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ObjectivesThe operating state under the condition of high-pressure turbine damage will have a certain impact on the performance and vibration of the gas turbine. At present, the means to accurately assess whether the whole machine can continue to be in service was relatively lacking. Therefore, the research on the influence of the tip groove wear and block shedding of the high-pressure turbine rotor blade on the aerodynamic performance and vibration deformation had been carried out.MethodsUsing the three-dimensional numerical simulation method, based on the original tip groove structure of the blade, the influence of five different tip groove damage shapes on typical aerodynamic performance and vibration characteristics of the high pressure turbine was simulated and analyzed.ResultsThe damage of the blade tip groove on the pressure side with falling block, suction side with falling block, trailing edge with falling block, pressure side and trailing edge with falling blocks simultaneous, or pressure side, suction side and trailing edge with falling blocks simultaneous of rotor blades cause an efficiency decrease of 0.44%, 1.6%, 0.03%, 0.67%, and 3.2%, respectively. Different blade squealer tip shapes have a smaller impact on the vibration deformation of the rotor blade, while trailing edge with falling block reduces the deformation of the rotor blade.ConclusionsBased on the analysis results of comprehensive performance and vibration, rotor blades with falling blocks at pressure side, trailing edge, or both can continue to be used. However, it is not recommended to use rotor blades with falling blocks at suction side or pressure side, suction side and trailing edge.

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are ectopic lymphoid structures found in non-lymphoid tissues under chronic inflammatory conditions in recent years. Similar to lymph nodes, TLS primarily consist of B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and dendritic cells. TLS are also the direct sites where antitumor immune responses are initiated. Within tumors, TLS promote the aggregation of immune cells, particularly effector T cells and B cells, to the tumor microenvironment, providing an important local site for cellular and humoral antitumor immune responses. This underscores their potential to predict favorable patient prognosis and positive responses to immune therapies. This review provides an overview of assessing and characterizing tumor-associated TLS, detailing their structural elements, composition, and the factors driving their formation. Furthermore, it explores TLS as promising biomarkers in tumor immunotherapy and their prospective clinical applications. The review also addresses the challenges and future prospects of TLS in the context of tumor immunotherapy.

Energy is an important component of urban carbon emissions. Assessing the peak of urban energy carbon is a necessary means to implement the national “double carbon” strategy. For this reason, this paper proposes an energy carbon peaking assessment method based on Mann-Kendall trend test for carbon emission of urban energy. By constructing a carbon monitoring system covering elements such as energy carbon emissions, clean energy generation, and transportation electric energy substitution, the total energy carbon emissions of the city are calculated by combining historical data. In view of the seasonality and randomness of energy carbon emissions, the Mann-Kendall trend test was used to establish a model for determining urban energy carbon peaking and to measure regional carbon emissions in different periods. Taking an administrative region in Shanghai as an example, the peak status of energy carbon in this region is judged from the perspective of year and quarter. The results show that based on the annual data, the region has reached its peak energy carbon in 2020. Based on quarterly data, peak energy carbon has been achieved in summer and autumn, while spring and winter are still in plateau. The methods proposed in this paper can be used to assess the carbon peak status in the city, and provide a reference for examining the carbon peak process in other provinces and cities.

The shaft is a key project, including the mining of shaft engineering minerals and the development and utilization of underground space. As the lower part of the proposed shaft has the advantage of a production system, the use of gravity slag removal is one of the important directions for the development of large-diameter shaft drilling technology. Aiming at the problems such as discontinuous slag discharge, low efficiency, and difficult to cooperate with the rock breaking process, the bucket type slag discharge technology exists. It is necessary to explore how to change the slag discharge mode of the working face during shaft sinking. The gravity slag removal process can improve the efficiency of shaft sinking, that is, through the pre establishment of a small diameter pilot shaft connecting the upper and lower levels of the proposed shaft, or when the upper horizontal construction conditions are not available, the pilot shaft can be directly drilled upward horizontally under the shaft. Under the action of gravity, the crushed rock slag will fall directly to the lower level and then be transported and discharged by loading equipment. Firstly, the applicability and limitation of the slag removal technology with positive and reverse fluid circulation in mechanical rock breaking drilling are discussed. Based on the weight of rock slag, the process of gravity slag removal is proposed. The development status of mechanical rock breaking and gravity slag removal technologies such as large-diameter shaft raise drilling, direct upward raise drilling and pilot shaft boringare analyzed.The problems faced by mechanical rock breaking drilling technology based on gravity slag removal at this stage, such as efficient crushing, stable and reliable drilling tools, controllable drilling deflection, and intelligent drilling, are summarized. The technical processes and equipment of pilot hole drilling, pilot shaft drilling, drilling and blasting expansion, raise shaft drilling expansion, raise shaft drill expansion and shaft boring machine expansion are systematically sorted out. A comprehensive well completion process system with different process combinations has been established. Mechanical rock breaking shaft sinking technology based on gravity slagging will continue to play an important role in the construction of large-diameter shafts in coal mines, metal mines, hydropower, transportation and other fields, and provide reference and reference for the technical development of unmanned, mechanized and intelligent shaft construction.

