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Biglycan is a recently discovered .small leucine-rich proteoglycan, widely found in various connective tissues.It has a key role in many organs and systems, and leads to the occurrence and development of a variety of diseases by participating in the whole process of cell growth and apoptosis. In recent years, with the deepening of research, Biglycan has been confirmed to lead to the occurrence and development of bone degenerative diseases by regulating the expression of extracellular matrix, inhibiting the differentiation of osteoblasts and promoting the activation of osteoclast precursor cells. This article aims to provide new ideas for clinical diagnosis and treatment activities by elaborating the role of Biglycan in bone degenerative diseases (Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis, and Intervertebral disc degeneration). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To observe the effect of acupotomy intervention on the expressions of biglycan(BGN), decorin(DCN) and Caspase-3 in lumbar intervertebral disc of rabbits with lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration (LIDD), so as to explore its possible mechanism in relieving LIDD., Methods: Thirty male Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into normal, model and acupotomy groups, with 10 rabbits in each group. The LIDD model was established by axial compression method, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to judge whether the model was successful or not. After modeling, the acupotomy was applied to lumbar (L)4-L5 spinous process space and bilateral transverse processes for loosening, twice a week for 4 weeks. The structural changes of L4-L5 intervertebral disc were observed by MRI. The morphological changes of lumbar spine were observed by HE staining. The expression of Caspase-3 in nucleus pulposus was observed by immunohistochemistry, and the protein expressions of DCN and BGN in intervertebral disc were detected by Western blot, separatively., Results: After mode-ling, the rabbits showed slow movement, stiff back muscles with cords or nodules, the fibrous ring structure of lumbar intervertebral disc was disordered, the number of nucleus pulposus cells was reduced, and the signal intensity of L4-L5 intervertebral disc was decreased in the model group relevant to the normal group. At the same time, the expression of Caspase-3 in nucleus pulposus was increased significantly ( P <0.05), and the expression levels of DCN and BGN in intervertebral disc were decreased significantly ( P <0.05). After acupotomy treatment, the modeling induced slow movement, stiff back muscles and disordered structure of lumbar intervertebral disc were significantly improved. The number of nucleus pulposus cells was increased, the signal intensity of L4-L5 intervertebral disc was enhanced, the expression of Caspase-3 in nucleus pulposus was decreased significantly ( P <0.05), and the expression levels of DCN and BGN in intervertebral disc were increased significantly ( P <0.05) compared with the model group., Conclusion: Acupotomy intervention can inhibit cell apoptosis, reduce the degradation of extracellular matrix in nucleus pulposus of intervertebral disc, and restore the normal force balance and dynamic balance of lumbar spine, which may be one of its mechanisms underlying improving LIDD.

【目的】 初步探讨地塞米松导致VSMCs钙化的分子机制65377; 【方法】 用地塞米松(Dex)诱导血管平滑肌细胞(VSMCs),检测其双链蛋白聚糖(BGN)的表达65377;并通过10-8 mol/L Dex诱导BGN重组腺病毒Ad/BGN感染的VSMCs,分别检测VSMCs钙化程度,BGN65380;osteocalcin65380;cbfa165380;骨形态生成蛋白4(BMP4)的表达65377;实验分4组(n = 3):Ad/Bgl-BGP组:用空载体Ad/Bgl感染细胞;Ad/BGN-BGP组:用Ad/BGN感染细胞;Ad/Bgl-Dex组:用Dex诱导Ad/Bgl感染的VSMC;Ad/BGN-Dex组:用Dex诱导Ad/BGN感染的VSMCs65377; 【结果】 Ad/BGN转染后,VSMCs钙化增强,osteocalcin65380;cbfa1 和BMP4蛋白水平较之相应对照组表达明显增多(P < 0.05),而Dex诱导组在转染Ad/BGN后osteocalcin65380;cbfa165380;BMP4蛋白表达更多65377;Dex诱导后,Ad/BGN转染的VSMCs,其BGN蛋白的表达量较未加Dex的相应对照组显著增加(P < 0.05)65377; 【结论】 BGN能促进地塞米松诱导的血管平滑肌细胞钙化65377;

