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The microrheological characteristics and stability of set yogurt made from camel and cow milks during fermentation were analyzed by multi-frequency diffusion wave spectroscopy and multi-light scattering spectroscopy, respectively, and their titratable acidity, viable bacterial count, viscosity, water-holding capacity and texture indexes were determined. The results showed that it took 9.5 h for camel milk and 6.5 h for cow milk to reach the end point of fermentation. The results of microrheological analysis showed that as a fluid with low viscoelasticity, fermented camel milk had lower elasticity index (EI) and macroscopic viscosity index (MVI) but higher flow factor (FF) and solid-liquid balance (SLB) values than fermented cow milk. The results of multiple light scattering spectroscopy showed that fermented cow milk was more stable than fermented camel milk during fermentation, while the opposite was true during storage, indicating that the internal structure of fermented camel milk, with higher stability, was more compact. During storage, the titratable acidity of fermented camel milk was lower than that of fermented cow milk, and the numbers of viable bacteria in both of them were more than 1 × 107 CFU/mL, a significant difference being observed between them (P < 0.05), and the water-holding capacity of fermented camel milk was higher than that of fermented cow milk. Texture analysis showed that the hardness, consistency and viscosity index of fermented cow milk were all significantly higher than those of fermented camel milk (P < 0.05). In summary, it is not easy for camel milk to form a gel structure after fermentation, but because of the tight internal structure, fermented camel milk is stable, which is more favorable for product storage. In contrast, it is easier for cow milk to form a thick and dense texture after fermentation. This study provides a theoretical basis for the practical application and promotion of fermented camel milk, and provides ideas for the diversified development of fermented non-bovine milks.

Traumatic fractures and stress fractures are common orthopedic diseases, and there is great potential in researching bone turnover, repair, and promotion of fracture healing. Basic medical experiments often use animal models of long bone fractures in limbs to study the mechanisms of various interventions on fracture healing. Fracture healing is a complex process influenced by multiple factors and involves multiple molecules and pathways. Therefore, to explore the mechanisms more deeply, accelerate the translation of results, and improve the clinical efficacy, it is particularly important to choose the appropriate animal fracture modeling methods in experimental research. Based on this, this paper conducts a literature review of animal species and modeling methods commonly used for long bone fracture models in experimental research. It summarizes five methods: bone defect method, physical impact method, mechanical bending method, open osteotomy method, and drilling method. A side-by-side comparison of their advantages, disadvantages, and scope of application is made, aiming to provide suitable fracture models for studying the mechanisms of fracture healing interventions.

Focusing on the Intangible Cultural Heritage project of Shenhou Jun Porcelain in Yuzhou, this study employs methods such as literature review, archaeological findings, and field research to analyze the historical culture, appearance, connotations, and craftsmanship of Shenhou Jun Porcelain. The study summarizes the distinctive features, methods, and patterns of Shenhou Jun Porcelain, and condenses its unique cultural characteristics. It further proposes packaging design strategies that integrate intangible cultural heritage with local food products in Henan, employing techniques such as logo design, graphic design, form design, artistic design, and dynamic design.

