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At present, ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is widely used for reinforcement of composite members and normal concrete (NC) structures. After reinforcement, the interface between UHPC and NC becomes the most vulnerable part due to the combined effect of interface normal tensile stress and interface tangential shear stress. Reinforcement planting treatment is a common method to connect the interface between old concrete and new concrete. In this study, the shear strength of UHPC-NC specimens with and without reinforcement planting and the effect of reinforcement rate on shear performance were comprehensively analyzed by straight shear test and finite element simulation. The results show that the shear strength of specimens without reinforcement planting is only 20% of that of integrally cast specimens, while the shear strength of the reinforcement planting specimens could reach 40% to 80%. In specimens without reinforcement planting, the damage form is brittle damage. In reinforcement planting specimens, the development of interface cracks is controlled, the interface shear strength is improved, the slip of interface slip is increased, and the interface is ductile failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

11 RC beam-square CFT column joint specimens were designed, considering the influences of joint form, ring beam dimension, ring beam reinforcement, diameter and number of shear rings and slab participation, etc. Monotonic static tests were carried out to investigate the macro mechanical behavior of the beam-column joints and the influences of various design parameters. The test observations and strain development in rebars were analyzed. The test results indicate; the longitudinal and transverse reinforcement of ring beam have significant influence on the load carrying capacity of the specimens. By changing adjusting the reinforcement ratios of the ring beam, the frame beams can be designed to fail prior to the failure of the ring beams to fulfill the strong joint requirement. Using ring reinforcement is convenient in terms of fabrication and construction and reasonable and reliable for the shear transfer. Based on the test results and the equilibrium of the surface forces of the ring beam at failure, the practical design method of the ring beam joint was derived. The calculation results agreed well with the test results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To summarize the clinical characteristics and long-term prognosis of herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSE) in childhood and to analyze genotype of UNC93B1 and TLR3., Method: Data of a total of 30 HSE patients admitted to Beijing Children's Hospital from January 2008 to September 2013 were retrospectively analyzed, the data included clinical manifestations, physical sign, auxiliary examination, therapy and long-term clinical prognosis. The family history obtained during follow-up visit was also analyzed for genetic predisposition. With parents' agreement, the blood specimens of patients were collected in EDTA anticoagulant tubes, the first 2 genetic etiologies UNC93B1 and TLR3 were sequenced, and the genetic susceptibility to HSE in childhood was summarized., Result: (1) All the 30 patients (100%) had fever, 28 (93%) had seizure, 25 (83%) had altered state of consciousness, only 11 (37%) had personality changes, and in 8 (73%) appeared at or after 2 weeks of onset . (2) During the long-term follow up, 2 (7%) patients died after discharge, 23 patients (82%) had neurological sequelae, 13 patients (57%) had moderate, severe disability and vegetative state. (3) After sequencing of UNC93B1, and TLR3, one patient was found homozygous for a single-nucleotide substitution at position C.414C>G in exon 4 of UNC93B1 which affected the expression of UNC93B1, and may block or decrease the production of interferon. (4) Six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were found in this study, their genotype frequency and gene frequency of Chinese were respectively searched in Genomes Project in NCBI and defined 1 000 genomes group. The genotype frequency of UNC93B1 rs7149 between 1 000 genomes group and HSE group was significantly different (χ² = 55.37, P<0.05). The frequency of CC type and C type was higher in HSE group, both of them had significant difference (χ² = 93.90, P<0.05, OR=61.563; χ² = 134.40, P<0.05, OR=12.491)., Conclusion: HSE lacks specific clinical manifestations, the long-term prognosis is poor. One HSE patient carrying a heterozygous mutation in UNC93B1 which may lead to the susceptibility to HSE and had harmful effect on long-term prognosis. The SNP UNC93B1 rs7149 may also have relationship with susceptibility to HSE and the children carrying CC genotype or C gene in this gene site maybe more susceptible to HSE.

Objective: To summarize the clinical features, imaging characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of a case with central nervous system infection caused by Exophiala dermatitidis, as well as to review the related literature., Method: Associated literature and clinical data of an 8-year-old boy who was diagnosed as central nervous system infection caused by Exophiala dermatitidis in Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University and hospitalized twice from 2012 to 2014 were analyzed retrospectively., Result: The boy was 8 years old with the chief complaint of dizziness for 2 months, intermittent fever for 1 month accompanied with spasm twice. He was diagnosed as bile ducts space-occupying lesions 2 years ago, when the pathological diagnosis was fungal infection. The boy was treated with irregular anti-fungal therapy. Then the boy developed nervous symptoms, impaired consciousness and abnormal physical activity that developed gradually. After hospitalization the cerebral MRI of the boy showed space-occupying lesions accompanied with edema of surrounding area. Filamentous fungi was found by brain biopsy, which was culture positive for Exophiala dermatitidis. After diagnosis the boy was treated with amphotericin B (AMB), voriconazole and 5-Fu, as well as symptomatic treatment. The state of the boy was improved gradually. Two months later, the boy could communicate with others normally and move personally. The lesions and edema seen on the MRI was decreased moderately. Accordingly, the boy was treated with oral voriconazole maintenance treatment for about 1 year and 4 months after discharge. During this period, the state of him was stable without symptoms. The lesions shown by MRI did not disappear but decreased on regular examination. However, recently the disease of the boy progressed again, with dizziness, neck pain, headache and progressive nervous symptoms (intermittent spasm, inability to cough, and impaired consciousness). The boy died at last, even with the active treatment at the second hospitalization. Exophiala dermatitidis was culture-positive again in his CSF, and was confirmed by PCR successfully., Conclusion: The central nervous system infection caused by Exophiala dermatitidis is rare. Clinical features of this disease were similar to those of other fungal CNS infection, cerebral MRI of which could show the similar lumpy lesions. Diagnosis of the disease should be based on pathology and culture.