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Objective To analyze the clinicopathological features of multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma (MPTC) and to explore its treatment strategy. Methods The clinical data of 601 patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma（PTC） who underwent the first thyroid surgery in Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine from July 2016 to October 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The clinicopathological characteristics of MPTC and solitary papillary thyroid carcinoma (SPTC) were compared, and the risk factors for MPTC and central lymph node metastasis（CLNM） were analyzed. Results Among the 601 cases, there were 202 cases of MPTC, accounting for 33.6%, including 150 cases of bilateral thyroid cancer, accounting for 74.3% of MPTC. Among MPTC patients, the central and lateral neck lymph node metastasis rates were 60.9% (123/202) and 13.4% (27/202), respectively. The proportion of MPTC patients with body mass index (BMI)≥25 kg/m2, combined with Hashimotos thyroiditis (HT), tumor maximum diameter≥1 cm, thyroid capsule invasion, lymph node metastasis in central and lateral neck areas were higher than those in SPTC group (P＜0.05). The proportion of male, age＜55 years old, tumor maximum diameter≥1 cm, sum of tumor maximum diameter≥1 cm and thyroid capsule invasion of patients with CLNM in MPTC patients were higher than those of patients without CLNM (P＜0.05). The proportion of patients with nodular goiter in CLNM patients was lower than that in patients without CLNM (44.7% vs 62.0%, χ2=5.770，P＜0.05). Conclusion The rate of bilateral cancer is high in MPTC patients. PTC patients with BMI≥25 kg/m2, combined with HT and thyroid capsule invasion are more likely to have MPTC, and total thyroidectomy is recommended. The incidence of CLNM is higher in MPTC patients with male, age＜55 years old and thyroid capsule invasion, and bilateral central lymph node dissection is recommended.

The cost of software maintenance increases as the continuous iterative development of software.To reduce this cost,automated software refactoring is proven to be an effective solution.One of the most typical automated software refactoring approaches is the search-based refactoring.This approach refactors software according to some predefined objectives.Existing stu-dies show that the selection of objectives plays a decisive role in the search process.Although many quality objectives and non-quality objectives are proposed,there is no research to analyze that in the same evaluation framework which objectives can guide the software refactoring to achieve results that meet developers’ expectations.Meanwhile,whether the combination of quality objectives and non-quality objectives will have better results is not analyzed.To answer these questions,this paper designs a search-based multi-objective software refactoring evaluation framework.Under the framework,this paper investigates the impact of the combination of seven different objectives on software refactoring with six open-source software projects in different scales;the software quality before and after refactoring is evaluated using a variety of indicators,and the effectiveness of different objective combinations is also analyzed.Experimental results show that the combination of quality objectives and non-quality objectives can better improve the effectiveness of software refactoring than using one single type of objectives,and the combination of the ‘qua-lity’ objective and the ‘similarity with recorded code changes’ objective is important to the improvement of software refactoring effectiveness.

There are abundant bauxite and ceramic-making claystone resources with advantageous and developmental potential in the central area of Guizhou Province. Through the research into the route survey, section measurement and mineral identification on Jiujialu Formation in Datang age of GuiZhou Province, in combination with the analysis of paleoenvironment by finger trace element, the findings firstly illustrate that: the microscope observation on this strata of rocks shows vadose pisolith structure of the aluminous clay rocks, isocrystalline structure of the siliceous rocks and micrite-cluster structure of the ferraginous rocks, suggesting a characteristic of continental sedimentary environment in the study area, meanwhile, the rock type and lithology combination characteristics roughly reflect that the whole area is terrigenous clastic deposition under the settings of the reducing environment and low energy hydrodynamic. Secondly, the Th/U ratio indicates that the clay rocks of Jiujialu Formation in the Datang age are basically formed in a weak oxidation environment, and with the rising ratio during the deposition process, the oxidation gradually strengthened at the same time. Lastly, the values of facies element B, Sr and Ba, and the ratios of B/Ga and Sr/Ba indicate that the clay rocks in the Datang age of Jiujialu Formation underwent several transgressions stages and regressions stages in the Early Carboniferous, and eventually turned into a continental environment. It is inferred that Jiujialu Formation in the Datang age of Early Carboniferous in Jinsha area was located in the epicontinental sea zone. As constrained by the shape and position of the palaeokarst and the direction of seawater influx, Jiujialu Formation in Jinsha area appears complex sedimentary characteristics in different areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to its agility, flexibility and accuracy, airborne repeat-pass Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is capable of overcoming the disadvantages of long revisit time and low resolution in space-borne SAR interferometry, and play an irreplaceable role in monitoring the deformation of landslides, volcanoes, earthquakes, etc. In this paper, the history and status in the world wide about the technology of airborne repeat-pass SAR interferometry are reviewed detailedly. Then after the accuracy of this technology is analyzed, its key problems in practice are presented, and the related researches in this field are also introduced comprehensively. The development trend and the prospect of this technology are also described in this paper. Finally, it is pointed that several problems still need to be studied further for accurate parameter inversion.

motion errors, frequently occur in SAR images. For airborne SAR system with very high resolution and airborne repeat-pass SAR interferometry, the residual motion errors must be estimated and compensated. Multi-squint Technique with Point Targets (MTPT) is able to estimate the residual motion errors for an individual SAR image, but errors in the platform velocity and the slant range will deteriorate the accuracy of the method. Based on the detailed analysis of the velocity and slant range to residual motion error estimation, simulated and real SAR data are used to validate it in this paper. It is also pointed out that though MTPT is able to estimate the errors in the velocity and slant range, it is sensitive to the phase error. Therefore, it is advised that the errors in the velocity and slant range should be removed with other precise method before MTPT is utilized to estimate the residual motion errors.

