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Objective: To compare the differences of postoperative patient-controlled intravenous analgesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomy and gynecological laparoscopy in female patients., Methods: This retrospective study included 645 female patients received laparoscopic cholecystectomy or gynecological laparoscopy (laparoscopic oophorocystectomy/myomectomy) between January 2011 and July 2012 in Tongji Hospital. Among them, 207 cases of sufentanil-tramadol patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) were enrolled and divided into 2 groups:77 cases in laparoscopic cholecystectomy group, and 130 cases in gynecological laparoscopy group. The pressing frequency and consumption of PCIA, localization and quality of postoperative pain, visual analogue scale (VAS) at 4-6 h, 8-12 h, 18-24 h after surgery, and adverse effect were compared by t-test,χ(2) test, Fisher exact test or Mann-Whitney test., Results: There was no statistical difference of age, body mass index, and operation time between the two groups (all P > 0.05). As compared with the gynecological laparoscopy group (3 (4)), PCIA pressing frequency was higher in the laparoscopic cholecystectomy group (5 (7)), but there was no statistical difference (Z = -1.747, P = 0.081). PCIA consumption in the laparoscopic cholecystectomy group (79 (33) ml) was higher than that in the gynecological laparoscopy group (48 (30) ml) (Z = -6.267, P = 0.000). The postoperative pain localization and quality were different in the two groups, the patients in the laparoscopic cholecystectomy group experienced dull pain in lower abdomen, but the ones in the gynecological laparoscopy group had distending pain in upper abdomen and piercing pain around scapula. The differences of 4-6 h, 8-12 h, 18-24 h VAS scores in the two groups had no statistical significance (all P > 0.05). The total incidence of postoperative adverse effect between the two groups had no statistical significant difference (laparoscopic cholecystectomy group:11.7%, gynecological laparoscopy group:16.2%) (χ(2) = 0.778, P = 0.378). The incidence of dizziness was higher in the gynecological laparoscopy group (6.2%) than that in the laparoscopic cholecystectomy group (0) (Fisher exact test:P < 0.05)., Conclusion: In the case of sufentanil-tramadol PCIA, laparoscopic cholecystectomy needs more postoperative analgesia, while gynecological laparoscopy has higher incidence of dizziness.