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Thoracic surgery encompasses the diagnosis and treatment of various chest diseases such as lung cancer, esophageal cancer, and mediastinal tumors. The treatment plans for these diseases are complex and often involve a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, each with different impacts on the patient's quality of life. Patient-reported outcomes (PRO) and shared decision-making (SDM) are becoming increasingly important in this field. PRO allows patients to directly report their health status and the effects of treatment, aiding doctors in adjusting treatment plans. SDM ensures that treatment plans align with the patient's personal values and preferences through information sharing and joint decision-making. The comprehensive application of PRO and SDM can enhance patient satisfaction and treatment outcomes, though it also faces challenges such as data collection and time management. Future research should focus on developing more efficient PRO tools and SDM processes to improve patient-centered healthcare quality.

Porphyromonas gingivalis is a key pathogenic microorganism that triggers periodontitis. It is closely associated with oral diseases such as chronic periodontitis and recently found to have a significant correlation with the occurrence, progression, and prognosis of cancer. As the leading malignant tumor in terms of both incidence and mortality worldwide, lung cancer has always been a focus and hotspot of research. The causes of lung cancer are complex and involve multiple factors, including smoking, occupational factors, air pollution, ionizing radiation, diet and nutrition, genetic factors, etc. Researchers have also begun to pay attention to the relationship between oral microbiota and overall health, especially the link with lung cancer. The article summarizes the latest advancements in research on Porphyromonas gingivalis in lung cancer, primarily encompassing etiology and pathogenic mechanisms, and explores its potential as a therapeutic target for lung cancer, aiming to provide new insights and directions for lung cancer prevention and treatment strategies.

In response to the unclear understanding of fracture propagation and intersection interference in zipper fracturing under the factory development model of deep shale gas wells, a coupled hydro-mechanical model for zipper fracturing considering the influence of natural fracture zones was established based on the finite element – discrete element method. The reliability of the model was verified using experimental data and field monitoring pressure increase data. Taking the deep shale gas reservoir in southern Sichuan as an example, the propagation and interference laws of fracturing fractures under the influence of natural fracture zones with different characteristics were studied. The results show that the large approaching angle fracture zone has a blocking effect on the forward propagation of fracturing fractures and the intersection of inter well fractures. During pump shutdown, hydraulic fractures exhibit continued expansion behavior under net pressure driving. Under high stress difference, as the approaching angle of the fracture zone increases, the response well pressure increase and the total length of the fractured fracture show a trend of first decreasing and then increasing, and first increasing and then decreasing, respectively. Compared to small approach angle fracture zones, natural fracture zones with large approach angles require longer time and have greater difficulty to intersect. The width of fractures and the length of natural fractures are negatively and positively correlated with the response well pressure increase, respectively, and positively and negatively correlated with the time required for intersection, the total length of hydraulic fractures, and fracturing efficiency, respectively. As the displacement distance of the well increases, the probability of fracture intersection decreases, but the regularity between displacement distance and the response well pressure increase and the total length of fractures is not obvious.

As a new diagnosis and treatment decision-making model, shared decision making (SDM) can effectively solve the problem of patient compliance in the diagnosis and treatment of thoracic tumors, balance the status of both doctors and patients, and gradually get attention and application in the clinical practice of thoracic surgery. The application of SDM in the diagnosis and treatment of thoracic tumors is conducive to improve doctors' diagnosis and treatment level and alleviating the pressure of responsibility, reduce patients' psychological pressure and improve patients' compliance and also improve medical trust and reduce doctor-patient conflict. Due to the limited medical literacy and autonomy of patients, the time for diagnosis and treatment is short due to the imbalance of doctor-patient ratio. Meanwhile, due to the limited sample size of existing studies, SDM model cannot be proved to have a clear gain for the treatment of thoracic tumors, and the implementation of SDM model still faces resistance. In the future, the development of auxiliary decision-making system and the improvement of doctors' humanistic care ability will be conducive to promote the practical application of SDM model in thoracic surgery.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) young patients (≤45 years old), despite their low prevalence, have unique clinical and pathological features. Its morbidity has been on the rise in recent years. With the concept of individualized lung cancer treatment, related researches are gradually gaining attention. In addition, the treatment response and prognosis in NSCLC young patients are different from older patients, so the study of NSCLC young patients is of great clinical significance. This article reviews the clinical manifestations, treatment and prognosis of NSCLC young patients.

