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Objective·To explore the molecular regulatory mechanism of neural tube defect (NTD) induced by retinoic acid (RA) in mouse embryos, and reveal the gene expression regularity of neural tube closure in mice.Methods·Based on the high-quality brain vesicle transcriptome data of mouse embryo during the critical period of neural tube closure [embryonic day 8.5 (E8.5), E9.5 and E10.5], the gene expression trend data of the NTD group and the control group were obtained by using Short Time-series Expression Miner (STEM) software. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were performed for genes with different expression trends between the NTD group and the control group. Some candidate genes were screened for validation. Pregnant mice were divided into the NTD group and control group, with 9 mice in each group. Pregnant mice in the NTD group were treated with RA and those in the control group were treated with sesame oil by gavage at E7.5. Foetal rat brain vesicle tissues were collected at E8.5, E9.5 and E10.5 for experiments. Based on the above animal tissues, the screened candidate genes were validated by quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR).Results·A total of 18 255 genes were detected in the transcriptome data of the control group, and the expression patterns of these genes could be summarized into 7 significant profiles. A total of 19 037 gene expression data were detected in the transcriptome data of the NTD group, and gene expression patterns could be summarized into 6 profiles with significant significance. A total of 46 genes in the control group showed an upward trend but a downward trend in the NTD group. They were enriched in the positive and negative regulation of organ development, neuronal apoptosis, oligodendrocyte proliferation, and fibroblast growth factor signaling pathway at the biological process level. At the cellular component level, they were mainly involved in the basic structure of cells and neurons; At the molecular functional level, they were mainly related to the binding of fibroblast growth factor receptor. A total of 61 genes showed a downward trend in the control group but an upward trend in the NTD group. These genes were enriched in functions such as cell lysis and amino acid/ion transport at the biological process level. At the cellular component level, they were enriched in intracellular molecules, particles, extracellular region, intercellular space, etc. At the molecular function level, they were related to the activity of a series of enzymes and transporters. The results of RT-qPCR showed that the transcriptome sequencing data were authentic and reliable.Conclusion·RA intervention causes abnormal cellular activities and stress responses during mouse embryo development, leading to abnormal embryo development, activation of signalling pathways related to organismal self-protection, and suppression of genes that maintain normal embryo development.

Health equity can narrow the health gap between different groups and enable citizens to enjoy fair health services. Clinical practice guideline makers have been paying more and more attention to health equity, and exploring and applying the consideration to the development of corresponding guidelines. However, existing clinical practice guideline development gives little consideration to the structured and systematic construction of health equity, and the guidance for future guidelines is limited. This paper aims to put forward methodological suggestions for in-depth consideration of health equity in clinical practice guideline development, withthe hope of providing reference for guideline developers.

The three-point bending fatigue method was used to determine the S-N fatigue curves of smooth specimens and straight-notched specimens to study the fatigue properties of Stellite12 cobalt-based alloy, and the fatigue fracture processes of the cobalt-based alloy were investigated by the observation of fracture morphology.The results show that the fatigue limit of the smooth specimen is 545 MPa, which is about 25.4% of the original bending strength of 1552 MPa. The fatigue limit of the straight-notched specimen is about 101 MPa, which is about 19.1% of static bending strength of 517.6 MPa. The fatigue sensitivity of smooth specimens and straight-notched specimens is 397 and 31, respectively. In addition, it is found that the fatigue cracks can initiate in the carbides aggregated regions in the near surface. Surface defects can also induce the initiation of fatigue cracks. The transgranular fracture of the carbides dominates in the crack propagation. The cobalt base metal presents a lot of tearing ridges under the condition of stress ratio R=0.1, but it also shows a certain degree brittle fracture mode, so the fatigue crack propagation mode is a mixed mode of true fatigue and static fatigue.

The effect of thermal exposure at 600-750℃ for 300h in atmosphere on room temperature tensile ductility of cast Ti-47.5Al-2.5V-1.0Cr-0.2Zr(atom fraction/%) was investigated.The results indicate that no surface layer on the specimen surface is observed after exposure at 600℃,but tensile ductility at room temperature decreases from 2.81% to 2.54%,the reduction is only 9.6%;after exposure at 650℃,a Al depleted layer is formed on the surface of substrate,tensile ductility is further reduced to 1.54%,the reduction reaches 45%. When exposure temperature increases to 700℃,tensile ductility does not continuously decrease due to no significant increase in the thickness of the Al depleted layer;when the exposure temperature increases to 750℃,tensile ductility is further reduced to 1.12% due to remarkable increase in the thickness of Al depleted layer with the reduction of 60%.Tensile ductility at room temperature decreases in different degrees as the exposure temperature increases,which is attributed to emerging and step-increase of the Al depleted layer adjacent to the substrate, and is not related to the formation of outside oxide layer and the changes in thickness.

The wetting behavior and interfacial microstructures of molten magnesium AZ61 alloy on the surface of two different Q235 and galvanized steel plates under the condition of cold metal transfer were investigated by using dynamic sessile drop method. The results show that the wetting behavior is closely related to the wire feed speed. Al-Fe intermetallic layer was observed whether the substrate is Q235 steel or galvanized steel, and the formation of Al-Fe intermetallic layer should satisfy the thermodynamic condition of such Mg-Al/Fe system. The wettability of molten AZ61 magnesium alloy is improved with the increase of wire feed speed whether on Q235 steel surface or on galvanized steel surface, good wettability on Q235 steel surface is due to severe interface reaction when wire feed speed increases, good wettability on galvanized steel surface is attributed to the aggravating zinc volatilization. When the wire feed speed is ≤10.5m·min-1, the wettability of Mg alloy on Q235 steel plate is better than on galvanized steel plate. However, Zn vapor will result in instability for metal transfer process.

Coarse grain heat affected zone (HAZ) of F460 steel was simulated by a Gleeble 3800 thermo-mechanical simulator. The microstructure, critical event of the HAZ formed at various heat inputs (E) were characterized and determined by optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), and cleavage fracture stress σf was also calculated by ABAQUS software. Based on above systematic analysis, the intrinsic mechanism of ductile-brittle transition for F460 steel heat affected zones with different heat inputs were revealed. The results indicate that:with the improvement of heat input, the microstructures in sequence are a minority of lath martensite and massive fine lath bainite, more lath bainite with less granular bainite, more granular bainite with less lath bainite, bulky of granular bainite; and the maximum size of the original austenite grain and bainite packet becomes bigger with the improvement of heat input. The size of bainite packet is critical event of the cleavage fracture for coarse grain heat affected zone specimens with various heat inputs by comparing the relationships among residual crack length, original austenite grain size and bainite packet size. With the decreasing of the bainitic packet, the ductile to brittle transition temperature decreases. In addition, cleavage fracture stress σf is also calculated by ABAQUS software, σf gradually decreases with the increase of the heat input, which can explain the intrinsic mechanism of ductile to brittle transition temperature Tk with the change of the heat input.