针对小样本条件下多元时间序列之间的关联分析问题, 提出了一种小样本概率关联度模型。使用样本函数或样本统计量代替样本构造累积经验分布函数并计算概率关联系数。当比较序列样本容量n < 5, 使用样本顺序统计量的经验分布函数计算概率关联系数; 当比较序列样本容量n≥5, 使用Bootstrap方法重抽样扩充样本后再构造经验分布函数计算概率关联系数, 改进了概率关联度模型中关联系数的计算方法, 解决了小样本条件下这一类多元数据关联分析问题。证明了小样本概率关联度模型满足的基本性质, 给出了小样本概率关联分析的基本步骤, 仿真案例和实际应用验证了文中模型的正确性和有效性。

Existing calculation methods of carbon emission cannot well meet the needs of gradual refinement and real-time of carbon emission regions. In order to ensure the real-time and accuracy of carbon emissions responsibility allocation, a real-time calculation method of carbon emissions in urban regions is proposed. The improved K-means clustering algorithm is used to cluster and combine the operating periods and operating scenarios of the urban area energy load,so as to obtain the typical carbon emission characteristics. The regional unit electricity carbon emission is proposed as a carbon emission indicator, the operating period and scenario are classified, and the unit electricity carbon emission and the total carbon emission of urban regions for each cluster are calculated. The proposed algorithm is verified based on part of the historical data of energy consumption in the energy brain of a certain region in eastern China. The results show that the clustering method and carbon emission indicators can effectively calculate the total carbon emission of urban regions in real-time.

In view of the unstable performance of the cold-end system of traditional power plants and the high annual operating cost, a mathematical model based on the heat, resistance, civil construction and annual operating cost calculation of the direct flow cold end system based on negative digging depth was established, and the cold end system configuration was obtained from different conditions outside the tower. The optimal configuration was used to analyze the effect of cooling water for intlet tower water temperature, coagulator area unit price and condenser negative digging depth on the performance of cold end system. The results show that reducing the cooling water for intlet tower water temperature and condenser area unit price can reduce the annual operating cost of cold end system. The performance parameters of the cold end system with a negative digging depth of 3 to 5 m reach the lager value. Therefore, selecting the cold end system configuration according to different weather parameters outside the tower can improve the operating efficiency of the power plant and reduce the annual operating cost of the cold end system.

Electronics manufacturing is a pillar industry of strategic importance for China’s economy. As the supply and ecological chains of global electronics manufacturing industry are currently being reshaped, conducting research on back-end electronics manufacturing equipment and their key components becomes extremely important for the high-quality development of the electronics manufacturing industry in China. This study analyzed the development status and trends of the back-end electronics manufacturing equipment industry in China and abroad and summarized the international technological competition characteristics of the industry, that is, the pursuit of high density and miniaturization of electronic devices as well as high efficiency and low cost in the manufacturing process. The electronics manufacturing equipment industry of China faces problems such as weakness in independent and fundamental technologies, a single market competition model, and severe dependence in imports. Additionally, 12 major technical fields and fundamental contents that China needs to focus on were summarized from the aspects of key processes, core equipment, and components. Empirical analysis was conducted on four typical electronics manufacturing enterprises to summarize their development strategies and experiences. The significance of innovation, key technologies, and market iteration for the development of related enterprises were clarified. Furthermore, corresponding countermeasures for the development of China’s back-end electronics manufacturing equipment and their components were proposed from the aspects of top-level design, industrial layout, market competition, enterprise development, technological innovation, and talent training.

The fundamental extraction principle, production process, and instrument of the subcritical fluid (including water) technology in terms of the aquatic products materials were introduced in this review, and the academic progress of SFE technology in extracting and separating nutritional components from the aquatic products within the recent 10 years were summarized, in terms of proteins/peptides, lipids and polysaccharides from aquatic products. The advantages of different processing factors for the extraction of specific components were summarized, and the future development direction of SFE equipment and technology in the deep processing of aquatic products was prospected.

Given inadequate smoke abatement measures in the case of underground cable fire， a high-power ultrasonic transducer that can work in the air is designed using numerical simulation technology. The transducer is used as an ultrasonic sound source to experimentally investigate the acoustic agglomeration effect of eliminating cable smoke particles. The change of transmittance and visibility of solid and liquid phase fire smoke is studied. The results show that the transducer works stably with resonance frequency being 20 kHz and the sound pressure level up to 150 dB. The high-power ultrasonic field can quickly increase the light transmittance and visibility of the cable fire smoke. When the fire smoke consists of solid-phase particles， after 50 s of action time， the visibility of the fire field can reach the personnel escape threshold. For fire smoke dominated by liquid phase particles， the personnel escape threshold can be reached at only 12 s.