The long-term trends of reference evapotranspiration (ET0) and the main caused in Dianxi Plain were studied in this paper, which provides the basis for dealing with the impact of climate change on agriculture and water resources planning and management. The daily ET0 during 1955-2018 was calculated by using the Penman-Monteith formula recommended by FAO, the variation regularity of ET0 and radiation term (ETrad) and aerodynamics term (ETLaero) were analyzed. The trends of mean temperature, humidity, sunshine and wind speed, which are the main driving factors of ET0 were analyzed by using the Mann-Kendall method. The relationship between ET0 and main driving factors was obtained by partial correlation analysis. The results show that ET0 decreases obviously in 1955-2018, its decline rate is -19.5 mm/10 a. The average annual ET0 is 1 070.5 mm. The annual average ETrad and ETaero as the percentage of ET0 is 61.2% and 38.8% respectively. The annual average daily ET0 shows a single peak curve and its average value is 2.9 mm/d. ETrad accounted for 53.0%~80.2% is dominated from April to October, while ETaero accounted for a larger proportion in other periods. The average temperature shows a significant upward trend; its decline rate is 0.23°C/10a. The sunshine, average wind speed, relative humidity all show an obvious downward trend in Dianxi Plain, the decline rates are -138.85 h/10 a, -0.09 m/s/10 a and -0.58/10 a respectively. ET0 is linearly positively correlated with the average temperature, sunshine hours, and average wind speed and the correlation coefficients are 0.909, 0.608, and 0.534, respectively. ET0 is linearly negative with relative humidity, and the correlation coefficient is -0.371. It is mainly due to the significant decrease of sunshine and wind speed that ET0 shows a significant downward trend in Dianxi Plain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Genotypes with tolerance to low nitrogen (N) are preferred in improving N use efficiency of tobacco and reduce nitrogen pollution. In this study, seedlings of 74 tobacco genotypes were evaluated in a hydroponic experiment with low-N (0.5 mmol L-1) and normal-N (5.0 mmol L-1) treatments, and the genotypes were evaluated according to descriptive statistics, factor analysis and cluster analysis. The root volume, root biomass, N accumulation in stalk and leaf, and aboveground biomass varied greatly across genotypes with the variation coefficients of 0.37-0.68 in low-N treatment and 0.38-0.64 in normal-N treatment. The principal components under both N levels were similar, showing that the N accumulation in stalk and leaf and aboveground biomass were important components. According to evaluation indexes Heatmap clustering and scatter diagram analysis of N efficiency comprehensive value, 15 low-N tolerant genotypes were screened out, accounting for 20.3% of varieties tested, including eight genotypes of high-efficiency under low-N but low-efficiency under normal-N, six genotypes of low-efficiency under both low-N and normal-N, and one genotype of high-efficiency under both low-N and normal-N. In addition, eight genotypes were found to be sensitive to low-N, including six genotypes of low-efficiency under low-N but high-efficiency under normal-N and two genotypes of low-efficiency under both low-N and normal-N. We primarily identified 14P9 as the low-N tolerant and N-efficient tobacco and Zhongyan 100 and K394 as the low-N sensitive and N-inefficient tobacco. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective]The present study was conducted to breed early/late-cropping dual-usage super rice variety with strong heterosis, high yield, wide adaptability in order to provide supports on high-yield, stable yield and food safety production in Guangxi. [Method]In 2004 a self-bred photo-thermo sensitive genic male sterile line Guike-2S, and a strong restoring line with wide compatibility Guihui 582, was crossed to obtain Guiliangyou 2, followed by investigating its comprehensive trait performances in variety comparative test in 2005, and Guangxi regional trial and producing tial of early season late-maturing rice group during 2006-2007. [Result]Guiliangyou 2 has characteristicss of strong heterosis, high yield, stable yield, wide adaptability, etc. Its growth duration was 121 and 116 days at early and late cropping, respectively. The variety was charactered by 116 cm of plant height, 160 grains per panicle, 88% of seed setting rate and 22.0 g of 1000-grain weight. The yield of Guiliangyou 2 was 8797.5 kg/ha in variety comparative test in 2005, which was increased by 6.30% as compared to the control Teyou 63. In Guangxi regional trial and producing trial during 2006-2007, the average yield of Guiliangyou 2 were 8646.0, 8281.5 and 8389.5 kg/ha, which were increased by 9.17%, 8.44% and 8.10% compared with the control Teyou 63, respectively. During early cropping high-yield demonstration test (6.67 ha) in Luchuan county of Yulin city in 2007, the average yield of Guiliangyou 2 in high-yield, moderate-yield and low-yield fields was 11110.2 kg/ha. In super rice double-cropping high-yield demonstration test (6.67 ha) in Luchuan county of Yulin city in 2012, its total yield of early-and late-cropping was 21380.1 kg/ha with an average of 10690.1 kg/ha. [Conclusion]Guiliangyou 2, the first self-bred super rice variety with better application prospect, is suitable for planting as early and late rice in south regions of Guangxi, and as single early cropping rice or a middle-season rice in middle and north regions of Guangxi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at extracting fault features from the two-dimensional time frequency representation, a novel time frequency feature extraction method based on reduced time frequency representation is proposed after investigating the principles of basis pursuit and Two Dimensional Non-negative Matrix Factorization (2DNMF). Combined with Wigner-Ville distribution, the basis pursuit method which represents the original signal as a set of atoms is introduced to compute the basis pursuit time frequency representation, and then 2DNMF is employed to reduce the dimension of the amplitude matrix of basis pursuit time frequency representation and extract its corresponding low dimensional features. The proposed method is applied to extract the fault features from eight different state rolling bearings, and the results verify its effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the accuracy rates and lower the impact on fruit recognition in environment, this paper presented a recognition system applied in the intelligent fruit picking robot. To recognize the smell more precisely, it optimized the output of the smell sensors by using the random forests algorithm. As to the looks, it analyzed and recognized by removing the shadows of the corresponding intrinsic image which calculated from the original one, especially those with shadows. The robot could decide to pick the fruit or not by the "smell" it smelled with its nose (smell sensors) and the "looks" it saw with its eyes (cameras). Experimental results show that the recognition system can provide a more precise reference for latterly picking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evapotranspiration (ET) is an important component of water cycle, but its measurement in high altitude mountainous region is quite difficult, inducing the insufficient understanding on the actual ET in high altitude mountainous region and the effects of ET on this region's water cycle. In this paper, two small type weighing minilysimeters were applied to measure the daily ET in a piece of grassland in a high altitude mountainous region of the Heihe River basin from July 1st, 2009 to June 30th, 2010. Based on the measured data, the methods of FAO-56 Penman-Monteith (F-P- M), Priestley-Taylor (P-T), and Hargreaves-Samani (H-S) were employed to estimate the ET to analyze the applicability of the three methods for the mountainous region, and the pan coefficient at the measurement spots was discussed. During the measurement period, the total annual ET at the measurement spots was 439. 9 mm, accounting for 96. 5% of the precipitation in the same period, and the ET showed an obvious seasonal distribution, being 389. 3 mm in May-October, accounting for 88. 5% of the annual value. All the three methods could be well applied to estimate the summer ET but not the winter ET, and their applicability followed the sequence of P-T > F-P-M > H-S. At the measurement spots, the daily pan coefficient in summer was 0. 7-0. 8, while that in winter was quite variable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bird impact test for full-size rotor is difficult because of working characteristics of the helicopter rotor. However, in the design process of crashworthy aircraft structure, bird impact test is the ultimate and the most effective verification method. Therefore it is quite necessary to study the test method for bird impact on helicopter blade. Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) fluid-solid coupling method was adopted to simulate bird impact on rotating blade as well as on stationary one whose end was under concentrated loads, respectively. After comparison of numerical simulation results, it was found that dynamic response of blade under the above two states is quite approximate. This shows that static bird impact test adopting centralized loads instead of centrifugal ones can better simulate the test of bird impact on rotating blade, thus providing a reference method for research of bird impact on helicopter rotor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

