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Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are ectopic lymphoid structures found in non-lymphoid tissues under chronic inflammatory conditions in recent years. Similar to lymph nodes, TLS primarily consist of B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and dendritic cells. TLS are also the direct sites where antitumor immune responses are initiated. Within tumors, TLS promote the aggregation of immune cells, particularly effector T cells and B cells, to the tumor microenvironment, providing an important local site for cellular and humoral antitumor immune responses. This underscores their potential to predict favorable patient prognosis and positive responses to immune therapies. This review provides an overview of assessing and characterizing tumor-associated TLS, detailing their structural elements, composition, and the factors driving their formation. Furthermore, it explores TLS as promising biomarkers in tumor immunotherapy and their prospective clinical applications. The review also addresses the challenges and future prospects of TLS in the context of tumor immunotherapy.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the best thawing method of squid in storage and processing. Methods: Three kinds of squid were thawed by four thawing methods: low temperature thawing, ultrasonic thawing, flowing water thawing and hydrostatic thawing. The changes of sensory quality, texture characteristics, thawing loss rate, cooking loss rate, volatile base total nitrogen (TVB-N value), thiobarbituric acid value (TBARS value) and salt-soluble protein content (SSP value) of different squid were investigated during the thawing process. Results: Ultrasonic thawing took the shortest time, but thawing loss rate was high and the juice loss was serious; The low temperature thawing time was too long, with high TBARS value but poor quality; The loss rates of hydrostatic thawing and cooking were high, and the phenomena of protein degradation and fat oxidation were serious; The mastication of squid was better under flowing water thawing, and the loss rate of thawing was relatively low, and the characteristics of muscle structure were maintained well. Conclusion: Flow water thawing is the most suitable thawing method for squid.

Since the outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), 2.1% of the world's populationhas been infected and millions of people have died. COVID-19 has become the most serious public health problemthroughout the world. Immune system is very important to control and eliminate SARS-CoV-2. The imbalance ofimmune responses aggravates lung tissue inflammatory injury and other organ damages. Here, we elaborate the pro‐cess of SARS-CoV-2 infection, the innate and adaptive immune response of host cells against SARS-CoV-2, theclassification and preparation of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, and immunotherapy drugs from the perspective of im‐mune mechanism, which provides a scientific basis for the diagnosis, condition monitoring, treatment and progno‐sis of COVID-19.

In order to study the influence of bimodal pore structure on the mechanical properties of unsaturated soil, two typical bimodal pore structure clays in Nanning and Guilin in Guangxi were selected as target materials and the shear strength characteristics under different saturation conditions were analyzed. The effect mechanism of pore water distribution status on the strength of two kinds of soils with bimodal pore structure was explored by filter paper method and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique. The results show that the T2 distribution curves of the two samples have bimodal structure under saturated condition. Moreover, on the whole, the water retention characteristics of soil samples show bimodal soil-water characteristic curve. The stress-displacement relationship of the two kinds of soil is similar and the shear strength is closely related to saturation. The change trend of soil sample cohesion changes when the saturation is 40%, while the internal friction angle reaches the minimum at a saturation of 80%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tunnel construction and continuous drought both can cause significant decrease in groundwater level in karst regions, which can bring serious ecological and environmental issues. Thus, a quantitative evaluation of the influence of these two factors on karst groundwater system is important for engineers and local residents to take effective countermeasures. In this study, the coupled discrete conduit-continuum model method was used to establish a three-dimensional numerical model considering dynamic construction progress in the Jiulongling tunnel construction region. The model was calibrated by using hydrogeological information of study area and available observations. The effects of tunnel construction and drought on the groundwater system during August-October 2022 were evaluated by using the method of controlling single influencing factor. The results showed that the range of groundwater levels affected by drought during the equilibrium period of the study area accounts for 55.43% (about 649.72 km³), which is 35.1 