The change of protein content will affect the characteristics of fermented milk, and then determine the quality of fermented milk. In this study, the effects of protein content of 2.4%, 2.8% and 3.2% on the micro-rheological properties of fermented milk during fermentation were analyzed by multi-frequency diffusion spectroscopy, and the texture characteristics and stability of fermented milk with different protein content during storage were analyzed, and sensory e-valuation was also made. The results of micro-rheological analysis showed that the milk gel formed by the increase of protein content had higher solid-liquid equilibrium value and lower elastic factor, and had no effect on flow factor, but the time to reach gel point was shorter, which shortened the fermentation time. It was speculated that the increase of protein content accelerated the aggregation of casein particles. At the end of fermentation, the viscosity factor of fermented milk with protein content of 2.8% was the highest. During storage, the viscosity, consistency and cohesion of fermented milk with protein content of 2.8% were significantly higher than those of the other two groups (P<0.05), and the texture state was the best. The water holding capacity of fermented milk with protein content of 2.4% was significantly lower than that of protein content of 2.8% and protein content of 3.2% (P<0.05). The pH value and titration acidity increased with the increase of protein content, and the pH value and titration acidity of fermented milk in three groups changed uniformly (P>0.05), but the pH value of 3.2% protein group was always higher than the other two groups, and the higher the protein content, the higher the titration acidity. Sensory evaluation showed that the scores of fermented milk with protein content of 2.8% and 3.2% were close to each other, which was better than that with protein content of 2.4%. This study provides data support and theoretical reference for the development of fermented milk with different protein content, and has certain guiding significance for the development of diversified fermented milk products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To the question that traditional image inpainting methods depended on the structure characteristics of the image and the image inpainting method based on sparse representation without considering observation noise, this paper introduced an image inpainting method based on Bayesian compressive sensing and morphological component analysis. This algorithm transformed the sparsity for structure and texture with Curvelet and local discrete cosine respectively through morphological component analysis firstly. Then it got the posterior distribution function of the two sparse coefficient through Bayesian compressive sensing. It obtained the mean and the variance of the distribution function. The two means could be used as the estimation of the sparse coefficient for structure and texture of the image, and the variance was the estimation of the noise. Lastly, it obtained the inpainting image after merging the two parts. The emulation results prove that this method can improve the quality of image. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper summarized the practice of Traditional Chinese Medicine retention enema and nursing interventions on constipation symptoms in a patient with severe pneumonia. The nurses had carried out a comprehensive assessment on patient’s condition. Based on conventional interventions such as anti-infective therapy, enteral nutritional support, psychological care, Traditional Chinese Medicine retention enema by syndrome differentiation was conducted to improve the recovery of gastrointestinal function and relieve the constipation symptoms of the patient. (本文总结中药保留灌肠治疗1例重症肺炎患者便秘的护理经验。护理人员科学评估, 基于中医辨证, 在抗感染治疗、肠内营养支持、心理护理等常规治疗和护理的基础上, 开展中药保留灌肠干预, 在促进患者胃肠功能恢复的同时, 兼顾补中益气, 有效缓解患者便秘症状, 促进早期康复。)

Objective To investigate the effect of quality control circle (QCC)activities in improving the standardized implementation rate of peripheral venous thrombolysis for lower-limb deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Methods A QCC group was set up. Factors causing failed implementation rate of DVT were analyzed, and countermeasures were carried out for continuous quality improvement. Results The standardized implementation rate of peripheral venous thrombolysis for lower-limb DVT increased form 33. 33% before QCC activities to 91. 25% after QCC activities, with a significant difference (P＜0. 05). Conclusion The implementation of QCC activities for continuous quality improvement of standardized procedure of peripheral venous thrombolysis may help to improve the effect of thrombolytic therapy. (目的 探讨品管圈在提高下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)患者外周静脉溶栓执行规范率中的效果。方法 成立品管圈小组, 进行品管圈知识培训, 选定活动主题, 进行现状调查, 分析下肢DVT患者外周静脉溶栓执行不合格原因, 制定对策并实施质量持续改进。结果 下肢DVT患者外周静脉溶栓执行规范率由品管圈活动前的33. 33%提高至开展品管圈活动后的91. 25%, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。结论 开展品管圈活动, 对下肢DVT患者外周静脉溶栓执行规范率进行持续改进, 可以有效提高溶栓效果。)

With the enrichment of data sources,data can be obtained easily but with low quality,resulting that the MVs are ubi-quitous and hard to avoid.Consequently,MV imputation has become one of the classical problems in the field of data quality mana-gement.However,most existing MV imputation approaches are proposed for static data,which cannot handle dynamic data streams arriving at high-speed.Moreover,they do not consider data sparsity and heterogeneity simultaneously.Therefore,a novel MV imputation approach,real-time imputation based on individual models (RIIM) is proposed.In RIIM,the MVs are effectively filled by combining the basic ideas of neighbors-based imputation and regression-based imputation with consideration of sparsity and heterogeneity of data.For the dynamic and real time of data streams,the MV imputation model is updated incrementally.Moreover,an adaptive and periodic updating strategy for optimal neighbors search is proposed to solve the problem of high time cost and hard to determine the number of neighbors.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed RIIM is evaluated based on extensive experiments over real-world datasets.

