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Improving the reproducibility of biomedical research results is a major challenge. Transparent and accurate reporting of the research process enables readers to evaluate the reliability of the research results and further explore the experiment by repeating it or building upon its findings. The ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines, released in 2019 by the UK National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs), provide a checklist that is applicable to any in vivo animal research report. These guidelines aim to improve the standardization of experimental design, implementation, and reporting, as well as enhance the reliability, repeatability, and clinical translation of animal experimental results. The use of the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines not only enriches the details of animal experimental research reports, ensuring that information on animal experimental results is fully evaluated and utilized, but also enables readers to understand the content expressed by the author accurately and clearly, promoting the transparency and completeness of the fundamental research review process. At present, the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines have been widely adopted by international biomedical journals. This article is based on the best practices following the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines in international journals, and it interprets, explains, and elaborates in Chinese the fifth part of the comprehensive version of the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines published in PLoS Biology in 2020 (the original text can be found at https://arriveguidelines.org). This section includes the items 6-11 of Recommended 11 section, covering "Animal Care and Monitoring", "Interpretation/Scientific Implications", "Generalisability/Translation", "Protocol Registration", "Data Access" and "Declaration of Interests". Its aim is to promote a comprehensive understanding and use of the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines among domestic researchers, to enhance the standardization of experimental animal research and reporting, and to promote high-quality development of experimental animal sciences and comparative medicine research in China.

Improving the reproducibility of biomedical research results is a major challenge.Transparent and accurate reporting of the research process enables readers to evaluate the reliability of the research results and further explore the experiment by repeating it or building upon its findings. The ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines, released in 2019 by the UK National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs), provide a checklist applicable to any in vivo animal research report. These guidelines aim to improve the standardization of experimental design, implementation, and reporting, as well as the reliability, repeatability, and clinical translatability of animal experimental results. The use of ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines not only enriches the details of animal experimental research reports, ensuring that information on animal experimental results is fully evaluated and utilized, but also enables readers to understand the content expressed by the author accurately and clearly, promoting the transparency and integrity of the fundamental research review process. At present, the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines have been widely adopted by international biomedical journals. This article is a Chinese translation based on the best practices of international journals following the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines in international journals, specifically for the complete interpretation of the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines published in the PLoS Biology journal in 2020 (original text can be found at https://arriveguidelines.org). The fourth part of the article includes the items 1-5 of ARRIVE 2.0 Recommended 11 section, which covers "Abstract" "Background" "Objectives" "Ethical statement" and "Housing and husbandry". Its aim is to promote the full understanding and use of the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines by domestic researchers, enhance the standardization of experimental animal research and reporting, and promote the high-quality development of experimental animal technology and comparative medicine research in China.

Objective: To improve the storage safety of Xinjiang fresh walnut. Methods: Xinjiang "Xin 2" thin-skinned walnut was used as material, sterile water was inoculated as a control group, and Aspergillus flavus was inoculated as an experimental group. The Aspergillus flavus isolated and purified from naturally moldy walnut was artificially inoculated into Xinjiang thin-skinned fresh walnut with different water content （10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%） to investigate the growth and toxicity of Aspergillus flavus. Results: The water content of walnut which was suitable for the growth of Aspergillus flavus and the secretion of Aflatoxin M1 was 15%. With the increase of walnut water content, the growth of Aspergillus flavus increased first and then decreased, but the growth of each water content was different, and the growth of Aspergillus flavus was proportional to the content of Aflatoxin M1. Conclusion: The water content of raw materials is closely related to the growth of Aspergillus flavus and the content of Aflatoxin M1 produced.

To review the clinical data of a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome and summarize the experience of treatment and nursing under the integrated mode of medical care. In the integrated medical and nursing ward rounds, doctors carried out symptomatic diagnosis and treatment, and used bedside physical examination combined with Traditional Chinese medicine. Nurses gave care based on syndrome differentiation, intradermal acupuncture treatment and moxibustion treatment intervention, and improved psychological evaluation and health education. In addition, patients were encouraged to actively cooperate with treatment and care. The implementation of integrated ward rounds can effectively improve the adverse reactions of chemotherapy in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome, improve treatment compliance, promote rehabilitation, and enhance the quality of nursing services. The integrated medical and nursing ward rounds is beneficial for the enhancement of medical care cooperation, sense of participation among nursing workers, and is conducive to the improvement of nursing quality. (本文回顾1例骨髓增生异常综合征患者的临床资料, 总结医护一体化模式下的治疗和护理经验。医护一体化模式下, 医生开展对症诊疗, 采用床旁查体联合中药方剂治疗; 护士实施辨证施护, 给予皮内针治疗及艾条灸治疗干预, 并完善心理评估和健康教育。此外, 鼓励患者积极配合治疗和护理。实施医护一体化查房, 能有效缓解骨髓增生异常综合征患者化疗的不良反应, 提高治疗依从性, 促进康复, 提升护理服务质量。医护一体化查房加强了医护合作, 可提升护理工作者的参与感, 进而有利于护理质量的提升。)

