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Objective To explore the efficacy of treating diabetic macular edema with aflibercept and ranibizumab. and to compare the effects of these two drugs on central macular thickness (CMT), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and central macular volume (CMV). Methods From February 2021 to February 2023.100 patients with diabetic macular edema were admitted to the hospital and randomly divided into two groups using the envelope method: the observation group (50 patients, 50 eyes) treated with aflibercept, and the control group (50 patients, 50 eyes) treated with ranibizumab. The efficacy, CMT, BCVA,CMV, and com- plications of the two groups were compared. Results There was no statistically significant difference in the overall efficacy between the two groups (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the pre-treatment values of CMT and CMV between the two groups (P>0.05). However, the CMT and CMV values at 4 and 8 months post-treatment were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group (P< 0.05). There was no significant difference in BCVA values before treatment, and at 4 and 8 months after treatment between the two groups (P>0.05). The rates of complications such as cataract, vitreous hemorrhage. and conjunctivitis were similar between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Both aflibercept and ranibizumab can be effective in treating diabetic macular edema. However, aflibercept has a more pronounced advantage in reducing CMT and decreasing CMV, with fewer complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: The traditional surgical treatment for stromal corneal dystrophy is penetrating keratoplasty. In recent years, more and more doctors are considering using deep lamellar keratoplasty to treat stromal corneal dystrophy. Few studies comparing penetrating keratoplasty and deep lamellar keratoplasty for stromal corneal dystrophy have been reported in China. OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical efficacy of deep lamellar keratoplasty and penetrating keratoplasty in the treatment of stromal corneal dystrophy. METHODS: Fifty-seven patients (57 eyes) diagnosed with stromal corneal dystrophy and admitted at the General Hospital of Northern Theater Command from January 2000 to January 2018 were selected, including 18 males and 39 females, aged (52.9±20.0) years. They were divided into two groups based on the surgical procedure: 21 cases (21 eyes) in the deep lamellar keratoplasty group and 36 cases (36 eyes) in the penetrating keratoplasty group. A 12-month followup was conducted to observe the best-corrected visual acuity, corneal endothelial cell density, corneal graft transparency, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and recurrence of the original disease. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Visual acuity at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively was higher than preoperatively in both groups (P < 0.05). The postoperative best-corrected visual acuity between the two groups showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). With the prolongation of postoperative time, the corneal endothelial cell density gradually decreased in the two groups, and the annual loss rate of corneal endothelial cell density in the penetrating keratoplasty group was higher than that of the deep lamellar keratoplasty group at 6 and 12 months postoperatively (P < 0.05), while there was no significant difference in corneal graft transparency between the two groups at 12 months postoperatively (P > 0.05). There were six cases of complications in the deep lamellar keratoplasty group and 14 cases of complications in the penetrating keratoplasty group. There was no recurrence in 57 cases within 12 months after surgery, and the difference in recurrence rates between the two groups at 5 years after surgery was not significant (P > 0.05). The graft survival rates at 5 years after surgery in the penetrating keratoplasty group and the deep lamellar keratoplasty group were 83% and 86%, respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). To conclude, deep lamellar keratoplasty could be considered as an alternative to penetrating keratoplasty in the treatment of stromal corneal dystrophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]