GAP gels were prepared separately in five solvents by sol-gel method. The GAP gels were characterized using the measures of FT-IR spectroscopy, TG and DSC for its structure and thermal properties. Its crosslinking density relative eigenvalue and gel mass fraction were tested. The results indicate that the prepared GAP gels all have good thermostability and their density are in the scope of 0. 455~0. 556 g/cm³. And as the decreasing of the chosen solvents' polarity, all properties of GAP gel such as gel fraction, crosslinking density, thermal stability, thermal decomposition and mechanical performance are enhanced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, a solid reaction synthesis process is applied to recover LiCoO2 from spent lithium ion batteries. The scrapped LiCoO2 was synthesized at high temperature for adjusting the proportion of Li element and Co element. The structure, morphology and electrochemical property were characterized and tested with the measures of XRD, SEM and circulation volt- ampere. The test results indicate that LiCoO2 calcined at 850 °C for 12 b has good electrochemical performance. The first charge capacity of regenerated LiCoO2 material could reach 143 mA ⋅ h/g The first discharge capacity could be 126 mA ⋅ h/g. After 30 cycles, the discharge capacity of regenerated LiCoO2 still remains 92%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through sol-gel processing, RDX/AP intermolecular explosive (IMX) with different proportion of RDX to AP have been prepared. Using TGA/DSC, the analyzing results show that the weight loss at first step and decomposition enthalpies of physical mixture are much lower than IMX. The best mass ratio of RDX and AP is 1.56, and its decomposition enthalpy reaches 2 160. 6 J/g. The activation energy of the decomposition reaction of IMX is higher than that of physical mixture, which means that the thermal stability of IMX is increased. Compared with the decomposition rate constants at different temperature, the decomposition of IMX is much easier than physical mixture's at high temperature and IMX is more stable at normal temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A rapid frequency-domain identification algorithm is presented based on flight test data of BO105 helicopter in hover condition. Model structure for the identification is determined according to Bode sensitivity function and theoretical analysis to improve the identification accuracy. Meanwhile, an optimization algorithm to accelerate the identification procedure is developed to satisfy various convergent conditions for different identification parameters. The results indicate that the developed algorithm can identify the helicopter flight dynamics model effectively and rapidly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sulfur-carbon composites as cathode for lithium-sulfur battery have been synthesized by heating a mixture of elemental sulfur and activated carbon with high specific surface area and microporous structure. The physical structure performance is characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and specific surface area measurements. It show two reduction peaks at 2.05 V and 2.35 V, one oxidation peak at 2.4 V during cyclic voltammogram test. The charge-discharge experiment indicates that its initial discharge specific capacity is 1 352.5 mA ⋅ h ⋅ g-1 at a current density of 100 mA ⋅ g-1. The utilization of electrochemically active sulfur is about 80.9%. The specific capacity still keep as high as 800.7 mA ⋅ h ⋅ g-1 after 40 cycles which show good cycle stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the coupling of longitudinal and lateral motions of the helicopter is very severe, high frequency noise of rotor and random error of test cause data contamination, it is still difficult to identify full coupled dynamic model of the helicopter. A method that can improve identification accuracy of full coupled dynamic model is presented. Based on BO-105 flight test data with frequency sweep,a multi-step identification algorithm is constructed and proper Cost function is selected to solve ill problem of information matrix caused by severe coupling, large differentiation of sensitivity and large amount of identification parameters in full coupled dynamic model. The results show this method can identify full coupled dynamic model of the helicopter effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aimed at the insecurity of the digital produces, a DWT and DCT domain digital image blind robust watermarking algorithm based on independent component analysis (ICA) is proposed in this paper. The image is decomposed by DWT first, and low frequency sub-bands are performed by DCT again. Then, scrambled watermark is embedded in middle-frequency of DCT area. In the extraction procedure, ICA is applied to obtain the embedding watermark signal, without requiring the original image and any information about watermark. Then correlation analysis and restore scrambling are applied to get the watermark. Experimental results show thaa the algorithm is very robust to common attack operations such as adding noise, JPEG compression, filter and so on and has good performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the extraction conditions of lanoline using Soxtec Automatic System were optimized through orthogonal experiment of three factors and three levels. Rinsing time was the key factor for the extraction efficiency by range analysis . After further investigation of rinsing time by single factor test, the optimum conditions were finally obtained, 135 °C, boiling time 50 min, rinsing time 90 min. On the optimal conditions, the measured grease content of wool top was 0. 738%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To investigate the effects of erbium laser pretreatment on the bond strength of dentin and enamel,as well as microleakage at the edge of tooth defects repaired with computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-assisted manufacturing (CAM) glass-ceramic restorations for repairing dental defects., Methods: A total of 62 fresh, nondecayed, nondiscoloration and noncracked wisdom teeth were collected from the Oral Surgery Clinic between January 2020 and January 2023. According to different pretreatment methods, they were randomly divided into two groups, erbium laser group and phosphoric acid group, with 31 teeth in each group. Each group was further divided into two subsets for bond strength testing (16 teeth) and microleakage testing (15 teeth).The shear bond strength between enamel and dentin of both groups was compared, as well as the degree and distribution of microleakage.Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 17.0 software package., Results: The shear bond strength between enamel and dentin of the erbium laser group was significantly higher than that of the phosphoric acid group (P＜0.05); the degree and distribution of microleakage at the lateral walls and gumline of the erbium laser group were significantly lower than those of the phosphoric acid group (P＜0.05). The scores of microleakage at the lateral walls of the erbium laser group mainly concentrated in grade 1 and 2, whereas those of the phosphoric acid group mainly concentrated in grade 2. There was significant difference in the distribution of lateral wall microleakage scores between the two groups (P＜0.05). The scores of microleakage at the gumline of the erbium laser group mainly concentrated in grade 1 and 2, whereas those of the phosphoric acid group mainly concentrated in grade 2 and 3. There was significant difference in the distribution of gumline microleakage scores between the two groups (P＜0.05)., Conclusions: Erbium laser pretreatment can improve bonding strength between glass ionomer cement and dentin and enamel, reduce microleakage at the edge of CAD/CAM glass ionomer cement restorations, and enhance marginal fit.

