Search

To better integrate cutting-edge knowledge, theories, technologies, and methods into senior undergraduate comprehensive experimental courses, this paper designed an experiment involving the modification of diacetone-D-galactose based on Dess-Martin (DMP) oxidation and Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons (HWE) reactions. We established experimental procedures by researching the oxidation of alcohols and the alkenylation of aldehydes. 2-iodoacylbenzoic acid (IBX) was synthesized by oxidizing o-iodobenzoic acid with potassium peroxymonosulfate (oxone). This was then transformed into DMP under the influence of acetic acid and acetic anhydride. DMP was subsequently employed to oxidize diacetone-D-galactose, and the HWE reaction was finally used to achieve the differential isomeric aldehyde alkenylation. The progress of the reaction was monitored using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) with various staining methods. Schlenk technique was adopted for anhydrous and anaerobic operations, and the target products were isolated and purified through column chromatography. The structure and purity of the compounds were characterized using infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and high-resolution mass spectrometry. DMP oxidation has the advantages of mild conditions, simple operations, high yield and selectivity, and low toxicity. The designed experimental procedures are comprehensive, rich in content, and emphasizes integrative nature, which is beneficial for the organic integration of students' knowledge, capabilities, and qualities, while cultivating their ability to tackle complex problems and develop advanced thinking skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the analysis of occluded buildings in high resolution SAR images, a novel method for occluded building height estimation was proposed. First, a projection model for SAR building signature prediction from a 3D pa-rametric model was constructed. Second, a likelihood function for SAR building signature evaluation was formulated. Finally, the parametric models with different height parameters were evaluated with the actual SAR image by the likelih-ood function. The estimated building height corresponded to the parametric model which reached a maximum likelihood value. Comparative experimental results show that the proposed method is more effective in estimating building height even under partial occlusion.

In view of problem of safety of underground locomotive transportation, an embedded automatic control system of underground locomotive was designed. Card reader based on RFID gets position information of the locomotive through non-contact mode and sends the position information to main processor, then the main processor sends different control commands to locomotive according to different position information. Axle pulse speed sensor is used to measure speed of the locomotive and sends the speed information to the main processor, then the main processor makes timely control for speed of the locomotive combining with predetermined speed. Test result shows that the system can realize control for starting, stopping, acceleration and deceleration of the locomotive and make the locomotive finish function of ore transportation under condition of unmanned driving.

Objective: To study the clinical effect of arthroscopic excision of popliteal cysts through a combined anterior and posterior approach., Methods: From January 2010 to December 2012,20 patients with popliteal cysts were treated with arthroscopic excision. There were 14 males and 6 females, with an average age of 49.5 years old, ranging from 45 to 65 years old. The lump has been found for 4 to 18 months,with a mean time of 12 months. Their mean sagittal diameter was 4.5 cm (ranged from 3 to 7 cm). There were 12 popliteal cysts in the left and 8 popliteal cysts in the right. The main clinical manifestation included lump at popliteal fossa, swelling and pain at knee joint and some extent of dysfunction. All diagnoses were determined according to MRI, which clearly showed the communication of cyst and articular cavity. The cyst was removed under arthroscopy, through the posterior approach and then the intra-articular lesion was treated via the anterior approach. According to Rauschning and Lindgren classification, 2 patients were grade I, 6 patients were grade II, and 12 patients were grade III. The guidelines of Rauschning and Lindgren were used to evaluate the clinical effects., Results: No complications such as the injury of blood vessel and nerve, or incision infection occurred in all patients. All the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 8 to 24 months, with a mean time of 16 months. According to the criteria of Rauschning and Lindgren, there were 14 cases of grade 0, and 6 cases of grade I after operation, which was improved obviously compared with that pre-operation. No cyst reoccurred and the knee joint pain was relieved., Conclusion: Treatment of popliteal cysts with arthroscopic excision through a combined anterior and posterior approach is effective to remove the cyst sac and treat intra-articular diseases simultaneously, resulting in the decrease recurrence rate of cyst.

