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Compared with a single unmanned surface vessel (USV), multiple USVs have the advantages of strong maneuverability, high reliability, and low cost. Multiple USVs have potential oceanic transportation, resource exploration, and maritime rescue applications. However, cooperative formation control of multiple USVs is a significant yet challenging problem. The main difficulties arise from the limited communication and the existence of model uncertainties and external perturbations. Therefore, this paper proposes a fixed-time adaptive distributed control strategy consisting of a fixed-time distributed observer and local controller for cooperative formation control of multiple USVs under local communication in complex marine environment. First, a fixed-time distributed observer is constructed for each follower USV to estimate the virtual leader’s position and velocity in fixed time by considering that only a portion of follower USVs can directly access the state information from the virtual leader. Based on the estimated information, a fixed-time local controller is designed for each follower USV to track the desired trajectory generated by the virtual leader in a fixed time using the backstepping method. In particular, in the local controller design process, a parameter adaptive mechanism is introduced to estimate the square of the upper bound of the lumped disturbance term, including model uncertainty and external disturbance to compensate for them. Thus, the proposed controller is smooth to guarantee the control accuracy, and the chattering phenomenon can be avoided simultaneously. Stability analysis of the proposed fixed-time observer and local controller is also presented. Mathematical proofs show that the proposed observer and controller can ensure that each USV can complete the position estimation and virtual leader velocity in a fixed time, thereby making the tracking error converge to the zero neighborhood in a fixed time. Finally, USVs with the proposed control strategy can follow the virtual leader and maintain the formation as shown in the simulation. Additionally, a comparative simulation is designed, where the control performance of the proposed strategy is compared with that of the commonly used PD controller under the same condition. The simulation results show that the proposed controller has superior control accuracy and convergence rate in controlling the USVs to track the desired position and velocity of the demanded formation. Moreover, the chattering phenomenon of the control inputs is significantly suppressed.

To obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the hotspots and research progress of tea beverage at home and abroad, this research paper analyzed the annual publication volume, author co-occurrences, co-citations, research institutions, the number of country publications, journals, and research hotspots of 1247 English literature collected by WOS from 2002 to 2022 using the Web of Science core collection database as the data source and the visual data analysis software CiteSpace v 6.1.6R. The results of the analysis showed that the heat for research on tea beverage at home and abroad continued to rise, and the annual number of publications showed a rising trend year by year. The number of core authors with more than four articles was 584, accounting for 82.4% of the total number of authors. The majority of institutional publications came from Chinese universities, of which the first institution with the highest number of publications was Anhui Agricultural University. The People's Republic of China was the most actively published country, followed by USA and JAPAN. The journals with high publication volume were mainly concentrated in the field of agricultural and food chemistry, and Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry was the journal with the highest co-citation frequency, with a total of 988 citations. The "caffeine" "acid" and "catechin" were high-frequency keywords in tea beverage research, with research hotspots focusing on the detection and extraction of active substances in tea beverage, fermented teas, antioxidant and antibacterial activities. In summary, research on tea beverage was still on the rise, but existing studies suffered from a lack of cooperation among authors, limited research areas and convergent research methods, etc. Scholars should strengthen multifaceted cooperation and communication to broaden the breadth and depth of the research, and to jointly promote the development of research in this field. This study provided a reference for a more in-depth understanding of the current status of global tea beverage research in the future.

In order to solve the prediction problem of the roof settlement in the unsupported period of roadway excavation in the deep roadway engineering of coal mines, the support vector machine (SVM) tool of artificial intelligence was introduced. Combined with the sparrow search optimization algorithm (SSA), a prediction model of the roof settlement during its unsupported period based on SSA-SVM was proposed. Taking the displacement data during the roof’s unsupported period in the deep underground roadway excavation process of the Great Wall No.5 Mine in Inner Mongolia as a sample, six influencing factors including uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), rock integrity (RQD), ground stress, roadway width-span ratio, non-support roof time and artificial mining were selected. The comprehensive influence weights of the data were summarized through applicability, correlation and classification consistency evaluation. The accuracy of ten-fold cross-validation was used as the fitness function to train and test the SSA-SVM prediction model with different population numbers. The optimal parameter model of population number was selected by error correlation coefficient (RMSE, MAPE, R2), ROC curve, AUC ± Std, running time and standard deviation rate η. The model was applied to the 1902S return airway to predict the settlement of the roadway during the roof’s unsupported period, and compared with the actual mine pressure monitoring data of the roadway. The results show that the prediction performance of SSA-SVM model is better when the population number is 90. The RMSE of training samples is 0.0165, MAPE is 22.54%, and R2 is 0.8295. The RMSE of the test sample is 0.0156, MAPE is 22.37%, and R2 is 0.8490. The realism AUC reaches the maximum of 0.8467, and the standard deviation Std is the minimum of 0.0115. The shortest running time is 8.7239 s and the standard deviation rate is maintained at 0.12%. In the field application of the 1902S return airway, there is no large deviation between the predicted value and the actual value, which is maintained in the range of linear fitting y = 0.90x and y = 1.10x. Both the error correlation coefficient and AUC ± Std satisfy the requirements of test accuracy. The prediction effect of this model can provide an important guidance for subsequent support design and reinforcement of support measures.

