Search

OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the effect of regular plyometric training on growth-related factors in obese female teenager. METHODS The subjects of the study consisted of elementary school students group (EG, n=5) and middle school students group(MG, n=6), and overweight or obese experimenters were selected based on the ‘2017 Child and Adolescent Growth Chart Age Body Mass’ index. Exercise was conducted for 12 weeks. All measurements were carried out before and after exercise. The data processing was verified using the SPSS 26.0 statistical program to verify the correlation between paired t-test and Pearson in the 12-week pretraining and post-training groups. RESULTS After 12 weeks of plyometric training, there were significant differences in height(p=.002), ASIS(p=.003), body fat percentage(p=.018), and muscle mass(p=.014) among body composition of EG. There was a significant difference in height(p=.015) in body composition of MG. In the evaluation of muscle function, in muscle strength(60°/sec), (R)-FLE PT/bw(p=.011), (L)-FLE PT/bw(p=.017) in EG and muscle power(180°/sec), (R)-FLE PT/bw(p=.024), (L)-EXT PT/bw(p=.001), (R)-FLE TW/bw(p=.004) and (L)-EXT TW/bw(p=.012) showed a statistically significant difference. In terms of correlation, significant relationships were found between EG body fat mass and IGF-1(p

OBJECTIVES Thigh strength has many features in our life. Many people perform vary squat types to stimulate different thigh muscles. However, there is a lack of information on which squat is the most effective on targeted muscles. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare thigh muscles’ activity by squat types and suggest the correct squat for strengthening thigh. METHODS Total of 20 men and women (age: 23.9±1.5yrs, height: 173.3±6.6cm, weight: 75.1±13.2kg, BMI: 24.9±3.1kg/m2) who had no musculoskeletal pathologies within last one year, and had weight training experience for more than 1 year were participated. Squat types were classified into standard (SS), narrow (NS), wide (WS), jump (JS), and Smith machine squats (SMS). Surface electromyography was used to collect the muscle activity of the thigh during three repetitions of each squat without weights. Time points during squat are defined as follows: E1 (start), E2 (maximum knee flexion, MKF), E3 (returned), P1 (from start to MKF), and P2 (from MKF to return). Repeated measured ANOVA was used to verify differences in lower limb muscle activity between squat types. RESULTS At the E2, significant differences were found in RF (p=.00) and ST (p=.00). In the P1, significant differences were found in RF (p=.00), VL (p=.00), and BF (p=.02). In the P2, significant differences were found in RF (p=.00), VM (p=.00), and ST (p=.01). CONCLUSIONS For more activity of both quadriceps and hamstrings, plyometric-based JS is the most effective squat, but by considering the performer's lack of exercise experience, postural control may not be performed correctly which may lead to injury. In addition, stable squat using the Smith machine should be considered and the intensity, number of repetitions, and weight should be carefully set according to type of squat.