The rapid development and promotion of minimally invasive thoracic surgery represented by video-assisted thoracoscopy surgery has gradually replaced traditional thoracic surgery technique as the primary choice for the treatment of pulmonary nodules, including early lung cancer. With the clinical application of double-lumen bronchial catheters, the realization of one-lung ventilation technology not only provides a solid anesthesia foundation for the popularization of minimally invasive thoracic surgery, but also provides a guarantee for the rapid and smooth implementation of the operation. However, compared with single-lumen bronchial catheters, the diameter of the double-lumen bronchial catheter is thicker, and the tube body is hard and difficult to shape, which brings inconvenience to anesthesia intubation. The bronchial structure is different, and the incidence of dislocation during anesthesia intubation is also high. With the gradual clinical use of video double-lumen tube (VDLT), it has become a hot spot in thoracic surgery in recent years. This article reviews the application and research progress of VDLT in thoracic surgery.

The incidence rate of lung cancer is one of the highest incidence of malignancies in China. The gold standard for diagnosis requires pathological examination or cytological examination of biopsy. The invasive and sensitive nature of the two limits their use. Sputum contains a large number of nucleic acids and proteins, which is a good reflection of lung function. Lung cancer tissue will also affect the biological components in sputum. The detection of bioactive substances in sputum can contribute to the diagnosis of lung cancer. Based on the current research results at home and abroad, this paper reviews the bioactive substances in sputum that can be used for the diagnosis of lung cancer.

Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a dynamic network distributed around tumor cells. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), as an important component of the TME, are not only closely related to normal fibroblasts, but also can secrete a variety of substances to participate in the regulation of the TME. Exosomes, one of the substances from CAFs, can promote the formation and development of lung cancer, including promoting the formation of TME, increasing pulmonary tumor cell invasion and metastasis, mediating pulmonary tumor immunosuppression and participating in radiotherapy and chemotherapy resistance. This article reviews the current research status and progress of cancer associated fibroblasts-derived exosomes in lung cancer.

The cell cycle-related transcription factor E2F1 is a member of the cell cycle-related transcription factor E2F family, mainly involved in various cell processes including cell cycle progression, DNA repair, DNA replication, cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. E2F1 is highly expressed in a variety of tumor tissues and cells, and it plays a role as a cancer-promoting gene. The up-regulation of E2F1 expression is closely related to the occurrence, development, metastasis and prognosis of tumors. Therefore, E2F1 is expected to become a new target for cancer treatment. This article reviews the latest research progress of E2F1 in current common tumors.

The good results of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) combined with minimally invasive surgery are reflected in reducing the incidence of perioperative complications and shortening the length of hospitalization (LOS). It has been widely used in surgical fields of different specialties. The implementation of the day surgery mode can shorten the waiting time for patients and reduce the financial burden. Especially in thoracic surgery, the shorter the waiting time in the hospital, the more beneficial for the patient's physical and psychological recovery. With the widespread implementation of minimally invasive technology and accelerated rehabilitation procedures, the application of ERAS in thoracic surgery has made it possible for some thoracic surgery to be completed in the day surgery. This article summarizes the current application of ERAS in the field of thoracic surgery and the development prospects of day surgery models in China.

The good effect of enhanced recovery after surgery is reflected in reducing the incidence of perioperative complications and shortening the hospital stays. However, the concern for the management of perioperative patients and the quality of life of patients after surgery is not high enough. Evaluating clinical efficacy from the perspective of patient-reported data has received increasing attention. Combining the current domestic and foreign research results on the outcome of patient reports, this article systematically discusses the concept connotation, research significance, and clinical application of thoracic surgery for the outcome of patient reports with proposing a clinical outcome research model that draws on foreign patient reports to develop Chinese characteristics. Combine the related research of discipline characteristics, and summarize and analyze the existing literature reports.