Improving the reproducibility of biomedical research results is a major challenge.Researchers reporting their research process transparently and accurately can help readers evaluate the reliability of the research results and further explore the experiment by repeating it or building upon its findings. The ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines, released in 2019 by the UK National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs), provide a checklist applicable to any in vivo animal research report. These guidelines aim to improve the standardization of experimental design, implementation, and reporting, as well as the reliability, repeatability, and clinical translatability of animal experimental results. The use of ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines not only enriches the details of animal experimental research reports, ensuring that information on animal experimental results is fully evaluated and utilized, but also enables readers to understand the content expressed by the author accurately and clearly, promoting the transparency and integrity of the fundamental research review process. At present, the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines have been widely adopted by international biomedical journals. This article is a Chinese translation based on the best practices of international journals following the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines in international journals, specifically for the complete interpretation of the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines published in the PLoS Biology journal in 2020 (original text can be found at https://arriveguidelines.org). The third part of the article includes the items 8-10 of ARRIVE 2.0 Essential 10, which covers "experimental animals" "experimental procedures" and "results". Its aim is to promote the full understanding and use of the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines by domestic researchers, enhance the standardization of experimental animal research and reporting, and promote the high-quality development of experimental animal technology and comparative medicine research in China.

Improving the reproducibility of biomedical research results remains a major challenge. Transparent and accurate reporting of progress can help readers evaluate the reliability of research results and further explore an experiment by repeating or building upon its findings. The ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines, released in 2019 by the UK National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement, and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs), provide a checklist applicable to any in vivo animal research report. These guidelines aim to improve the standardization of experimental design, implementation, and reporting, as well as the reliability, repeatability, and clinical translatability of animal experimental results. The use of the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines not only enriches the details of animal experimental research reports, ensuring that information on animal experimental results is fully evaluated and utilized, but also enables readers to understand the content expressed by the author accurately and clearly, promoting the transparency and integrity of the fundamental research review process. At present, the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines have been widely adopted by international biomedical journals. This article is the second part of the Chinese translation of the complete interpretation of the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines published in PLoS Biology in 2020 (original text can be found at https://arriveguidelines.org) and based on the best practices for following the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines in international journals. This part includes Items 4-7 of "ARRIVE Essential 10" in the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines: "Randomization", "Blinding", "Outcome Measurement", and "Statistical Methods". Our Chinese translated version aims to promote the full understanding and use of the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines by domestic researchers, enhancing the standardization of experimental animal research and reporting, and promoting the high-quality development of experimental animal technology and comparative medicine research in China.

Improving the reproducibility of biomedical research results is a major challenge. Researchers reporting their research process transparently and accurately can help readers evaluate the reliability of the research results and further explore the experiment by repeating it or building upon its findings. The ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines, released in 2019 by the UK National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs), provide a checklist applicable to any in vivo animal research report. These guidelines aim to improve the standardization of experimental design, implementation, and reporting, as well as the reliability, repeatability, and clinical translatability of animal experimental results. The use of ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines not only enriches the details of animal experimental research reports, ensuring that information on animal experimental results is fully evaluated and utilized, but also enables readers to understand the content expressed by the author accurately and clearly, promoting the transparency and integrity of the fundamental research review process. At present, the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines have been widely adopted by international biomedical journals. this article is a Chinese translation based on the best practices of international journals following the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines in international journals, specifically for the complete interpretation of the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines published in the PLoS Biology journal in 2020 (original text can be found at https://arriveguidelines.org). The first part of the article includes the preface and the "Key 10" section, which covers "study design" "sample size" and "inclusion and exclusion criteria". Its aim is to promote the full understanding and use of the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines by domestic researchers, enhance the standardization of experimental animal research and reporting, and promote the high-quality development of experimental animal technology and comparative medicine research in China.