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to find out the correlation with the risk of metabolic syndrome in stroke patients using KNHNES data. METHODS The raw data from the 1st to 3rd years of the 8th National Health and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES) were used, and 290 stroke patients aged 60 or older (109 in 2019, 89 in 2020, 92 in 2021) were selected out of 22.559 participants. The average and standard deviation of the subjects' general characteristics were presented, the risk of stroke patients and metabolic syndrome and related variables were analyzed through Pearson’s correlation analysis(p

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to determine whether suspension training can be an effective intervention in improving functional movement in healthy adult men. METHODS The recruited subjects of Twenty healthy adult men without musculoskeletal diseases were divided into group that performed TRX exercise (n=10) and a group that performed traditional OKC exercise using a resistance machine (n=10). The variables were the deep squat, hurdle step, inline lunge, shoulder mobility, leg raise, push-up, and rotational stability after an 8-week exercise program. The total score of the 7 movements was calculated to compare and analyze the before-and-after changes in FMS score. All the data obtained in this study were analyzed with SPSS package (ver 21.0). To examine the effects of the suspension training program used in this study, Repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to compare the effects before and after the participation in the program. RESULTS The research results are as follows; The results of the FMS evaluation scores showed no significant differences between the TRX group and the OKC group in the deep squat, hurdle step, inline lunge, shoulder mobility, leg raise, and push-up evaluations, and no interaction effect was found. However, the rotational stability evaluation score showed higher scores in the TRX group after training, showing a significant interaction effect (p

BACKGROUND Various factors-based properties of the skeletal muscle are determined by mechanical stress, chemical stimuli, neuromuscular stimuli, different protein isoforms etc. The properties of the muscle are formed in the process of the balance between anabolism and catabolism. Especially, the anabolism on the way of the cell proliferation to its differentiation is accompanied by various controlling signal pathways. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study focused on the mTOR/S6K system, Myosin, and Myocilin among these signaling pathways, especially on previously reported studies on the contribution of Myocilin to the skeletal muscle fiber type transformation. METHODS To identify the molecular pathways related to muscle development, the KEGG Mapper was used to present the mTOR-related signaling system that has not been identified so far. RESULTS Consequently, it suggests that it affects the myogenic process, through the path of PI3K->AKT->MEF2->MyoC->mTOR->p70S6K->S6. CONCLUSIONS It also suggests that Myocilin serves as a potential effector to control skeletal muscle cell type. Furthermore, more detailed study on the potential target-oriented (to the fast or slow fiber type change) role of Myocilin for enhancing the health state by adjusted exercise programs developed by its optimal type, intensity, frequency, and time is awaited.

OBJECTIVES This study examined the effects of clubbell exercises in a pitcher training program on the range of motion (ROM), muscle function, and its subsequent influence on pitching velocity. Additionally, this study aimed to develop an optimal training program to prevent injury while improving pitcher performance. METHODS Eighteen pitchers were included and equally divided into clubbell exercise and control groups. Clubbell training was conducted through 60-minute sessions twice a week for 12 weeks. Internal/external rotational (IR/ER) ROM, IR/ER muscle strength, muscle endurance, muscle power, and pitching velocity were measured before and after the intervention. RESULTS The IR (p = 0.051) and total ROM (TROM; p = 0.05) of the throwing arm decreased in the control group but increased in the clubbell exercise group, with an observed tendency of interaction. In the non-throwing arm, the ER ROM was significantly different between the two groups (p

OBJECTIVES This study examined the immediate effect of unilateral ankle or knee joint cooling on the low-erextremity kinematics and kinetics during two-legged jumping and landing. METHODS Twenty healthy adults randomly completed three data collection sessions for ankle or knee joint cooling, or control. For each session, participants performed two-legged countermovement jumps and lands. For joint cooling, two ice bags were directly placed to the right side and secured with a compression bandage. A three-dimensional motion analysis system (200 Hz) with two floor-embedded force platforms (2000 Hz) was employed to capture the jumping and landing. The cooling effects on kinematical (flight time, and sagittal plane joint angles) and kinetical (peak vertical ground reaction force (vGRF), impulse, and sagittal plane joint moments) variables were examined. A mixed-model analysis of variance was performed for each dependent variable (p≤0.0001 for all tests). RESULTS We did not observe any interactions (flight time: F2,95=0.67, p=0.52; joint angles: F2,209≤2.26, p≥0.10; peak vGRF: F2,209≤1.76, p≥0.20; impulse: F2,209≤2.54, p≥0.10; joint moments: F2,209≤4.80, p≥0.01 for all interactions). Regardless of condition and time (side effect), subjects showed a dominant-leg predominant movement strategy. Specifically, the right side showed a greater peak vGRF (2%), and greater ankle (7%), knee (6%), and hip (11%) joint moments, as compared with the left side during jumping. The same movement pattern was observed during landing that there was greater peak vGRF (11%) and impulse (8%), and greater ankle and knee joint moments (15%). Regardless of time and side (condition effect), subjects with ankle joint cooling showed 5% lesser ankle joint moment during jumping, compared with those who received knee joint cooling (p=0.0001). CONCLUSIONS A 20-min of unilateral ankle or knee joint cooling seems to neither alter vertical jump height nor change movement biomechanics during two-legged jumping and landing.