To improve carbon (C) sequestration and soil fertility of red soil, a two-year (2017 and 2018) field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of two organic amendments ( i.e. , corn straw and sheep manure) applied alone or combined with biochar on soil nutrient content, enzyme activities involved in C cycling, and microbial substrate utilization rate in infertile red soil. There were six treatments, including control (non-amendment), corn straw, sheep manure and across biochar treatments (without and with biochar amendment, respectively). The organic amendments and biochar were applied in 2017 and 2018. The results showed that, compared with the control, organic amendments significantly increased soil pH, organic C, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and potassium contents. Compared with straw and manure alone, the biochar co-application with straw or manure significantly increased the contents of soil organic C, available potassium, and available nitrogen, without any significant interactive effects. Application of organic amendments significantly increased the activities of soil β-glucosidase (BG), cellobiohydrolase (CB), β-xylosidase (XYL), and peroxidase (PERO). The combined application of biochar and straw significantly reduced the activity of phenol oxidase (PHOX) by 28.6% and PERO by 22.2% in comparison with straw addition alone, respectively, while the combined application of biochar and manure significantly reduced the activities of α-glucosidase (AG) by 46.1%, BG by 50.9%, XYL by 41.6%, and PERO by 31.3% compared with manure addition alone, respectively. Compared with the control, the application of organic amendments significantly enhanced soil basal respiration and microbial utilization rates of carbohydrates, whereas biochar co-application significantly decreased microbial utilization rates of carbohydrates and carboxylic acids. Microbial C source utilization rates were significantly and positively correlated with the activities of BG and PERO. Thus, biochar co-application with organic amendments can enhance nutrient content and reduce enzymatic and microbial metabolic activities, thereby may facilitate C sequestration and fertility of infertile red soil.

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of Mongolian medicine Halenia corniculata., Methods: Positive phase and reversed phase silica gel, as well as Sephadex LH-20 methods were used to separate and purify. The structure of the isolated constituents was identified according to the NMR spectroscopy data and the literature data., Results: Nine compounds were isolated from 95% ethanol extracts of petroleum ether part of Halenia corniculata and identified as: 1-hydroxy-2,3,4,6-tetramethoxyxanthone (1), 1-hydroxy-2,3, 5-trimethoxyxanthone (2) 1-hydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyxanthone (3), 1-hydroxy-3,5,6,7,8-pentamethoxyxanthone (4), 1-hydroxy-2,3,4, 7-tetramethoxyxanthone (5), 1-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyxanthone (6),1-hydroxy-2,3,4,5,7-pentamethoxyxanthone (7), palmitic acid (8) and β-sitosterol (9)., Conclusion: Compounds 3, 4 and 8 are isolated from this genus for the first time, Compound 1 is isolated from this plant for the first time.

Growing attention has been focused on probiotic lactic acid bacteria because of their important health-promoting effects. Nowadays, probiotic-based products have become fashionable nutraceuticals of choice. Before a newly developed probiotic-based product is to be introduced into the industry, it is important to ensure not only the desirable properties of the probiotic strain but also a good genetic stability. This article firstly introduces the research methods for investigating genetic stability, followed by summarizing the latest research progress in China and overseas.

Objective: To study the effect of matrine on Fas, VEGF, and activities of telomerase of MCF-7 cells., Methods: In vitro cultured human breast cancer MCF-7 cells were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. The matrine solution was added in cells of the experimental group. Equal volume of culture medium was added in cells of the control group or the negative control group. Zedoary Turmeric Oil, the telomerase inhibitor was added in cells of the positive control group. Morphological changes were observed under an inverted microscope. The telomerase activity was detected by TRAP-ELISA. Expressions of Fas and VEGF protein were detected by immunocytochemical assay., Results: Matrine obviously inhibited the growth and induced apoptosis of breast cancer cells. MCF-7 cells were treated by matrine of different concentrations at 24, 48, and 72 h, the telomerase activity gradually decreased along with increased matrine concentration and prolonged action time, showing dose-effect and time-effect positive relations. Matrine could up-regulate Fas protein expression and downregulate VEGF protein expression of MCF-7 cells., Conclusion: Matrine showed obvious effect in inhibiting the growth of MCF-7 cells and promoting the apoptosis, which might be achieved by up-regulating the expression of Fas protein, inhibiting telomerase activity induced apoptosis of breast cancer cells, down-regulating the expression of VEGF protein, and inhibiting the tumor vascular formation.