times of the impact of tunnel construction, which indicates that the drought was the main reason for the lowering of the groundwater level in the study area. With the continuous drought, the overall decline of groundwater level along the tunnel was mainly affected by drought, but the significant decline of water level at some sporadic locations above (such as 14 - 15 km, 18 - 19 km from the tunnel entrance) the tunnel axis could be attributed to the water inrush into a tunnel segment under construction. According to water balance analysis, during the equilibrium period of August-October 2022, the reduction in recharge due to drought was about 8.245x106 m³, which was significantly more than the groundwater loss caused by tunnel inrush, and the continuous drought had the greatest impact on the groundwater in the study area. This work demonstrates the impacts of underground engineering activities and drought on spatial and temporal evolutions of karst groundwater, and can provide guidance and reference for the hydrogeological assessment of the impact of underground engineering projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Forensic palynology is to apply palynology to the field of forensic science, using pollen and spores to solve issues in juridical practice, such as civil and criminal issues. Sporopollens have a small size, wide distribution, diverse morphology, can be easily transferred, have durability, and is not easily noticed. It can provide strong investigation and related evidence for case detection as good trace evidence. The application of palynology in forensic science has achieved certain success, but it is underutilized in most countries. This paper analyzes the evidence value provided by sporopollen, collection of the sporopollen samples, the progress in detection technology and challenges ahead, based on the biological characteristics of sporopollen, combined with recent successful cases in forensic science, to comprehensively discuss the research progress in forensic palynology and its application prospects in forensic science.

In August 2021, a warm-sector heavy rainfall event under the control of the western Pacific subtropical high occurred over the southeastern coast of China. Induced by a linearly shaped mesoscale convective system (MCS), this heavy rainfall event was characterized by localized heavy rainfall, high cumulative rainfall, and extreme rainfall intensity. Using various observational data, this study first analyzed the precipitation features and radar reflectivity evolution. It then examined the role of environmental conditions and the relationship between the ambient wind field and convective initiation (CI). Furthermore, the dynamic lifting mechanism within the organization of the MCS was revealed by employing multi-Doppler radar retrieval methods. Results demonstrated that the linearly shaped MCS, developed under the influence of the subtropical high, was the primary cause of the extreme rainfall event. High temperatures and humidity, coupled with the convergence of low-level southerly winds, established the environmental conditions for MCS development. The superposition of the convergence zone generated by the southerly winds in the boundary layer (925–1000 hPa) and the divergence zone in the lower layer (700–925 hPa) supplied dynamic lifting conditions for CI. Additionally, a longterm shear line (southerly southwesterly) offered favorable conditions for the organization of the linearly shaped MCS. The combined effects of strengthening low-level southerly winds and secondary circulation in mid-upper levels were influential factors in the development and maintenance of the linearly shaped MCS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nurse preceptors serve as clinical nurses while also having multiple teaching duties. This high-pressure work environment can easily cause sleep disturbance. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of an eight-week mindfulness-based program on work stress and sleep disturbance in nurse preceptors. A single group repeated measures study was conducted with 35 nurse preceptors incorporated into the study. Descriptive and repeated measure ANOVA statistical analysis showed that nurse preceptors in the mindfulness intervention reported significant decreases in sleep disturbance. Although the overall change in work stress was not enough to achieve statistical significance, competency pressure decreased at the 4th and 8th weeks. This study provides preliminary evidence that mindfulness-based interventions may improve sleep and reduce work competency pressure. (Tzu Chi Nursing Journal, 2023; 22:4, 61-72) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the Peltier effect, a method of real-time controlling battery temperature through thermoelectric device (TED) was proposed. It integrated the refrigeration and heating functions of TED, has a good temperature control effect, and can meet the thermal management needs of battery modules. The battery module consists of 3x5 rows of cylindrical batteries filled with foam metal composite phase change materials, and the thermoelectric device was arranged on the large face of the battery module shell. Compared with the liquid cooling