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the habits of physical activities in several intensities, drinking, and smoking of the general public who live in the S city and diabetes, high blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, plasma triglyceride, and waist circumference of them. METHODS For research, residents of 2,438,370 in S city were selected by using the big data of health checkups sheets that were conducted by the National Health Insurance Corporation in 2017. Physical activities were classified into three groups by intensity. The part of drinking was divided into three groups of non-alcohol, low, and high-drinking people. There were four groups in smoking of non-smoking, the group that smoke lower than the half pack of cigarettes per day, the half to one pack, and more than one pack. Metabolic syndrome frequency analysis and logistic regression analysis were used for this research. RESULTS Compared to the low-intensity physical activity group, the high-intensity group had 0.992, 0.954, 0.871, 0.83, and 0.878 times of lower risk in fasting plasma glucose, blood pressure, high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), plasma triglycerides, and abnormal waist circumference. High drinking group had more risk of fasting plasma glucose, blood pressure, HDL-C, plasma triglyceride, and abnormal waist circumference by 1.326, 1.894, 1.334, 2.125 and 1.263 times than non-drinking group. The group who smoked more than one pack a day had more risk of fasting plasma glucose, blood pressure, HDL-C, plasma triglyceride, and abnormal waist circumference by 1.971, 1.225, 3.229, 2.871, and 1.522 times than the group of non-smoking. CONCLUSION The subjects who did not have risk factors for metabolic syndrome were 29.7%. The average of patients with metabolic syndrome was 25.2%, of which males were 30.3%, and females were 20.1% of them. Metabolic syndrome factors were proved statistically valid. In the physical activity group, the high-intensity physical activity group had a lower risk of metabolic syndrome factors than the low and medium-intensity physical activity groups. The high-drinking group had a higher risk of metabolic syndrome in triglycerides, and the smoking group who smoked more than one pack per day had a higher risk of metabolic syndrome in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Objectives Several studies have reported that weighted baseball (WB) training is effective in improving ball speed; however, the weight of the ball suitable for training remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the changes in muscle activity during pitching using 5- to12-oz WBs and to provide basic data for training programs to improve pitching speed. Methods The subjects of this study were 10 overhand pitchers who had more than 5 years of experience. Muscle activity was measured and analyzed at 70–85% of throwing baseball maximum effort (TBME) during soft toss (ST) and TBME was evaluated using electromyography. Results As the ball weight increased, muscle activity also increased in all pitching phases. Muscle activity was higher during ST with WBs heavier than 10 or 11oz than during TBME, indicating that the loads on the shoulder and elbow joint muscles increased. Conversely, muscle activity during ST with 5- to 7-oz WBs was lower than that during TBME, although phase and muscle group differences were observed. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that training with 8- to 10-oz WBs could increase muscle strength and activity, although the effect may vary with fitness level and muscle strength.