Environmental pollution is one of the most significant public concerns in modern society, which is harmful to ecology and human health directly or indirectly. Among different types of environmental pollutants, environmental endocrine disruptors, drugs and personal care products are more serious in water and soil. In order to deal with the residues of environmental pollutants and avoid their long-term potential harm to human health, there is an urgent need to develop a rapid and accurate method for analyzing and monitoring environmental pollutants. As one of ambient ionization mass spectrometry, direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) has the advantage of ease of use, rapid analysis and minimum sample preparation. It can realize fast sampling under ambient conditions and serve a promising technique for environmental pollutant screening. In this review, the principle of DART-MS and its characteristics were introduced firstly, and then the application of DART-MS in the detection of pesticide residues, veterinary drugs and abused drugs, and environmental pollutants were briefly summarized. Finally, methodology and application of DART-MS in the screening of environmental pollutants were prospected.

The two-dimensional finite element microscopic model of NiCoCrAlY/YSZ gradient thermal barrier coating was established by using the representative volume element method to calculate the thermophysical properties of the gradient layer under different composition ratios. The parameter results were extended to the three-dimensional multi-layer solid model to study the thermodynamic properties of the double-layer coating and gradient structured coating under thermal cycling condition. The results show that the elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, coefficient of thermal expansion and thermal conductivity of the gradient layer are approximately linear with the component proportion of each phase, and the thermal conductivity is also affected by the distribution pattern of each phase. The thermal conductivity is low and the highest value is 2.91 W·m−1·K−1 when the proportion of NiCoCrAlY phase in the gradient layer is below 0.7 at room temperature. Compared with the double-layer coating, the proportion of YSZ in gradient coatings is reduced by 20%, the insulation temperature is reduced by 14%, the radial tensile stress, axial tensile stress, and shear stress of the ceramic surface layer at high temperature are reduced respectively by 47%, 32% and 37%, and the residual stress after cooling is reduced by 50%. The results are attributed that the gradient of the coating structure can effectively reduce the thermal mismatch stress caused by the difference in the thermal expansion coefficient between coating and substrate. According to the results of coating stress distribution, the coating is inclined to form vertical cracks in the centre region and horizontal cracks near the outer edge of the TC/BC interface.

Aiming at the low accuracy and efficiency of stochastic model updating, a stochastic finite element model updating method based on the Kriging model and wavelet packet energy spectrum was proposed. Firstly, assume that the parameters and response characteristics of the model to be updated obey normal distributions, the uncertainty model updating was transformed into the updating of mean and standard deviation. Secondly, the parameters to be updated were taken as inputs of Kriging model, the node energies extracted by the acceleration frequency response function after wavelet packet decomposition were taken as the outputs, the political optimizer algorithm was introduced to optimize the correlation coefficient to construct Kriging model. Then, minimize the absolute value of the difference between the test response and the predicted response as the objective function for updating mean, and minimize the cross entropy as the objective function for updating standard deviation, and updated the parameters mean and standard deviation through the political optimizer algorithm. Finally, taking a space truss structure as the example, the elastic modulus and density were selected as the parameters to be updated to verify the feasibility of the proposed method. The results show that the proposed method can effectively update the mean and standard deviation of structural parameters, and errors of the updated mean and standard deviation are less than 0.1% and 3.5%, respectively.

This paper summarizes the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) ointment treatment and nursing management of a patient with bone pain induced by multiple myeloma. Nurses had evaluated the degree of bone pain and negative emotion of the patient before taking interventions. Based on the TCM basic theory, the TCM ointment treatment and emotional care were carried to relieve the pain, anxiety and depression, and improve the treatment compliance. (本文总结1例多发性骨髓瘤导致骨痛患者采用中药膏摩治疗的护理体会。护理人员评估患者疼痛负性情绪严重程度, 基于中医基础理论, 开展中药膏摩和情志干预, 有效减轻患者疼痛程度, 缓解焦虑、抑郁情绪, 提高了治疗依从性。)

With the development of information and control technology, fully automatic operation system (FAO) has been widely adopted in the construction of new subway lines. Since the main line operating vehicles under FAO mode do not have driver posts, the dispatchers at the control center need to monitor the running status of all trains on the line in real time to ensure the correct operation of the trains. According to the characteristics of FAO mode , this paper designs a train dispatching system based on big data architecture. The system collects status data of train subsystems and processes and analyzes them based on big data framework,which realizes real-time status monitoring of vehicles on the whole line; and provides human-computer interaction interface for remote control, which meets the requirements of metro operation dispatcher for vehicle running status monitoring. The system has been verified by the third party security assessment, and its stability and availability meet the FAO line operation requirements.