In order to study the influence of oak chips with different toasty degrees on the aging flavor of lychee brandy, oak chips with different toasty degrees were added to lychee brandy for aging. The quality and volatile flavor components of four types of lychee brandy (lychee brandy, lightly toasted, medium toasted, and heavily toasted) were evaluated and analyzed using sensory evaluation, electronic nose, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed that a total of 21 volatile aroma compounds were identified in four types of lychee brandy, among which esters and alcohols present in the four wines, with high odor activity value and significant contribution to the flavor of the brandy. Their composition and content constituted the main volatile aroma characteristics of lychee brandy. Additionally, the lychee brandy exhibited distinctive olefins and aromatic hydrocarbons, while lychee brandy aged with different levels of toasted oaks contained unique aldehydes and ketones. The lychee brandy contained the highest number and relatively higher content of flavor compounds. In contrast, light and medium roasted oak-aged lychee brandy contained fewer types of flavor compounds, predominantly esters, alcohols and aldehydes and ketones, while heavily roasted oak-aged lychee brandy exhibited the presence of some olefins and aromatic hydrocarbons. In terms of sensory evaluation, the heavily toasted oak-aged lychee brandy achieved the highest score and possessed a superior flavor. Furthermore, electronic nose detection clearly distinguished lychee brandy aged with oak chips of different toasting degrees. Overall, the addition of heavily roasted oak chips enhanced the aging quality of lychee brandy.

Urban rail traffic is an important part of modern transportation infrastructure.As a new generation of mobile communication technology, 5G can provide high data rate and low latency wireless transmission, which helps to improve the efficiency and service quality of urban rail traffic system.Due to the complexity of urban rail traffic scenarios, accurate communication scenario classification, channel characterization and channel models are required to provide theoretical support for the design of urban rail traffic 5G communication systems.The classification of 5G urban rail traffic radio propagation scenarios to support channel measurements and modeling was proposed.Current status of urban rail traffic channel measurements and modeling was shown, and the current challenges were analyzed.The applications of artificial intelligence in channel feature extraction and channel modeling were discussed, and the 5G urban rail traffic channels by considering reconfigurable intelligent surface and unmanned aerial vehicle were analyzed.Finally, the research on 5G urban rail traffic channel modeling at millimeter wave frequency band was described.

Latent heat (LH) released from precipitation is the primary energy source for driving global atmospheric circulation. It is one of the most important pathways of transforming solar energy to atmospheric thermal energy and kinetic energy. Quantitative estimation of the latent heating rate in precipitating clouds at multiple altitudes is a long demanding but unreached goal for the scientific community. In this review paper, we introduced the important role of LH played in water cycle and energy balance in the Earth's climate system. The current understanding and agreements on the vertical structure of LH released from tropical precipitation are explained. We introduced the major operational and planed satellite platforms and associated sensors aiming for measuring the three dimensional structure of precipitation and LH. Particularly, we introduced the two types of satellite retrievals of LH: the Look-Up Table method and physical retrieval method. Relatively detailed discussions revolve around the NASA CSH algorithm, JAXA SLH algorithm and USTC VPH algorithm, including their advantages, applicabilities and uncertainties.

