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Objective To evaluate the effects of total intravenous anesthesia on the circadian rhythms in the patients undergoing cardiac transcatheter closure. Methods Thirty patients undergoing cardiac transcatheter closure under elective intravenous anesthesia were included in this study.Paired t -tests were performed to compare the mRNA levels of the genes encoding circadian locomotor output cycles kaput(CLOCK),brain and muscle ARNT-1 like protein-1(BMAL1),cryptochrome 1(CRY1),and period circadian clock 2(PER2),the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire(MCTQ)score,and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)score before and after anesthesia.Multiple stepwise regression analysis was performed to screen the factors influencing sleep chronotype and PSQI total score one week after surgery. Results The postoperative mRNA level of CLOCK was higher [1.38±1.23 vs .1.90±1.47; MD (95% CI ):0.52(0.20-0.84), t =3.327, P =0.002] and the postoperative mRNA levels of CRY1 [1.56±1.50 vs .1.13±0.98; MD (95% CI ):-0.43(-0.81--0.05), t =-2.319, P =0.028] and PER2 [0.82±0.63 vs .0.50±0.31; MD (95% CI ):-0.33(-0.53--0.12), t =-3.202, P =0.003] were lower than the preoperative levels.One week after surgery,the patients presented advanced sleep chronotype [3:03±0:59 vs .2:42±0:37; MD (95% CI ):-21(-40--1), t =-2.172, P =0.038],shortened sleep latency [(67±64)min vs .(37±21)min; MD (95% CI ):-30.33(-55.28--5.39), t =-2.487, P =0.019],lengthened sleep duration [(436±83)min vs .(499±83)min; MD (95% CI ):62.80(26.93-98.67), t =3.581, P =0.001],increased sleep efficiency [(87.59±10.35)% vs .(92.98±4.27)%; MD (95% CI ):5.39(1.21-9.58), t =2.636, P =0.013],decreased sleep quality score [1.13±0.78 vs .0.80±0.71; MD (95% CI ):-0.33(-0.62--0.05), t =-2.408, P =0.023],and declined PSQI total score [6.60±3.17 vs .4.03±2.58; MD (95% CI ):-2.57(-3.87--1.27), t =-4.039, P <0.001].Body mass index(BMI)( B =-227.460, SE =95.475, t =-2.382, P =0.025),anesthesia duration( B =-47.079, SE =18.506, t =-2.544, P =0.017),and mRNA level of PER2( B =2815.804, SE =1080.183, t =2.607, P =0.015)collectively influenced the sleep chronotype,and the amount of anesthesia medicine( B =0.067, SE =0.028, t =2.385, P =0.024)independently influenced the PSQI one week after surgery. Conclusion Total intravenous anesthesia can improve sleep habits by advancing sleep chronotype.BMI,anesthesia duration,and mRNA level of PER2 collectively influence sleep chronotype one week after surgery.The amount of anesthesia medicine independently influences the PSQI total score one week after surgery.

Objective: To investigate the effect and comfort of using a distant-image screen for reading and learning. Methods: It was a prospective cross-over study. Thirty-nine volunteers, including 13 males and 26 females, aged (26.4±4.5) years (20 to 37 years), were recruited from Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University in July 2021. The volunteers read the digital correction table printed on paper and displayed on a distant-image screen in a random order and rest in an interval of 2 hours. Reading speed, efficiency and accuracy of using the two devices were recorded, and the changes of logMAR vision, diopter, flicker fusion frequency and visual fatigue score after reading were calculated. Comparison of the quantitative data was performed using the paired t -test. Results: The speed, accuracy and efficiency were (41.2±11.6) digit groups/min, 80.7%±13.3% and (32.4±7.4) digit groups/min in reading on paper, (41.7±11.1) digit groups/min, 76.4%±12.6% and (31.1±6.4) digit groups/min in reading from screen, respectively. There was no significant difference in reading speed ( t =-0.462, P =0.648) and reading efficiency ( t =1.954, P =0.058), but there was significant difference in reading accuracy ( t = 2.226, P =0.032). The logMAR visual acuity of right eye and left eye decreased by 0.014±0.032 and 0.013±0.050 after reading on paper, but increased by 0.007±0.033 and 0.007±0.036 after reading from screen, respectively. The difference was significant (right eye, t =2.592, P =0.013; left eye, t =2.154, P =0.038). The myopia degree of right eye and left eye increased by (0.07±0.29) D and (0.06±0.24) D after reading on paper, and increased by (0.01±0.29) D and (0.02±0.28) D after reading from screen, respectively. The flicker fusion frequency decreased by (0.1±1.0) Hz after reading on paper, but increased by (0.3±1.2) Hz after reading from screen. There was no significant difference ( P >0.05). The subjective scale score of visual fatigue increased in both groups, with no statistically significant difference ( t =1.165, P =0.251). Conclusion: The use of a distant-image screen for reading and learning does not affect the reading efficiency or increase the visual fatigue, and can avoid the decline of visual acuity caused by near viewing compared with using the printed matter.