From 2011 to 2023, a total of 20 ecological operation experiments of artificial flood peak were conducted in the Lower Jinsha River-Three Gorges cascade reservoirs, focusing on the fish spawning, and a lot of experience was accumulated while achieving good experiments results. In order to systematically figure out the effectiveness and experience of the ecological operation experiments of artificial flood peak over the years, this paper takes the Lower Jinsha River-Three Gorges cascade reservoirs as an example. First, the principles, key points, monitoring and evaluation methods of the ecological operation experiments of artificial flood peak were introduced. Second, the development of operation experiments over the years was reviewed. Finally, the operation experience was summarized and the future optimal direction was proposed. The results showed that the ecological operation experiments of artificial flood peak in the Lower Jinsha River-Three Gorges cascade reservoirs effectively promoted the spawning of fishes spawning drifting eggs in the Yangtze River. The effect of promoting the natural spawning of the representative fishes spawning drifting eggs--the four major Chinese carps under the dam is the most significant in the Three Gorges Reservoir. By 2023, the total spawning scale of the four major Chinese carps in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River reached 38.25 billion. Under the joint promotion of multi-year ecological operation practice and 10-year fishing ban plan, the fish resources of the four major Chinese carps is close to the level of the 1980s. However, under the influence of climate change, fish spawning and developmental characteristics change, spawning ground change and other factors, the ecological operation experiments of artificial flood peak need to carry out targeted optimization and adjustment in the aspects of operation process optimization, operation effect evaluation, and operation effect improvement. The results can provide a reference for the ecological operation of artificial flood peak for fish spawning in similar basins under changing environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pedestrian object detection and tracking have attracted much attention in the computer vision field. An improved multi-pedestrian tracking model is proposed, which improves the basic framework of Deep SORT and integrates Mask R-CNN to realize the detection, tracking and pose estimation f pedestrian. The anchor boxes with the more suitable aspect ratio for pedestrian target are adopted, which replace the anchor boxes of RPN to speed up the model and improve performance without complex calculation. In addition, attention mechanism is introduced into the deep residual network, i. e., the lightweight SKNet is used to choose the best convolution kernel adaptively to improve the feature representation for target detection. The histogram of gradient feature combined with color information is adopted instead of the convolution feature, which improves appearance feature association matching in the Deep SORT model so as to track pedestrian targets effectively under occlusion. The impact of various improvements on the model are verified through ablation studies, and the proposed model is compared with the current mainstream model. Experimental results show that the improved models are effective, which improves MOTA of NSH by 6% on the MOT16 tracking data set. The test performance of our proposal on the public datasets is superior to that of the compared models. The proposed model can still rack pedestrian targets effectively when the background moves or pedestrian targets are occluded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New energy power plants generate vast amounts of operational data and experience highly variable operating conditions， posing a significant challenge when it comes to diagnosing faults in generator sets. For this reason， a fault diagnosis model based on an improved SVM （support vector machine） algorithm is introduced. Firstly， the concept and principle of SVM for new energy power plants are analyzed. A multivariate SVM classifier is used to optimize the SVM. Secondly， the fault signal extraction method and fault characterization method of photovoltaic power stations and wind farms are studied. Moreover， a fault diagnosis model is proposed. Finally， sample data are obtained from new energy power plants， and an improved SVM fault diagnosis model based on decision level fusion is built. Additionally， the model is trained using fault feature vectors. The results show that the fault diagnosis accuracy for photovoltaic power plants reaches 97.5%， while the fault diagnosis accuracy for wind farms reaches 98.09%， which verify the accuracy of the method.

A carbon emission monitoring method based on carbon emission flow is proposed for the integrated electricity and gas systems （IEGS）. This method distributes carbon emissions on the generation side to various node loads and branch power， thereby achieving accurate tracking and traceability of carbon emissions. Firstly， the principle of carbon emission flow is introduced. Subsequently， the application of carbon emission flow in the power grid and gas network is investigated. A carbon emission monitoring model for the power grid and gas network is established， and a carbon emission monitoring method is proposed based on the theory of carbon emission flow. Finally， simulation results demonstrate that this carbon emission monitoring method for the integrated energy system can simultaneously elucidate the temporal and spatial carbon footprint of the system， overcoming the limitations of conventional carbon measurement methods that tend to be overly macroscopic.