Introduction: Mountaineering courses are exceptionally physically demanding outdoor activities, and wilderness solitude is a challenge that tests both the mind and body. Participants who choose this course should be guided by robust internal motivation and value recognition. We integrated the experience of wilderness solitude into our courses and used the Means-End Chain theory to explore changes in the experiential value of course participants. Methods: This study involved 26 students who took the mountain activities and environmental exploration course. They underwent three days and two nights of field practice and 12 hours of wilderness solitary experience without computers, communication, and consumer electronics products and equipment. In-depth semi-structured ladder interviews were conducted before and after the course. Encoded data was used to construct an implication matrix and a hierarchical value map for further analysis and discussion. Results: (1) The common values recognized throughout the course were self-realization, self-growth, physical and mental health, social support, and environmental ethics. (2) The wilderness solitude experience helped participants with self-reflection and personal growth, and the reflection process helped to change their thinking patterns, leading to a positive attitude towards life. (3) The wilderness solitude experience triggered a more profound sense of environmental ethics, strengthened attitudes and behaviors towards the environment, and positively impacted environmental protection. Conclusion: Experiencing solitude in the wilderness enhanced personal growth, expanded social relationships, and strengthened environmental awareness for participants in mountain activity courses. The value context of participation motivation can be explored through the Means-End Chain theory. This study's results can provide a reference for outdoor curriculum design and promotion marketing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of the difficulty of high-value recycling and treatment of thermoset composite waste, thermoplastic composites have a tendency to replace thermosetting composites, and exploring the thermal degradation mechanism of thermoplastic composites is conducive to guiding the use of thermoplastic composites under different working conditions and the subsequent recycling and degradation. The thermal degradation behavior of polyacrylic acid thermoplastic resin (RE) and thermoplastic resin glass fiber composites (RE-FRP) under different heating rates was compared and studied by a thermogravimetric analyzer under nitrogen atmosphere. The results show that the temperature of RE-FRP composites is higher than that of RE pure thermoplastic resin when the thermal degradation rate reaches the maximum. The activation energy of thermal degradation of the RE system measured by the Kissinger method was 196.76 kJ/mol, which was 232.91 kJ/mol less than that of the RE-FRP system. The Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method was used to calculate the activation energy, the apparent activation energy of the degradation reaction of the RE pure resin system fluctuated little with the change of degradation degree, the degradation reaction mechanism was simple, while the apparent activation energy of the RE-FRP system increased with the increase of degradation degree, and the degradation reaction had a more complex mechanism. The study shows that the thermal stability of RE-FRP thermoplastic resin is improved by combining with glass fiber. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PET rigid closed-cell foam is widely used as a sandwich material in wind turbine blades, in order to further improve the large-scale utilization of retired blades and realize the green and sustainable development of wind turbine blade materials, the effective utilization of PET materials has attracted increasing attention. In this paper, the dynamic rheological properties of PET foam recycled powder (Re-fPET) were studied by rotational rheometer, and the composite viscosity of Re-fPET recycled material was sensitive to temperature, showing obvious shear thinning behavior, and the composite viscosity decreased more obviously above 270 °C. The zero shear viscosity η0 was obtained by extrapolation by the Cross method, the activation energy of viscosity was further calculated according to Arrhenius, and the ΔEη0 was 241.29 kJ/mol, which had a significant effect on the untangling of the segments. The rheological characteristics of Re-fPET recycled powder were studied using a torque rheometer. The torque value of Re-fPET resin decreased rapidly and the equilibrium time was shorter above 270 °C. The torque value after equilibrium was smaller, the melt characteristic viscosity decreased significantly, and the material was significantly degraded, which was not conducive to processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trichloroacetic acid is a common nonvolatile byproduct of drinking water disinfection and poses carcinogenic risks to the human body. In this study, four types of nano-oxide@microcrystalline-cellulose-based adsorbents (P25@microcrystalline cellulose, SiO₂@microcrystalline cellulose (MCC-g-GMA@SiO2), Fe3O4@microcrystalline cellulose, and Fe2O3@microcrystalline cellulose) were successfully prepared by the pre-radiation grafting-embedding method. Subsequently, their ability to remove trichloroacetic acid from drinking water was investigated. The micro zonation morphology and surface properties of the materials were characterized and tested using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterization methods. The effects of monomer concentration, embedding concentration, and absorbed dose on the weight gain rate were systematically investigated. A complete static adsorption equilibrium curve was obtained on the basis of the results of adsorption experiments of four buried nano-oxides. The performance of SiO2@microcrystalline cellulose was found to be significantly higher than that of the other three adsorbents. When the volum percentage of monomer concentration was 30%, the mass percentage of embedding concentration was 4%, and the absorbed dose was 60 kGy, the removal rate of trichloroacetic acid in drinking water reached 83.27%. This series of adsorbent materials present significant potential for practical application in drinking water purification.

Fingerprints are an important trace material evidence for police to identify criminal. Cadmium sulfide quantum dots (CdS QDs) are fluorescent-labeled nanomaterials that can be used to improve the clarity and resolution of fingerprints. In this study, thioglycollic acid (TGA) was successfully modified to CdS QDs using the in-situ radiation reduction method, and synthetic TGA-CdS QDs were combined with polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) to form a TGA-CdS QDs/PVAc gel fingerprint film for fingerprint development. The structure and properties of the TGA-CdS QDs were characterized and tested using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, fluorescence spectrum, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of temperature, concentration of TGA-CdS QDs, pH, and mass fraction of the PVAc gel fingerprint film on fingerprint development were investigated. The results showed that a combination of 6 mg/mL TGA-CdS QDs solution with 20% PVAc gel fingerprint film at room temperature (25 ℃) and pH of 9.0 resulted in the clearest, most complete, and high-resolution fingerprint patterns of fluorescence display. The carboxylic acid group formed by TGA-CdS QDs in an alkaline solution completely combined with the amino acids, proteins, fats, urea, and other components of the fingerprint residue attached to the PVAc gel film. Under ultraviolet irradiation, the fingerprint lines were clearly displayed in the form of fluorescence. The fingerprint display method can be effectively used in criminal investigation.