Objective: To establish the steriod-induced osteoporosis model with the type of Kidney-Yin deficiency., Methods: Totally 45 female Kunming mice were randomly divided into normal group,model group and Liuwei Dihuang pills(Chinese character: see text)group. The model was established by intramuscular injecting of Dexamethasone. Liuwei Dihuang pills (Chinese character: see text) group was administered orally with Liuwei Dihuang pills (Chinese character: see text). The signs and symptoms of mice were observed dynamically. All the animals were sacrificed at the end of the 6th weeks. The level of ACTH, cAMP, cGMP, TSH and E2 in serum were detected to evaluate deficiency of Kidney-Yin. Morphological changes and bone density were observed to evaluate osteoporosis., Results: (1) Compared with control group, mice in model group appeared obvious Kidney-Yin deficiency symptoms, including hair dry, restlessness, excitability, hard stool, and yellow. (2) Compared with control group,the weight of mice in model group gained slower (P<0.01); the index of adrenal gland,liver and spleen decreased (P<0.01, P<0.01 ,P<0.01); the level of ACTH and TSH increased (P<0.01 ,P<0.01), the level of E2 decreased (P<0.01) and the ratio of cAMP/cGMP increased (P< 0.05). (3)Compared with control group,the bone density of lumbar vertebra and femur in model group were significantly decreased (P<0.01, P<0.05); HE staining revealed osteoporosis in model group mice. (4)However, the Liuwei Dihuang pills (Chinese character: see text) group can partly antagonize the inhibition of the HPA axis, alter the disordered sex hormone and the ratio of cAMP/cGMP, and reverse the osteoporosis partly., Conclusion: the model of osteoporosis with type of Kidney-Yin deficiency could be established by Dexamethasone intramuscular injection. With less interference, it wight be a stable and reliable modeling method for integration of disease and syndrome in TCM.

Objective: To study the pharmacokinetics of long-circulating beta-elemene liposomes., Methods: Gas chromatography was established to determine the concentration of beta-elemene in plasma of rats., Results: The alpha, T(1/2beta), K12 and AUC of long-circulating beta-elemene liposomes groups were higher compared with those of the conventional liposomes,and the T(1/2alpha), Vc, CL, K10 of the latter were lower., Conclusion: Long-circulating beta-elemene liposomes can prolong the duration of beta-elemene in the body and improve the efficacy of drugs.

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of telomere shortening through 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) and subsequent ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation-induced photoaging model in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs)., Methods: Photoaging model was established by 8-MOP + UVA in skin HDFs. Flow cytometer, enzyme cytochemistry, immunofluorescence, Western blot and Real-time PCR were employed., Results: The percentage of G1 blockage of 8-MOP + UVA group were higher than that of control group at 24, 48, 72 h and 7 d (61.4% +/- 1.5% vs. 32.8% +/- 1.5%, 69.5% +/- 2.2% vs. 44.9% +/- 2.3%, 88.2% +/- 1.6% vs. 59.8% +/- 1.4%, 90.7% +/- 2.5% vs. 68.5% +/- 2.6%, all P < 0.01). The expression of SA-beta-Gal of 8-MOP + UVA group were higher than that of control group at 24, 48, 72 h and 7 d (34.87% +/- 0.59% vs. 7.11% +/- 0.78%, 59.38% +/- 0.46% vs. 10.57% +/- 0.47%, 72.46% +/- 0.98% vs. 11.67% +/- 0.87%, 94.33% +/- 0.13% vs. 12.04% +/- 0.12%, all P < 0.01). 8-MOP + UVA treatment could significantly aggravate the oxidative DNA damages, the percentage of 8-oxo-dG positive cell of 8-MOP + UVA group (95.78% +/- 0.14%) were significantly higher than that of control group (7.69% +/- 0.09%, P < 0.01), 8-MOP group (9.76% +/- 0.11%, P < 0.01) and UVA group (35.29% +/- 0.14%, P < 0.05). 8-MOP + UVA treatment could accelerate the telomere shortening ,the relative length of telomere of 8-MOP + UVA group were 2.57 +/- 0.05 lower than that of control group (6.63 +/- 0.12, P < 0.01). The levels of P53, P21(WAF-1) and P16(INK-4a) of 8-MOP + UVA group were higher than that of control group (3.00 +/- 0.88 vs. 0.54 +/- 0.10, 2.50 +/- 0.51 vs. 0.42 +/- 0.06, 2.21 +/- 0.34 vs. 0.38 +/- 0.05, all P < 0.01)., Conclusion: 8-MOP + UVA-induced photoaging of HDFs can be mediated though the regulation of telomere and subsequent P53-dependent signaling pathways.