Microsatellites are short strings of repeated sequences scattered throughout the human genome. Microsatellite Instability (MSI) is a phenomenon in which the length of microsatellites changes due to the insertion or deletion of repeated units in tumor tissues. MSI type gastric cancer often has unique molecular phenotypes and clinicopathological characteris- tics, and the instability of microsatellites determines whether gastric cancer patients respond well to immunotherapy. Therefore, preoperative detection of MSI status is of great significance for the formulation of treatment plans for gastric cancer patients. Traditional MSI detection methods require immunohistochemistry and genetic analysis, which not only require additional costs, but also are difficult to be extended to every patient in clinical practice. In this paper, image feature extraction technology and machine learning algorithm are applied to quantitative analysis of high-resolution histopathological images of gastric cancer patients to predict the MSI status of gastric cancer patients. The original data of 279 cases are obtained from the TCGA database. After pre-processing and up-sampling, 442 samples are obtained, and 445 quantitative image features are extracted from the histopathological images of each sample, including the first-order statistics, texture features and small wave characteristics of the images. Lasso regression is used to screen features and construct predictive labels (Risk-score) of gastric cancer MSI status, and the performance of predictive labels is verified through logistics classification model. Then, multivariate analysis is carried out in combination with the clinical characteristics of each patient, and personalized train diagram is constructed for MSI status prediction. The experimental results show that the prediction performance AUC value of the prediction label based on histone image texture features is 0.74, and the AUC value of the existing MSI prediction model based on histone image texture features is 0.73. Based on all samples, the AUC value of the MSI prediction model constructed by combining clinical features and Risk- score is 0.802, while the AUC value of the existing MSI prediction model combining clinical features and image features is only 0.752, compared with the existing methods, the MSI prediction model proposed in this paper has better prediction performance and can provide more valuable reference information for the clinical decision-making of gastric cancer patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Land tax and fee policy is an important tool to solve the disorder of rural-urban land conversion caused by externalities. The new construction land compensation fee, the main component of land tax and fee system, promotes the protection of cultivated land resources by mobilizing the enthusiasm of local governments. Using the fee for newly increased construction land as an example, this paper attempts to take the charge and distribution of the fee as a whole, which can be regarded as a kind of trans-regional fiscal payment system, and then discusses the cultivated land protection effect mechanism of land tax and fee policy. A dynamic panel data model and system generalized method of moments (SYS-GMM) estimation were employed to verify the theory by using the county-level panel data in Hubei Province. Theoretical analysis and empirical research showed that: (1) The inter-county horizontal fiscal transfer payment system based on the fee for newly increased construction land was conducive to realizing the internalization of externalities of cultivated land protection, and ultimately achieving the purpose of protecting cultivated land by motivating the local governments. However, its role was very limited. (2) The fundamental reason for the low performance of land tax and fee policy represented by the fee for newly increased construction land lay in the fact that the distribution effect of the fee was not significant. (3) Combined with data of the four zones of Hubei Province, it found that the unscientific and unreasonable allocation of the fee for newly increased construction land was the profound reason for restricting the effectiveness of distribution system. The results showed that the distribution of the fee for the newly increased construction land tended to be in the relatively developed plain areas along the Yangtze River in eastern Hubei and the mountainous areas in western Hubei supported by favorable policies, while the distribution of fees in the plain areas in central Hubei and the mountainous areas in northern Hubei, which are the production bases of grain, cotton and oil in the province, was obviously insufficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the risk factors of massive hemorrhage during hysteroscopic resection in cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP)and to establish a risk prediction model. Methods Totally 120 CSP patients who received hysteroscopic resection were divided into two groups: the modeling group and model group. The patients in the model group underwent uterine artery embolization, and the modeling group underwent hysteroscopic resection. According to whether methotrexate chemotherapy was given before operation, the patients were divided into the high-risk group (methotrexate chemotherapy before operation)and low-risk group (no methotrexate chemotherapy before operation). In the modeling group, there were 35 high-risk cases and 25 low-risk cases; in the model group, there were 36 high-risk cases and 24 low-risk cases. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors of massive hemorrhage during CSP hysteroscopy, and a risk prediction model was established. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC)curve was used to evaluate the efficacy of the risk prediction model in predicting massive hemorrhage during CSP hysteroscopy. Results In the modeling group, the age, the time since the last cesarean section, the maximum diameter of the focus, the vaginal bleeding in the early pregnancy, the proportion of ultrasound gestational sac of the high-risk group were all higher than those of the low-risk group, and the time of menopause, preoperative β-hCG, the thickness of muscle layer in the front wall of the focus, the proportion of ultrasound mass, and the proportion of fetal blood vessel pulsation were all lower than those of the low-risk group. Logistic regression model analysis showed that the age, the time since the last cesarean section, the time of menopause, the largest diameter of the focus, the thickness of the muscle layer of the focus front wall, preoperative β-hCG, the vaginal bleeding in the early pregnancy, ultrasound block type, and fetal blood vessel pulsation were the independent risk factors of massive bleeding in CSP hysteroscopy. Its risk prediction model was Y = 0.265X1 + 0.332X2 + 0.441X3 + 0.552 X4 + 0.564X5 + 0.771X6 + 0.771X7 + 0.671X8 + 0.571X9 (X1 is the age, X2 is the time of menopause, X3 is the preoperative β-hCG, X4 is the maximum diameter of the focus, X5 is the ultrasound mass type, X6 is the fetal blood vessel pulsation, X7 is the time since the last cesarean section, X8 is the thickness of the muscle layer of the focus front wall, and X9 is the vaginal bleeding in the early pregnancy). The age, the largest diameter of the focus and the proportion of ultrasound pregnancy capsule in the high-risk group were higher than those in the low-risk group, and the time of menopause, the proportion of preoperative βhCG, the proportion of ultrasound block and the proportion of fetal blood vessel pulsation were lower than those in the low-risk group. After cleaning and correction, the age, the time of menopause, the proportion of preoperative β-hCG, the maximum diameter of the focus, the ultrasound block type and fetal blood vessel pulsation were the risk factors for the massive hemorrhage in the CSP hysteroscopy of the model group. Its risk prediction model was Y = 0.331X1 + 0.303X2 + 0.412X3 + 0.549X4 + 0.572X5 + 0.779X6 (X1 is the age, X2 is the time of menopause, X3 is the preoperative β-hCG, X4 is the maximum diameter of the focus, X5 is the ultrasound block type, X6 is the fetal blood vascular pulsation). ROC curve analysis showed that no significant difference was found in the the area under the curve in predicting the massive hemorrhage in CSP hysteroscopy between these two risk prediction models (P >0. 05). Conclusions Age, the time since the last cesarean section, the time of menopause, preoperative β-hCG, the maximum diameter of the focus, the thickness of the muscle layer of the focus front wall, the vaginal bleeding in the early pregnancy, ultrasound mass type, and the fetal blood vessel pulsation are risk factors for the massive hemorrhage in CSP hysteroscopic resection. In this study, we successfully establish the risk prediction model of massive hemorrhage in CSP hysteroscopy, which has a high predictive value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