The most basic and direct method for simulation model validation is to compare the consistency of missile flight data and simulation data under the same input conditions. However, the existing dynamic data consistency analysis methods are mainly suitable for the case between 1-D missile flight data and 1-D simulation data, and do not conform to the consistency test of single sample flight data and multi-sample simulation data in equipment qualification/finalization test. To solve this problem, a simulation model validation method based on probabilistic relational analysis is proposed. The consistency of output data is measured from the two scales of probability relational coefficient and probability relational degree. The probability relational coefficient is determined by calculating the cumulative distribution probability value of real missile flight samples in the distribution function constructed by simulation data. The probability correlation degree is calculated by judging whether the probability relational coefficient satisfies the uniform distribution of[0 1]. The consistency analysis problem of a kind of dynamic data association is solved accordingly. The correlation theorem that the probability relational degree must satisfy and its property are proved. Meanwhile the operation steps of simulation model verification based on probability correlation analysis are given. This method can process all multi-dimensional simulation data at the same time, and integrate the random factors in the test process, so it can make full use of the test information under the condition of small sample flight test, and improve precision and the reliability of simulation model verification. The rationality and validity of this method are further verified by numerical tests and application examples.

With the support of advanced measurement technologies and regulation terminals,demand-side flexible resources such as electric vehicles and air-conditioning loads in smart buildings have good power response potential in real time and can be aggregated to form virtual power plants to participate in frequency regulation auxiliary service of the system. To protect the needs of users when virtual power plants participate in frequency regulation auxiliary services,a control strategy for smart building-based virtual power plants is proposed in this paper. Firstly,the frequency regulation operation mode of the virtual power plant is analyzed,and a typical demand-side resource model and virtual energy storage model of the smart building-based virtual power plants are established. Secondly,considering the uncertainty of frequency regulation signal and user side,a day-ahead optimal scheduling model based on opportunity constrained planning is established. Then the real-time power allocation is realized based on the principle of cost optimization. Finally,the effectiveness and feasibility of the frequency regulation strategy of the virtual power plants proposed in this paper are verified by simulation calculations,and the joint scheduling of demand-side resources can improve the revenue of the virtual power plants while safeguarding the needs of users.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the best thawing method of squid in storage and processing. Methods: Three kinds of squid were thawed by four thawing methods: low temperature thawing, ultrasonic thawing, flowing water thawing and hydrostatic thawing. The changes of sensory quality, texture characteristics, thawing loss rate, cooking loss rate, volatile base total nitrogen (TVB-N value), thiobarbituric acid value (TBARS value) and salt-soluble protein content (SSP value) of different squid were investigated during the thawing process. Results: Ultrasonic thawing took the shortest time, but thawing loss rate was high and the juice loss was serious; The low temperature thawing time was too long, with high TBARS value but poor quality; The loss rates of hydrostatic thawing and cooking were high, and the phenomena of protein degradation and fat oxidation were serious; The mastication of squid was better under flowing water thawing, and the loss rate of thawing was relatively low, and the characteristics of muscle structure were maintained well. Conclusion: Flow water thawing is the most suitable thawing method for squid.

Since the outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), 2.1% of the world's populationhas been infected and millions of people have died. COVID-19 has become the most serious public health problemthroughout the world. Immune system is very important to control and eliminate SARS-CoV-2. The imbalance ofimmune responses aggravates lung tissue inflammatory injury and other organ damages. Here, we elaborate the pro‐cess of SARS-CoV-2 infection, the innate and adaptive immune response of host cells against SARS-CoV-2, theclassification and preparation of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, and immunotherapy drugs from the perspective of im‐mune mechanism, which provides a scientific basis for the diagnosis, condition monitoring, treatment and progno‐sis of COVID-19.

Objective To explore the four diagnostic information of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the distribution profile of syndrome types of common COVID-19 patients with positive nucleic acid retest after discharge in Xiaogan area, so as to provide basis for collecting experience and formulating scientific and efficient treatment regimen. Methods The clinical data of 52 cases of common COVID-19 patients with positive nucleic acid re-examination after discharge were collected from the First People's Hospital of Xiaogan City, Hubei Province with the basic information of patients, under lying diseases, four diagnosis information of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the distribution of syndrome types of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Results There were 22 cases (42.31%) showed abnormal clinical manifestations in 52 cases of common COVID-19 positive nucleic acid recheck after discharge, including 17 cases of cough (32.69%), followed by constipation, chest tightness, diarrhea, poor appetite, weakness, shortness of breath and other symptoms. The tongue was mainly dark red (50.00%), followed by light red and red. The tongue coating was mainly yellow greasy (53.85%), followed by white greasy, thin white, thin yellow and less coating. Clinical syndrome types were classified as 24 cases (46.15%) of dampness toxin stagnation lung syndrome, followed by cold dampness obstruction lung syndrome, lung spleen Qi deficiency syndrome and Qi Yin deficiency syndrome. Conclusions The syndrome differentiation of common COVID-19 patients with positive nucleic acid re-examination after discharge is mainly damp toxin stagnation of lung syndrome. The main pathogenic factors are damp and toxin, so the treatment should focus on dispelling dampness.

