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Background Cirrhosis is a chronic consumption disease, whose impact on patients' physical function and nutritional status has been increasingly valued by the academic community. It is helpful to promote the innovation and development in nutrition for cirrhosis in China by reviewing the hotspots in global research on nutrition for cirrhosis periodically. Objective To perform a bibliometric and visualized review of the development, hotspots, and trends of studies on nutrition for cirrhosis published from 1991 to 2021, providing a reference for future studies related to nutrition in cirrhosis. Methods The studies about nutrition in cirrhosis published during 1991-2021 were searched from the database of Web of Science. Collaboration and co-occurrence network analyses supported by CiteSpace were used for data mining and visualization analysis of countries, institutions, authors, keywords, and burst keywords relevant to studies of nutrition in cirrhosis . Results A total of 1 520 studies were finally included, the yearly number of these studies demonstrated a wave-like growth during the period of 1991-2021, in particular, it exceeded 100 in 2020 and 2021. The U.S. ranked first in terms of the number of published studies (424) and intermediary centrality value (0.32). As for institutions, Mayo Clinic (the U.S.) ranked first in terms of the number of published studies (25) and intermediary centrality value (0.08), followed by Gifu University (Japan), Cleveland Clinic (the U.S.), and Aarhus University Hospital (Denmark). Inter-institutional collaborative networks were formed in the U.S., with Mayo Clinic and Cleveland Clinic, as the core, and in Europe, with Charite (Germany) and Karolinska Institute (Sweden) as the core. A total of 891 authors were included in the collaborative network, represented by TANDON P and KAWAGUCHI T. High-frequency keywords included nutritional status, liver transplantation, and body composition. Sarcopenia was the keyword with the strongest citation bursts (strength 26.170 9) . Conclusion Nutritional assessment, liver transplantation and body composition may be hot topics in research on nutrition in cirrhosis. And the pathophysiological mechanisms of malnutrition and nutritional management in patients with cirrhosis and sarcopenia may be foci of future research.

Spatial optical sensor & detector is an important component or type of a spacecraft, but the abundant existing spatial charged particle would cause background noise and performance degradation to the sensor & detector, affecting space exploration task. Currently, there lacks quantitative evaluation method for the impact of spatial charged particle. Besides, there is limitation for the widely used mass shielding, permanent magnet deflection and anticoincidence technology in shielding spatial charged particle. So, this paper reviews the researches about the problem, and provides a novel design thought about spatial charged particle shielding system for spatial optical sensor & detector based on electric & magnetic complex field.

In order to solve problems of deformed model, limited collected data, complex operation, low efficiency and so on existed in measuring similar material model by use of traditional physical or mechanical measuring methods, the paper introduced a method of collecting and extracting point-cloud data of similar material model. The method adopts XJTUOM 3D white-light surface scanning system to collect point-cloud data of similar material model and point-cloud pre-processing software of the system to put the collected point-cloud data together and in order, then uses Geomagic Studio point-cloud processing software to extract pre-processed point-cloud data. The experimental result showed that the method can collect a large number of point-cloud data and has high measuring efficiency and precision of point-cloud data collection and procession and strong anti-interference capability.

Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of decitabine combined with CAG regimen in the treat-ment of newly diagnosed elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML)., Methods: Fourty-nine patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (except M3) who were admitted to our hospital were selected. All the patients were older than 50 years old, and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation could not be performed for various reasons. Decitabine-based chemotherapy regimens were used during induction therapy including single decitabine therapy(DAC), decitabine combined with CAG regimen(DAC-CAG) and decitabine combined with HAAG regimen(DAC-HAAG). Most of patients continued to use the original treatment after complete remission, while others were given the standard "3+7" regimen chemotherapy. A total of 2-4 courses of treatment was conducted in the majority of patients., Results: All of the 49 patients completed the induction therapy, in which 26 cases achieved complete remission(CR), 7 cases achieved partial remission(PR) and no response(NR) existed in 16 cases. The complete remission and the overall response rate(ORR) were 53% and 67% respectively. The overall response rate of DAC group, DAC-CAG group and DAC-HAAG group were 17%, 77% and 63% respectively. 14 patients were infected and 1 patients died of pulmonary infection during the induction therapy. The median number of suspended red blood cells and platelet infused were 9 units and 69 units respectively. Neutrophil recovery time was 15.1 days while the platelet recovery time was 20.1 days during the induction therapy. The mean follow-up time was 21 months. Overall survival(OS) was 75% at 6 months, 30% at 1 year, and 26% at 2 year, while disease-free survival(DFS) was 83% at 3 months, 54% at 1 year, and 47% at 2 year. The induction therapy could reach CR that was an independent prognostic factor, however, the initial white blood cell count, platelet count, age, chemotherapy regimen, prognostic stratification and whether complical by pnenmonia during chemotherapy were not independent prognostic factors., Conclusion: The induction efficacy of decitabine combined with chemotherapy is superior to that of decitabine alone. The outcome of induction chemotherapy is an independent prognostic factor, however, the high white blood cell count, poor karyotype, complications and AML with myelodysplasia-related changes do not affect long-term survival. DAC-CAG regimen is effective and have relatively few adverse reactions in AML. It is suitable for the patients who are ineligible for conventional chemotherapy.