experiment, thermoelectric refrigeration could significantly reduce the temperature of the battery module at 1 ~ 5 W of single cell heat generation power, and control the temperature difference of the module within 5 °C. The temperature control experiment further shows that the TED controlled by the thermostat in real-time can effectively stabilize the module temperature and control the temperature fluctuation within 2 ~ 3 °C. In addition, a one-dimensional thermal resistance network was established, and the thermal performance of TED was analyzed based on steady-state theory. The result shows that under the refrigeration condition, the cold junction temperature of TED is decreasing first and then increasing with increasing of its current, and the hot junction temperature is proportional to the TED current. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bisphenol A epoxy resin is a thermoset resin with excellent performance, which is widely used in the fields of coatings, adhesives and composite materials. However, the bisphenol A epoxy resin prepared by the conventional two-step method has high viscosity at room temperature, which limits its application. The ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer was used to monitor the etherification process between bisphenol A (BPA) and epichlorohydrin(ECH) in the two-step method. Then, the ring-closing conditions of the etherized products were optimized. Finally, BPA and ECH with a molar ratio of 1:10 were etherified at 100 °C for 4 hours (catalyzed by benzyltrimethylammonium bromide at 2% BPA mass); Then, the excess ECH was removed, the NaOH solution with concentration of 35% (NaOH/BPA=3: 1) was added dropwise, and the closed-loop reaction was carried out at 70 °C for 6 h to obtain bisphenol A epoxy resin with epoxy value of 0.550 mol/100 g and viscosity of 3.74 Pa·s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at improving the accuracy of radar signal recognition under a low signal-to-noise ratio, a radar signal recognition algorithm based both on time-frequency image and high-order spectrum feature was proposed. Firstly, the time-frequency image was obtained by Choi-Williams distribution (CWD) transform, based on which the time-frequency image was preprocessed and the texture features were extracted by gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) in sequence. Meanwhile, the symmetrical holder coefficient was used to extract the high-order spectral features of the signal. Then, the texture features and high-order spectrum features were form a new set of joint feature vectors. Finally, with the proposed feature vector the classification and recognition of radar signals were implemented by a support vector machine. The algorithm was verified on the data set with eight typical radar signals. Experimental results show that the recognition accuracy of different radar signals can achieve higher than 90% when the signal-to-noise ratio is -8 dB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the application of domestically developed Feinting series high-performance DSP processors in the field of image processing, there is a strong demand for high-performance image processing algorithms on this platform. As the basic algorithm of image processing, Gaussian filtering can effectively filter out Gaussian noise in images, and t has been widely used in the field of image processing. According to the architectural characteristics of Feinting high-performance DSP and the characteristics of Gaussian littering algorithm, the optimization of Gaussian littering algorithm on Feteng high performance DSP is realized. Optimization methods such as manual vectorization, control flow elimination, and loop unrolling are adopted to take full advantage of data-evil and instruction-evil parallelism, thereby reducing the number of data accesses and improving instruction efficiency. According to the DMA hardware and vector memory structure characteristics in the FT-MT2 core, optimizations such as ping-pong cache and DMA array transposition are performed to reduce the data transmission time and improve the data locality. Test results under various fitter kernel sizes and image matrix scales show that, compared to the serial implementation of the Gaussian fitter algorithm, the parallel optimization implementation achieves a speedup of 1. 3 - 1. 41. With cache enabled, compared with the running performance of the Gaussian fluttering algorithm in the despair library on the TMS320C6678 platform, the acceleration effect is 1. 15 - 1. 