\In mid-late 18th century, along with the start of industrial revolution, Britain became the first modern industrialized nation. In the field of consumption, Britain appeared consumer revolution and became a consumer society in the late 18th century and early 19th century. The rise of modern consumer society is due to enormous material wealth and abundant social products after the industrial revolution. In the long run, industrialization eventually led to the improvement of people's living standards and the arrival of consumption society. However, in the early stage of industrialization, though material wealth had an explosive increase, the outcome was not shared by all British people, or brought happiness and benefit to working class. On the contrary, working class fallen into poverty and disaster. Therefore, the study of the industrial revolution on working - class's life and consumption for the reflection of modernity and consumerism is of great significance. Furthermore it is very helpful to realize the socialist core value and develop the modern healthy consumer society in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chinese ancient poetic criticism mostly adopts symbolic way of expression when expounding the principle of creating a poem, evaluating poets and commenting on poems, which made it vivid and aesthetic. The formation and inheritance of this kind of expression have direct or indirect relation with several factors, such as ancient poetics theorists' high literary accomplishment, their symbolic way of thinking and the implicit a rtistic characteristics of ancient poetry. Symbolic way of discussing poems is subtle and profound, but produces some maladies because of its impressiveness and fuzzification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effect of leptin on the expression of Interleukin 6 in vascular endothelial cells. Methods Vascular endothelial cells were culture by primary cell culture, 100 umol/L leptin was used to stimulate endothelial cells for 0, 1, 3, 6, 12h. Then ELISA method was used to detect the expression of IL-6 protein, and the expression of IL-6 mRNA in vascular endothelial cells was detected with real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) . Results Compared with the blank control group, the expression levels of IL-6 were higher in the leptin stimulation group, and the expression levels of IL-6 protein and mRNA were increased when the action time extended. Conclusion Leptin can increase the expression and secretion of IL-6 in vascular endothelial cells in time-dependent manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the VEC model and EGARCH model, an econometrical test was taken on the interactive effects of arbitrage between HS 300 index futures market and its spot market. The results showed that the selling of futures contracts in arbitrage trading led to a decline in futures' prices, but its spot prices were not driven by the buying of spot contracts due to the limited transactions, which meant the convergence of basis between HS 300 index futures market and its spot market was not caused by the negative feedback effects between them but by the futures price responding faster to information than the spot price. Thus, it can be concluded that the arbitrage between HS 300 index futures market and its spot market played a boosting role rather than a buffering role in the asymmetric volatility of the spot market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Fe/C micro-electrolysis and Fenton combined process was used to solve the high yield organic CLT acid wastewater in our country. The influence factors of pH, reaction time, ratio of iron and coke, H2O2 dosage and reaction time of H2O2 were investigated. The results show that when the influent COD is 28.1 g/L to 34.5 g/L, pH is 2.5, ratio of iron and coke is 2:1 and the reaction time is 60 min, the removal rate of COD by ferric-carbon micro-electrolysis is above 30%. For treatment with the Fenton when the H2O2 (30%) dosage is 0.15 mol/L, the reaction time is 60 min and the temperature is 20 to 30°C, the removal rate of COD reaches more than 43%, B/C ratio of wastewater increases from 0.08 to 0.43. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of decompression for large mandibular odontogenic keratocystic tumours in adolescents. METHODS: Fifteen cases of large odontogenic keratocystic tumours in mandible underwent decompression from Feb.2005 to Feb. 2011, the average age of the patients was 19.3 years. Patients were follow-up by X-ray every 2-3 months, and every 6-12 months by CT. Subsequent curettage was given when the remaining tumours were less than 2cm in diameter. RESULTS: The decompression period lasted from 12 to 18 months, with an average time of 13.6 months. After decompression, bone regeneration was noticed on radiographs, the average decrement percentage of the tumour size was 41.5% at 6-month, 61.5% at 12-month and 81.8% at 18-month after operation. All patients were followed up for 1-5 years after secondary surgical curettage, no recurrence was observed. CONCLUSION: Decompression is a preferred treatment for large mandibular odontogenic keratocystic tumours in adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are two ways to construct credibility, resulting in two types of credibility: traditional one based on morality and feelings, and modem one based on laws, contracts and a clear relationship between power and responsibility. However, with the development of economy, there appears a third one based on the combination of morality and laws. Therefore, it is necessary to have a third way to construct the credibility system with responsibility at the core. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The marriage system and family pattern have been undergoing unprecedented crisis since the latter hall of the 20th century. A wave of divorce is taking place across the globe and in Europe as well, Britain of which is especially typical. Britain's Divorce Law underwent a transformation from a conditional divorce to an unlimited divorce in the 20th century. However, due to a growing divorce rate, the number of the single -- patent families is on the rise, thus making it a social problem besetting British society. Facing the turbulent wave of divorce, British legislature is making an extra effort so as to adjust and improve the Divorce Law in the hope of getting marriage and family on the right track. From a perspective of the marriage and family laws, the transformation process of Britain's Divorce Law of the 20th century is clarified in the present article. Meanwhile, its impacts on the marriage system and the trends which the transformation of Divorce Law brings are analyzed so that the investigation can be applied to the divorce situation in modern China for reference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the process of transformation from one party autocracy to multi-party democracy, the Turkish society has experienced a continuous turbulence. Only when the army staged a military coup was the social order restored, which took place three times during the period from 1960s to 1980s. Previously, quite a few people in Turkish society had high expectations for multi-party democracy. They believed that all kinds of difficulty could be solved by the multi-party democracy and the rapid development of national economy could be guaranteed. However, the modern political system has its own complicated mechanism which will not play a constructive role until some important social conditions are satisfied. Otherwise, the multi-party democracy may even become an obstacle to the social stability and economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, historians in academic circle have increasingly realized the significance of Agricultural Revolution that England experienced for industrialization and modernization. The paper will focus on the real historical appearances for Agricultural Revolution from the perspectives of productive force and production relation, then reveal historical roles that England "s social upper Peer Gentry played in the course of Agricultural modernization and the great changes of social spiritual values brought about by the historic shift . All these laid a full spiritual and cultural preparation for the start of modernization in England. Without the shift of mental values and cultural ideas, it would be hard to give a reasonable explanation for England's starting of modernization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The expression of "Spare Melancholy" is of long standing in Chinese classical poems. The sensitive feeling and light melancholy of the lapse of time, youth and life appeared repeatedly in classical poems due to specific scenes. In Song Dynasty, in virtue of poets' dual mood and complex cultural personality, Song poems which is adapted to express people's slender feeling and tactful thought became prosperous and had disparted with traditional proses and poesy in function. Proses and traditional poesy was used to express the ambition, while in Song poems a great deal of poems expressing melancholy about the past of spring and life time emerged, which formed a particular landscape in the history of literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Death of Socrates is an important event in the history of Western political philosophy. Plato has written a dialogue called Socratic Apology. There is a puzzle that anyone who has read Apology might have had from time to time. Why did Socrates not take many opportunities to compromise and so to avoid his tragedy? Why did he often challenge Athens, almost intentionally brought his own death? There are, however, two ways of interpreting this event. To use Berlin's famous analogy, one may either think Socrates' destiny as a hedgehog's tragedy, or think it a fox' one. The former interpretation believes that because Socrates is too confident in insisting on an absolutist, simple and transcendent idea of value, his beliefs will be inevitably in violent conflict with the secular values of Athens' city-state. Because Socrates thought himself fighting for the Truth, the city had to shut up him by death penalty. On the other hand, a fox will have his own kind of tragedy. The stableness of the state is based on the moral seriousness. A fox sophist is someone who is pluralistic, negative, and deconstructive. Socrates is exactly this kind of fox. Fox may be a good characteristic of a scholar, but a society must fend off this ironic spirit if it is going to maintain social solidarity. "Philosophy" may have two different meanings. However, the two may all become threats to politics. First, philosophy is often understood as metaphysics. Metaphysics is transcendental, and hence may threat mundane political life. On the other hand, philosophy may be regarded as "critical spirit", which means the spirit of fox. Its rule of morality is skeptical of everything, including metaphysics. This philosophy may threat politics more, as moral life is based on faiths. After Delphi Event, Socrates devoted all his energy into this kind of philosophical cause, criticizing other people and himself. There is one point to be stressed. We think that Plato and Socrates are basically of one mind. Plato is, unlike some modern scholars have suggested, someone who has lost his teacher's critical spirit. If the two are of opposite minds, as those scholars have thought, why did Plato elaborates Socratic philosophy in detail and in a persuasive way? The arguments for the enemy would lead to the jeopardy of one's own philosophy. Our study suggests another conclusion. Socrates cannot be confined into either of these patterns. A more plausible possibility is that Socrates is both a fox and a hedgehog. The two mentalities do not conflict in Socrates, but reinforce each other. This leads to his powerful intellectual and moral caliber, and, unfortunately, leads to his death. Fortunately, Plato has realized the significance in this event. His masterful representation of Socrates has made Socratic tragedy an important foundation for the Western history of politics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To clarify the research history, status, and clinical compatibility law of Dachaihu Decoction by analyzing the relevant literature and medical records. Methods Using the method of literature metrology, the relevant literature of Dachaihu Decoction was searched from 1961 to 2021 in CNKI for statistical analysis of the number of publications, journals, disease type and pharmacological effects. Besides, CiteSpace was used to visually analyze the decoction. Screening the efficacy cases of Dachaihu Decoction in CNKI from 2011 to 2021, a standard prescription database was established, a drug co-occurrence complex network was formed, and conducted cluster analysis. Results A total of 1898 literature was included. From 2011 to 2021, there was an overall upward trend in the number of publications, which were mainly published on the Traditional Chinese Medicine journals. Pharmacological studies mainly focused on its anti-inflammatory, liver protection, cholagogic effect, anti-atherosclerosis and lipid-lowering effects. Meanwhile, Dachaihu Decoction was most frequently used for the treatment of acute pancreatitis, cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. The main research focus was the clinical treatment with Dachaihu Decoction in related diseases. In addition, it showed that Dachaihu Decoction was often used in combination with the herbs such as Jinqiancao, Yujin, Jineijin, etc, while Guizhi Fuling Pill is one of the most commonly used combination prescriptions. Conclusions Dachaihu Decoction is one of the popular clinical and classical prescriptions. However, there still lack of high-level evidence both in clinical research and mechanism detection, which needs further study by subsequent researchers.