Based on the notification data of EU recall, domestic supervision and spot check, and domestic recall, data statistical analysis and data visualization methods were used to compare and analyze the notification data of melamine and plant fiber tableware from the perspectives of notification times, notification reasons, and non-conformity items. The analysis of EU recall notification data shows that plant fiber is the most frequently reported material of food contact products. Melamine tableware has the risk of formaldehyde migration and melamine migration exceeding the standard. Plant fiber tableware contains unauthorized components, among which bamboo fiber components have the highest frequency of notification. The analysis of domestic supervision and spot check data shows that the average unqualified rate of melamine tableware is low, and the main risk is that the pollution resistance exceeds the standard. The unqualified rate of plant fiber tableware is higher than that of melamine tableware, and the main risks are excessive formaldehyde migration and melamine migration. Domestic recall notification data show that the main risks of melamine tableware are pollution resistance, label identification and structural defects. The main risk of plant fiber tableware is the excessive migration of melamine. Compared with melamine tableware, the risk of excessive migration of melamine and formaldehyde in plant fiber tableware is higher. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research was to investigate the immediate and 3-week short-term effects of kinesio taping (KT) on balance and walking ability in patients with stroke during post-acute care (PAC). A randomized controlled trial was designed to compare the outcome. Twenty stroke patients were randomly allocated into the KT or control group. After the KT intervention, there was no significant improvements in KT group in either balance or walking ability. After 3-week physical therapy, there were significant improvements in berg balance scale (BBS), 10 meter test (10MWT) and 6-minute walk test (6MWT) in both groups ( p<0.05). However, no significant differences in BBS, 10MWT, 6MWT and functional ambulation category scale between groups was found ( p>0.05). The results of this research demonstrated that KT seems to have no immediate and short-term effects on balance, walking speed, cardiopulmonary endurance and walking ability of PAC stroke patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taoyuan International Airport (TIA) is an important critical infrastructure and key resource in Taiwan that must maintain high reliability and uninterrupted operations. It is a "gateway to the country" and also playing an essential role in linking up with the world economy and trade. The Ministry of Transportation and Communications (MOTC) launched the Taoyuan aviation city project in August 2008, published the "International Airport Park Development Regulation", and drafted a development plan with an annual service capacity of 45 million passengers. Terminal 3 is scheduled to be completed in the phases of years from 2024 to 2026. The MOTC estimates that the capacity of annual passenger served by Terminal 3 is going up to 20 million passengers. In the future, both the number of passengers and the volume of freights will increase dramatically. These increases pose serious challenges to the continuous operation of the airport and the improvement of aviation security management threatened by airport crimes and human disorder incidents. This article takes TIA as an example and identifies risk factors by using literature reviews to find out the risk factors and draw up a hierarchical structure diagram of airport crimes and human disorder. The methodology of Consistent Fuzzy Preference Relations (CFPR) has been applied to calculate the weighting of each factor by the advantages of pairwise comparison which can overcome the inconsistency issues. Backtracking and review are made from the weighting indicators. The above methodologies are used for an extensive review of existing TIA security management, operational procedures, staff responsibilities and physical facilities resulting in conclusions and recommendations. These results will help guide the airport maintenance and safety measures for Civil Aeronautics Administration (CAA), Aviation Police Bureau (APB), and airport operator in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Obtaining the cable partial discharge fault location quickly and accurately is of great significance to the safe and stable operation of the cable system. In order to resolve the problem of the traditional traveling wave positioning method on time synchronization,a double-ended positioning of partial discharge for cable based on variational mode decomposition-Wigner Ville distribution (VMD-WVD) phase method is proposed to reduce the influence of reflected waves identification in long-cable. It is marked the wave head of the double-ended partial discharge signal accurately to achieve the synchronization of the double-ended partial discharge signal by the proposed method. Through phase positioning,the advantages that synchronizing the incident signal of double-ended partial discharge in the long cable are realized. It is built a PSCAD model of a long line to analyze the positioning accuracy of the VMD-WVD phase method under the influence of fault location,cable length and sampling rate in long cables. The results show that the average positioning accuracy by the VMD-WVD phase method for the above three influencing factors is 0.54%,0.85% and 0.69% respectively,which is higher than the value by the traditional traveling wave positioning method. The research results provide a new idea for the precise positioning of partial discharge in long cables.

Chlorite and other disinfection byproducts have been listed as carcinogens by the International Center for Research on Cancer. The effective treatment of chlorite is imperative for the drinking water purification process. A series of Non-woven fabric - ethyl methacrylate trimethyl ammonium chloride - nano aluminum oxide (NWF-g-DMC@Al2O3) adsorbent materials were synthesized using the pre-radiation grafting–embedding reaction. In this study, water was used as the solvent to systematically discuss the effects of adsorption dose, monomer concentration, and other factors on the weight gain rate and subsequently evaluate the effects of different weight gain rates, embedding rates, and solution pH on the adsorption rate to obtain a complete static adsorption equilibrium curve. Infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray diffraction analysis were used to characterize the structure and adsorption properties of the synthesized samples. The results showed that the weight gain rate was the highest at a monomer concentration of 40 %. The adsorption rate was the highest at an adsorption dose of 100 kGy, embedding embedding amount 4 %, pH of 2, and initial concentration of 10 mg/L. The chlorite removal rate of the NWF-g-DMC@Al2O3 adsorbent was 89%. The new adsorbent is expected to be extensively used in the purification of drinking and industrial water.