Objective: Using Xinjiang melon as raw material, explore melon slices in weak microwave-assisted hot air drying in the process of drying characteristics. Methods: Using R2, χ2 and RMSE as evaluation indexes, compare melon slices of wet basis moisture content under different conditions, the drying rate, moisture content than the distinction, and melon dry dynamics model was set up, and the drying characteristic curve of melon slices was gotten at different slice thickness, the cycle time of microwave, the hot air cycle time. Results: The thinner the slice, the longer the circulation drying time of microwave and dry hot air, the faster the moisture content of the dry base decreased. The faster the drying rate, and the more the moisture ratio changes. The drying process of melon slice can be divided into two stages, accelerated drying and reduced drying, and accelerated drying was the main drying stage. Different slice thickness, microwave circulation time and dry-hot air circulation time, the Thompson equation can better reflect the drying characteristics and laws of melon slices. The R2 ranged from 0.992 9~0.999 9, χ2 ranged from 9.55×10-6~1.51×10-3, RMSE ranged from 0.002 68~0.027 47. The predicted values of Thompson equation were similar to the true ones, R2 was 0.995 0, χ2 was 3.93×10-4, and RMSE was 0.016 58. Conclusion: The model can be used to predict the moisture variation during the dry-hot air drying of melon slices.

China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment (CNAS) laboratory animal institutions accreditation is an important system for the management of laboratory animals in China. It is a third-party evaluation on Chinese characteristics dedicated to ensuring the quality and welfare of laboratory animals in China. The American Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care (AAALAC) certification provides global services about animal welfare evaluation and ethical certification, which are important for management and use of laboratory animals. This study compared and analyzed the nature of CNAS and AAALAC, the nature of CNAS accreditation and AAALAC certification, the evaluation principles, required documents, the evaluation process, the management of reviewers, and the acceptance of results, and discussed the differences and characteristics of the two evaluation systems for laboratory animal institutions.

Objective To investigate the effects of lncRNA FENDRR on the proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of LUSC H226 cells and its molecular mechanism. Methods The expression levels of FENDRR in normal lung epithelial cells BEAS, lung adenocarcinoma A549 and H1299 cells and LUSC H226 cells were detected by qRT-PCR. H226 cells were transfected with FENDRR-siRNA as the experimental group, or with FENDRR-siNC as a negative control group. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay. Cell migration and invasion were detected by Transwell assay. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The protein expression levels of MEK, p-MEK, ERK and p-ERK were determined by Western blot. Results FENDRR levels in H226 cells were significantly lower than those in normal lung epithelial cells. Compared with the negative control group, the knockdown of FENDRR could significantly promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of H226 cells, inhibit the cell apoptosis, and increase the protein levels of p-MEK and p-ERK. The addition of ERK inhibitor U0126 rescued the effect of FENDRR knockdown on H226 cells. Conclusions The knockdown of lncRNA FENDRR can promote the proliferation, migration and inhibit the apoptosis of H226 cells through ERK/MAPK pathway.

With the continuous development of information technology, people's lifestyle and the quality of life have further improved, people's demand for medical and health is also increasing, "smart healthcare" happens to meet people's growing demand of medical and health services. This article briefly overviews of the development of smart healthcare, surrounded by the definition of smart healthcare, the development of smart healthcare, the role of smart healthcare, the safety of smart healthcare, and the prospect of smart healthcare.

In order to increase the utilization value of Lavandula angustifolia (LA) residue and provide a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of LA waste, the extraction process of total triterpenoids from LA was optimized and its antioxidant activity was determined in vitro. Taking the yield of total triterpenes in LA as the evaluation index, the single factor experiments and the response surface methodology were used to optimize the extraction process of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of total triterpenes from LA. The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions were ethanol concentration 89%, ratio of material to liquid 1:33 (g/mL), extraction time 60 min, and ultrasonic power 70% (445 W). The theoretical extraction volume was 39.64 mg/g, and the actual one was (39.95±0.32) mg/g under this optimum condition, which was close to the predicted value. Afterwards, using VC as a control, DPPH free radical, OH free radical, and O2− free radical scavenging experiments were subjected to measure the anti-oxidant activity of total triterpenes, and their scavenging rates were 86.83%, 42.06% and 47.93%, respectively. After the optimization of the ultrasonic-assisted extraction process conditions, the total triterpenes extracted from LA is significantly increased, and the extract has strong antioxidant activity, which provides a theoretical basis for the reuse of LA waste to further tap the potential value.