With the development of the mobile augmented reality (MAR),users have higher requirements on video quality and response time on it.MAR applications offload computation-intensive tasks to the cloud or edge servers for processing.In order to provide users with high-quality rendering services,MAR needs to download massive amounts of data from cloud or edge servers.Due to the instability of network condition and the limitation of network bandwidth,data transmission will extend MAR application response time,which increases the energy consumption,and seriously affects the user experience.This paper proposes a bit-rate adaptive model based on gradient boosting regression (GBR).The model considers the different needs of users in different network conditions,analyzes the features of the 200 popular videos,finds the connection between the video features and the user requirements,and provides appropriate video bitrate configuration according to different needs,thus to achieve the goal of maintaining experience,reducing latency and saving energy.The results show that compared with the original rendered 1080p video,the proposed bitrate adaptive model can save 58% downloading time latency(19.13 ms) per frame while maintaining the user's viewing experience as much as possible.

The microservice decomposition of the monolithic system can effectively alleviate the problems of system redundancy and difficulty in maintenance of the monolithic architecture.However,the existing microservice decomposition methods fail to make full use of the attribute information of the microservice architecture,which leads to the low rationality of service decomposition results.This paper proposes a service decomposition method based on microservice architecture.The method constructs an entity-attribute relationship graph through the association information of system services and attributes.Then the service decomposition rules are formulated by combining the feature information of the microservice architecture with the demand information of the target system,the association information between the two types of vertices is quantified,and a weighted entity-attribute graph is generated.Finally,the weighted GN algorithm is applied to realize the microservice decomposition of the system automatically.The experimental results show that the method greatly improves the timeliness of service decomposition,and the gene-rated microservice decomposition scheme performs better in terms of various evaluation metrics.

Based on the carbon emission accounting method for domestic sewage, combined with the current situation of rural domestic sewage treatment, the carbon emissions of traditional schemes and source separation schemes under the three scenarios of single household, multi-household, and pipeline treatments were calculated. The results showed that the net carbon emissions （calculated as CO 2 ） of the single household, multi-household, and pipeline treatment traditional schemes were 1.21, 3.37, and 2.69 kg·m -3 , respectively. The net carbon emissions （calculated as CO 2 ） of the single household, multi-household, and pipeline treatments in source separation schemes were -0.50, -0.04, and -0.54 kg·m -3 , respectively, achieving zero or even negative carbon emissions. The direct and indirect carbon emissions of the source separation scheme were lower than those of the traditional scheme under all three scenarios. The carbon compensation measures in the source separation scheme mainly came from the land use of urine after storage and treatment. By separating blackwater from graywater at the source, the Source Separation Program achieved resource utilization of highly concentrated pollutants in blackwater, reducing emissions while generating significant carbon offsets. Therefore, efforts should be made to promote the separation and treatment of rural domestic sewage sources, improve the utilization rate of rural domestic sewage resources, and achieve green and low-carbon development of rural domestic sewage treatment.

The testis, as one of the important reproductive organs in men, has two major functions of secreting androgens and producing sperm. Androgen and spermatogenesis are the key factors for the evaluation of the testicular function. The lack of androgen or the decline of spermatogenic function is both a symbolic manifestation and a "product" of testis aging. In order to gain a deeper insight into the relationship between testis aging and overall health, this article reviews the relevant literature based on the correlation of androgen deficiency with various systemic diseases and the belief in the impacts of testis aging on the health of the cardiovascular and nervous systems through different channels, the development and progression of metabolic diseases, orthopedic diseases, PCa, kidney disease, peptic ulcer and other diseases. All these suggest that adequate attention should be paid to the studies of male reproductive health and its impact on overall health, so as to provide some new ideas and evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment of relevant conditions.

Objectives: To investigate the clinical value of complement-3a receptor 1 (C3aR1) and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in predicting sepsis-induced coagulopathy (SIC)., Methods: A prospective study was conducted among 78 children with sepsis who attended Xuzhou Children's Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University from June 2022 to June 2023. According to the presence or absence of SIC, they were divided into two groups: SIC ( n =36) and non-SIC ( n =42) . The two groups were compared in terms of clinical data and the levels of C3aR1 and NETs. The factors associated with the occurrence of SIC were analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the performance of C3aR1 and NETs in predicting SIC., Results: Compared with the non-SIC group, the SIC group had significantly higher levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10, C3aR1, and NETs ( P <0.05). The multivaiate logistic regression analysis showed that the increases in C3aR1, NETs, and IL-6 were closely associated with the occurrence of SIC ( P <0.05). The ROC curve analysis showed that C3aR1 combined with NETs had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.913 in predicting SIC ( P <0.05), which was significantly higher than the AUC of C3aR1 or IL-6 ( P <0.05), while there was no significant difference in AUC between C3aR1 combined with NETs and NETs alone ( P >0.05)., Conclusions: There are significant increases in the expression levels of C3aR1 and NETs in the peripheral blood of children with SIC, and the expression levels of C3aR1 and NETs have a high clinical value in predicting SIC.