Background & Problems: Our unit recorded 21 cases of pressure sores from January 2011 to June 2011. The resulting pressure-sore incidence density of 0.74% exceeded the Taiwan Clinical Performance Indicator (TCPI) for medical centers (0.62%) as well as the mean incidence density for our unit (0.55%) during the same period in 2010. Purpose: We developed this project to decrease the incidence density of pressure sores at our pediatric-surgical-intensive-care unit from 0.74% to 0.31%. Resolutions: Strategies implemented included: 1. providing on-the-job education; 2. providing bedside teaching; 3. developing a series of pictures to illustrate proper sitting, lying, and changing positions and the proper fixation of catheters; 4. implementing a reminder mechanism; 5. introducing pressure-preventing devices; 6. and establishing an audit team. Results: Incidence density decreased from 0.74% (Jan. to Jun. 2011) to 0.18% (Mar. to Jul. 2012). Conclusions: We demonstrated that the developed improvement program effectively reduced the incidence density of pressure sores and increased the quality of nursing care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Although the role of the operation nurses in making preoperative patient visits has received significant attention recently, published studies have yet to establish the efficacy of this role. Purpose: This research studied the comparative effects of preoperative visits by ward and operation nurses on anxiety and physiological indicators in total-knee-replacement patients. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design with purposive sampling that recruited 74 patients as control-group participants and 86 as experimental-group participants. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and physiological indicators including blood pressure, respiration rate, and pulse rate were applied. The generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was used to examine the effects of the preoperative patient visits. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in anxiety level or physiological indicators between participants in the two groups on the day immediately prior to their surgery. Postoperative anxiety in the experimental group was significantly lower than in the control group (p < .001). Moreover, the experimental group earned significantly better postoperative results in terms of respiration rate (p < .05), heart rate (p < .001), and blood pressure (p < .001). Conclusions / Implications for Practice: This study supports that total-knee replacement patients obtain better outcomes when given adequate perioperative information preoperatively by operation nurses than by ward nurses. Additional research designs should further examine other effects not covered by the present study such as cost, time, and length of hospital stay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fatigue crack of the wheel rims often explodes in the inclusions gathering area, and the accumulation of large inclusions will affect their fatigue life. In this article, through dynamic simulation and finite element simulation combined with material fatigue test to determine the probability of containing inclusions wheel rim method of fatigue life at different speeds. In order to estimate the fatigue life of the train wheel rim with inclusions at different speeds, the vehicle dynamics model and the wheel axle with inclusions finite element model of EMUs CRH5 were established. Then obtain the random load time history of the wheel and the stress time history of the dangerous parts at different speeds. Based on the different confidence degrees、survival rates of the S-N curve and the Miner criterion to establish fatigue life of the wheel rim containing inclusions. The results show that under the same confidence degree and survival rate, as speed increases, the fatigue life of wheel rim containing inclusions will obviously shorter; under the same speed and confidence degree, as survival rate increases, the fatigue life of wheel rim containing inclusions will obviously shorter; under the same speed and survival rate, as confidence degree increases, the fatigue life of wheel rim containing inclusions will obviously shorter.