Background & Objective: SHEN QI JIN KANG (SQJK) capsule is a complex preparation, consisting of effective components extracted from radix astragali, ginseng, curcuma, etc. It has been demonstrated to be able to decrease tumor volume, increase life quality and prolong survival time in clinic application. The study was to investigate the antitumor effects of SQJK capsule in vivo and in vitro, and further explore the possible mechanisms., Methods: The proliferation of cancer cells treated with SQJK was measured by MTT assay in twelve cell lines; cell apoptosis was observed under an electric microscopic and detected by flow cytometry in MCF-7 and MA891 cells; altered telomerase activity in A549 cells was examined by a telomerase activity detection kit. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of SQJK on tumors was also surveyed in vivo by using mice and nude mice models bearing transplanted tumors., Results: Inhibitory concentration 50% (IC(50)) of SQJK on A549, U251, MCF-7, Ketr-3, EJ, and A2780 cells was 30.954 microg/ml, 31.746 microg/ml, 37.220 microg/ml, 40.366 microg/ml, 41.398 microg/ml, and 45.083 microg/ml, respectively. Typical sub-G1 peaks, indicating the occurrence of apoptosis, were revealed in MA891and MCF-7 cells treated with SQJK. Morphological changes including cell shrinkage and condensation of chromosomes were observed. The telomerase activity of A549 was inhibited after 48 h of SQJK treatment. SQJK 1.8 g/kg inhibited the weights of transplanted tumors (MA891, H22, S180 in mice and PC-3 (M), MCF-7 and Ketr-3 in nude mice) by 50.84%, 48.91%, 40.88%, 62.50%, 47.83% and 30.06%, while SQJK 3.6 g/kg inhibited the weights by 56.49%, 59.62%, 55.70%, 70.76%, 58.66% and 50.18%, respectively., Conclusion: SQJK has demonstrated antitumor bioactivity both in vitro and in vivo, which may be related to its effects of inducing apoptosis and decreasing telomerase activity.

Objective: To investigate the effects of compound preparation of Cordyceps sinensis and Tripterygium hypoglaucum (CSTHC) on survival time of grafted pigskin after allogeneic transplantation and its mechanism., Methods: The pigskin was treated with CSTHC solution before allogeneic transplantation, and CSTHC ointment was applied for external use on the grafted pigskin after skin transplantation. Cyclosporine A (CsA) and normal saline were served as control. The survival time, the appearance and the histomorphological changes of the grafted pigskin were observed. The histomorphological changes of testicles in pigs were also examined. The CD4 and CD8 expressions in the grafted pigskins were measured by immunohistochemical method. The white blood cell count in peripheral blood and the liver and renal functions were also examined., Results: The survival time of the grafted pigskin in the CSTHC-treated group was (28.50+/-3.26)d, which was much longer as compared with (10.60+/-1.52)d in the untreated group (P<0.01). The survival time of the grafted pigskin in the CsA-treated group was (28.33+/-3.50)d, and there was no remarkable difference in the survival time of the grafted pigskin between the CsA-treated group and the CSTHC-treated group. The expressions of CD4 and CD8 were lower in the CSTHC-treated group than those in the untreated group on the 7th and 14th day after skin graft (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in the indices between the CSTHC-treated group and the CsA-treated group. The WBC count was higher in the untreated group than that in the CSTHC-treated group or CsA-treated group on the 7th day after skin graft (P<0.05)., Conclusion: CSTHC can prolong the survival time of allogeneic grafted pigskin. Its mechanism of inhibiting the immunological rejection may relate to decreasing the expressions of CD4(+) and CD8(+) in the grafted pigskin and reducing the local inflammatory reaction.

Objective: To summarize the experience in laparoscopic resection of true pancreatic cyst., Methods: Five patients with true pancreatic cyst, including 1 case of pancreatic head cyst and 4 cases of distal pancreatic cyst, underwent laparoscopic resection. Among them one case with pancreatic head cyst and 4 cases of distal pancreatic cyst underwent simple laparoscopic cyst resection and one case of distal pancreatic cyst underwent laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy with resection of the spleen. The curative effects were evaluated. A follow-up lasting 2 approximately 33 months was conducted., Results: All operations were successful with intraoperative blood loss of 50 to 150 ml. The patients could get up and move about 6 hours after the operation and were recovered and discharged 4 to 6 days later. Follow-up showed that all symptoms disappeared and no recurrence of cyst occurred., Conclusion: Laparoscopic resection of true pancreatic cyst is feasible with the advantages of reduced injury and earlier recovery.

The total plasma protein S levels in 35 normal persons and 26 pregnant women were examined, using the immunoelectrophoresis method. The results showed a considerably lower level of total plasma protein S in the pregnant women than in the non-pregnant (94.9 +/- 18.4%/107.8 +/- 16.9%, P less than 0.05), but no significant difference existed between the normal men and women (P greater than 0.05). Moreover, a significant decrease was observed in the free plasma protein S with cofactor activity, in the pregnant women. This decline may be involved in the acceleration of the hypercoagulative state and the risk of thrombosis in the pregnant women.