Objective: To observe the effects of deguelin on the apoptosis and proliferation of human esophageal cancer cell Ec-109, and to explore its possible mechanisms., Methods: Human esophageal cancer cells Ec-109 were in vitro cultured. They were divided into the blank control group, and 5, 10, 20, and 40 nmol/L deguelin groups. The inhibition on the proliferation was detected at 24, 48, and 72 h using CCK-8 assay. The early apoptosis rate at 24 h was detected by flow cytometry. The expressions of apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2 and Bax were detected at 24 and 48 h respectively., Results: Compared with the blank control group at the same point, the growth inhibition rate in all deguelin groups increased at 24, 48, and 72 h, showing statistical difference (P <0.05). The early apoptosis rate was 4.37% +/- 0.35%, 6.71% +/-0.14%, 15.62% +/- 0.21%, and 19.78% +/- 0.15% in 5, 10, 20, and 40 nmol/L deguelin groups, respectively, showing statistical difference when compared with that of the blank control group (1.10% +/- 0.08%, P < 0.05). Compared with the blank control group, Bcl-2 protein expression obviously decreased, and Bax protein expression obviously increased in 10, 20, and 40 nmol/L deguelin groups, showing statistical difference (P <0.05). The aforesaid indices were in time- and dose-dependent manners., Conclusion: Deguelin showed obvious effects on inhibiting the proliferation of Ec-109 cells and promoting their apoptosis, which was correlated with up-regulating Bax protein expression and down-regulating Bcl-2 protein expression.

Objective: To detect the expression of miR-16 in the hippocampus of a rat depression model induced by maternal deprivation, and to explore whether miR-16 is involved in the pathological process of maternal deprivation-induced depression., Methods: Newborn SD rats were randomly divided into a maternal deprivation group (n=17) and a control group (n=17). Rats in the maternal deprivation group experienced maternal deprivation for 6 h per day from 1st to 14th postnatal day, while rats in the control group rats received no treatment. When the rats were 13 weeks old, depression-like behaviors were assessed by forced swimming test and sucrose consumption test, and the expression of hippocampal miR-16 in rats was detected by real-time RT-PCR., Results: Maternal-deprived rats exhibited significantly longer passive floating time and lower sucrose preference rate than rats in the control group (P<0.05). Maternal-deprivation rats expressed higher level of miR-16 in the hippocampus than rats in the control group, and the expression level of miR-16 was significantly associated with the passive floating time (r=0.65, P<0.05) and the sucrose preference rate (r=-0.59, P<0.05)., Conclusion: Maternal deprivation can induce depressive behaviors in rats and increase the expression of miR-16 in the hippocampus in rats. MiR-16 may be involved in the pathological mechanism of the maternal deprivation-induced depression.