In order to solve the problem of limited bandwidth and large overall size of leaky-wave antenna, a new wide-band leaky-wave antenna is proposed in this paper. The antenna is composed of surface plasmon polaritons transmission lines and asymmetric circular patches. It works at 7~15 GHz (relative bandwidth of 72.73%), enabling continuous beam scanning from backward to forward with a beam scanning angle of 69°and a stable high radiation gain. The maximum gain of the antenna in simulation reaches 13.1 dBi and the measured gain variation is only 1.64 dB. The test results are good agree with the simulation results. The proposed leaky-wave antenna has the advantages of simple structure, stable performance and easy fabrication. Furthermore, the overall size of the antenna is comparatively small, which makes it conducive to the conformable integration in wireless communication systems.

The peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) is commonly used in the clinical setting, and PICC-related phlebitis is of great concern among doctors and nurses. This paper summarized the effect observation of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate solution wet compress in the treatment of PICC-related phlebitis and related nursing measures. The 2% chlorhexidine gluconate solution with characteristics of good antibacterial effect and less skin irritation is effective to relieve the syndrome of PICC-related phlebitis. (经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(PICC)在临床应用广泛, PICC相关性静脉炎的防治是医护人员关注的重点问题。本文总结1例2%葡萄糖酸氯己定醇湿敷治疗PICC所致静脉炎的护理经验, 2%葡萄糖酸氯己定醇抗菌效果好、对皮肤刺激小等优点, 能有效改善静脉炎症状。)

Objective To summarize the clinical features and outcomes of patients with rhinocerebral mucormycosis involving cranial nerve. Methods and Results Eight pathologic confirmed cases of rhinocerebral mucormycosis with cranial nerves involvement since February 2012 to January 2020 were collected and evaluated. All patients were diagnosed at Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University. The main clinical manifestations were headache, eye and face swelling. In addition to the paranasal sinuses, the ocular motor nerve, extraocular muscle, meninges, brain parenchyma, optic nerve, cerebrovascular and vestibulocochlear nerve were also involved. There were 5 patients with the primary disease of type 2 diabetes mellitus, one patient with acute leukemia receiving chemotherapy, one patient with severe aplastic anemia receiving immunosuppressive therapy, and one patient with craniocerebral trauma. Six patients were confirmed by pathological biopsy of paranasal sinus mucosa, the other 2 patients underwent brain parenchymal biopsy and temporal muscle biopsy respectively. In addition to one patient with meningeal involvement who gave up treatment and finally died, the other 7 patients received amphotericin B (one case was combined with posaconazole) or amphotericin B liposome antifungal therapy. Among them 4 patients underwent simultaneous transnasal endoscopic radical lesion removal treatment and 3 patients with brain parenchymal involvement died despite of active treatment. Conclusions The mortality of rhinocerebral mucormycosis with brain parenchyma involvement is extremely high. For patients with sinusitis with immunocompromised state, if there is acute progression of cranial nerve involvement, swelling around the eyes and headache, attention should be paid to the identification of the disease, and antifungal drugs and combined surgery treatment should be given early. Pathological biopsy of the affected mucosal tissue is the first choice for quick diagnosis.

This paper summarized the nursing experience of one case of insomnia treated by intradermal needle therapy. Based on the acupoint selection by syndrome differentiation, the intradermal needle therapy combined with auricular acupuncture was carried out to relief patient’s anxiety states and improve sleep quality. (本文总结 1 例皮内针改善失眠患者睡眠质量的护理经验, 包括中医辨证、皮内针操作方法以及注意事项等。通过采用皮内针体针与耳针相结合辨证取穴的方法治疗失眠, 能有有效缓解患者焦虑情绪, 改善睡眠质量。)

Considering the influence of structural parameter uncertainty on response and the problem of large calculation of stochastic model updating, a stochastic finite element model updating method based on polynomial chaotic expansion and KL divergence is proposed. Firstly, Kriging model is constructed instead of finite element model analysis, then polynomial chaotic expansion model is constructed based on probabilistic collocation method and regression analysis, and the functional relationship between uncertain structural parameters and response is established to quickly estimate the mean value and standard deviation of response. Finally, the mean value and standard deviation of structural parameters are modified to minimize KL divergence. Taking three-dimensional truss as an example, the mean value and standard deviation of elastic modulus and density are modified to verify the feasibility of the proposed method. The results show that the proposed method has high updating accuracy and efficiency.