This study was purposed to construct prokaryotic expression vector and to investigate the expression of Notch ligand Jagged1 in E.coli. An expression vector pET-hJagged1 was constructed, which can be inserted in Jagged1 with different lengths, but the DSL domain of human Jagged1 should be contained. Then the recombinant plasmids were transformed into the competent cell of E.coli BL21, and the expression of the fusion protein was induced by IPTG. Fusion protein was purified from the supernatant of cell lysates via the Nickel affinity chromatography. The results showed that prokaryotic expression vectors pET-hJagged1 (Bgl II), pET-hJagged1 (Hind I) and pET-hJagged1 (Stu I) were successfully constructed, but only pET-hJagged1 (Stu I) could express the soluble TRX-hJagged1. The purified TRX-Jagged1 protein could be obtained via the Nickel affinity chromatography, and then confirmed by Western Blot. It is concluded that prokaryotic expression vector pET-hJagged1 is successfully constructed, but only pET-hJagged1 (Stu I) can express the soluble TRX-hJagged1 and the TRX-Jagged1 fusion protein is obtained through the prokaryotic expression system, which laid a solid foundation for further to explore the effects of Jagged1 in hematopoietic and lymphoid system.

Aim: To prepare and identify the human single-chain Fv (scFv) antibody to hepatitis C virus(HCV) NS5B., Methods: After the peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected from HCV patients, the single-chain antibody Fv library was constructed by amplifying the whole variable region of heavy chain(V(H);) and variable region of light chain(V(L);). Targeting NS5B, the scFv gene was cloned into pET16b, and then transfected into BL21 cells. The scFv was induced to express in the cells. Sequencing and analysis of the scFv were performed., Results: The single-chain antibody Fv library was successfully constructed; two scFvs with higher binding activity were expressed; the sequencing result showed that the scFv was consistent with the expectation., Conclusion: Preparation of the human scFv antibody to HCV NS5B provides a basis for immunotherapy to HCV.

The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of CEP plus G-CSF and CVP plus G-CSF regimens in the mobilization and collection of peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells (PBHSC), and in the hematopoietic recovery. 57 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) underwent autologous PBHSC transplantation were analyzed retrospectively. The PBHSC were mobilized and collected by using CEP plus G-CSF and CVP plus G-CSF respectively, and were retransfused into these NHL patients after preconditioning, then the mobilization efficacy, adverse reactions and hematopoietic recovery were analyzed. The results showed that the WBC count decreased to ≤ 1.0 × 10(9)/L, platelet amount dropped to ≤ 40 × 10(9)/L during peripheral blood stem cell mobilization of all patients, which indicated successful collection of PBHSC. The mean value of (4.38 ± 3.40) × 10(8)/kg mononuclear cells (MNC) containing (2.79 ± 2.53) × 10(6)/kg CD34(+) cells were collected in CEP plus G-CSF group, while the mean value of (3.31 ± 1.23) × 10(8)/kg MNC containing (2.02 ± 0.87) × 10(6)/kg CD34(+) cells were collected in CVP plus G-CSF group. The efficacy of mobilization in CEP plus G-CSF group was significantly higher than that in CVP plus G-CSF group (p < 0.05). After preconditioning, bone marrow was suppressed in all patients. The average time of WBC count recovery to ≥ 1.0 × 10(9)/L was 11.4 days in CEP plus G-CSF group and 12.3 days in CVP plus G-CSF group; the average time of platelet amount recovery to ≥ 50 × 10(9)/L was 18.6 days in CEP plus G-CSF group and 19.3 days in CVP plus G-CSF group. The statistical analysis showed no significant difference in the average time of hematopoietic recovery between 2 groups. It is concluded that autologous PBHSC transplantation shows significant effect for treatment of patients with NHL. Either modified CEP or CVP plus G-CSF regimen is safe and effective in PBHSC mobilization. The CEP plus G-CSF regimen is better than CVP plus G-CSF regimen.

Aim: To Preparation and characterization the monoclonal antibody (mAb)to PTD-bcr/abl fusion protein., Methods: The PTD-bcr/abl fusion protein was expressed in E.coli. BALB/c mice were immunized with specific PTD-bcr/abl. The splenic cells of the mice were fused with Sp2/0 mouse myeloma cells. The hybridoma culture supernatants were screened by indirect ELISA. The property of the antibody was identified by Western blot and immunohistochemistry., Results: The PTD-bcr/abl fusion protein and its mAb were obtained. mAb against PTD-bcr/abl displayed strong specifility and high affinity., Conclusion: An anti-PTD-bcr/abl fusion protein mAb with high affinity was abtained, which could be applied to the research of PTD-bcr/abl.