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate abdominal muscles’ thickness change during abdominal hollowing with self-palpation feedback. METHODS Twenty six healthy males participated in this study. Subjects were instructed how to perform AHE on hook-lying position. Ultrasound images (transverse abdominis (TA), internal oblique (IO), external oblique (EO)) were measured during resting and AHE using self-palpation feedback or pressure biofeedback. RESULTS TA thickness increased significantly with both self-palpation feedback and pressure biofeedback groups (p

Dantrolene sodium (DS) was first introduced as an oral antispasmodic drug. However, in 1975, DS was demonstrated to be effective for managing malignant hyperthermia (MH) and was adopted as the primary therapeutic drug after intravenous administration. However, it is difficult to administer DS intravenously to manage MH. MH is life-threatening, pharmacogenomically related, and induced by depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents or inhalational anesthetics. All anesthesiologists should know the pharmacology of DS. DS suppresses Ca2+ release from ryanodine receptors (RyRs). RyRs are expressed in various tissues, although their distribution differs among subtypes. The anatomical and physiological functions of RyRs have also been demonstrated as effective therapeutic drugs for cardiac arrhythmias, Alzheimer’s disease, and other RyR-related diseases. Recently, a new formulation was introduced that enhanced the hydrophilicity of the lipophilic DS. The authors summarize the pharmacological properties of DS and comment on its indications, contraindications, adverse effects, and interactions with other drugs by reviewing reference articles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A medial opening wedge supramalleolar osteotomy (SMO) introduced by Takakura et al. is a useful realignment procedure for patients with ankle joint arthritis and varus malalignment by shifting the weight-bearing axis laterally and redistributing the loads on the ankle joint. When pain persists after arthroscopic microfracture in patients with medial osteochondral lesion of the talus (OLT), redo arthroscopy, osteochondral autograft transplantation, autologous chondrocyte implantation, or matrix-induced chondrogenesis might be indicated. On the other hand, there is insufficient scientific evidence for realignment surgery through SMO, while the effect of realignment surgery has been studied consecutively for osteochondral lesions of the knee. Therefore, this paper reports a patient with medial OLT who underwent redo arthroscopy combined with SMO for persistent pain after primary arthroscopic microfracture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the changes in dietary behavior of shift work nurses and its influencing factors over time. Methods: This was a secondary data analysis study based on the Shift Work Nurses' Health and Turnover study. Data of 165 shift work nurses, who were followed for three-time points [before shift work (T0), after 6 months (T1), and after 18 months(T2) of shift work], were analyzed. Dietary behavior, level of stress, fatigue, depressive symptoms, and the amount of physical activity were measured. SPSS 28.0 was used to analyze the data to acquire descriptive statistics, repeated-measures ANOVA, and multiple linear regression with generalized estimating equations (GEE). Results: Dietary behavior of shift work nurses was poorer at T1 and T2 as compared to T0. As a result of GEE, shift work duration, level of stress, fatigue, and depressive symptoms were found to have negative impacts on dietary behavior. Conclusion: Dietary behavior deteriorated and remained poor over time since shift work began. Shift work, along with stress, fatigue, and depressive symptoms, were the factors influencing their dietary behavior. Thus, to improve shift work nurses' dietary behavior, efforts to decrease stress, and alleviate fatigue and depressive symptoms are urgently required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

本研究之目的是探討香港中文教師的教學信念及其與教學實務的相關性。研究對象是六位中學教師，教學年資由四年至三十一年不等。他們來自招收學生素質不同的學校，分為高、中、低三類。資料蒐集採用半結構式訪談及觀課進行。研究揭示教師的信念系統可歸為兩大類型，而主要的分歧在於教學範疇、教學方法、教學活動及師生在課堂中的角色。持傳授觀的教師支持舊課程，接受詳細講解經典範文的教學方式；然而，持啟發觀的教師則與新課程的理念相符。本研究也揭示教師的信念與教學實務，以及對學生的期望很大程度上是一致的，從研究發現顯示，要成功地實施課程，取決於教師是否認同新課程之目的與價值。 This study aims to investigate the beliefs of Chinese language teachers in Hong Kong and how these beliefs are related to their teaching. Six secondary teachers with teaching experience of 4 to 31 years were studied. They came from schools with high, medium and low quality of student intake. Data were collected from semi-structured interviews and classroom observations. The study finds that there are two predominant belief systems held by teachers. The major differences lie on the beliefs about scopes of teaching, instructional approaches, teaching and learning activities, and roles of teachers and students in classroom. The transmission-oriented teachers support the old Chinese language curriculum that requires the teaching of classical and exemplar texts in great detail. However, the view of the heuristics-oriented teachers is in line with the new curriculum. The results also reveal high degrees of consistency between teachers’ professed beliefs and their teaching practices as well as their expectation on students. The findings of this study suggest that successful curriculum implementation depends on whether teachers agree with the aims and values of the new curriculum.