Recently, with the proliferation of high-resolution computed tomography (CT), the frequency of small pulmonary nodules appears higher and more precise than previously estimated, especially in CT screening in patients with high risk factors for lung cancer. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) provides a new minimally invasive treatment for the diagnosis and treatment of small pulmonary nodules. The VATS results in less pain, shorter hospital stay, and reduced surgical complications, making it more widely available. How to accurately locate and mark lesions is important for video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. This article reviews the various techniques used to locate pulmonary nodules in surgery in recent years and summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of them.

Background and objective Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), especially postoperative pneumonia (POP), directly affect the rapid recovery of lung cancer patients after surgery. Peak expiratory flow (PEF) can reflect airway patency and cough efficiency. Moreover, cough impairment may lead to accumulation of pulmonary secretions which can increase the risk of PPCs. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of preoperative PEF on PPCs in patients with lung cancer. Methods Retrospective research was conducted on 433 lung cancer patients who underwent lobectomy at the West China Hospital of Sichuan University from January 2014 to December 2015. The associations between preoperative PEF and PPCs were analyzed based on patients’ basic characteristics and clinical data in hospital. Results Preoperative PEF value in PPCs group (280.93±88.99) L/min was significantly lower than that in non-PPCs group (358.38±93.69) L/min (P320 L/min group (9.4%)(P

Aiming at the disadvantages of existing shale reservoir evaluation methods, a new comprehensive index was proposed to accurately predict the distribution of high quality shale reservoirs and favorable fracturing intervals. The comprehensive index can be calculated using the physical properties index and fracturing index by the equivalent method. Computed by logging rock-electric parameters and mineral bulk physical model, the physical properties index characterizes reservoir property and gas-bearing property; the fracturing index characterizes reservoir fracability and is acquired by equivalent porous medium model considering mineral components. According to the comprehensive index, combined with the macro-micro characteristics of cores and logging data, the shale reservoirs in the Ordovician Wufeng Formation to Silurian Longmaxi Formation of Jiaoshiba area in the southeastern margin of Sichuan Basin are subdivided into four types, the high terrigenous siliceous and high authigenic siliceous types are the best in reservoir property and fracability, followed by the middle siliceous and then low siliceous. The comprehensive index can be used to interpret the logging data of horizontal well to figure out the proportion of reservoirs of different types, identify the spatial distribution of reservoirs with good physical properties and good fracability. The predicted results match well with actual production after fracturing. Key words: comprehensive evaluation index, physical properties index, fracturing index, shale reservoir, gas-bearing property, fracability, siliceous shale, Jiaoshiba shale gas, Sichuan Basin

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) is fibroblast cells activated by cancer cells in tumor with myofibroblasts cells (MFs) properties. CAFs is the main components of the tumor microenvironment. Malignant conversion of CAFs phenotype is closely related to the tumor evolution. In this review, we summarized that: (1) The source of CAFs and morphology, and the relation between heterogenicity and the malignant phenotype conversion of CAFs with time-space change; (2) The current research status and question of clinical application on CAFs; (3) The relation of CAFs and invasion and metastasis of lung cancer; (4) CAFs in the prognosis and treatment of lung cancer.