Hevea brasiliensis is the main source of natural rubber. Restricted by its tropical climate conditions, the planting area in China is limited, resulted in a low self-sufficiency. Periploca sepium which can produce natural rubber is a potential substitute plant. cis -prenyltransferase (CPT), small rubber particle protein (SRPP) and rubber elongation factor (REF) are key enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of cis -1, 4-polyisoprene, the main component of natural rubber. In this study, we cloned the promoter sequences of CPT , SRPP and REF through chromosome walking strategy. The spatial expression patterns of the three promoters were analyzed using GUS (β-glucuronidase) as a reporter gene driven by the promoters through Agrobacterium -mediated genetic transformation. The results showed that GUS driven by CPT , SRPP or REF promoter was expressed in leaves and stems, especially in the leaf vein and vascular bundle. The GUS activity in stems was higher than that in leaf. This study provided a basis for analyzing the biosynthesis mechanism of natural rubber and breeding new varieties of high yield natural rubber.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of eltrombopag combined with cyclosporine A (CsA) and CsA alone in patients with transfusion-dependent non-severe aplastic anemia (TD-NSAA)., Methods: The clinical data of 76 patients with treatment-naive TD-NSAA in Ningde Municipal Hospital of Ningde Normal University and Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from December 2017 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 45 cases were treated with eltrombopag combined with CsA, and 31 patients with compatible baseline characters were treated with CsA alone. The efficacy of patients between the two groups was compared, and the factors affecting the curative effects were also analyzed., Results: There were significant differences in hematological response (HR) and complete response(CR) rates between the two groups at 3, 6, 12 months, and follow-up endpoint of treatment ( P <0.05). With the prolongation of eltrombopag treatment time, the curative effect increased gradually, and the patients achieved more CR and HR rates by the end of the follow-up period. Simultaneously, with the increase in the maximum stable dose of eltrombopag, the HR rate increased gradually. The megakaryocyte count in eltrombopag group was higher than that in control at 6 and 12 months ( P <0.05). Compared with the control group, the median time of platelet transfusion independence in eltrombopag group was more shorter ( P =0.018), and the median platelets transfusion volume was lower ( P =0.009). At 3, 6, 12 months after eltrombopag, the change of platelet in eltrombopag group was higher than that in the control group ( P <0.05). Analysis of related factors affecting the efficacy showed that sex, age, iron overload, platelet count before treatment had no effect on the efficacy, and the median maximum stable dosage and the administration period for eltrombopag were related to the curative effect. The patients of eltrombopag group experienced adverse events of varying degrees, but the reactions were mild and mostly tolerated., Conclusion: Eltrombopag can effectively improve the hematopoietic response and promote platelet recovery for TD-NSAA patients with relatively more residual hematopoietic cells, and it is safe and well tolerated.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of chemotherapy combined with antivirals in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) patients and the prognostic factors., Methods: Forty nine patients with previously treated or treatment-nave ATLL from January 2018 to January 2021 were included in our study. The patients were divied into two groups according to whether they received antiviral treatment, twenty-seven patients were treated with chemotherapy combined with antivirals, including thirteen patients treated with recombinant interferon alpha-2b and CHOP therapy, eight patients treated with zidovudine combined with CHOP therapy, and 6 patients treated with CHOP regimen combined with interferon and zidovudine. Twenty-two patients were treated with CHOP therapy. The changes of symptom, hematological parameters, lactic dehydrogenase, β2-microglobulin, and the Ki-67 positive rate were compared between the two groups before and after treatments. The clinical efficacy of chemotherapy combined with antiviral therapy for ATLL was evaluated. The antiviral effect was assessed by detecting HTLV-1 virus copy number, and prognostic factors were analyzed., Results: The median follow-up time was 14 months. Compared with the patients treated with chemotherapy alone, the patients treated with chemotherapy combined with antivirals had lower tumor and virus loads, lower white blood cell count, lower lactate dehydrogenase level, lower β2-microglobulin lever, and lower Ki-67 positive rate (all P<0.05). The total effective rate of patients treated with chemotherapy combined with antivirals was significantly higher than those of patients treated with chemotherapy alone (63.0% vs 31.8%, P=0.035). The one-year overall survival (OS) rates of chemotherapy combined with antivirals groups and chemotherapy alone group were (74.1±2.9)％ and (40.9±2.1)％ (P=0.021), respectively. The one-year progress free survival (PFS) rates were (51.9±3.3)％ and (13.6±2.8)％ (P=0.017), respectively. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that HTLV-1 virus load (HR=7.518, 95%CI: 2.517-36.192, P=0.013) and antiviral therapy ［HR=5.617 (95%CI 1.803-11.293), P=0.027］ were independent prognostic factors for the long-term efficacy., Conclusion: Addition of antivirals to chemotherapy can prolong PFS and OS in ATLL patients. HTLV-1 virus load and antiviral therapy are independent prognostic factors for ATLL patients.

