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The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between kyphosis and breathing in elderly people. Hand grip power, pulmonary function, maximal inspiratory mouth pressure (Pimax), maximal expiratory mouth pressure (PEmax), and breathing patterns were compared between the kyphosis group and the normal group. In the kyphosis group, hand grip power, Plmax, PEmax, peak flow (PEF) and %PEF were significantly lower than in the normal group. During spontaneous breathing, there was a significantly different breathing pattern between the kyphosis group and the normal group. There was more chest movement in the kyphosis group, and more abdomen movement in the normal group. The kyphosis group had significantly decreased volume of abdominal movement during spontaneous breathing and slow vital capacity maneuvers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breathing pattern parameters refer to the characteristic pattern parameters of respiratory movements, including the breathing amplitude and cycle, chest and abdomen contribution, coordination, etc. It is of great importance to analyze the breathing pattern parameters quantificationally when exploring the pathophysiological variations of breathing and providing instructions on pulmonary rehabilitation training. Our study provided detailed method to quantify breathing pattern parameters including respiratory rate, inspiratory time, expiratory time, inspiratory time proportion, tidal volume, chest respiratory contribution ratio, thoracoabdominal phase difference and peak inspiratory flow. We also brought in "respiratory signal quality index" to deal with the quality evaluation and quantification analysis of long-term thoracic-abdominal respiratory movement signal recorded, and proposed the way of analyzing the variance of breathing pattern parameters. On this basis, we collected chest and abdomen respiratory movement signals in 23 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and 22 normal pulmonary function subjects under spontaneous state in a 15 minute-interval using portable cardio-pulmonary monitoring system. We then quantified subjects' breathing pattern parameters and variability. The results showed great difference between the COPD patients and the controls in terms of respiratory rate, inspiratory time, expiratory time, thoracoabdominal phase difference and peak inspiratory flow. COPD patients also showed greater variance of breathing pattern parameters than the controls, and unsynchronized thoracic-abdominal movements were even observed among several patients. Therefore, the quantification and analyzing method of breathing pattern parameters based on the portable cardiopulmonary parameters monitoring system might assist the diagnosis and assessment of respiratory system diseases and hopefully provide new parameters and indexes for monitoring the physical status of patients with cardiopulmonary disease.