[Objective] Qinling-Bashan mountains are not only an important ecological function area, but also a concentrated contiguous poverty-stricken area in China. It is of great practical significance to strengthen the ecological sensitivity evaluation and reveal the terrain gradient characteristics for the delineation of ecological red line and the construction of regional ecological highlands in the mountainous area. [Methods] Based on the data of land use / cover, climate, terrain and soil type, the linear weighted sum method, entropy weight method and spatial overlay analysis method have been used to evaluate its ecological sensitivity, and the sensitive function zoning and ecological protection countermeasures have been put forward. [Results] (1) The ecological sensitivity fluctuated in Qinling-Bashan mountains during 2000—2018 and it decreased after 2010;(2) Horizontally, the ecological sensitivity of Bashan mountains is higher than that of Qinling mountains; (3) Vertically, with the increase of terrain, it shows the trend of“first increasing-decreasing-then increasing”. The ecological sensitivity is the highest around 900 m of elevation, and the distribution area of ecological sensitivity above severe degree is the most extensive in 75 ~ 200 m of surface cutting depth and 15° ~ 25° of slope.(4) According to the evaluation results, it is divided into five types: key construction area, moderate development area, soil-and-water conservation area, general ecological area and important ecological area, and their characteristics and protection countermeasures have been summed up and put forward. [Conclusion] In the future, we should continually optimize the land use pattern, strengthen the comprehensive management and ecological restoration of mountains, forest, farmlands, lakes and grasslands.

Abstract [Objective] The study aims to provide a theoretical basis for potato disease resistance breeding by investigating the characteristics of the potato defensin gene StPSK4 and conducting a functional analysis of its role in potato disease resistance. [Methods] The authors utilized bioinformatics method for a systematic analysis of StPSK4, and conduct transcriptome sequencing analysis to examine the tissue-specific expression pattern of StPSK4 under biotic and abiotic stress, assessing the plant innate immune response to Pseudomonas syringae in StPSK4 overexpressing plants. [Results] The full length CDS of StPSK4 was 457 bp, encoding 100 amino acids. StPSK4 contained a signal peptide, with its tertiary structure mainly composed of α-helices and random coils. The C-terminus of PSK4 contains the defensin sequence DYIYTQ, and the similarity between StPSK4 and Solanaceae crops was above 80%. StPSK4 was highly expressed in potato sprouts and petioles, and showed strong response to biotic and abiotic stress such as high temperature, salt, P . syringae, and Phytophthora infestans. Overexpression of StPSK4 suppressed ROS burst in potato and defensed marker gene expression, and enhanced resistance to P . syringae. [Conclusion] StPSK4 responds to various stress conditions such as high temperature and bacterial wilt infestans. Overexpression of StPSK4 inhibits ROS burst, defense marker gene expression, and resistance to bacterial wilt in potato, confirming the suppressive role of StPSK4 in potato disease resistance.

Hydropower development is one way to efficiently harness the energy of rivers. However, damming limits the upstream reproductive behavior of migratory fish, and fish passage facilities are now an important means of restoring connectivity. Flow velocity is an important factor for fish to perceive the environment and maintain swimming behavior. The reservoir in front of the dam has become a near-hydrostatic environment that significantly changes the river properties. Reduced velocity may make it difficult for fish released into the reservoir area by fish passage facilities to find the flow direction, reducing their migratory success rate. This paper takes the Wudongde reservoir as an example and uses numerical simulation to analyze the characteristics of the flow field in the reservoir at different flow levels. It takes the induced velocity of fish as the threshold value to analyze the river sections in the reservoir affected by the reduced velocity. The results show that the flow velocity in the reservoir area decreases significantly from the end of the reservoir to the front of the dam; the flow velocity in the main reservoir is more homogeneous in the direction of water depth, and the tributary estuaries present non-uniform distribution. Under the conditions of low flow (February), medium flow (May), and high flow (August), a certain range of the river section is below the induced velocity of the fish (0.2 m/s), and the suitable locations for migratory fish stocking are located in the upper part of Wudongde Dam, 102, 96, and 38 km, respectively. The results provide technical references for the selection of release sites for fish passage facilities in high dams and large reservoirs, and are of great significance for the protection of water ecology in the dam-built river reaches.