Epidemic diseases have caused huge harm to the society. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has made great contributions to the prevention and treatment of them. It is of great reference value for fighting diseases and developing drugs to explore the medication law and mechanism of TCM under TCM theory. In this study, the relationship between the TCM theory of cold pestilence and modern epidemic diseases was investigated. Particularly, the the relationship of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19), severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS), and influenza A(H1 N1) with the cold pestilence was identified and analyzed. The roles of TCM theory of cold pestilence in preventing and treating modern epidemic diseases were discussed. Then, through data mining and textual research, prescriptions for the treatment of cold pestilence were collected from major databases and relevant ancient books, and their medication laws were examined through analysis of high-frequency medicinals and medicinal pairs, association rules analysis, and cluster analysis. For example, the prescriptions with high confidence levels were identified: &quot;Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Bupleuri Radix-Paeoniae Radix Alba&quot; &quot;Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Pinelliae Rhizoma-Bupleuri Radix&quot;, and TCM treatment methods with them were analyzed by clustering analysis to yield the medicinal combinations: &quot;Zingiberis Rhizoma-Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata-Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma&quot; &quot;Poria-Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma&quot; &quot;Cinnamomi Ramulus-Asari Radix et Rhizoma&quot; &quot;Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium-Perillae Folium&quot; &quot;Pinelliae Rhizoma-Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex-Atractylodis Rhizoma&quot; &quot;Paeoniae Radix Alba-Angelicae Sinensis Radix-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Bupleuri Radix-Scutellariae Radix-Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens&quot; &quot;Ephedrae Herba-Armeniacae Semen Amarum-Gypsum Fibrosum&quot; &quot;Chuanxiong Rhizoma-Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix-Angelicae Dahuricae Radix-Platycodonis Radix-Saposhnikoviae Radix&quot;. Then, according to the medication law for cold pestilence, the antiviral active components of medium-frequency and high-frequency medicinals were retrieved. It was found that these components exerted the antiviral effect by inhibiting virus replication, regulating virus proteins and antiviral signals, and suppressing protease activity. Based on network pharmacology, the mechanisms of the medicinals against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV), 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV), and H1 N1 virus were explored. It was determined that the key targets were tumor necrosis factor(TNF), endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA), serum creatinine(SRC), epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR), matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP9), mitogen-activated protein kinase 14(MAPK14), and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2(PTGS2), which were involved the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) pathway, advanced glycation end-products(AGE)-receptor for AGE(RAGE) pathway, COVID-19 pathway, and mTOR pathway. This paper elucidated the medication law and mechanism of TCM for the prevention and treatment of epidemic diseases under the guidance of TCM theory of cold pestilence, in order to build a bridge between the theory and modern epidemic diseases and provide reference TCM methods for the prevention and treatment of modern epidemic diseases and ideas for the application of data mining to TCM treatment of modern diseases.

Curcuma kwangsiensis root tuber is a widely used genuine medicinal material in Guangxi, with the main active components of terpenoids and curcumins. It has the effects of promoting blood circulation to relieve pain, moving Qi to relieve depression, clearing heart and cooling blood, promoting gallbladder function and anti-icterus. Modern research has proved its functions in liver protection, anti-tumor, anti-oxidation, blood lipid reduction and immunosuppression. Considering the research progress of C. kwangsiensis root tubers and the core concept of quality marker(Q-marker), we predicted the Q-markers of C. kwangsiensis root tubers from plant phylogeny, chemical component specificity, traditional pharmacodynamic properties, new pharmacodynamic uses, chemical component measurability, processing methods, compatibility, and components migrating to blood. Curcumin, curcumol, curcumadiol, curcumenol, curdione, germacrone, and β-elemene may be the possible Q-markers. Based on the predicted Q-markers, the mechanisms of the liver-protecting and anti-tumor activities of C. kwangsiensis root tubers were analyzed. AKT1, IL6, EGFR, and STAT3 were identified as the key targets, and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction signaling pathway, nitrogen metabolism pathway, cancer pathway, and hepatitis B pathway were the major involved pathways. This review provides a basis for the quality evaluation and product development of C. kwangsiensis root tubers and gives insights into the research on Chinese medicinal materials.

Peroxymonosulfate(PMS)-based advanced oxidation processes were widely used for the degradation of organic pollutants. Electron-rich azo dye Acid Orange 7(AO7) was selected as the target organic matter in this work. The differences, influencing factors, efficiency, and mechanisms of a PMS/Co 2+ homogeneous system in the degradation of organic pollutants with two different buffers of boric acid(Lewis acid) and phosphoric acid(Bronstede acid) were investigated. The k value of AO7 degradation in the PMS/Co 2+ homogeneous system with phosphate buffer was greater than that with borate buffer, but the degradation percentage during the first 10 seconds of the reaction was lower in the former case. These differences were affected by buffer concentration, the PMS and Co 2+ dosages, and pH. In the phosphate buffer, ·OH or SO 4 - · contributed to organic degradation in the PMS/Co 2+ system, while in the borate buffer, the nonradical pathway( 1 O 2 ) made a critical contribution to the removal of organics. This study provides a reference for the application of different types of buffers in the homogeneous catalysis of PMS.

Objective: To explore the evaluation value of sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score at different time points in the prognosis of patients with severe pneumonia combined with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)., Methods: A retrospective cohort study method was conducted, including patients with severe pneumonia and ARDS admitted to the emergency intensive care unit (ICU) of General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from January 2015 to December 2019. General clinical data such as gender, age, and the SOFA scores at 1, 2, 3, and 7 days after admission were recorded. According to the diagnostic test, the prognostic evaluation value of SOFA score in patients with severe pneumonia combined with ARDS at different time points and different ages was analyzed., Results: A total of 88 cases were included in this study, eventually, 42 cases were survived and 46 cases died, the mortality was 52.27%. The age of the death group was significantly older than the survival group (years old: 60.67±14.66 vs. 51.91±15.97), the SOFA score at each time point were significantly higher than those in the survival group (9.83±3.50 vs. 7.54±2.67, 9.98±3.75 vs. 7.48±2.92, 10.84±4.14 vs. 7.23±2.94, 11.71±4.03 vs. 6.51±3.22, respectively at 1, 2, 3, 7 days after admission, all P < 0.01). The receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve) showed that the SOFA score at 1, 2, 3, and 7 days after admission had a certain predictive value for the prognosis of patients with severe pneumonia combined with ARDS (all P < 0.01), and with the prolong of ICU stay, the area under ROC curve (AUC) of SOFA score had gradually increased. On the 7th day after admission, the SOFA score had the highest sensitivity in predicting severe pneumonia combined with ARDS patients, which was 92.86%, and the specificity was the highest on the 3rd day after admission, which was 88.10%. The AUC in day 7 was significantly higher than day 2 (0.85 vs. 0.72), there was no statistically significant difference of AUC at other time points. After stratifying by age, the diagnostic of sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and AUC of SOFA score for the prognosis had gradually increased, and the predictive value was better. However, only on day 3 after admission, the AUC of SOFA score was significantly higher than day 1 (0.80 vs. 0.77, P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference in AUC at other time points. In patients older than 60 years old, the AUC of the SOFA score predicting the prognosis of patients was relatively small on day 1 and day 2 (0.67, 0.68, respectively), the ability was poor. There was no statistically significant difference in the AUC of SOFA scores at each time point in evaluating the prognosis of patients. The trends over time of patients at different ages and time points showed that regardless of age, the SOFA scores of the patients in the death group showed an upward trend, while showed a downward trend in the survival group, the difference reached the largest on the 7th day after admission, and the death group was significantly higher than the survival group (age < 60 years old: 12.50 vs. 6.69; age ≥ 60 years old: 11.58 vs. 6.21)., Conclusions: The initial SOFA score has a certain value in the evaluation of prognosis of severe pneumonia patients combined with ARDS, but the effect is poor for elderly patients.