The concept of “minimally invasive dentistry” aims to provide conservative treatment of cavities in which sound dentin is removed. Because the Er: YAG laser can selectively remove caries, the smear layer is removed, dentin tubules are exposed after the preparation of substrate conditioning, and its advantages of precision, safety and painlessness are deeply valued. At the same time, the bonding strength between the prepared dentin surface and the filling material is different due to the different parameters of the Er: YAG laser. In this paper, the principle of dentin bonding, the mechanism of Er: YAG laser action, after treatment of dentin with different parameters (power, energy density, pulse duration, and irradiation distance), whether there is thermal damage to pulp tissue, the ultramicro morphology of dentin surface, the bonding properties of different bonding systems and the filling materials between irradiated hard tissues were reviewed. An appropriate parameter range (power ≤ 10 Hz, energy density ≤ 60 mJ, and pulse duration ≤ 50 μs) combined with water spray cooling will not cause thermal damage to the pulp tissue, while the higher power, energy density and pulse duration of laser treatment for dentin will lead to melting, carbonization, cracks, narrowing of the gap between collagen fibers, etc., which will limit the penetration of adhesives and have a negative impact on bonding. However, whether the adhesive systems based on the smear layer are suitable for dentin after laser treatment needs to be further explored.

Forensic palynology is to apply palynology to the field of forensic science, using pollen and spores to solve issues in juridical practice, such as civil and criminal issues. Sporopollens have a small size, wide distribution, diverse morphology, can be easily transferred, have durability, and is not easily noticed. It can provide strong investigation and related evidence for case detection as good trace evidence. The application of palynology in forensic science has achieved certain success, but it is underutilized in most countries. This paper analyzes the evidence value provided by sporopollen, collection of the sporopollen samples, the progress in detection technology and challenges ahead, based on the biological characteristics of sporopollen, combined with recent successful cases in forensic science, to comprehensively discuss the research progress in forensic palynology and its application prospects in forensic science.

Pyrite cinder is one of the important secondary resources; however, the arsenic typically contained in pyrite cinder is harmful to metallurgical process. The removal of arsenic can improve the value of pyrite cinders. Thus, a pretreatment method for removal of arsenic from pyrite cinders using a Na2S-NaOH solution was investigated in this paper. A single factor experiment was conducted to determine the appropriate concentration ranges of NaOH and Na2S, and then the response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the leaching parameters. The results indicate that the optimized RSM model is reliable. The temperature, NaOH concentration, and Na2S concentration have significant effects on the arsenic removal. The higher temperature is found to be favorable to the leaching of arsenic, and a significant interaction is found between the concentrations of NaOH and Na2S. The content of arsenic in the leaching slag can be reduced to 0.08% at 80℃ when the concentration of NaOH and Na2S is 0.34 and 0.12 mol·L-1, respectively.

Against the phenomenon that oil leakage at joint of one longitudinal transmission is fed back from market,firstly,the finite element method is applied to analyze the static gap of joint surface of housing.Secondly,considering the working conditions of first gear and reverse gear,the dynamic gap of the joint surface of housing is analyzed,and a surface pressure test against the housing is carried out,the correctness of theoretical analysis is verified,meanwhile it is found that the oil leakage is caused by the quality of the joint surface of the housing. At last,simulating the reality of transmission producing,the joint surface is coated with sealant before making a surface pressure test which shows that the joint surface has uniform pressure and reliable seal,and the theory design is proved to be free of problems,a reference for the study of the tightness of transmission housing joint surface is provided.

Objective To analyze the causes of surgical complications after treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) and lumbar intervertebral foraminal stenosis by percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED). Methods From December 2009 to December 2014, 286 patients with LDH (N = 201) and lumbar intervertebral foraminal stenosis (N = 85) were confirmed by X-ray, CT or MRI and treated by PTED in our hospital. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the degree of pain in each paitent before and after operation. The curative effect was evaluated by Macnab score. Surgical complications were recorded to find out the causes and methods to prevent them. Results All cases were followed up for 3 months, and the VAS score decreased significantly compared with preoperation [1.00 (0.00, 1.05) vs 8.50 (7.75, 9.25); Z = 2.825, P = 0.050]. According to Macnab score, the rate of excellent and good functional recovery was 95.45% (273/286). Procedure-related complications included nerve injury in 8 cases (2.80%), hemorrhage at the operation site and hematoma formation around nerve root in 6 cases (2.10%), rupture of dural sac in one case (0.35%), muscle cramps in 3 cases (1.05%), surgical infection in one case (0.35%), postoperative recurrence in 4 cases (1.40%). All patients with complications were cured after symptomatic treatment. Conclusions The overall effect of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy for treating lumbar disc herniation and lumbar intervertebral foraminal stenosis is satisfactory, which has a low incidence rate of postoperative complications. Some tips can effectively reduce the rate of surgical complications such as preoperative evaluation, precise performance, careful hemostasis, shortening the operation time and postoperatively symptomatic treatment, etc. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2016.04.007

In order to prevent critical data of gas monitoring system of coal mine from tampering and ensure data security, the paper proposed a method of using symmetric encryption algorithm to encrypt important field in database of SQL Server 2008 and restore data by key and decryption function. Any changes to the encrypted data cannot be achieved unless knowing the key and using the decryption function, so as to effectively prevent the illegal operation of critical data and protect sensitive data. Practical application confirmed validity of the critical data encryption algorithm.