According to the characteristics of short time and large amount of samples for out of hospital emergency nucleic acid detection, this study introduces an out of hospital emergency nucleic acid detection cloud platform system, which realizes the functions of rapid identification of the detected person and one-to-one correspondence with the samples, and real-time upload of the detection results to Zhejiang Government service network for quick viewing and statistics, so as to complete the task of national nucleic acid screening efficiently and accurately that we must provide information support.

To find the status of outcome indicators reported in published randomized controlled trial(RCT) of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) for essential hypertension in the past two years, we searched for relevant information from four Chinese databases, three English databases and two clinical trial registries in this study, from January 2018 to September 2019. The outcome indicators of RCT were extracted and categorized from trials and the risk of bias was assessed by ROB tools from the Cochrane Collaboration. A total of 125 RCTs and 15 RCT protocols were finally included after study screening. The results showed that the RCT outcomes mainly included efficacy and safety outcomes. Efficacy indicators mainly included blood pressure measurement, quality of life assessment, blood biochemical indicators, urine analysis, arterial ultrasound, vascular endothelial function indicators, hematocrit, hemorheology indicators and other indicators. The safety indicators mainly included general physical examination items, heart, liver and kidney function tests, blood, urine, and stool routine examinations as well as adverse drug reactions/events. The current RCTs cannot distinguish primary and secondary outcomes, and the RCT protocols didn't report efficacy criteria clearly. They both didn't report health economic indicators and the methodological qualities were relatively low. In view of the current status on outcome indicators reported in TCM RCTs, constructing a core outcome set of TCM for essential hypertension and improving the methodology quality of RCTs will help to accurately reflect the actual efficacy of TCM intervention.