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in recent decades has led to innovation and new development opportunities in many industries. The application of AI technologies in the medical and healthcare sector offers significant potential benefit. In this paper, the integration of AI into healthcare research is introduced to encourage more medical and healthcare experts to research this promising cross-disciplinary area. After introducing the basic concepts that underlie AI, the two major schools of machine learning approaches, namely 'supervised learning' and 'unsupervised learning', are discussed. Next, two commonly used algorithms (artificial neural networks and decision trees) are discussed. The paper then focuses on three healthcare applications of AI technologies, including predicting postoperative mortality, quality of life in older adults, and risk of dementia. Finally, the challenges to integrating AI into healthcare research such as class imbalance, missing data, and data scarcity are discussed along with feasible approaches to resolving these challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Progress in Modern Biomedicine is the property of Publishing House of Progress in Modern Biomedicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: This study was done to understand nursing students' exposure of needlestick and sharp injuries (NSSI), level of anxiety as well as experience of practicing injection with human beings during Fundamentals of Nursing (FN) practice. Methods: Data consisted of self-report questionnaires completed by 571 nursing students who had completed an injection practice in FN. The questionnaire included questions on general characteristics, exposure to NSSI, experience of practicing injections with human beings, level of anxiety and other experiences. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. Results: Of the students, 17.5% experienced NSSI and 83.2% performed invasive injection procedures in the FN practice. The level of anxiety was 4.62-6.46/10 points when injecting a classmate and 1.27-1.93/10 points when using manikins. The feeling most often reported was worried about making a mistake that could hurt my classmate (57.2%). Conclusion: Nursing students are exposed to NSSI and experience a high degree of anxiety in invasive injection practice. These results indicate that it is necessary to develop and implement standardized NSSI prevention and anxiety reduction programs in FN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A hospital emergency department is unique among medical environments, with risks of medical errors often higher than in other medical units. Previous studies have confirmed that establishing comprehensive clinical practice guidelines in the emergency department reduces medical costs and improves patient safety and satisfaction. Furthermore, having these guidelines positively influences and significantly impacts the work of emergency care professionals. This article addresses the current assessment and treatment of common emergency care, including non-invasive temperature measurements, oxygenated monitoring during procedural sedation and analgesia, postural differences and vital signs monitoring, and difficulties in peripheral vein placement. Further, this article introduces the recommendations of the Emergency Nurses Association on the empirical level and in terms of the clinical application of these practices in order to help emergency staffs develop domestic and local emergency clinical care guidelines in order to reduce the incidence of medical malpractice and improve care quality and patient satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to develop a Korean version of evidence-based enteral tube feeding (ETF) guidelines through adaptation of existing ETF guidelines. Methods: The guideline adaptation process was conducted into 24 steps according to a manual for guideline adaptation version 2.0 developed by NECA. Results: The adapted ETF nursing practice guideline was consisted of 9 domains and 20 recommendations, including confirmation of tube placement, risk of aspiration, assessment gastric residual volume, body positioning, treating feeding tube occlusion, administration rate, medication, tube flushes, and interruption of feeding. The results of the grading of recommendations assessment by expert penal showed that 8 recommendations in Grade A, 4 in grade B, and 8 in Grade C were emerged from the process. The range of content validity index scores by expert penal was 0.8-1.0. Conclusion: It is expected that the adapted ETF nursing practice guideline could be helpful for nurses to practice evidence-based ETF for their patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between brain injury patterns on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and neurodevelopmental outcomes in neonates with postasphyxial hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Methods: Clinical characteristics and brain MRI findings of 49 term neonates with postasphyxial HIE were retrospectively reviewed. Brain injury patterns in MRI