Equivalent power consumption coding algorithm not only could improve algorithm efficiency,but also could be against the power analysis attacks.But it had weaknesses in all-zero exponential segment because of a defect of pseudo-operation design.So a new pseudo-operation was proposed to improve the algorithm’s security.And a rapid im-plementation using Montgomery algorithm was presented too.It could accelerate the operation with no-lower safety.The research’s validity is proved in the real power testing platform.

A power analysis model on modulo exponentiation’s computation suitable for real environment was presented in the basis of analysis to the great amount of power traces in the rough.And a method of signal processing for extracting exponential information from the initial power traces was inferred too.Hereby,a power analysis platform was designed and implemented.The exponential information submerged in power traces of 32bit modulo exponentiation algorithms applied in a FPGA chip was successfully extracted where after.Meanwhile,a conclusion about SPA attack on RSA made by Messerges et al,such as the problem with an SPA attack was that the information about the secret key was difficult to directly observe,was proved to be incorrect.Finally,the static masking algorithm for modulo exponentiation of anti-SPA attack was also validated in this testing platform.

An irregular LDPC decoder with a code length of 7 493 bits for DTMB system was implemented based on SMIC 0.13μm CMOS process.A new method to control memories was proposed,which can reuse memories for three different code rates only by increasing 5% memory usage.The throughput of the LDPC decoder is up to 150Mbit/s with the max iterative number of 15.While keeping the throughout of 50Mbit/s,its max iterative number can reach 45.The FPGA synthesis reports and the decoder layout in SMIC 0.13μm CMOS technology are given.