[Objective] The spatiotemporal changes and correlations between landscape ecology risks and ecosystem service values in the Hanjiang eco-economic belt were studied in order to provide a theoretical basis for regional ecological security and sustainable development of the ecosystem and support for the optimization of landscape pattern and rational allocation of land resources. [Methods] We evaluated the ecological risk and ecosystem service value of landscape in the Hanjiang eco-economic belt based on an ecosystem service value equivalence table. We determined the internal relationship between these parameters, and the spatiotemporal variation law of landscape ecological risk and ecosystem service value. [Results] ① Landscape fragmentation gradually increased, and the landscape ecological risk slightly increased in the Hanjiang eco-economic belt from 1990 to 2020. A spatial pattern of “low risk in the upstream, high risk accompanied with low risk in the midstream, and high risk in the downstream” was observed. ② The ecosystem service value showed a slight increase from 1990 to 2020 of 8.66 billion yuan, with an annual growth rate of 0.06%. Regulation service accounted for 66.8% of the increase and support service accounted for 22.2%. A spatial pattern of “medium-high values in the upstream mountainous area, medium-high and low values in the middle reaches, and low values in the downstream” was observed. ③ Changes in ecosystem service value and ecological risk were negatively correlated. Low ecosystem service value was associated with high ecological risk, while high ecosystem service value was associated with low ecological risk. The significance of the correlations decreased before 2005 and increased after 2005. [Conclusion] Greater attention should be given to the system integrity of the Hanjiang eco-economic belt, and organic coordinated development within the basin should be strengthened. Additionally, greater attention should given to protecting biodiversity in the upstream region and to strengthening the control of ecological space use in the downstream region so as to comprehensively improve the ecosystem service value of the economic belt.

ZnO/graphene and ZnO/stellerite composite photocatalysts were prepared through a facile hydrothermal-calcination processing with zinc acetate,urea,natural stellerite and graphene.The composition,morphology,specific surface area,pore size distribution and light absorption properties of prepared composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM),X-ray diffraction (XRD),nitrogen adsorption/desorption and UV-visible diffused reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS).It was found that the prepared photocatalysts ZnO/stellerite and ZnO/graphene had wurtzite ZnO phase morphology with ZnO paticle sizes of 22.42 nm and 15.72 nm.SBET of composites were 16.54 m2/g and 35.55 m2/g respectively.3D structure between ZnO and graphene resulted in the response to visible light region,reduced recombination of free charges,and enhanced interface charge transfer.The disinfection action towards Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) under solar light showed that the optimal amount of ZnO/graphene was 100 mg/L.ZnO/graphene exhibited significantly enhanced photocatalytic disinfection efficiency than ZnO/stellerite powders,and disinfection rate up to 1.17 h-1 is 1.31 times that of ZnO/stellerite composite.

The waveforms used in Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) should have a large time-bandwidth product and good ambiguity function performance. A scheme to design multiple orthogonal MIMO SAR Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) chirp waveforms by combinational sparse matrix and correlation optimization is proposed. First, the problem of MIMO SAR waveform design amounts to the associated design of hopping frequency and amplitudes. Then a iterative exhaustive search algorithm is adopted to optimally design the code matrix with the constraints minimizing the block correlation coefficient of sparse matrix and the sum of cross-correlation peaks. And the amplitudes matrix are adaptively designed by minimizing the cross-correlation peaks with the genetic algorithm. Additionally, the impacts of waveform number, hopping frequency interval and selectable frequency index are also analyzed. The simulation results verify the proposed scheme can design multiple orthogonal large time-bandwidth product OFDM chirp waveforms with low cross-correlation peak and sidelobes and it improves ambiguity performance.

Ferritic-martensitic steel is a kind of steel with excellent anti-radiation properties， which is one of superior candidate materials for structural components of the new generation of nuclear reactors with high radiation doses. The harsh service environment requires that ferritic-martensitic steel has good comprehensive mechanical properties， suitable grain size and few internal defects. In this paper， the effects of normalizing and tempering heat treatment on mechanical properties and microstructure evolution of new composition ferritic-martensitic steel were studied. At the same time， the ThermoCalc software is used to calculate the volume proportion of different phase states and compare it with the experimental results， it finds that the calculated results of the two-phase ratio change are highly consistent with the experimental results.After normalizing treatment， the tensile strength and yield strength of the material are mainly affected by the ratio of two phases. The results show high-martensitic steel treated with 1 080 ℃ normalizing + 670 ℃ tempering heat has a tensile strength of 903 MPa and yield strength of 732 MPa， showing the best comprehensive performance of the materials.