Objective: To study the protective mechanism of erythromycin in the process of COPD., Methods: Thirty-six male Wistar rats, grade SPF, weight (220 ± 20) g, were randomly divided into 3 groups, 12 each: a control group, a COPD model group and an erythromycin treated group. Measurement of rat pulmonary function and the pathological changes were performed, and the expression of transforming growth factor-β(1) (TGF-β(1)) and secretory leukocyte proteinase inhibitor (SLPI) in the lung of rats were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Analysis of variance, pairwise comparison between groups using SNK-q test, Pearson linear correlation analysis were carried out for statistical analysis., Results: The rats in the COPD model group showed sign of less activity, loss of appetite and weight, dry and yellow hair, and sometimes wheezing, which were less or milder in the group treated with erythromycin. FEV(0.3)/FVC [(58 ± 7)%] and Cdyn [(0.16 ± 0.07) L/cm H2O, 1 cm H2O = 0.098 kPa] were significantly lower in the model group as compared to the control group [(83 ± 7)% and (0.33 ± 0.16) L/cm H2O], RI [(0.69 ± 0.14) cm H2O×L(-1)×s(-1)], but was significantly higher than the control group [(0.33 ± 0.11) cm H2O×L(-1)×s(-1)]. FEV(0.3)/FVC [(65 ± 9)%] and Cdyn [(0.23 ± 0.08) L/cm H2O] were significantly higher in the erythromycin treated group as compared to the model group [(58 ± 7)% and (0.16 ± 0.07) L/cm H2O], RI [(0.50 ± 0.13) cm H2O×L(-1)×s(-1)], but was significantly lower than the model group [(0.69 ± 0.14) cm H2O×L(-1)×s(-1)]. The expression of TGF-β(1)protein (integral optical density value) and mRNA (absorbance value) (6.7 ± 1.5 and 0.45 ± 0.13) were lower in the erythromycin treated group as compared to the model group (10.7 ± 1.9 and 0.66 ± 0.18), but the expression of SLPI protein (integral optical density value) and mRNA (absorbance value) (9.9 ± 1.7 and 0.69 ± 0.34) were higher than those of the model group (8.1 ± 1.7 and 0.41 ± 0.27). The expressions of TGF-β(1)and SLPI were negatively associated (r = -0.686, P < 0.05)., Conclusions: The expression of SLPI was decreased but the expression of TGF-β(1)was increased significantly in the bronchial and lung tissues of rats with COPD. Airway inflammation was inhibited by erythromycin which was able to reduce the inhibitory effect of TGF-β(1)to SLPI, indicating a partial protective effect of erythromycin.

Objective: To study the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and the apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells in a COPD rat model., Methods: Twenty-four Wistar rats were divided into a control group and a COPD group at random. The COPD rat model was established by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) twice and exposure to cigarette smoke daily. The spirometry was conducted and the pathological changes were observed after the model was established. The levels of glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) mRNA were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The protein expression of GRP78, CHOP and caspase-12 was detected by Western blot. TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) was used to analyze alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis. Comparisons between the two groups were performed by t-test., Results: Significant decrease of FEV(0.3)/FVC [(60 ± 6)%] and dynamic compliance of lung (CLdyn) [(0.17 ± 0.02) cm H2O×ml(-1)×s(-1)], and increase of airway resistance [(0.64 ± 0.07) ml/cm H2O] were found in the COPD group compared with the control group [(83 ± 7)%, (0.31 ± 0.03) cm H2O×ml(-1)×s(-1), (0.32 ± 0.03) ml/cm H2O] (t = -14.532 - 11.619, P < 0.05). GRP78 mRNA and CHOP mRNA densitometry [(0.65 ± 0.07), (0.79 ± 0.06)] were significantly increased in the COPD group compared with the control group [(0.21 ± 0.04), (0.07 ± 0.04), respectively] (t = -19.102 and -32.573, P < 0.05). GRP78, CHOP, and active caspase-12 protein densitometry (0.83 ± 0.06, 0.82 ± 0.06 and 0.81 ± 0.07) were significantly increased in the COPD group compared with the control group [(0.33 ± 0.05, 0.05 ± 0.03 and 0.24 ± 0.06), respectively] (t = -40.866 - -22.070, P < 0.05). More apoptotic alveolar epithelial cells were found in the COPD group [(32.4 ± 3.7)%] than in the control group [(6.2 ± 0.9)%] (t = -23.852, P < 0.05)., Conclusions: ERS was triggered in the lung tissues of COPD rats, especially in the alveolar epithelial cells. Alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis was increased in the COPD group. The ERS mediated apoptosis pathway may participate in the alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis in COPD.