Due to the problems of low nitrogen removal efficiency and unclear electron transfer during biological denitrification treatment of an oligotrophic drinking water reservoir, the nitrogen removal characteristics, environmental adaptability, and electron transfer during denitrification were systematically studied using the aerobic denitrifier Acinetobacter junii ZMF5, which has efficient nitrogen removal ability. The results showed that:① Strain ZMF5 exhibited efficient heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification ability, with an ammonia removal rate of 0.211 mg·(L·h) -1 and a nitrate removal rate of 0.236 mg·(L·h) -1 , and the nitrification intermediates were not accumulated during the treatment process. ② According to analysis of the nitrogen removal efficiency and growth kinetics of strain ZMF5, the strain can effectively utilize different types of carbon source, and show efficient nitrogen removal efficiency under the conditions of low C/N, low pH, and low temperature. ③ Analysis of nitrogen balance showed that carboxylate compound, compared with carbohydrate, could promote the process of aerobic denitrification and change the nitrogen removal pathway of strain ZMF5, i.e., 38.81% of nitrogen was transformed into gas, higher than the 29.81% for assimilation. ④ Analysis of carbon balance indicated that most carbon sources were used as electron donors in the denitrification process, but fewer electrons were used for nitrate reduction, and with respect to different carbon sources, electron transfer to the nitrate respiratory chain was regulated by different reduction potentials, electron donor abundance, and molecular weight. Acinetobacter junii ZMF5 could be used to control nitrogen pollution in drinking water reservoirs.

To understand the runoff pollution characteristics of the typical purple soil small watershed in the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), the rainfall-runoff duration under typical land use types of the Xinzheng watershed and the nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations in the outlet runoff of each catchment were dynamically monitored, and the loss rule of N and P in the rainfall runoff in the small watershed in the TGR was investigated and analyzed. The results showed that the losses of runoff N and P were 13.69 kg·(hm 2 ·a) -1 and 1.50 kg·(hm 2 ·a) -1 , respectively. N and P in agricultural fertilizers and rainfall scouring were the main causes of runoff pollution in the Xinzheng watershed. The average concentration of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) reached 10.05 mg·L -1 and 1.10 mg·L -1 , far exceeding the occurrence standard of eutrophication, which should be cause for concern. The nitrate nitrogen (NN) and particulate phosphorus (PP) in the rainfall were 69.47 kg and 6.83 kg on August 15, 2010, accounting for 53.91% and 53.78% of TN and TP, respectively. The NN and AN were 6.68 kg and 5.61 kg, respectively, in the rainfall on August 26, 2010, accounting for 37.74% and 31.69% of TN and PP was 1.36 kg, accounting for 57.63% of TP, indicating that nitrogen loss was mainly through the soluble state, while phosphorus migration was dominated by particulate matter. Heavy rainfall in the Xinzheng watershed had a significant impact on the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus. This was related to the properties of purple soil, such as thin soil layer, frequent cultivation and relatively loose soil.

The planting area of Chinese medicinal materials is an important basis for formulating policies such as production and poverty alleviation of Chinese medicinal materials and is determining the quantity of medicinal materials trade. Accurately mastering the information of the distribution,area and yield of Chinese medicinal materials cultivation is the basis of the adjustment of the planting structure of traditional Chinese medicine. It is now the largest planting place of Mongolian traditional Chinese medicinal materials in Naiman banner that is belonging to Tongliao city,Inner Mongolia. It is of great significance to obtain the planting area of Mongolian Chinese medicinal materials in Naiman banner in time and effectively for the development of subsequent industries. In this study,Saposhnikovia divaricata,a medicinal plant planted in Naiman banner,was selected as an example,and the fusion 2 m resolution ZY-3 remote sensing image was used as the data source. Based on the ground survey data,the sample data of each typical ground object were selected,and the spectral characteristic curves of different ground objects were obtained,and the S. divaricata spectral information was obtained. Using the filtering texture analysis method based on probability statistics,five kinds of texture image display results under different texture filtering were compared and analyzed,and finally the S. divaricata texture features based on information entropy are determined. The distribution range and planting area of S. divaricata in Naiman banner were extracted and interpreted by using the texture and spectral information of remote sensing images. The results showed that: S. divaricata was mainly distributed in the northeast and central south of Naiman banner,and the planting area was 5 336 mu( 1 mu≈667 m 2 ). The field verification data were in good agreement with the remote sensing interpretation results,and the difference was small. It shows that the combination of spectral information and texture information can realize the discrimination of S. divaricata,and the interpretation results can provide a reference for the county to formulate the poverty alleviation action of Chinese medicinal material industry and the economic development plan of agricultural producing areas.

Purpose: To investigate the clinical outcomes and prognosis of harmonic scalpel assisted extracapsular dissection for benign parotid tumors., Methods: A total of 132 patients with full medical archives who were diagnosed as benign parotid tumors from 3 medical centers were retrospectively analyzed. The included patients were divided into 3 groups according to tumor positions, namely, superficial pre-auricular, superficial tail, and deep lobe. The intra- and peri-operative variables, complications, functional outcomes and recurrence rates were analyzed with SPSS 16.0 software package., Results: The surgical and drainage time were longer and the blood loss and drainage amount were significantly greater in deep lobe group (P<0.01). Facial nerve damage occurred more frequently in deep lobe group (P=0.022), while damages of great auricular nerve and parotid fascia, as well as capsule rupture were similar among 3 groups (P>0.05). More patients with decreased sensation or sialocele were observed in deep lobe group (P=0.004, 0.043, respectively), and no significant differences were found for wound infection and Frey's syndrome among 3 groups (P>0.05).Transient facial nerve paralysis occurred more frequently in deep lobe group (P<0.01), while permanent facial nerve paralysis was similar (P=0.052). No significant difference was observed for tumor recurrence (P=1.000)., Conclusions: HS-ECD displays good outcomes and prognosis for benign tumor of parotid gland, with improved esthetic and functional results as well as fewer complications and recurrence rate postoperatively.

Objective: To explore the clinical significance of elongated needle in the treatment of urinary retention after spinal cord injury., Methods: From January 2016 to June 2018, 60 patients with urinary retention after spinal cord injury were divided into elongated needle acupuncture group and needle acupuncture group, 30 cases in each group. The Shuidao(ST28) and Zhibian(BL54) were selected as the treatment of acupoints. In the elongated needle group, there were 23 males and 7 females, with a mean age of(52±9) years old. The patients in this group were treated on both sides, and the electro-acupuncture apparatus was used for 30 minutes at frequencies of 3 Hz for 30 minutes. In needle group, there were 24 males and 6 females, with a mean age of (56±10) years old. After treatment, the needles were retained for 30 minutes. The treatment frequencies of both groups were once every other day and passed for 2 months. After 2 months of treatment, the clinical significances of the treatment of the disease were explored by analyzing the time between the two groups of patients to reach the equilibrium bladder, diary urinary diary, urodynamics and urinary tract infection between the two groups., Results: (1)Time to reach the equilibrium bladder:(39.5±1.2) days in elongated needle group and (46.5±2.1) days in needle group; the time to reach the equilibrium bladder in the two groups was significantly different( P <0.05). (2)Comparison of urination diary between the two groups:the daily number of catheterization, the amount of each catheterization, the number of daily urination, and the amount of urine per urination after treatment were better than those before treatment by intra-group comparison( P <0.05); the number of daily catheterization, the amount of daily catheterization, the number of daily urination, and the amount of urine output per patient in elongated needle group were better than those in needle group by comparison between two groups( P <0.05). (3)Comparison of improvement of urinary tract infection between the two groups:the urinary tract infection were better than that before treatmant in each group by intra-group comparison; the improvement rate of urinary tract infection in awn needle group (1/3.3%) was higher than that in needle group(5/16.7%), with significantly differences. (4)Comparison of urodynamic index between two groups:by intra-group comparison, the VH2O, Pves, Pdet, Qave, Qmax, and BC of the two groups were better than those before treatment( P <0.05); By comparison between two groups, the improvement of VH2O, Pves, Pdet, Qave, Qmax and BC were better than those of the needle group (all P <0.05)., Conclusions: The elongated needle is better than conventional needle in improving urinary retention, urinary tract infection and urodynamic index in patients with urinary retention after spinal cord injury. It has positive significance in improving patients' quality of life and is worth applying to clinical., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© 2019 by the China Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Press.)