Childhood experience is a cornerstone of personality development. A child's cognitive function, self-concept, and behavioral development relate significantly to parental attitudes as well as to the way they were treated during childhood. The literature suggests a significant association between parenting practices and the mental health of the parents, temperament of the child, and socio-cultural factors. Raising children is typically central to the life of transnational marriage women living in Taiwan. They view parenting children as a life transforming experience. However, they must invest more effort than local mothers to survive in Taiwan. Thus, it is worth investigating the parenting practices of this significant subset of Taiwan's population. This paper applied parenting concepts to describe the condition and possible problems of immigrant women in parenting children. Based on study results, we summarize transnational marriage and its impact on parenting practices. The authors hope this paper provides information useful to identifying parenting difficulties faced by immigrant mothers so that healthcare professionals can provide relevant information and assistance to improve overall parenting practices and benefit the development of Taiwan's youngest generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT:Ultra-low temperature refrigerators are important storage sites for preserving cranial bones for either re-implantation or returning to donor's family. Assuring correct execution of the access operation determines patient safety and medical quality. The aim of this proposal was to ensure correct execution of the storage access operation. An investigation revealed that: 1). Nursing staff lack experience in executing the access operation and the procedure for returning bones to the family; 2). Lack of procedural indicators, pertinent training program, precise standard operating procedure, correct equipment maintenance record, and inspection system. The proposed improvements were: holding continuous education program, make procedural flow chart and indicators, draft trouble shooting manual, establish regular maintenance, periodic inspection of equipment and a tracking mechanism. After appropriate intervention, the correct execution of access operation increased from 83% to 100%. The cognition of correct execution of access operation increased from 85% to 100%, We concluded that correct execution of access operation could avoid preventable mistakes and assure the preservation of preserved patient tissues. (Tzu Chi Nursing Journal, 2012; 11:5, 80-89) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Backgrounds: Inappropriate patient positioning during surgery causes respiratory pattern changes. inadequate gaseous exchange, tissue hypoperfusion and disruption of skin integrity. Inadvertent loosening of positioning devices on a patient in our ward during surgery caused surgical field contamination. We thus proposed a project to promote patient positioning accuracy in operating rooms to improve patient safety. Purposes: This project was intended to promote accurate patient positioning by operating room nurses, raise nursing professionalism, ensure patient safety, and avoid unnecessary patient injury. Resolutions: Under the project, we held educational training programs, developed patient positioning standard operating procedures (SOPs) and check lists, inspected all positioning assistance devices, purchased additional belt restraint straps, and conducted periodic monitoring. Results: Patient positioning execution accuracy increased from 80% to 100%; cognition of patient positioning increased from 88% to 100%. Conclusions: The operating room committee adopted the proposed procedures and they are now SOPs in all operating rooms at our hospital. We suggest including the SOPs developed in this project in continuous education programs and urge making well-designed positioning assistance devices available to protect patient safety during surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Organ and tissue transplantation are now commonly preformed procedures. Improper organ bank handling procedures may increase infection risks. Execution accuracy in terms of tissue storage and distribution at our bone bank was 80%. We thus proposed an execution improvement project to enhance procedures in order to fulfill the intent of donors and ensure recipient safety. Purpose: This project was designed to raise nurse professionalism, and ensure patient safety through enhanced tissue storage and distribution procedures. Resolution: Education programs developed for this project focus on teaching standard operating procedures for bone and ligament storage and distribution, bone bank facility maintenance, trouble shooting and solutions, and periodic inspection systems. Results: Cognition of proper storage and distribution procedures rose from 81% to 100%; Execution accuracy also rose from 80% to 100%. Conclusions: The project successfully conveyed concepts essential to the correct execution of organ storage and distribution procedures and proper organ bank facility management. Achieving and maintaining procedural and management standards is crucial to continued organ donations and the recipient safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to develop new products of MW wind turbine gearbox,improve the design efficiency and calculation accuracy,and reduce product development risks and costs,the 2. 5 MW power-split wind turbine gearbox transmission system model is set up based on Romax Designer software,and the result of power split,bearing life,the strength of gear is analyzed and the potential weakness of the gear transmission system is researched,the theory basis for further optimization design is provided.

The relative friction surface in the process of the heavy duty gear transmission will generate a lot of heat cause tooth surface temperature rising,increased stress,reduced reliability,but the heat flow boundary load area can’t be precisely determined by using indirect coupling method. By using the direct- coupled method,the gear heat- structure coupling analysis is carried out,the gear dynamic temperature field and stress distribution are got,and the influence of the friction factor,relative speed,gear modulus on coupling effect are discussed. The results show that the influence of gear modulus on engagement temperature,thermal stress is greater,when the large modulus gear design,the heat- structure coupling effect need to be considered.

Taking the bearing capacity increasing,meeting the equal strength design and the minimum center distance of gear drive as objective function,the multi- objective optimum design mathematical model of the two- grade helical cylindrical gear drive is established. The optimization solution is carried out by using NSGA- II algorithm,the multi- objective optimization design of two- grade helical cylindrical gear drive is carried out,and the Pareto optimal solutions are obtained. The result shows that the strength and the stable reliability of the optimal scheme is enhanced in terms of ensuring the equal contacting strength and the center distance has certain decrease.

Background The disorder of serum uric acid metabolism during pregnancy is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, while few studies have analyzed and compared the correlation of serum uric acid and serum uric acid/creatinine ratio levels with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Objective To explore the correlation of serum uric acid and serum uric acid/creatinine ratio levels with adverse pregnancy outcomes in late pregnancy. Methods A total of 743 pregnant women with singleton live births who were routinely examined and delivered at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from 2015 to 2022 were selected . Based on the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes, pregnant women were divided into normal group (344 cases) and adverse outcome group (399 cases) . Serum uric acid and serum uric acid/creatinine ratio were divided into three levels by quartiles, respectively, including Q1 (serum uric acid359 μmol/L) and q1 (serum uric acid/creatinine ratio7.94) . According to the median age of pregnant women, they were divided into the age subgroup

