Search

Copyright of Psychological Science is the property of Psychological Science Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Psychological Science is the property of Psychological Science Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Brewing is the property of China Brewing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

AIM: To investigate the therapeutic effect of tetrandrine （Tet） on mouse in vivo and in vitro models of severe acute pancreatitis （SAP） and its mechanisms. METHODS: （1） The pancreatic tissues of C57BL/6 mice were freshly isolated to obtain pancreatic acinar cells （PACs）. The cells were randomly divided into blank control （Ctrl） group, Tet group, injury ［induced by palmitoleic acid （POA） or taurolithocholic acid sodium salt （TLCS）］ groups and Tet treatment （Tet+POA or Tet+TLCS） groups. The Fluo-4 fluorescent probe was used to measure cytoplasmic calcium concentration. Propidium iodide staining was used to detect necrotic cells. The TMRM fluorescent probe was used to measure the changes of mitochondrial membrane potential. Reactive oxygen species （ROS） was detected by DCFH-DA fluorescent probe. （2） Thirty-five 8-week-old healthy male C57BL/6 mice were randomly selected and divided into Ctrl group, sham group, Tet group, fatty acid ethyl ester-induced acute pancreatitis （FAEE-AP） group, TLCS-induced acute pancreatitis （TLCS-AP） group, Tet+FAEE-AP group and Tet+TLCS-AP group, with 5 mice in each group. The morphological changes of the pancreas were observed using HE staining. The positive staining rates of C/EBP homologous protein （CHOP） in the pancreas were observed by immunohistochemistry. The expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 （GRP78）, protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase （PERK）, p-PERK and CHOP was detected by Western blot. Serum levels of amylase, interleukin-6（ IL-6）, malondialdehyde（ MDA）, glutathione peroxidase（ GSH-Px）, superoxide dismutase（ SOD） and catalase （CAT） were assayed. Myeloperoxidase （MPO） activity was detected in mouse pancreatic and lung tissues. RESULTS: Treatment with Tet effectively inhibited POA- or TLCS-induced calcium overload and necrosis in PACs, attenuated the decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduced ROS production in vitro （P<0. 01）. Compared with Ctrl group, the pancreatic pathological score, serum amylase activity, serum IL-6 level, and MPO activity in the pancreas and lung in vivo significantly increased in SAP groups（ P<0. 01）. However, the administration of Tet significantly alleviated the tissue damage and inflammatory response （P<0. 01）. Compared with SAP groups, Tet reduced the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related GRP78/PERK/CHOP signaling pathway （P<0. 01）, decreased serum peroxide MDA, and increased antioxidants GSH-Px, SOD and CAT （P<0. 01）. CONCLUSION: Treatment with Tet effectively attenuates SAP in mouse models by the inhibition of calcium overload, the alleviation of mitochondrial membrane potential decrease, and the reduction of endoplasmic reticulum stress response and oxidative stress damage to protect against the necrosis of PACs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Lubrication Engineering (0254-0150) is the property of Editorial Office of LUBRICATION ENGINEERING and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to explore the present situation and developmental tendency of cognitive diagnostic research in Chinese Mainland, the article conducts a bibliometric analysis of the literature amount, subject contents, subject distribution, authors, institutions, citation analysis, periodicals distribution and foundation aids on 94 papers about cognitive diagnostic from 1980 to 2011 included in China Academic Journal Network Publishing Database (CAJD).The results are as follows. (1) Cognitive diagnostic research showed a rapid growth from 2004 in Chinese Mainland but the literature amount was less than foreign countries; (2) The theoretical researches made up 80.85% of the total and the other were the application of the cognitive diagnostic method. Of the studies in which a new method or a reformed model was developed, 95% verified the new method through the simulation experiment. The researches before 2006 were mostly introductory, while the diagnostic techniques were developed in the past two years. The applied researches were carried out in many disciplines but most researches failed to report diagnostic reliability and validity. (3 ) The main content of the study were Q matrix theory, Cognitive Diagnostic Model and computerized adaptive testing with cognitive diagnosis. (4) Cooperative research has become the main pattern and the rate of coauthoring is 82. 98%, the co-operation rate was 2.51. The key research group has been formed and Ding Shuliang, Xin Tao, Dai Haiqi, Tu Dongbo, Cai Yan, Yu Jiayuan, Wang Wenyi, Yang Shuqun, Chen Ping and Ding Qiulin are the leading authors. (5) The percentage of cited papers in all published articles was 77. 66%, and the average rate of each original article cited by other researchers was 6. 88, 30 articles (31.91% of the total papers) were cited 5 times or more and 58. 89% of the total frequency of citation come from 10 classic theses. (6) The literature was mainly distributed in the basic subjects of psychology, education and computer science and the literature amount of three subjects are respectively 46, 24 and 22. (7) Most of the cognitive diagnostic researches were funded by various grants and 36. 17% of all the papers were supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China. (8) Most articles were published in psychological journals, and 22. 11% were published in Psychological Science and Acta Psychologica Sinica. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In cognitive diagnostic computerized adaptive testing ( CD - CAT), researchers have to take three aspects into consideration in item selection procedure: how to enhance accuracy of item selection methods; how to control the item exposure; and how to balance the attribute coverage. We reviewed some existing important item selection methods, and analyzed their drawbacks in this article. We also introduced three improved methods; Mao Xiuzhen's two averaged PWKL, Chen Ping's exposure control method, and Chong Weifeng's attribute balancing method which uses the distance between a posterior probability of attribute mastery and 0.5. Compared with the old methods, these three new methods can do better in item selection. In the end, we discussed the relationship between the above-mentioned three aspects and the research direction of item selection methods in CD - CAT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]