Objective: To analyze the clinical features of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with T315 I mutation (CML-T315I) and compare the effectiveness of different treatments., Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data and outcomes of 19 patients with CML-T315I receiving different treatments. The T315 I mutations in these patients were detected by examination of BCR-ABL kinase domain (KD) mutation by RTQ-PCR and Sanger sequencing. The relapse following the treatments, defined as hematological, cytogenetic and molecular biological recurrences, were analyzed in these patients., Results: Of the 19 patients with CML-T315I, 14 (73.7%) were in CML-CP stage at the initial diagnosis, and 13 (81.2%) were high-risk patients based on the Sokal scores. All the 19 patients were treated with TKI after the initial diagnosis, and during the treatment, 15 (78.9%) patients were found to have additional chromosomal aberrations, and 10 (52.6%) had multiple mutations; 13 (68.4%) of the patients experienced disease progression (accelerated phase/blast crisis) before the detection of T315I mutation, with a median time of 40 months (5-120 months) from the initial diagnosis to the mutation detection. After detection of the mutation, 12 patients were treated with ponatinib and 7 were managed with the conventional chemotherapy regimen, and their overall survival rates at 3 years were 83.3% and 14.2%, respectively ( P &lt; 0.001)., Conclusions: CML patients resistant to TKI are more likely to have T315I mutations, whose detection rate is significantly higher in the progressive phase than in the chronic phase. These patients often have additional chromosomal aberrations and multiple gene mutations with poor prognoses and a high recurrence rate even after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Long-term maintenance therapy with ponatinib may improve the prognosis and prolong the survival time of the patients.

Objective: To observe whether necroptosis was happened in high glucose (HG) - induced primary cardiomyocytes injury and to investigate the likely mechanism., Methods: The primary cultured cardiomyocytes were divided into 4 groups (n=9): control group (the cardiomyocytes were incubated with 5.5 mmol/L glucose for 48 h), HG group (the cardiomyocytes were incubated with 30 mmol/L glucose for 48 h), HG + necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) group (the cardiomyocytes was co-incubated with necroptosis inhibitor Nec-1 at 100 μmol/L and HG for 48 h) and hypertonic pressure group (HPG, the cardiomyocytes was co-incubated with 5.5 mmol/L glucose and 24.5 mmol/L mannitol for 48 h). Cell viability was measured by MTT method, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was measured by DHE staining. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were tested by ELISA method. The mRNA and protein expressions of necroptosis related genes receptor interacting serine/threonine protein kinase 1 (RIP1), RIP3, mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) were tested by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot., Results: The results showed HG intervention decreased cardiomyocytes viability, increased ROS generation, up-regulated the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, increased RIP1, RIP3, MLKL expressions at mRNA and protein levels. Nec-1 treatment attenuated HG-induced increased cardiomyocytes viability, reduced ROS generation, down-regulated the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, decreased RIP1, RIP3, MLKL expressions at mRNA and protein levels., Conclusion: Necroptosis was happened in high glucose-induced primary cardiomyocytes injury. Inhibition of necroptosis can reduce high glucose-induced cardiomyocytes damage, may be related to inhibition of oxidative stress and depression of inflammative factors releasing.

The impact of different aeration positions on startup and operation of the continuous flow CANON granular sludge process was considered by inoculating flocculent ANAMMOX activated sludge at room temperature (25±1)℃ in two sets of AUSB reactors. The aeration unit of R1 was installed 0.3 m above the base, while the aeration unit of R2 was set at the bottom. R1 and R2 successfully developed the granule CANON process on the 43rd d and 56th d, respectively. The mean particle diameter of R1 granular sludge increased to 214.79 μm, and the eigenvalue (△NO 3 - -N/△TN) was maintained at 0.128; whereas, the granular sludge size of R2 rose to 205.27 μm with an eigenvalue maintained at 0.129. The nitrogen loading rate (NLR) was gradually increased in the low ammonia-nitrogen (90 mg·L -1 ) wastewater within R1 and R2. This was more beneficial in R1, resulting in the persistent growth of CANON granular sludge and the enhancement of the systematic nitrogen removal rate (NRR). The average particle diameter of R1 rose to 507.46 μm in 88 d, while NRR reached up to 0.277 kg·(m 3 ·d) -1 . R2 granule sludge particle size was 467.72 μm after 108 d of cultivation, and achieved a 0.243 kg·(m 3 ·d) -1 NRR, which was 87.73% of that in R1. During the course of steady operation, the specific anoxic/aerobic mode of R1 effectively suppressed NOB microbial activity, the eigenvalue remained around 0.127±0.003, and the NRR of R1 was maintained at about (0.262±0.019) kg·(m 3 ·d) -1 . However, NOB was propagated observably in the continuously aerobic R2, whose eigenvalue rose to 0.136±0.004, while NRR was merely (0.231±0.015) kg·(m 3 ·d) -1 after 125 d of long-term operation. During the whole experiment period, the intermediate-setting aerated AUSB accelerated the formation of CANON granular sludge evolving from flocculent ANAMMOX sludge, and better nitrogen removal performance and operational stability were achieved.

The effect of organic carbon on the start-up and operation of the CANON granular sludge process was investigated in two SBR reactors with different strategies:gradually increased organic carbon concentration (R1) and without organic carbon (R2). The results showed that adding 50 mg·L -1 organic carbon accelerated the start-up of the CANON granular sludge process. R1 and R2 were started up in 23 d and 32 d, respectively. Moreover, the appropriate organic carbon enhanced the activity of AOB, AnAOB, and denitrification, increasing the ammonia removal rates and total nitrogen (TN) removal rates. The maximum ammonia removal rates and total nitrogen removal rates of R1 were 92% and 88%, respectively. The maximum ammonia removal rates and total nitrogen removal rates of R2 were 89% and 80%, respectively. Further tests showed that excessive organic carbon concentration decreased the activity of AOB and AnAOB and reduced the removal efficiency of ammonia and total nitrogen. Adding organic carbon promoted denitrification activity and increased nitrogen removal efficiency.