Objective: To observe the effect of warm needle with moxibustion (WNM) on morphological changes of articular cartilage and subchondral bone tissues in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) rabbits, so as to explore whether WNM intervention can delay the development of KOA., Methods: Forty male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into blank control, model, WNM and medication (Alendronate sodium) groups, with 10 rabbits in each group. A KOA model was established by immobilizing the right hind limb of rabbits with orthopedic casting tape for 6 weeks. The rabbits of the WNM group received WNM stimulation at "Neixiyan"(EX-LE4) "Waixiyan"(ST35) and "Heding"(EX-LE2) for 15 min, once a day for 4 weeks and those of the medication group received gavage of Alendronate sodium (150 μg·kg-1·d-1) once a day for 4 weeks. X-ray examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning were performed to observe the structure of the knee joints. Outcomes of X-ray examination were used to assess the degree of bone hyperplasia and joint space stenosis which were scaled according to Kellgren and Lawrence (K-L) standards, and those of MRI used to evaluate the degree of cartilage damage and bone marrow edema degrees which were respectively scored according to Recht scaling standards and semi-quantitative whole-organ MRI score (WORMS). Histopathological changes (degeneration degrees) of the articular cartilage were observed after H.E. staining, and given Mankin score. The ultrastructure of the cartilage surface and chondrocytes was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively., Results: Compared with the blank control group, the K-L grade, Recht grade, WORMS and Mankin score of the model group were significantly increased (P<0.05,P<0.01). After the intervention and in comparison with the model group, the K-L grade, Recht grade, WORMS and Mankin score of both WNM and medication groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05,P<0.01). Results of SEM showed severe defect, bulge and uneven surface of the cartilage with irregular growth and regeneration, and those of TEM showed degeneration and swelling of chondrocytes, margination of endonuclear chromatin, reduction in the number of organelles with disordered arrangement, extreme expansion of endoplasmic reticulum with detachment of the ribosome, unclear mitochondria, and disordered distribution of collagen fibers in the extracellular matrix in the model group, which was relatively milder in both the WNM and medication groups. Compared with the medication group, the Mankin score in the WNM group was evidently lower (P<0.05)., Conclusion: WNM can effectively slow down the degeneration of cartilage and subchondral bone of KOA rabbits, delay the development of KOA.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of low dose combined chemotherapy（LDCC） for patients with relapsed and refractory aplastic anemia-paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria（AA-PNH） syndrome, and to analyze the advantages of LDCC in the treatment of AA-PNH syndrome., Methods: The clinical characteristics and the curative effect of LDCC in 9 patients with relapsed and refractory AA-PNH syndrome were retrospectively analyzed. Five patients were treated with MP therapy［melphalan 2 mg/(m 2 ·d); prednisone 0.5 mg/(kg·d)］, and the other 4 patients were treated with HA therapy(HHT 2 mg/d iv drip, for 5 days; Ara-C 100 mg/d iv drip, for 5 days). The changes of PNH clone, dosage of corticosteroid, hemolysis and the relapse of disease, hematological parameters and adverse reactions were compared before and after therapy. All patients were treated for 1-2 courses., Results: Seven out of 9 patients responded well, the dosage of corticosteroid and the bilirubin concentration decreased significantly and anemia was relieved in 7 patients (P<0.05). One patient relapsed in one year. PNH clone of 3 patients turned negative. Five patients did not rely on blood transfusion in 1 year. There was no bone marrow failure to be found in all patients., Conclusion: The LDCC has better efficacy and safety in the treatment of patients with AA-PNH syndrome, moreover, the patients is more tolerant to LDCC, thus the LDCC may be a selection for treatment of patients with relapsed and refractory AA-PNH syndrome.

To analyze the clinical characteristics of Maixuekang Capsules combined with traditional Chinese medicines in the treatment of patients with nephrotic syndrome,and provide references for improving rationality of clinical drug use. Based on the database of hospital information system(HIS) in 15 hospitals in China,the electrical medical records of the patients diagnosed as nephrotic syndrome and treated with Maixuekang Capsules were collected. Their diagnostic information and characteristics of combined traditional Chinese medicines were analyzed by using association rules. The results showed that 1 588 patients of nephrotic syndrome who used Maixuekang Capsules were often complicated with hypertension(863 cases,accounting for 7. 54%),anemia(551 cases,accounting for 4. 81%),and coronary heart disease(349 cases,accounting for 3. 05%). Maixuekang Capsules were mainly combined with Tabellae Rhei et Natrii Bicarbonatis,Baining Capsules,tanshinone,Ganmao Qingre Granule,Shuxuening Injection in treating nephrotic syndrome. The results indicated that in the real world,Maixuekang Capsules was mainly used in combination with traditional Chinese medicines such as blood-activating and stasis-removing agents,pathogens eliminating and supporting healthy Qi agents,digestants,anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory agents,wind-dispersing and antipyretic agents for patients with nephropathy. By the pharmacological effect,it was suitable for nephropathy patients based on combined diagnosis. The association rules of combination were specific,and can provide reference for subsequent studies and rational clinical medication of traditional Chinese medicines.

Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of decitabine combined with CAG regimen in the treat-ment of newly diagnosed elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML)., Methods: Fourty-nine patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (except M3) who were admitted to our hospital were selected. All the patients were older than 50 years old, and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation could not be performed for various reasons. Decitabine-based chemotherapy regimens were used during induction therapy including single decitabine therapy(DAC), decitabine combined with CAG regimen(DAC-CAG) and decitabine combined with HAAG regimen(DAC-HAAG). Most of patients continued to use the original treatment after complete remission, while others were given the standard "3+7" regimen chemotherapy. A total of 2-4 courses of treatment was conducted in the majority of patients., Results: All of the 49 patients completed the induction therapy, in which 26 cases achieved complete remission(CR), 7 cases achieved partial remission(PR) and no response(NR) existed in 16 cases. The complete remission and the overall response rate(ORR) were 53% and 67% respectively. The overall response rate of DAC group, DAC-CAG group and DAC-HAAG group were 17%, 77% and 63% respectively. 14 patients were infected and 1 patients died of pulmonary infection during the induction therapy. The median number of suspended red blood cells and platelet infused were 9 units and 69 units respectively. Neutrophil recovery time was 15.1 days while the platelet recovery time was 20.1 days during the induction therapy. The mean follow-up time was 21 months. Overall survival(OS) was 75% at 6 months, 30% at 1 year, and 26% at 2 year, while disease-free survival(DFS) was 83% at 3 months, 54% at 1 year, and 47% at 2 year. The induction therapy could reach CR that was an independent prognostic factor, however, the initial white blood cell count, platelet count, age, chemotherapy regimen, prognostic stratification and whether complical by pnenmonia during chemotherapy were not independent prognostic factors., Conclusion: The induction efficacy of decitabine combined with chemotherapy is superior to that of decitabine alone. The outcome of induction chemotherapy is an independent prognostic factor, however, the high white blood cell count, poor karyotype, complications and AML with myelodysplasia-related changes do not affect long-term survival. DAC-CAG regimen is effective and have relatively few adverse reactions in AML. It is suitable for the patients who are ineligible for conventional chemotherapy.

This study is aimed to identify and assess the methodological quality of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) clinical practice guidelines (CPG) in China by using AGREE Ⅱ tool. CNKI, SinoMed, Wanfang, and VIP Chinese databases from database establishment to March 2017 were searched by manual retrieval to collect all the clinical practice guidelines prepared by various associations or organizations, then AGREE Ⅱtool was used to assess them. Data in each CPG were analyzed in terms of six domains, including scope and purpose, participants, rigor, clarity and readability, applicability and editorial independence. A total of 4 CPGs were included. The results showed that the scope and purpose scored 45.8%; the clarity of expression scored 44.75%; the participants scored 31.9%; the rigor scored 18.98%; the applicability scored 7%; and finally the editorial independence scored 1%. It is concluded that the quality of applicability and the editorial independence should attained paid more attention in future development or updating of the guidelines. In addition to strengthening the compliance with international general principles, we should also pay attention to the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine treatment, especially the related evidences as complementary and alternative treatment for western intervention measures., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.)

At present, the study of clinical practice guide focuses on the quality of the guide, but not enough attention to the reporting standards of the practice guide, so how to standardize the report is an urgent problem in the field of evidence-based medicine. This paper uses the latest practice guidance reporting tool RIGHT standard, analyzes the latest two sepsis practice guidelines at home and abroad, and found that there are few problems in the basic information, recommendations and other information in 7 major areas, and many deficiencies in background, evidence, review and quality assurance, funding and declaration and management of interests, in particular, domestic guidance. We hope that the researchers will use the RIGHT standard to develop new guidelines for sepsis or other areas, standardize the report of the guide, especially the writing of traditional Chinese medicine guide, should reflect the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.)

Fluorescence spectrum of mixed solution between chlorothalonil and typical fruit juice (apple juice and peach juice) were obtained with fluorescence spectrophotometer. It was found that there was a characteristic peak in 352 nm of chlorothalonil. Regression analysis was applied in the modeling of relationship between fluorescence intensity and chlorothalonil concentration. Estimation function of chlorothalonil concentration was deduced through fluorescence spectrum and its derivative fluorescence spectrum. The correlation coefficients of the exponential prediction model under two kinds of spectral patterns were higher than 0.99, which was better than the linear function model. For the two kinds of fruit juice, the average recoveries of the exponential model function under the original spectral pattern were 101% and 100% while the average recoveries of the linear model were 110% and 118%, respectively; The average recoveries of the exponential model function under the derivative spectral mode were 101% and 102%, and the average recoveries of the linear model were 109% and 120% respectively. The analysis results showed that fluorescence spectrometry can be used to detect and predict the chlorothalonil residue in fruit juice, and the performance of established exponential function model was better than the linear function model. At the same time, derivative fluorescence spectrometry method was found to have no significant advantage in the concentration prediction model of chlorothalonil residue in fruit juice, so the original fluorescence spectrum can be directly applied in the modeling analysis.

Objective: To explore the comorbidity mechanism of asthma and depression., Methods: A self-developed questionnaire, which also contained Asthma Control Test (ACT), Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ) and Hamilton Rating Scale for depression ( HRSD), was administered in 41 participants with asthma (AS), asthma and depression (AD), or none any of these conditions (health control, HC). Lung function and blood levels of eosnophils and IgE were also detected in those in the AS and AD groups. Blood CD4+ T cells were isolated in all of the participants to extract RNA for reverse transcription to cDNA. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed using cDNA as a template to detected the expression levels of HTR1A, HTR2A, HTR7, SLC6A4, and B2M genes., Results: Participants with AS and AD had lower expression level of SLC6A4 than the healthy controls (P = 0.000). The expression level of HTR2A in participants with AS was lower than that in the healthy controls (P = 0.021) and marginally lower than that in participants with AD (P = 0.077). Participants with AD had lower AQLQ scores than participants with AS (P = 0.004)., Conclusion: Asthma and depression is correlated at gene level. Decreased expression of SLC6A4 gene may be one of the possible comorbidity mechanisms of asthma and depression.