To explore the effect of storage time on the flavor and quality of white peony tea, sensory evaluation and volatile and non-volatile composition analysis of 12 white peony tea samples made from three different varieties: Fudingdahao (FDDH), Zhenghedabai (ZHDB) and Fujiangshuixian (FJSX) were carried out, and the resulting data were analyzed by multivariate statistical analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis. The results showed that during the storage process, the content of tea polyphenols and free amino acids decreased, and the ratio of polyphenols to amino and the contents of soluble sugar, flavonoids and thearubigin increased, so that the taste of white peony tea was sweet, mellow, sweet after taste and stale. The large decrease in the content of alcohol substances resulted in a reduction in the refreshing and floral aroma of white peony tea. Totally 12 differential volatiles were key to changing the aroma types of white peony tea. α-Farnesene, linalool oxide II, methyl salicylate, linalool, cis-2-pentene-1-alcohol and hexanal were the key components responsible for the floral, pekoe-like and refreshing aroma. cis-Linalool oxide and neryl oxide were also positively related to the formation of the floral aroma, and the latter was also key to the formation of the pekoe-like aroma. cis-3-Hexen-1-ol and phenethyl alcohol were also positively correlated with the formation of the refreshing aroma. In addition, 4-isopropyltoluene was the key component responsible for the honey-like and herbal aroma. Linalool oxide II and neryl oxide were the key components responsible for the jujube-like aroma. cis-Linalool oxide was the key component responsible for the plum-like aroma. The 4-isopropyltoluene and isobutyraldehyde were the key components contributing to the woody aroma. This study provides scientific insights into the formation of the differences in the flavor and quality of white peony tea of different ages, which could provide a reference for the improvement of tea flavor.

Flavor substances play an important role in foods, but their stability is poor, and they are susceptible to external environments, causing their loss or deterioration. The application of encapsulation and controlled release can effectively improve the stability and release characteristics of flavor substances. Cellulose-based materials are widely used in the encapsulation and controlled release of flavor substances as wall materials, material reinforcing phases or interfacial stabilizers due to their wide range of sources and excellent properties. This article summarizes the classification of cellulose-based materials, the characteristics of flavor encapsulation technology, the interaction between cellulose-based materials and flavor substances and the mechanism and regulatory strategies of flavor release, and discusses recent trends and future prospects for the application of cellulose-based materials in the encapsulation and controlled release of flavor compounds, which will provide a theoretical reference for the application of cellulose-based materials in sustained and controlled release of flavor compounds.

Combining user reviews with user ratings to improve the performance of recommender system is the current mainstream research direction of recommender system.However,when user review data is sparse,the performance of most existing recommender systems will degrade to a certain extent.To solve this problem,this paper proposes a hybrid recommendation system (AMGNRS),which combines attention mechanism and gating networking based recommendation system.It use auxiliary comments generated by like-minded users to alleviate the sparsity of user comments.Firstly,a variety of mixed attention mechanism are combined to impove the feature extracting efficiency of user comments and grading.Then features are extracted by adaptive fusion of gated network,and features most relevant to user preference are selected.Finally,the higher order linear interaction of the neural factorization machine is used to derive the score prediction.By comparing the model with the current model with excellent performance on three real data sets,the results show that the problem of data sparsity is significantly alleviated and the effectiveness of the model is verified.

Objective: Use of renewable plant biomass is an active area in current biotechnology research. This report explores the cellulose-degradation system and the factors affecting cellulase gene expression in Chaetomium globosum NK102., Methods: In the sequenced genome, we identified 10 cellulase genes by sequence homology alignment. We used a high-throughput sequencing technology (RNA-Seq) to monitor the differential expression of the genes under different culture conditions., Results: We observed that cellulase activity increased with time in the fungal cultures. Accordingly, transcription of the genes encoding cellobiohydrolase, cellobiose dehydrogenase and endoglucanase (cbh1, cdh and eglI) was higher than the others. Expression of the transcriptional repressors, ACE I and CreA, decreased with the time, whereas expression of Hap2/3/5 complex was upregulated. In different carbon sources, cellulase activity and their gene transcription were repressed by glucose and were activated by cellobiose. Sorbitol had no significant effect. Interestingly, light affected positively the expression of these cellulase genes., Conclusion: Differential RNA-seq analysis can make preliminary exploration on the expression regulation of cellulase genes. Expression of the genes in C. globosum was determined by different culture conditions. This study has shown a molecular system of cellulose-degradation in C. globosum and provides information for interpretation of carbohydrate metabolism.

Objective: To investigate Fas protein expression of the myocardium in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and its relationship with occurrence of sudden death caused by DCM., Methods: Nine autopsy cases of sudden death caused by DCM along with the heart samples were chosen from the archives in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, HUST from 1997 to 2007. Other 11 cases which died of violence and other diseases were selected as the control group. Expressions of myocardial Fas protein in the samples were quantitatively detected by immunohistochemistry and computerized imaging analysis., Results: Myocardial Fas protein expression increased significantly in the DCM group. Positive color showed brown-yellow granulated or striped distribution in the longitudinal section of myocardial within the cell membrane and cytoplasm, and showed circular brown granules in the cross section of the cell membrane, while these changes were not observed in the control group though there was focal weak staining noted. Statistical significance was observed between the experimental and control groups (P = 0.002), but no statistical significance was found for the average optical density value between these two groups (P = 0.675)., Conclusion: The expression of Fas protein increased obviously in the DCM group. Such alteration in expression quantity and distribution of myocardial Fas protein may be related to arrhythmia and heart failure in the patients with DCM.