Objective To investigate the predictive function of miR-200c level in peripheral blood on acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Methods Fifty-one patients who received allo-HSCT in hematology department of our hospital from January 2014 to October 2018 were selected as the research subjects. According to the principle of whether agVHD occurred after transplantation, 33 patients were in the experimental group (with aGVHD) and 18 patients were in the control group (without aGVHD). RT-qPCR was used to detect miR-200c in two groups and the differences in miR-200c expression between the two groups were analyzed. Results The transplantation was successful in both groups, and the hematopoietic function was restored. The recovery time was 18 days, among which 33 patients developed aGVHD and 18 patients did not develop aGVHD, with an incidence of 64.71%. The expression of miR-200c in experimental group was lower than that in control group before transplantation and 7, 14, and 72 d after transplantation (P＜0.05). MiR-200c in peripheral blood after the occurrence of aGVHD was significantly lower than that before the occurrence(P＜0.001). Compared with aGVHD Ⅱ, the expression of miR-200c in peripheral blood of aGVHD Ⅱ patients was down-regulated (P＜0.05); as compared with aGVHD Ⅲ patients, the expression of miR-200c in peripheral blood of aGVHD Ⅲ patients was down-regulated (P＜0.001); the 2-year survival rate in the high expression group of miR-200c was higher than that in the low expression group (P＜0.05). Conclusions The reduced level of miR-200c is associated with the occurrence of aGVHD after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. With the increase of the severity of aGVHD the expression level of miR-200c is decreased, and the survival rate of patients with low miR-200c expression is low, so the expression of miR-200 is a potential marker for early diagnosis and prediction of aGVHD.

BackgroundSleep disorders are commonin RICU patients, with mechanical ventilation as one of the important factors leading to sleep disorders in RICU patients. Previous studies have mainly focused on the effect of invasive positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) on sleep in RICU patients, but there is no study on the effect of polysomnography on sleep in RICU patients with non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) .ObjectiveTo evaluate patients' sleep disorders and the effect of NIPPV on sleep in patients in respiratory intensive care unitsby overnight polysomnography.MethodsThe clinical data of 31 patients who underwent overnight polysomnography in the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Peking University First Hospital from May 2012 to August 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical data〔sex, age, height, body mass index, APACHEⅡscore, underlying diseases, main diagnosis, white blood cell count, hemoglobin, serum albumin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) , arterial blood gas analysis, respiratory failure classification, total length of hospital stay, length of stay in RICU, RICU stay in the past 6 months, death during hospitalization〕, sleep characteristics 〔respiratory events: apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) , respiratory disturbance index (RDI) , total detection time, total sleep time, sleep latency, sleep efficiency, sleep stage: time, latency and proportion of REM and NREM, pulse oxygen: minimum pulse oxygen, average pulse oxygen during sleep, heart rate: minimum heart rate, maximum heart rate〕 of patients were collected. The patients were divided into NIPPV group and control group (non-NIPPV group) according to whether NIPPV treatment was performed during overnight polysomnography, and the clinical data and sleep characteristics of the two groups were compared.ResultsThere were 15 cases in the NIPPV group and 16 cases in the control group. Compared with the control group, the total sleep time (P=0.028) , REM sleep time (P=0.034) , NREM time (P=0.003) and N2 sleep time (P=0.003) were shortened in the NIPPV group, while the sleep efficiency (P=0.038) decreased, and the average heart rate increased (P=0.028) .ConclusionSleep disturbance is a common problem in RICU patients, and NIPPV patients are more likely to lead to decreased total sleep time, decreased REM sleep, and decreased sleep efficiency. It is recommended that RICU patients be routinely assessed with overnight polysomnography and given appropriate intervention to conduct appropriate interventions.