Objective: To study the effect of nonmyeloablative allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell (NST) transplantation combined with imatinib in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)., Methods: Ten CML patients, 5 males and 5 females, aged 21-41, 3 in chronic phase (CP), 4 in accelerated phase (AP) and 3 in blast crisis phase (BP), were treated with imatinib (400-1500 mg/d) before (n = 10) and/or after (n = 6) NST transplantation. The donors were HLA-identical (n = 4), 5/6 antigen-matched (n = 2), 4/6 antigen-matched (n = 2), 3/6 antigen-matched (n = 1) siblings or haplo-identical mothers (n = 2). The preparative regimen included cytoxin (CTX), Ara-C, and fludarabine combined with antithymocyte globulin (ATG) or anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis consisted of cyclosporine (CSA) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), or with low-dose methotrexate (MTX) or zenapax., Results: All the 10 patients showed donor cell chimerism at different degree: three had full chimerism (> 95%) and seven mixed chimerism (44%-95%). Mixed chimerism in 6 cases had been transformed into full chimerism during 1.5-10 months after NST transplantation through immunosuppressive agent withdrawal, donor peripheral blood stem cell/donor lymphocyte infusion or treatment of imatinib. The time needed for increase of the number of neutrophils to more than 0.5 x 10(9)/L was 16 d days (10-21 days). The time needed for increase of the number of platelets more than 20 x 10(9)/L was 10 days (4-15 days). 6 cases had I-II degrees acute and chronic GVHD of skin. 2 case had III-IV degrees chronic GVHD. 2 cases died of transplantation-related complication 27 and 45 days after transplantation respectively. One patient died of III-IV degrees cGVHD. Seven patients remained alive after a median follow-up of 14.5 months (7-23 months). The time needed for bcr/abl becoming negative was 33-130 days. None case relapsed during the following-up., Conclusion: An effective and safer method for CML, especially advanced CML treatment of NST transplantation combined with imatinib before and after transplantation reduces the leukemic cell load before transplantation, inhibits the proliferation of residual leukemic cells, promotes full chimerism change and enhanced the effect of graft versus leukemia.

Objective: To study the activating effect of protein transduction domain (PTD) mediated BCR/ABL protein on T cells from CML patients., Methods: The plasmid containing PTD and b3a2 bcr/abl of CML was constructed by genetic engineering and expressed in E. coli. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells from CML patients were stimulated in vitro with purified PTD-BCR/ABL protein and the expression of the early activation antigen CD(69) on CD(8)(+) and CD(4)(+) T cells was detected by flow cytometry (FCM)., Results: The optimal concentration of PTD-BCR/ABL protein for activating CD(8)(+) T cells in vitro was 100 micro g/ml, CD(69) expression peaked in three days stimulation. CD(8)(+) T cells were activated in 10 of 15 CML patients, the expression rate of CD(69) was (15.01 +/- 3.75)%. CD(4)(+) T cells were activated in 4 of 15 patients, the expression rate of CD(69) was (10.32 +/- 3.08)%. Both CD(8)(+) and CD(4)(+) T cells were activated simultaneously in 3 of them. However, neither CD(4)(+) nor CD(8)(+) T cells was activated by stimulation with BCR/ABL protein in all 15 specimens, the expression rate of CD(69) on CD(8)(+) and CD(4)(+) T cells was (1.36 +/- 0.31)% and (1.41 +/- 0.43)%, respectively. There was no difference compared with that of PBS control group (P > 0.05)., Conclusion: By using a PTD-mediated antigen delivering system, exogenous BCR/ABL protein can be delivered into APC, processed and presented onto surface of APC to activate Ag-specific CD(8)(+) and CD(4)(+) T cells in vitro.

Aim: To study the activation effect of BCR/ABL antigen on T cells from CML patients mediated by protein transduction domain (PTD)., Methods: The fused plasmid containing PTD gene and b3a2 bcr/abl gene of CML was constructed by genetic engineering technique and was expressed in E.coli. The PBMCs from CML patients were stimulated in-vitro with purified PTD-BCR/ABL antigen and then expression of the activation antigen CD25 on CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells after stimulation was detected by flow cytometry (FCM)., Results: After stimulation with 100 mg/L of PTD-BCR/ABL antigen (final concentration) for 4 days in-vitro, CD8(+) T cells were activated in 5 of 10 CML patients and CD4(+) T cells were activated in 2 of 10 patients. Both CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells were activated simultaneously in one of them. However, neither CD4(+) nor CD8(+) T cells was activated in BCR/ABL antigen stimulation group as control., Conclusion: Using a PTD-mediated antigen transduction system, exogenous BCR/ABL antigen can be transferred into APCs and be processed and presented onto surface of APCs to activate Ag-specific CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells in-vitro. The strategy outlined in this paper may provide a new approach for priming Ag-specific CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells in-vitro and immunotherapy of CML.

202 cases of male infertility were treated with Shengjing Pill. After treatment, quantity and quality of sperm were significantly improved (P < 0.001), levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone (T) were enhanced to normal in 96 patients (P < 0.001), levels of anti-sperm-antibody was reduced to normal in 45 cases (P < 0.001), of 148 follow-ups. Their 116 spouses became pregnant and have borne 108 well-developed babies.