[Objective] Asphalt pavement structural layers experience stress and strain under mobile loads generated by vehicles. Exceedance of the material limit of strain or stress in a structural layer leads to fractures or damage, ultimately causing pavement cracking. Therefore, it is very important to clarify whether the strain in each structural layer can be coordinated and whether the stress remains below the limit value. This clarification is essential for ensuring the structural integrity of the pavement and prolonging its service life, making it a key issue in the design of pavement structural layer combinations. [Methods] To solve this issue, this study establishes a three-dimensional model of the pavement structure using the large-scale finite-element software ABAQUS and applies a moving rectangular load in the pavement model to simulate the dynamic response of the actual pavement under the action of moving vehicle loads. Based on the finite-element calculation results, this study analyzes the changes in stress, strain, and displacement of the upper layer, middle surface layer, lower layer, base layer, and sub-base layer of an asphalt pavement under the action of moving loads. Moreover, the effects of axle load, temperature, and vehicle speed on the vertical displacement, stress, and strain of each layer are systematically studied, providing a foundation for pavement design. [Results and Conclusions] The test results indicate that when the moving load is directly above the observation point, the vertical displacement, stress, and strain reach their peak values, which gradually decrease with increasing pavement depth. Moreover, the vertical displacements of the asphalt pavement layers under moving loads were most affected by axle loads, followed by temperature, and least affected by temperature. In addition, the slopes of the curves decrease with increasing pavement depth. Compared with vehicle speed, the effects of axle load and temperature change on the vertical displacement of the pavement are more significant. Furthermore, the vertical and shear stresses in the layers of the asphalt pavement under moving loads increase with increasing axle load, temperature, and vehicle speed and decrease with increasing pavement depth. The effect of axle load changes on stresses is more pronounced than that of vehicle speed and temperature. In addition, the trends of vertical and shear strains and stresses are similar for all layers of asphalt pavement. The stress and strain conditions within the pavement structure are complex. In the design process, controlling the most unfavorable stress and strain in each structural layer is essential to meet the design requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tunnel construction and continuous drought both can cause significant decrease in groundwater level in karst regions, which can bring serious ecological and environmental issues. Thus, a quantitative evaluation of the influence of these two factors on karst groundwater system is important for engineers and local residents to take effective countermeasures. In this study, the coupled discrete conduit-continuum model method was used to establish a three-dimensional numerical model considering dynamic construction progress in the Jiulongling tunnel construction region. The model was calibrated by using hydrogeological information of study area and available observations. The effects of tunnel construction and drought on the groundwater system during August-October 2022 were evaluated by using the method of controlling single influencing factor. The results showed that the range of groundwater levels affected by drought during the equilibrium period of the study area accounts for 55.43% (about 649.72 km³), which is 35.1 times of the impact of tunnel construction, which indicates that the drought was the main reason for the lowering of the groundwater level in the study area. With the continuous drought, the overall decline of groundwater level along the tunnel was mainly affected by drought, but the significant decline of water level at some sporadic locations above (such as 14 - 15 km, 18 - 19 km from the tunnel entrance) the tunnel axis could be attributed to the water inrush into a tunnel segment under construction. According to water balance analysis, during the equilibrium period of August-October 2022, the reduction in recharge due to drought was about 8.245x106 m³, which was significantly more than the groundwater loss caused by tunnel inrush, and the continuous drought had the greatest impact on the groundwater in the study area. This work demonstrates the impacts of underground engineering activities and drought on spatial and temporal evolutions of karst groundwater, and can provide guidance and reference for the hydrogeological assessment of the impact of underground engineering projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the influence of bimodal pore structure on the mechanical properties of unsaturated soil, two typical bimodal pore structure clays in Nanning and Guilin in Guangxi were selected as target materials and the shear strength characteristics under different saturation conditions were analyzed. The effect mechanism of pore water distribution status on the strength of two kinds of soils with bimodal pore structure was explored by filter paper method and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique. The results show that the T2 distribution curves of the two samples have bimodal structure under saturated condition. Moreover, on the whole, the water retention characteristics of soil samples show bimodal soil-water characteristic curve. The stress-displacement relationship of the two kinds of soil is similar and the shear strength is closely related to saturation. The change trend of soil sample cohesion changes when the saturation is 40%, while the internal friction angle reaches the minimum at a saturation of 80%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In August 2021, a warm-sector heavy rainfall event under the control of the western Pacific subtropical high occurred over the southeastern coast of China. Induced by a linearly shaped mesoscale convective system (MCS), this heavy rainfall event was characterized by localized heavy rainfall, high cumulative rainfall, and extreme rainfall intensity. Using various observational data, this study first analyzed the precipitation features and radar reflectivity evolution. It then examined the role of environmental conditions and the relationship between the ambient wind field and convective initiation (CI). Furthermore, the dynamic lifting mechanism within the organization of the MCS was revealed by employing multi-Doppler radar retrieval methods. Results demonstrated that the linearly shaped MCS, developed under the influence of the subtropical high, was the primary cause of the extreme rainfall event. High temperatures and humidity, coupled with the convergence of low-level southerly winds, established the environmental conditions for MCS development. The superposition of the convergence zone generated by the southerly winds in the boundary layer (925–1000 hPa) and the divergence zone in the lower layer (700–925 hPa) supplied dynamic lifting conditions for CI. Additionally, a longterm shear line (southerly southwesterly) offered favorable conditions for the organization of the linearly shaped MCS. The combined effects of strengthening low-level southerly winds and secondary circulation in mid-upper levels were influential factors in the development and maintenance of the linearly shaped MCS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, public hospitals in China have entered a phase of high-quality development, with health insurance payment system reforms becoming a crucial means to promote this advancement. However, from the current situation, although the diagnosis related group (DRG) payment reform has made great achievements in shortening the average length of stay, improving the case-mix index, and reducing the mortality rate of low-risk groups, there are also many problems and challenges such as incomplete supporting policies, the classification system needs to be updated, the quality of medical record home pages varies, the quality of coding urgently needs to be improved, and how to deal with the use of new technologies. Thus, revisiting the impact of the DRG payment method on the high-quality development of public hospitals will not only help to understand the current challenges more clearly, but also offer valuable insights for further improving and optimizing the payment method of health insurance in the future.

The micro/nano-structured graphitic carbon nitride has been widely used in photocatalytic splitting water to hydrogen/oxygen， photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants， photocatalytic organic synthesis， sensors and biomedicine， and has become one of the non-metallic polymer semiconductor photocatalysts hot issues. The latest progress in the synthesis of micro/nano-structured g-C3N4， including microwave heating， molten salt， template， exfoliation and supramolecular self-assembly method， was summarized. In particular， the advantages of supramolecular self-assembly technology in the regulation and preparation efficiency of micro/nano-structured g-C3N4 was reviewed. Furthermore， the effect of raw material system and technological process on the morphology and structure of g-C3N4 by supramolecular self-assembly technology was discussed. Finally， the practical challenges relevant to fine control and directional design of g-C3N4 micro/nano-structure by supramolecular self-assembly technology were summarized. The future directions of the technique， such as the interdisciplinary research among different synthesis methods， the combination with molecular dynamics simulations， and the establishment of abundant raw material system and process parameter database，are prospected.