were classified into five categories, along with evaluation of the posterior limb of internal capsule (PLIC). Neurodevelopmental outcomes were assessed by neurological examination combined with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II between 1 and 2 years of age. Results: Twenty-three neonates (46.9%) showed abnormal brain MRI finding associated with poor neurodevelopmental outcomes (odds ratio 9.7, 95% confidence interval 1.4, 67.4, P=0.022). The following injury patterns were seen in MRI: abnormality in the basal ganglia-thalamus (BGT) in 4 neonates (17.4%), watershed predominant (WP) pattern in 5 (21.7%), extensive global injury (EGI) in 3 (13.0%), lesions restricted to periventricular white matter (LPWM) in 4 (17.4%), and perinatal arterial ischemic stroke (PAIS) in 2 (8.7%). Additionally, 6 neonate (26.1%) showed lesion in the PLIC. Neonate with BGT and EGI injury patterns showed worse neurodevelopmental outcomes than those with WP and LPWM patterns (P<0.05). Neonate with PLIC lesion also showed poor outcomes (100%). Conclusion: Abnormal brain MRI findings in neonates with postasphyxial HIE were associated with the poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. BGT, EGI and PLIC patterns of injury are expected to have worse outcomes than white matter predominant injury patterns such as those in the WP and LPWM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a case of a 64-year-old woman with acute myeloid leukemia who developed a hepatic abscess during the neutropenic period after induction chemotherapy. To treat the abscess, meropenem and ciprofloxacin were administered to target Klebsiella pneumoniae and percutaneous drainag performed. As a result, the patient's fever and c-reactive protein (CRP) subsequently improved. After six weeks of antibiotic therapy, an abdominal computed tomography scan revealed remains of the liver abscess as well as an ileus in the small bowel. Molds from the Mucor genus were cultured from repeated liver abscess drainage and an abscess wall biopsy confirmed hepatic mucormycosis. Along with administration of amphotericin-B deoxycholate for four weeks, we performed Iobectomy for hepatic mucormycosis and small bowel resection for a suspected small bowel mucormycosis. After these operations, the patient received liposomal amphotericin B for three weeks and was then maintained with oral posaconazole for more than four weeks. Our case report suggests that hepatic mucormycosis should be considered when a hepatic abscess exhibits a retarded response to antibacterial agents, especially for patients with risk factors. In addition, because an isolated hepatic mucormycosis is infrequent, a thorough search for the extent of the disease is necessary before surgical resection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study is to investigate perceived stress, depression, body mass index (BMI), and nutrient intakes of soldiers in the army. Methods: The subjects were 301 soldiers recruited from two divisions of the army in Kangwon-Do. The data was collected from August 3 to 9, 2009. Perceived stress, depression, lifestyle, dietary habits, BMI, and nutrient intake were assessed. Results: Subjects' distribution for normal weight, underweight, overweight, and obese was 67.4%, 0.7%, 16.3%, and 15.6%, respectively. BMI was related to class, service branch, duration of military service and being on a diet, whereas BMI was not found to be related to perceived stress, and depression. Some nutrient intakes such as dietary fiber, vitamin C, and Calcium was related to depression. Conclusion: This study suggests that soldiers need to undergo stress, depression management, and a nutritional education program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Aims: A few studies showed that hood-cap assisted colonoscopy (CAC) had improved cecal intubation rate and cecal intubation time but did not help in finding colon polyps in comparison with conventional colonoscopy (CC). However, other studies have shown different results. Therefore, we investigated the efficacy of CAC for the cecal intubation time and polyp detection rate. Methods: Patients for colonoscopy in Busan St. Mary's Medical Center were enrolled to this randomized controlled trial between July 2010 and September 2010. The evaluated outcomes were polyp detection rate, adenoma detection rate, and cecal intubation time in all patients, in difficult cases (history of previous abdominal or pelvic surgery, obesity, old age), and in the expert and non-expert groups. Results: A total of 260 patients enrolled in this study were randomly allocated to the CAC group (n=130), or CC group (n=130). The overall cecal intubation time was shorter in the CAC group (5.7±3.4 min vs. 7.8±5.7 min, P<0.001). The polyp detection rate was higher in the CAC group (58.4% vs. 43%, P=0.008). The cecal intubation time in the expert and non-expert groups were shorter in the CAC group (expert: 4.1±2.2 min vs. 5.5±2.0 min, P=0.001; non-expert: 6.7±3.7 min vs. 9.4±5.9 min, P=0.001). Conclusions: The use of CAC improved the detection rate of colon polyps and