Objective: To investigate the effect of pemphigus vulgaris (PV) serum on expression of Desmoglein (Dsg)1, Dsg3 and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP) 9 in HaCaT cells, and its pathogenic role in acantholysis. Method: This study included four experimental groups, i.e., normal control group, healthy-serum group, PV-serum group, anti-Dsg3 monoclonal antibody group (positive group). Human HaCaT cells were cultured with high-glucose DMEM medium containing 5% PV serum, followed by extraction of RNA and protein for Q-PCR and Western Blot analyses, respectively. In addition, immunostaining was used to assess expression of Dsg1, Dsg3 and MMP-9 in keratinocytes. Results: In addition to elevations in expression levels of respective protein, culture of HaCaT cells with 5% PV-serum increased expression levels of mRNA for Dsg1, Dsg3 and MMP-9 by 432%, 402% and 402%, respectively. Likewise, incubation of HaCaT cells with anti-Dsg3 monoclonal antibody increased expression levels of mRNA for Dsg1, Dsg3 and MMP-9 by 495%, 488% and 604%, respectively (P

Objective To analyze the forensic characteristics of 24 psychiatric patients who died of long-term use of psychotropic drugs. Methods Cases of sudden death of psychiatric patients from 2011 to 2016 were collected. The forensic characteristics of these sudden deaths were retrospectively analyzed by systematic investigation plus results of autopsy and toxics （drugs）. Results Among the 24 psychiatric patients who died of long-term use of psychotropic substances, the ratio of male to female was 1.7∶1, and the average age was （59.0±8.8） years. Fifteen patients had clear disease durations （14.4±8.2） years, and other the nine were known to have disease durations of over 3 years. The death time of 62.5% of patients was the daytime in working days, and 91.7% of the patients died at home. Most patients complained different degrees of physical discomfort before death. Patients with schizophrenia （20 cases） were the most common, followed by depression （4 cases）. All patients had the history of taking psychotropic drugs, with clozapine and chlorpromazine being the mostly detected ones. The causes of death were mainly circulatory diseases （15 cases）, with the most common being myocarditis （11 cases） followed by pneumonia （4 cases）. Conclusion Critical attention should be paid to the risk of antipsychotics-induced sudden unexpected deaths for psychiatric patients, particularly for those with schizophrenia.

Objective: To investigate the regulatory effect and mechanism of DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3a) in hydroquinone-induced hematopoietic stem cell toxicity., Methods: Cells (HSPC-1) were divided into 4 groups, that is A: normal HSPC-1; B: HQ-intervented HSPC-1; C: group B + pcDNA3 empty vector; D: group B + pcDNA3- DNMT3a. RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression levels of DNMT3a and PARP-1 mRNA and protein, respectively. Cell morphology was observe; Cell viability and apoptosis rate of HSPC-1 were detected by MTT and flow cytometry, respectively., Results: Compared with group A, the expression levels of DNMT3a mRNA and protein in HSPC-1 of group B were decreased, while PARP-1 mRNA and protein were increased (P<0.05); there was no significant difference in the above indexes between group C and group B; compared with group B, the expression levels of DNMT3a mRNA and protein showed increased, while PARP-1 mRNA and protein were decreased significantly in cells of group D transfected with DNMT3a (P<0.05). Cells in each group were transfected with DNMT3a and cultured for 24 h, HSPC-1 in group A showed high density growth and mononuclear fusion growth, while the number of HSPC-1 in group B and C decreased and grew slowly. Compared with group B and C, the cell growth rate of group D was accelerated. The MTT analysis showed that cell viability of HSPC-1 in group B were lower than that of group A at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h (P<0.05); after transfected with DNMT3a, the cell viability of HSPC-1 in group D were higher than that of group B at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h (P<0.05). The apoptosis rate of cells in group B was significantly higher than that of group A (P<0.001), while the apoptosis rate in group D was lower than that of group B (P<0.001)., Conclusion: DNMT3a may be involved in the damage of hematopoietic stem cells induced by hydroquinone, which may be related to the regulation of PARP-1 activity by hydroquinone-inhibited DNMT3a.