Objective: To analyze the biodiversity and distribution of the yeast species of Qula in Tibet and milk cake in Yunnan, and to provide essential data for the utilization of yeasts in the traditional dairy products of China., Methods: Forty-one yeast strains were isolated from 5 samples of Qula in Tibet and 8 samples of milk cake in Yunnan. The isolates were identified by the large-subunit (26S) rDNA gene D1/D2 domain sequences analysis., Results: The population of yeast in Qula varied from 10(6) cfu/g to 10(7) cfu/g. The content of yeast ranged from 102 cfu/g to 10(6) cfu/g in milk cake. The average population of yeast in Qula was higher than milk cake for 34 folds. These strains were grouped in 12 species belonging to 10 genera. The dominant species in Qula were Pichia fermentans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but Candida zeylanoides and Pichia cactophila were major population in milk cake. The results showed that Pichia was the dominant genera both in Qula and milk cake., Conclusion: There existed that yeasts of great biodiversity both of Qula in Tibet and milk cake in Yunnan, but quite different from each other.

Objective: To determination the content of matrine in Fufang Shen'an particles by HPLC., Method: HPLC with Dikma Diamonsil C18 (4.6 mm x 150 mm, 5 microm) column was used. Acetonitrile-0.1% H3 PO4 (22:78) as the mobile phase, flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1) and the UV detection wavelength was 220 nm., Result: The linear range of matrine was 2.08-10.40 microg, the correlation coefficient (r) was 0.999 6. The average recovery rate was 100. 51%, RSD was 2.04% (n = 6)., Conclusion: The method is suitable for the formulate of the quality standard with sufficient accuracy, stability and reappearance. It can be used for quality control in Fufang Shen'an particles.

Aim: To explore the physiopathological mechanisms of airway injury and the effect on the airway responsiveness of rat by inhaled sulfur dioxide(SO2)., Methods: Sixteen SD male rats were divided randomly into 2 groups (n = 8): the control group and SO2 group. The control group was exposed o pure air. SO2 group was exposed to SO2 of the content 1.0 mg/(m(3) x h) 6h daily for consecutive 3 d. At 4th day, we determined the airway responsiveness, collected the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), plasma and lung tissue. Then we counted the total cellular score in BALF, measured the plasma SP content and made the immunohistochemistry staining on the lung tissue (HE and SP methods)., Results: Compared with the control group, the total cellular score in BALF and plasma SP content in SO2 group's increased significantly ( P < 0.01). HE staining showed there were a great deal of inflammatory cells infiltration under the tunica mucosa bronchiorum; and SP immunohistochemistry staining indicated there were significant changes in numbers of SP-IR positive fibers of SO2group., Conclusion: Exposure to low concentration of SO2 would injure healthy rat's airway, and induce airway hyperresponsiveness, neurogenic inflammation is one of its critical pathophysiological mechanisms.

Objective: To compare the color differences of different metal bases and different opaque thickness, and evaluate the best thickness of opaque on different metal bases., Methods: Precious metal, gold sediment and Ni-Cr plates were prepared as bases, then opaque samples of 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 mm thickness were fabricated on such plates. Minolta chromatics meter CR-321 was used to examine the color properties of these samples, and deltaE was calculated to evaluate the color difference of the specimens., Results: For the restoration based on Ni-Cr and precious alloys, the color of restorations was not affected by the color of metal bases as the thickness of opaque reached 0.3 mm, and the chromatic value deltaE < 1.5 NBS. For the restoration based on gold sediment, the color of restoration was not affected by the color of metal as the thickness of opaque reached 0.1 mm, and the chromatic value deltaE < 1.5 NBS., Conclusion: Different opaque thickness was necessary to obtain ideal color appearance in clinic. As the opaque thickness increased, the color of restoration based on Ni-Cr and noble metal increased but the color of restoration based on gold sediment decreased.

Objective: To study the protective effect of Ligustrazine on IR after local cerebral ischemia of rat., Method: Models of rat IR after local cerebral ischemia were prepared by electrocagulation of the middle cerebral artery, and changes of serum insulin, tomer necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1), nitric oxide (NO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) were observed 2 weeks after the ischemia., Result: Ligustrazine could significantly reduce serum insulin (P < 0.01), the content of plasma ET-1 (P < 0.01) and serum TNF-alpha (P < 0.01), the activity of brain tissue NO and NOS (P < 0.01). The drug also increased insulin sensitivity indexes (ISI)., Conclusion: The protective effects of Ligustrazion on IR cerebral ischemia may be related to decreasing ET-1 content in plasma, TNF-alpha content in serum, NO content and NOS activities in tissue.