shortened the cecal intubation time for both the expert and non-expert groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epithelial colon polyps are largely divided into hyperplastic and adenomatous polyps. Adenomatous polyps are premalignant lesions, whereas hyperplastic polyps are regarded as benign lesions. However, this histological classification has been blurred, as cases of malignant changes in hyperplastic polyposis, mixed hyperplastic adenomatous polyps (MHAPs), and serrated adenomas in the colon have been reported. Rare cases of MHAP have been reported, and are mainly found at the proximal colon with a relatively large size. MHAPs seem to be an intermediate stage of the hyperplastic polyp-adenoma sequence or a collision tumor. Here, we report on a case of a single polyp in the rectum diagnosed with a MHAP combined with an invasive adenocarcinoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report a 56-year-old female with symptomatic protrusion of the bony lesion in the trapezium. Excision and biopsy of the bony lesion revealed thickened and sclerotic bony trabecula with adjacent zone of fibrocartilage, which is comparable with melorheostosis. This lesion with unique radiologic and histologic findings may be important to differentiate with other bony lesions such as myositis ossifications and osteosarcoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the number of distal locking screws affected the final radiologic results after volar plate fixation for distal radius fractures. Methods: We retrospectively identified 176 patients (male, 36; female, 140; average, 60 years) who had distal radius fractures treated with open reduction and volar plate fixation between 2011 and 2012. The number of screws used for distal fixation was determined according to the surgeon's preference and the type of plate used. Radiologic parameters and their displacements were measured postoperatively and at final follow-up. The results of using 4 or 5 distal locking screws were compared with those of using more than 6 distal locking screws. Results: There was no significant displacement in fracture fragment when using 4 or 5 distal locking screws compared with using more than 6 distal locking screws. Mean displacement in ulnar variance was 0.6 mm in group with less than 5 screws, and the displacement was 0.4 mm in group with more than 6 screws (p=0.772). Secondary displacement was not correlated with fracture type or the number of distal locking screws. There was no fixation failure during the study period. Conclusion: It seems that 4 or 5 distal locking screws are strong enough to prevent a significant loss of fracture reduction. Filling every distal screw hole is not recommended to limit cost and avoid extensor tendon complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traumatic dislocation of the radial head without fracture of the olecranon is very rare, especially in adults. We experienced a case of irreducible radial head dislocation with fracture without involvement of ulna. Open reduction and internal fixation was performed. During surgery, brachialis was interposed between capitellum and radial head, and also interposed between the fragments at the fracture site of the radial head. At 12 months after operation, the radial head was well reduced with normal rotation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Ulnar shortening osteotmy is a common operation for the treatment of ulnar impaction syndrome. The purpose of this study was to evaluate factors that may affect the occurrence of distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) arthritis after ulnar shortening osteotomy. Methods: From September 2005 to August 2012, we performed 81 ulnar shortening osteotomies for ulnar impaction syndrome, and evaluated occurrence or deterioration of DRUJ arthritis in 58 patients with a minimum follow-up of 1 year. We analyzed potential factors that may affect the occurrence of DRUJ arthritis, such as, age, sex, hand dominance, pre- and postoperative ulnar variance, preexisting DRUJ arthritis, types of radial sigmoid notch, amount of ulnar shortening, and follow up period. Results: DRUJ arthritis occurred or deteriorated in 32 out of the 58 patients. Regression analysis indicated a significant correlation between the type of radial sigmoid notch (type 1) and DRUJ arthritis. Other factors were not found to be correlated with occurrence or deterioration of DRUJ arthritis. Conclusion: This study suggests that patients with type 1 radial sigmoid notch (ulnar inclination of more than 10 degrees) are more likely to develop DRUJ arthritis after ulnar shortening osteotomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: While studies have examined microleakage in endodontically treated teeth restored with posts, microleakage among post and adhesive systems remains a concern. This study compared the sealing properties of 3 adhesively luted post systems. Materials and methods: Thirty-six endodontically treated permanent maxillary central incisors were divided into 3 groups: Zirconia-glass fiber, Quartz-glass