Objective: To investigate the effect of silencing DNA methyltransferase 1(DNMT1) to the methylation of the promoter of the tumor suppressor gene wnt-1 (WIF-1) in human chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells., Methods: DNMT1 siRNAi plasmid was constructed and DNMT1 siRNAi was transfected into CML K562 cells. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of DNMT1 gene and related protein, and methylation PCR was used to detect WIF-1 gene promoter methylation level. The trypan blue exclusion and MTT assay were used to detect the cell proliferation, flow cytometry were used to detect the cell apoptosis rate, colony formation assay was used to detect cell colony formation ability. Expression of Wnt/β- catenin and its downstream signaling pathway proteins were detected by Western blot after DNMT1 gene was silenced., Results: The expression level of DNMT1 mRNA and its related protein in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group and negative control group (P<0.05). After 72 hours of successful transfection, the WIF-1 gene in the control group and negative control group were completely methylated, while in the experimental group, the methylation level significantly decreased. The results of MSP showed that the PCR product amplified by the unmethylated WIF-1 primer in the experimental group increased significantly,while by the methylated WIF-1 primer decreased significantly. After 48 h of transfection, the OD value, viable cell number and colony formation of the cells in experimental group were significantly lower than those in the negative control group and the control group (P<0.05). The apoptosis rate of the cells in experimental group was significantly higher than those in the negative control group and control group (P<0.05). The expression levels of β- actin, myc, cyclin D1 and TCF-1 in K562 cells in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the negative control group and control group (P<0.05)., Conclusion: Silencing DNMT1 gene can inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of K562 cells. The mechanism may be related to reverse the hypermethylation level of the WIF-1 gene promoter, thereby inhibit the activity of the Wnt/β- catenin signaling pathway.

Objective: To investigate the biological effects and mechanism of WNK1 on K562 cells through regulating MAPK7., Methods: Cells were routinely cultured in vitro, the expression of WNK1 and MAPK7 in different blood tumor cell lines was analyzed by RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis.K562 cells were transfected with siRNA-WNK1 lentivirus.The effect of WNK1 on K562 cell proliferation was analyzed by using CCK-8 reagent.And K562 cell apoptosis was analyzed by using flow cytometry. The expression level of phosphorylated MAPK7 protein and total MAPK7 protein in K562 cells was analyzed by Western blot., Results: The mRNA and protein of WNK1 were highly expressed in HL60, THP-1, U266 and K562 cells, however, the expressions were the highest in K562 cells (P<0.05), while the changes of mRNA and protein expressions of MAPK7 were not significantly in HL60, THP-1, U266 and K562 cells (P>0.05), but the phosphorylated MAPK7 expression was the highest in K562 cells (P<0.05). Proliferation of K562 cells transfected by WNK siRNA was significantly suppressed, and apoptosis was obviously increased (P<0.05). And the pMAPK7 protein expression in K562 cells transfected by WNK1 siRNA significantly decreased (P<0.05), however, the total MAPK7 protein expression in K562 cells showed no obvious change (P>0.05)., Conclusion: WNK1 is highly expressed in K562 cells, which can promote the proliferation of K562 cells and reduce apoptosis probably by promoting phosphorylation of its downstream MAPK7.

Migration and variation of odorous compounds as geosmin, 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) and residual chlorine in drinking water taken from Huangpu River were studied by using headspace solid phase microextraction procedure (HSPME) and gas chromatograph with mass spectrometry. The results showed that, raw water, processed water, pipe water (taken from pump station) and secondary-supply water all contained MIB and geosmin ranging from 2 ng/L to 18 ng/L and 2.68 ng/L to 5.06 ng/L respectively and decreased dramatically during the water processing and distribution system. MIB is proved to be a kind of the odorous compounds in drinking water of Shanghai by comparing the concentrations of MIB and GSM with their odor threshold. The concentration of residual chlorine declined greatly in the distribution system, but because of the high value at the outlet of waterworks, it still may exceeded the influence of MIB and cause the odour problems.