Nurse preceptors serve as clinical nurses while also having multiple teaching duties. This high-pressure work environment can easily cause sleep disturbance. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of an eight-week mindfulness-based program on work stress and sleep disturbance in nurse preceptors. A single group repeated measures study was conducted with 35 nurse preceptors incorporated into the study. Descriptive and repeated measure ANOVA statistical analysis showed that nurse preceptors in the mindfulness intervention reported significant decreases in sleep disturbance. Although the overall change in work stress was not enough to achieve statistical significance, competency pressure decreased at the 4th and 8th weeks. This study provides preliminary evidence that mindfulness-based interventions may improve sleep and reduce work competency pressure. (Tzu Chi Nursing Journal, 2023; 22:4, 61-72) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the Peltier effect, a method of real-time controlling battery temperature through thermoelectric device (TED) was proposed. It integrated the refrigeration and heating functions of TED, has a good temperature control effect, and can meet the thermal management needs of battery modules. The battery module consists of 3x5 rows of cylindrical batteries filled with foam metal composite phase change materials, and the thermoelectric device was arranged on the large face of the battery module shell. Compared with the liquid cooling experiment, thermoelectric refrigeration could significantly reduce the temperature of the battery module at 1 ~ 5 W of single cell heat generation power, and control the temperature difference of the module within 5 °C. The temperature control experiment further shows that the TED controlled by the thermostat in real-time can effectively stabilize the module temperature and control the temperature fluctuation within 2 ~ 3 °C. In addition, a one-dimensional thermal resistance network was established, and the thermal performance of TED was analyzed based on steady-state theory. The result shows that under the refrigeration condition, the cold junction temperature of TED is decreasing first and then increasing with increasing of its current, and the hot junction temperature is proportional to the TED current. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundNon-suicidal self-injury （NSSI） behavior has become a major public health concern and can have significant implications for the physical and mental health of adolescents. Peer victimization is a risk factor for adolesents to have NSSI behavior， so exploring the relationship and underlying mechanism between peer victimization and NSSI functions will provide a promising strategy for the prevention and intervention of NSSI behavior.ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between peer victimization and NSSI functions in adolescents with unipolar and bipolar depression， so as to provide references for the intervention of NSSI behavior in adolescent patients with unipolar and bipolar depression.MethodsUsing multi-stage stratified sampling， 940 adolescents with unipolar and bipolar depression who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5） criteria for bipolar depressive episodes or depressive disorders were selected from 14 psychiatric hospitals in China. All participations were assessed using Chinese version of the Functional Assessment of Self-Mutilation （C-FASM）， Multidimensional Peer-Victimization Scale （MPVS）， UCLA Loneliness Scale （UCLA-LS） and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 item （PHQ-9）. Pearson correlation coefficient was to assess the correlation among above scales， and the model fit and path coefficients for mediation were analyzed with model 4 in Process 4.0 for SPSS.ResultsA total of 698 （74.26%） adolescents with unipolar and bipolar depression completed the questionnaire survey. NSSI behavior was detected in 374 patients （53.58%）. Among adolescents with unipolar and bipolar depression and NSSI behavior， MPVS total score was positively correlated with the scores of NSSI emotion regulation function， attention-seeking function and social avoidance function in C-FASM （r=0.104， 0.130， 0.266， P

Geothermal resources are widely distributed in Jiyang Depression， with great potential. They would be essential directions for the development and utilization of geothermal resources of Shengli Oilfield in the future. The geothermal geological conditions were systematically sorted out， such as thermal reservoir， thermal cover， and heat source of hydrothermal geothermal resources and geothermal resources of dry-hot rocks in Jiyang Depression， and the amounts of two types of geothermal resources were calculated respectively to reveal their geothermal resource potential to develop and utilize geothermal resources in Jiyang Depression scientifically and efficiently，. The results show that hydrothermal geothermal resources in Jiyang Depression are mainly deposited in the Guantao Formation， Dongying Formation， and Lower Paleozoic strata. Among them， Guantao Formation is the strata with the largest potential for hydrothermal geothermal resources， featuring a wide distribution and massive resources. It is the critical stratum for exploration and utilization in the next step. Jiyang Depression is a sedimentary basin with a cold crust and hot mantle and has a high geothermal flow value. The thermal reservoirs in the geothermal resources of dry-hot rocks are mainly magmatic rocks and metamorphic rocks of the Archean. The heat flow in the deep mantle is the main heat source. The distribution area of thermal reservoirs is large and has high temperatures， and the resources are primarily distributed in Bohai Bay Basin. Geothermal resources are rich in Jiyang Depression. It is suggested that the relationship between hydrothermal geothermal resources and oil and gas， as well as the evaluation of resource zoning， should be strengthened to accelerate the development and utilization of geothermal resources. The exploration and development of geothermal resources of dry-hot rock is still in the initial stage. Research on the selection of thermal reservoir types and heat source mechanisms should be strengthened in the future.