fiber, Polyethylene fiber posts. Post space was prepared and each post was adhesively luted with 3 systems. The specimens were separately immersed in freshly prepared 2% methylene blue solution for 1 week. The cleaned specimens were then embedded in autopolymerizing acrylic resin. The root portion of tooth were horizontally sectioned into three pieces (apical, middle, and coronal portions). An occlusal view of each section was digitally photographed with a stereomicroscope. The methylene blue-infiltrated surface for each specimen was measured. Dye penetration was estimated as the ratio of the methylene blue-infiltrated surface to the total dentin surface. Results: No significant differences were found among post types. The variables of middle section and 3-stage adhesive produced significant differences in microleakage between the following post pairs: zirconia-glass fiber versus quartz-glass fiber, zirconia-glass fiber versus polyethylene fiber, and quartz-glass fiber versus polyethylene fiber (P<.05). There were significant differences between the apical and coronal sections of each post type, and between apical versus middle sections of quarze-glass fiber and polyethylene fiber posts (P<.05). Conclusion: No significant differences were found among post types. The 3-stage adhesive produced significant differences in microleakage between the following post pairs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: We evaluated the change of the ulnar variance (UV) as forearm rotation in patients with ulnocarpal impaction syndrome (UIS). Methods: Twenty patients who suffered from ulnar side pain of the wrist and had abnormal lesions at ulno-basal side of the lunate in the radiologic examinations were included in this study. Their UVs in six wrist position (neutral, supination, pronation, neutral and grip, supination and grip, pronation and grip) were measured by the method of perpendiculars. UVs and the maximum change of UV in patients with UIS were compared with those of control group statistically. Results: There were statistically significant differences in UVs of all forearm rotation and grip status. The maximum change of UV was in supination position to pronation and grip status for all cases. The mean maximum change of UV in patients with UIS was 2.03±1.03 mm, and that of control group was 1.86 ±0.86 mm. But there was no significant difference between them. The ulnar shortening osteotomy was performed for thirteen UIS patients, and one patient with osteoarthritis at distal radio-ulnar joint was operated with Darrach procedure. Six patients underwent conservative treatment. Conclusion: There were no significant differences in the maximum change of UV as forearm rotation between UIS patients and control group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lipofibromatous hamartoma is a very uncommon, benign tumor that involves diffuse infiltration of peripheral nerves by normal-appearing fibrous and adipose tissues. We repost a rare case of secondary carpal tunnel syndrome due to a lipofibromatous hamartoma of the median nerve with preoperative and postoperative magnetic resonance images. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to examine a attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavior control, intention to report child abuse and to identify predictors of emergency room (ER) nurses' intention to report child abuse cases. Methods: A total of 364 nurses in ER participated in this study. Data were collected by self-administered questionnaire and analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test or ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. Results: 84.1 % of emergency room nurses reported feeling of obligation to report child abuse. Attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavior control were positively correlated with intention to report child abuse. Intention to report child abuse was predicted by emergency room nurse's attitude, perceived behavior control, subjective norm, ER nurse career, and recognition as a reporting obligator. Conclusion: Child abuse education program should be developed to help ER nurses to report child abuse case and positive attitude toward reporting the cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Distal radius fracture is one of the most common fractures treated in the orthopedic field. The application of locking plate principle to the distal radius has allowed comminuted distal radius fractures involving the articular surface to be effectively treated by open reduction and internal fixation. The authors experienced a case of failure of distal locking screws in an intraarticular distal radius fracture treated with volar locking plate fixation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nodular hidadenoma is known as an eccrine sweat gland origin that arises in the skin and occurs as a solitary tumor in most cases. Although it is not uncommon, it is rarely occurs in the hand. We report a case of nodular hidadenoma of the fourth finger with a brief review of the literatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]