Objective: To analyze the differential proteomic profiles of the plasma in patients with chronic hepatitis B presenting with damp-heat retention syndrome and liver stagnation-spleen deficiency syndrome., Methods: Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) were used to identify the differentially expressed proteins in the plasma of patients with chronic hepatitis B., Results: The numbers of plasma proteins detected in healthy volunteers, patients with damp-heat retention syndrome, and patients with liver stagnation-spleen deficiency syndrome were 278±16, 320±14 and 343±19, respectively. Seven differential protein spots were successfully identified by mass spectrum, and were classified into immunological proteins, inflammatory proteins, and lipid metabolism-related proteins., Conclusion: In patients with chronic hepatitis B, the multiple differential proteins between damp-heat retention syndrome and liver stagnation-spleen deficiency syndrome suggests the diverse molecular basis of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes, and they might be the molecular tags for different syndromes of the same disease.

Objective: To observe the expression of aquaporin 4 (AQP4) in diffuse brain injury (DBI) of rats and to explore the corresponding effect of AQP4 for brain edema., Methods: The rat model of DBI was established using Marmarou's impact-compression trauma model. Brain water content was measured by dry-wet weight method. Blood-brain barrier permeability was evaluated by Evans blue (EB) staining. Immunohistochemical method was used to observe the expression of AQP4., Results: Brain water content increased after 3 h and peaked at 24 h after DBI. Brain EB content significantly increased and peaked at 12 h after DBI. The expression of AQP4 significantly increased after 3 h and peaked at 24 h after DBI, and the number of AQP4 positive astrocytes increased., Conclusion: The increment of the permeability of blood-brain barrier and the expression of AQP4 may contribute to the development of brain edema in rat DBI. The change of AQP4 expression in astrocytes may also contribute to determine DBI.

This study was purposed to construct prokaryotic expression vector and to investigate the expression of Notch ligand Jagged1 in E.coli. An expression vector pET-hJagged1 was constructed, which can be inserted in Jagged1 with different lengths, but the DSL domain of human Jagged1 should be contained. Then the recombinant plasmids were transformed into the competent cell of E.coli BL21, and the expression of the fusion protein was induced by IPTG. Fusion protein was purified from the supernatant of cell lysates via the Nickel affinity chromatography. The results showed that prokaryotic expression vectors pET-hJagged1 (Bgl II), pET-hJagged1 (Hind I) and pET-hJagged1 (Stu I) were successfully constructed, but only pET-hJagged1 (Stu I) could express the soluble TRX-hJagged1. The purified TRX-Jagged1 protein could be obtained via the Nickel affinity chromatography, and then confirmed by Western Blot. It is concluded that prokaryotic expression vector pET-hJagged1 is successfully constructed, but only pET-hJagged1 (Stu I) can express the soluble TRX-hJagged1 and the TRX-Jagged1 fusion protein is obtained through the prokaryotic expression system, which laid a solid foundation for further to explore the effects of Jagged1 in hematopoietic and lymphoid system.

Objective: To study the prevalence of smoking and its influential factors among pupils in Shandong., Methods: A multi-stage stratified-cluster random sampling method was used in the survey. 6050 students from 3 different cities of Shandong province were selected as the study population. A self-administered anonymous questionnaire was designed and the survey was conducted by trained investigators., Results: The rate of attempting smoking among pupils under study in Shandong province was 6.0% while the current smoking rate was 1.2%. The average age of children who initiated smoking cigarette was 7.8±2.1 with 80.5% of them due to curiosity. 34.7% of them got the cigarettes from their families. In terms of the motivation of buying cigarettes, 74.3% of them claimed that the access to purchase was easy. Data from multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that the smoking behavior of pupils was influenced by their familial or surrounding environments., Conclusion: Tobacco control programs on pupils should be strengthened with more powerful control measures including health education.

Guo Ruo-ding's Han yao xin jue (New Recognition of Chinese Medicines) was the representative work of amalgamating Chinese and western pharmacy of the Republican period. Its first volume was published in Medicine Tomorrow in Peiping in installments, also with offprints; while the second volume was collected by his relatives. The whole book was published by the Shanghai Press of Science and Technology, carrying 208 kinds of Chinese materia medica mainly with individual drug descriptions, some compound prescriptions, and some western medicines. The amalgamating idea was expressed in three points: collection of both Chinese and western drugs; inheritance and creation with new idea of amalgamating Chinese and western medical systems; mutual consultation of Chinese and western medicine aiming at their amalgamation.

Evapotranspiration (ET) is an important component of water cycle, but its measurement in high altitude mountainous region is quite difficult, inducing the insufficient understanding on the actual ET in high altitude mountainous region and the effects of ET on this region' s water cycle. In this paper, two small type weighing mini-lysimeters were applied to measure the daily ET in a piece of grassland in a high altitude mountainous region of the Heihe River basin from July 1st, 2009 to June 30th, 2010. Based on the measured data, the methods of FAO-56 Penman-Monteith (F-P-M), Priestley-Taylor (P-T), and Hargreaves-Samani (H-S) were employed to estimate the ET to analyze the applicability of the three methods for the mountainous region, and the pan coefficient at the measurement spots was discussed. During the measurement period, the total annual ET at the measurement spots was 439.9 mm, accounting for 96.5% of the precipitation in the same period, and the ET showed an obvious seasonal distribution, being 389. 3 mm in May-October, accounting for 88. 5% of the annual value. All the three methods could be well applied to estimate the summer ET but not the winter ET, and their applicability followed the sequence of P-T > F-P-M > H-S. At the measurement spots, the daily pan coefficient in summer was 0.7-0. 8, while that in winter was quite variable.