71 times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recognizing age and gender based on facial images is one of the current hot spots in artificial intelligence research. This paper proposes a hybrid model that integrates Convolution Neural Network (CNN), Squeeze-oxidation Network (SENet) and Extreme Learning Machine (ELM). The convolutional layer in the model is used to extract facial features from the face image, the SEnet layer is used to optimize the features extracted by the convolutional layer, and the error minimization extreme learning machine (EM-ELM) is used as a classifier to realize the age and gender recognition of facial ima¬ges. Compared with the existing popular modes, the proposed model adopts the CNN+SENet architecture so that it can extract more representative and optimal feature maps from facial images, and the ex¬tremely fast calculation of EM-ELM makes the model faster and more efficient. Experimental results on multiple unrestricted face datasets show that the proposed model has higher recognition accuracy and speed than other recent related models based on deep earning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of the characteristics of construction waste which has complicated composition and high content of soil, fabric, steel bar, wood, organic matter, and other impurities, during engineering design, in combination of the raw material composition and construction site, the process of pre-treatment before crushing + manual sorting after crushing + hydraulic flotation + light material separation is selected to ensure the removal of each impurity. The separated wastes are sorted, placed and treated specifically, and each waste is converted into usable resources. Product chains such as recycled concrete mixing plant, recycled bricks, recycled water-stabilizing materials have been set up to realize organic circulation of construction waste-recycled aggregate-recycled products. It has good economic and social benefits and can be used as a demonstration and promotion of the comprehensive utilization of urban construction waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the effect of comprehensive intervention in the labor- deli very-recovery (LDR) room on neonatal jaundice index and physical and mental development. Methods 92 full-term newborns born in Zhenjiang Maternity and Child Health Hospital from January 2019 to December 2019 were selected as the research objects. According to the type of delivery room, they were divided into an observation group and a control group, each with 46 cases. The observation group was given LDR room comprehensive care, and the control group was given routine delivery room care. Jaundice index and physical and mental development of newborns before and after intervention were compared between two groups. Results Before intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in jaundice index between the two groups (P > 0.05). On the 3rd and 7th day after the intervention, the jaundice index of the two groups were significantly lower than before the intervention (ail P < 0. 05), and the improvement degree of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0. 05). Before the intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in head circumference, body length, body mass, intelligence (MDI) and Psychomotor Development! Index (PDI) scores between the two groups ( all P > 0. 05). Three months after the intervention, the head circumference, body length, body weight, MDI score and PDI score of the two groups were significantly higher than those before the intervention (all P < 0. 05), and the improvement degree of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group ( all P <0. 05 ). Conclusion The comprehensive intervention of LDR room can improve the symptoms of jaundice and play a positive role in the physical and mental development of newborns with jaundice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Complaints relating to environmental noise issues are increasing in China, in particular in megacity, construction noise is the largest contributors. A river restoration project in Shenzhen under the model of Engineering-Procurement-Construction is used as an example. This study develops an environmental management system, including control measures of the construction noise and its implementation plans according to questionnaire, field investigation, national laws, regulations, standards, technical specifications and project management theories such as 1S014001 environmental management systems and PDCA management model, etc. The research results can facilitate environmental managers to mitigate noise-related disputes and their negative effects during the construction phase, also provide additional insights into the environmental management of the EPC water environmental restoration project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Influence of molding pressure on Ca(OH)2 carbonation reaction was analyzed by temperature and humidity monitoring, cube compressive strength testing, XRD and SEM test. The conclusions are as follows: calcium hydroxide test block formed under 8 MPa exhibited the most violent carbonation reaction, which is reflected in the high temperature and humidity in the carbonation kettle during the carbonation reaction process. When the molding pressure increases from 10 MPa to 14 MPa, the cube compressive strength and weight gain rate both decreased obviously. For 8 MPa molding pressure, the strongest diffraction peak of calcite exhibited sharper front and smaller half height and width, and the calcite generated by Ca(OH)2 reacting with CO2 presents ellipsoidal shape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to develop an innovative steel damper with large deformation capacity and strong anti-fatigue property, a new type of annular Q235 steel damper was proposed, and five specific annular Q235 steel dampers were designed and fabricated. The