Aquaculture tailwater with excessive phosphorous can easily lead to eutrophication of receiving water body. The existing treatment methods have disadvantages such as secondary pollution, high cost, and poor stability. Biochar as a low-cost adsorbent for phosphorus removal has been extensively studied, while basic data on the treatment of actual aquaculture tailwaters using biochar are lacking. Herein, four biochars, i.e., wood biochar(WBC), vancomycin fermentation residue biochar(VBC), eel manure biochar(MBC), and seawater-modified wood biochar(SBC), were prepared. Meanwhile, the phosphorus removal effects on three actual aquaculture tailwaters (freshwater, concentrated and marine tailwaters) were investigated. The results showed that the removal efficiency of total phosphorus by the biochars increased with the increase of dosage. Among them, SBC exhibited the best adsorption performance, followed by VBC. WBC was less capable of removing phosphorus, while MBC could not adsorb but even release phosphorus. The adsorption of phosphate in three tailwaters by SBC reached equilibrium at 30-60 min with the removal rate of 76.78%-93.07%, while the removal rate of organic phosphorus was as low as 14%-17%. The kinetic data for different forms of phosphorus could be well fitted by the pseudo-second-order. The adsorption mechanism of phosphate by SBC primarily included ligand exchange and chemical precipitation. This study is expected to provide guidance for the treatment of actual phosphorus-containing wastewater by biochars and promotes biochars and modified biochars from basic research to practical application.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (3D-STE), myocardial work (MW), and late gadolinium enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR-LGE) in left ventricular remodeling (LVR) after acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods A total of 77 patients with STEMI who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) from August 2022 to August 2023 in Lianyungang First People's Hospital were enrolled. All patients underwent routine transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), 3D-STE, and MW within 24 hours after surgery. The left ventricular parameters including global longitudinal strain (GLS), global radial strain (GRS), global circumferential strain (GCS), global area strain (GAS), global work index (GWI), global effective work (GCW), global wasted work (GWW), and global work efficiency (GWE) were measured. CMR-LGE was performed within 7 days after surgery, and TTE, 3D-STE, and MW were repeated at 3 months after surgery. The increase left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) ≥20% was defined as LVR after myocardial infarction. The predictive value of each index for LVR after myocardial infraction (MI) was analyzed. Results According to the LVR gold standard, there were 18 cases in the LVR group (23.4%) and 59 cases in the non-LVR group (76.6%). Compared with the non-LVR group, TTE-LVEF, GWI, GCW, GWE, GLS, GRS, GCS, GAS decreased, TTE-LVESV and GWW increased, infarct size (IS) increased and CMR-LVEF decreased in the LVR group. At 3 months follow up after PPCI, the LVR group had lower GWI, GCW, GWE, GLS, GRS, TTE-LVEF than the non-LVR group (P＜0.05). Multivariate logistic regression and ROC analysis showed that CMR-IS, GWI, GLS and GAS were independent predictors of LVR (P＜0.01), and their AUC were 0.815, 0.806, 0.775, 0.734, respectively. Conclusion 3D-STE and MW are helpful in predicting LVR after PPCI in STEMI patients, especially GLS and GWI, which are similar in value and not inferior to CMR-IS.

[Objective] Simulating the change of runoff and sediment changes in the watershed under the influence of land use and climate in the future is conducive to making suitable management plans. [Methods] Based on land use and meteorological data, combined with CMIP6 climate model data, PLUS model and SWAT model, the temporal and spatial changes of land use and runoff and sediment under different climate scenarios in 2030 were quantitatively simulated. [Results] (1) The SWAT model exhibited good accuracy in monthly scale in simulation of Minjiang River Basin, in which the R2 and NSE (Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency) ranged from 0.80 to 0.95 and 0.75 to 0.91, respectively. The R2 and NSE ranged from 0.75 to 0.98 and 0.64 to 0.94 respectively. (2) Using the land use data of 2020 to evaluate the accuracy of the PLUS model, the Kappa coefficient was 0.77, and the simulated construction land and cultivated land in the Minjiang River Basin in 2030 would increase by 325.64 km2 and 1 157.51 km2, respectively. (3) Under the SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios, the average precipitation in 2025—2035 would increase by 0.15% and 2.18%, and the average annual temperature would increase by 0.23 and 0.62 ℃, respectively. (4) In the low carbon and high carbon scenarios, only land use change led to an increase of 0.08% and 0.07% in annual mean runoff, and an increase of 0.24% and decreased of 0.05% in annual mean sediment transport, respectively, compared with the baseline period. Compared with the baseline period, the mean annual runoff decreased by 4.76% and 4.11%, and the mean annual sediment transport increased by 18.12% and 0.13%, respectively. The combined effects of land use and climate resulted in a decrease of 4.57% and 3.93% in annual average runoff and an increase of 18.28% and 0.33% in annual average sediment transport compared with the base period, respectively. (5) Under the scenario of future climate and land use comprehensive change, the areas with higher and larger increase in surface runoff and sediment yield were concentrated in the northwestern of the basin centered on Shaowu City in Nanping and the southwest of the basin centered on Jiangle County in Sanming. [Conclusion] These research results provide some reference for the reasonable development and construction of Minjiang River basin in the future.