Objective: We developed the transformation methods of the strain Chaetomium globosum NK-102., Methods: We constructed plasmid pUCATPH-Pgap and compared the transformation efficiency with pUCATPH and pCM768. We established the PEG mediated protoplast transformation and Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA105 mediated transformation methods., Results: In protoplast approach, approximately 3 -5 transformants/microg DNA could be obtained. The highest efficiency of transformation was obtained by employing pUCATPH-Pgap. A. tumefaciens EHA105 successfully mediated T-DNA insertion into the genome of C. globosum NK-102 and the transformation rate was 3.2 x 10(2) transformants/10(7) spores. The transformants retained stable after generations. Southern blot analyses confirmed that the DNA had integrated into the chromosomal DNA of C. globosum NK-102., Conclusion: The transformation systems were good basis for selection of C. globosum mutant strains that effectively utilizing cellulose.

Objective: To investigate the advantages of nitric acid digestion method and its differences with the traditional method., Methods: Ethanol was used to fully fix the testing sample. About 80-100 g of the testing samples were cut into pieces and digested with nitric acid. It was then centrifuged and washed to remove organic components. Smears were prepared and examined under the light microscope., Results: The diatom had been identified with clear striations, counted conveniently and classified easily., Conclusion: The improved nitric acid digestion method is not only simple with a higher successful rate of detection, but also can prevent interference from contamination. It can improve the stability of the experimental results, avoid harm to human and environment, and provide higher safety in the course of experiment.

Objective: To investigate the Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression in the coronary atherosclerotic plaques in patients died from sudden cardiac death (SCD) or non SCD., Methods: Autopsied coronary artery samples from 75 patients died from SCD (n = 28), non-SCD (n = 28) or non-CHD (n = 19) were examined and the R value (positive cells' areas/scanning areas) and A value (average optical density) of TLR4 expression in the coronary arteries were detected qualitatively by the immunohistochemistry (SABC method) and image analysis technologies., Results: SCD group: 13 (46.4%) cases showed strong positive expression of TLR4; 11 (39.3%), positive expression; 4 (14.3%), weak positive expression. CHD group: 8 (28.6%) cases showed weak positive expression; 17 (60.7%), very weak positive expression; 3 (10.7%), no positive expression. There was no positive expression of TLR4 in non-CHD samples. A (1.140 +/- 0.101) and R value (0.0269 +/- 0.0027) in SCD group were significantly higher than in non-SCD and control groups (all P < 0.01). A value was siginificantly higher in CHD group (0.719 +/- 0.205) than that in control group (0.481 +/- 0.033, P < 0.05) while R value (0.0085 +/- 0.0007, 0.0046 +/- 0.0004) was similar between the groups (P > 0.05)., Conclusion: The increased positive expressive of TLR4 in the atherosclerotic plaque can be regarded as an important pathological marker of SCD.

Apx IV, a forth RTX toxin indentified in Actionbacillus pleuropneumoniae recently, is expressed by all A. pleuropneumoniae regardless the serotypes and inducible only in vivo toxin, so it is the optimal to develop species-specific and differentiated diagnostic assay. Here the 2445bp DNA fragment of apxIVA gene of A. pleuroneumoniae was amplified and fused in-frame to the downstream of the T7 promoter and 6 His Tag of the prokaryotic expression vector pET-28b. The construct was transformed into E. coli BL21(DE3). After induction by 1.0 mol/L IPTG, a recombinant protein about 90 kD in size, designed as ApxIVAN, was detected, which was present as inclusion bodies and reacted specifically with swine antisera to the APP-serotype-1 by dot-blot. An indirect ELISA (ApxIVA-ELISA) was developed using purified recombinant ApxIVAN from the inclusion bodies as described previously, which had excellent specificity to A. pleuroneunoniae. Using the ApxIVA-ELISA, the ApxIV antibodies were not detected in the inactivated APP bacterins vaccinated pigs, but were detected in A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 1, 2 and 7 infected pigs and mice. These results suggested that ApxIVA-ELISA can be used not only to detect all serotypes of APP, but also to differentiate the naturally infected and inactivated vaccine immunized pigs.

Soil background concentrations of heavy metals are important criterion for the assessment of soil environmental quality. The background concentrations of soil heavy metals, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn, were investigated based on an extensive investigation conducted in the whole area of Beijing. About 120 soil samples taken from the area without pollution of heavy metals were selected from the total 803 soil samples. After analyzing the samples with strict quality assure and quality control (QA/QC) procedures, the heavy metal concentrations in the soils were calculated using statistical method. The revised background concentrations of the soils in Beijing are proposed to be 7.09 mg/kg for As, 0.119 mg/kg for Cd, 29.8 mg/kg for Cr, 18.7 mg/kg for Cu, 26.8 mg/kg for Ni, 24.6 mg/kg for Pb, 57.5 mg/kg for Zn, respectively. Compared with the concentrations suggested by China National Environmental Monitoring Center (CNEMC) in 1990, the Cd background concentration suggested in present study is about 125% higher than that of CNEMC, and the As, Cr, Cu, Zn concentrations are 19%-55% lower than those of CNEMC, while the concentrations of Pb and Ni are not obviously different from those of CNEMC.