mechanical properties such as failure mechanism, hysteretic rules and anti-fatigue properties were investigated by quasi-static test. The results show that the annular Q235 steel dampers can exhibit multi-section yield, small strength degradation, remarkable deformation capacity, stable and full hysteresis loop and excellent fatigue resistance. The calculation formula of the mechanical properties of the dampers was further presented based on the experimental study. It is suggested that the Ramberg-Osgood restoring force model could be used to simulate hysteretic response of the annular Q235 steel dampers. Based on the calculation formula and the Ramberg-Osgood model, the backbone curves and hysteresis loops of the annular Q235 steel dampers could be predicted through the basic material properties and geometric dimension of the dampers. The predicted results agree well with the experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzed the dynamics of net primary productivity (NPP) of Pinus tabuliformis forest under future climate scenarios in Shaanxi Province during 2015-2100, using a dynamic vegetation model (LPJ-GUESS). The results showed that in the 2015-2100 period, annual mean temperature of this region would significantly increase by 0.12, 0.23 and 0.54 °C ⋅ 10 a-1 under RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, respectively, while the annual precipitation would have no significant change under climate scenarios except RCP4.5, under which it would significantly increase by 14.36 mm ⋅ 10 a-1. Compared with the NPP of P. tabuliformis forest in the historical period (1961-1990), it would increase by 1.6%-29.6% in the future period, and the enhancement could reach 45.4% at the end of this century (2071-2100) under RCP8.5 scenario. The NPP under the RCP8.5 scenario was the highest, followed by the RCP4.5 and RCP2.6 scenarios. During 2015-2100, the NPP in the northern Shaanxi region would significantly decrease with the rate of 41.00 and 21.00 g C ⋅ m-2 ⋅ 10 a-1 under the RCP2.6 and RCP4.5 scenarios, respectively, implying that this area has the potentiality to be carbon source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The natural coral reef resources degrade rapidly because of climate change, environmental pollution and exploitation of aquarium species. Artificial propagation is an effective way to facilitate the reduction of wild harvesting, reef restoration, preservation of biodiversity. This paper reviewed the technique and research progresses focused on coral artificial propagation. We compared the advantages and disadvantages of sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction as well as in situ and ex situ propagation. Moreover, we summarized the important roles of irradiation, flow rate, nutrients, feed and other factors in coral propagation within recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). Irradiation is the key to successful ex situ coral culture and different species show different needs of radiation intensity and light spectrum. Therefore, artificial lighting in RAS, as well as power and maintenance costs, are very important for ex situ coral aquaculture. In addition, corals are very sensitive to NH4+, NO3-, NO2- as well as phosphate in RAS, and many physical, chemical and biological methods are acquired to maintain low nutrients condition. Although RAS has progressed a lot in terms of irradiation, flow rate and nutrient control, future studies also should focus on sexual reproduction, genetic modification and disease control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To prepare PLGA microspheres containing follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) or stem cell factor (SCF) and investigate the effects of sustaining release in vitro and in vivo. Methods Microspheres were prepared by a double-emulsification solvent evaporation method, releasing experiments were performed in vitro by culture method and in vivo by injection of microspheres in the rat hind leg muscle. Results The FSH-PLGA microspheres could release for 28 days and the burst release rate was 17.2% in vitro, release for 17 days in vivo; The SCF-PLGA microspheres could release 28 days and the burst release rate was 8.8% in vitro, release for 17 days in vivo. Conclusion The FSH or SCF microspheres could release for long lime in vitro and in vivo, suggesting the method to prepare FSH or SCF microspheres is feasible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presented a self-adaptive context aware routing protocol (SACARP) for the unicast communication in delay and tolerant networks. Meanwhile, according to the real-time context information of DTN, it introduced the Kaliman filter theory to predict the information state of mobility for the optional message ferrying node and then gave the optimal selection strategy of the meesage fenying nodes. The simulation experiments show that, compared to the familiar single-copy and multicopy protocols, the SACARP proposed in this paper has better transmision performance and stability, especially when the network is free, the protocol would guarantee a good performance with fewer connections and less buffer space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]