Objective: To identify cancer-related genes in diffuse-type gastric cancer and to explore its molecular mechanism by cDNA microarray analysis., Methods: A total of 22 pairs of diffuse-type gastric cancer tissue and the corresponding normal mucosa were taken and freshly frozen. cDNA microarray with 14,592 genes/ESTs was used. Genes were considered to be up- or down-regulated when the fluorescent intensity ratio between tumor and normal mucosa was over 2-fold in over 50% of the samples (P < 0.05). Hierarchical clustering of regulated genes was performed as a measure to study expressional similarity. Validation of array results was carried out by real time quantitative PCR (QPCR)., Results: Compared with those of corresponding normal mucosa, there were a total of 153 genes/ESTs up-regulated and 204 down-regulated in diffuse-type gastric cancer. Hierarchical clustering demonstrated that the genes belonging to the same subgroup displayed similar function. Most of the overexpressed genes were those related to cell adhesion, cell motility, matrix reconstruction, cell proliferation and/or signal transduction; while genes related to defense response, toxicoid metabolism, DNA repairing, nuclear-cytoplasmic transport and/or anti-apoptosis made up the main list of the underexpressed genes. Seven genes showed higher expression in TNM (T I + T II) group than in (T III + T IV) group. QPCR confirmed the array analysis results., Conclusion: Gene expression profiling by cDNA microarray analysis provides not only molecular understanding of biological properties of cancer, but may also be helpful in discovering new diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets in gastric adenocarcinoma.

Objective: To study the distribution and expression of fibromodulin, decorin and biglycan in developing normal periodontal tissues, so as to understand its role in periodontal tissue formation., Methods: Thirty six BALB/c mice in different developing stages were killed and their bilateral mandibular first molars with surrounding alveolar bones and gingival tissues were taken out, Power Vision two steps immunohistochemical method with anti-fibromodulin, anti-decorin and anti-biglycan was used to detect the tissue distribution and cellular localization of fibromodulin and related proteoglycans, decorin and biglycan., Results: Fibromodulin was strongly expressed in the subcutaneous gingival connective tissue, periodontal ligament, mainly in gingival and periodontal fibroblasts as well as their matrices. Strong expression was also noted in the area close to the interfaces of periodontal ligament-alveolar bone and periodontal ligament-cementum. Decorin was strongly expressed in the area of gingival connective tissue, periodontal ligament and the surface of alveolar bone, while biglycan was stained evidently in gingival connective tissue throughout the period of investigation, but negative in the surface of alveolar bone and osteoblasts., Conclusions: Fibromodulin may interact with decorin and biglycan to regulate the network formation of gingival connective tissues and periodontal collagen fibers, and may be involved in mineralization of the alveolar bone and cementum.

Objective: To study the distribution and expression of fibromodulin in normal periodontium, so as to understand its role in periodontal tissue homeostasis., Methods: Five normal male Lewis rats were killed and their bilateral mandibular first molars with surrounding alveolar bones and gingival tissues were taken out. Human gingival fibroblasts, fibroblasts of periodontal ligament, and osteoblasts were cultured. Immunohistochemistry with anti-fibromodulin, anti-decorin, anti-biglycan, anti-type I collagen, and anti-type III collagen antibodies and RT-PCR were used to detect the tissue distribution and cellular localization of fibromodulin and related proteoglycans, decorin and biglycan, and type I and type III collagens., Results: Fibromodulin was strongly expressed in the suprabasal gingival epithelium, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, gingival and periodontal fibroblasts as well as their matrices. Strong expression was noted in the area close to oral gingival aspect and the interfaces of periodontal ligament-alveolar bone and periodontal-ligament-cementum. Decorin was strongly expressed in the area close to the gingival sulcus in gingival tissue. Biglycan was stained evidently in gingival epithelium. Fibromodulin, decorin and biglycan mRNAs were strongly expressed in osteoblasts. mRNAs of type I and type III collagens were strongly expressed in gingival fibroblasts., Conclusion: Fibromodulin may interact with other small proteoglycans to regulate the network formation of periodontal collagen fibers, and may be involved in mineralization of the alveolar bone and cementum.