This paper summarized the application experience of projective infrared angiography in venipuncture for a patients with myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS). Venipuncture guided by projective infrared angiography can not only improve the success rate of venipuncture, reduce the time of venous catheterization, but also improve the satisfaction of patients. (本文总结1例骨髓增生异常综合征患者静脉穿刺中运用投影式红外血管成像仪辅助穿刺的经验。投影式红外血管成像仪引导下进行静脉穿刺, 能够提高静脉穿刺成功率, 缩短静脉置管时间, 提高患者满意度。)

Active flow control for drag reduction in turbulent boundary layer is a hot research field nowadays. In order to explore the effect of the synthetic jet through a spanwise slot on the friction drag reduction of the turbulent boundary layer of a flat plate, the streamwise velocity are measured by a constant temperature hot-wire anemometer with and without synthetic jet. According to the measured experiment data, the mean velocity profiles, fluctuating velocity profiles, skewness and flatness are obtained respectively. Typical combinations of different frequencies and intensities of synthetic jet are selected to study the variation of the forcing effect in the streamwise direction. The experimental results show that the skin friction drag reduction in the turbulent boundary layer is related to the characteristics of the imposed synthetic jet and the distance between the local station and the slot. The synthetic jet leads to an increase of the skin friction drag in the station close to the slot, and as the flow moved downstream away from the slot, a reduction in the skin friction occurred with the tendency of firstly increasing and then decreasing. The reduction of skin friction caused by the synthetic jet of a higher frequency is more than that of a lower frequency. The power spectral density and autocorrelation of the fluctuating velocities indicate that the effect of the synthetic jet on the turbulent boundary layer decays in the streamwise direction.

Titanium/steel laminated composite plates were prepared by cold rolling method. The effects of rolling reduction, rolling speed, surface roughness, state of raw material and rolling pass on the interfacial bonding strength of titanium/steel laminated composite plates were studied. The results show that the interfacial action force and action time of rolling force on the interface are the main parameters affecting the interfacial bonding strength of titanium/steel laminated composite plates. The rolling reduction, surface roughness and state of raw material affect the interfacial bonding strength of titanium/steel laminated composite plate through affecting the interfacial action force. The rolling speed affects the interfacial bonding strength of titanium/steel laminated composite plate through affecting the action time of rolling force on the interface. Whether the titanium/steel laminated composite plate can be cold roll bonded or not has nothing to do with the number of rolling passes, only when the rolling reduction of single pass exceeds the critical rolling reduction can the cold roll bonded be realized.

It is very important to apply an effective method to predict the crystallization degree of laser 3D printed bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) for selecting and optimizing the processing parameters of laser 3D printing. In the present study, beginning with the kinetics of crystallization of amorphous alloys, the crystallization activation energy and Arrhenius factor were obtained by testing the characteristics of the temperature of the amorphous alloy under different heating rates, then a novel method of predicting the volume fraction of crystallization for the metallic glass produced by laser 3D printing was proposed combined with the finite element simulation technology. The validity of the method was verified by using Zr50Ti5Cu27Ni10Al8(Zr50) amorphous alloy as the model system. The result shows that the volume fraction of the crystalline phase of the single-track Zr50 BMG obtained by this method is 1.23%, which is very close to the experimentally obtained crystallization phase volume fraction of 1.65%. This strongly proves the effectiveness of the theoretical prediction method for the crystallization volume fraction of laser 3D printing BMGs.

The mechanism of coating interface bulge on the TGO growth behavior was studied by analyzing the rule of TGO growth and the interface stress at the top coat/bond coat interface. The results show that the growth rate of TGO in the convex region of the top coat/bond coat interface is higher than that in the other regions. According to the stress analysis of ANSYS, the interface stress increases (from 185 MPa to 406 MPa) with the increase of roughness (from 10 μm to 20 μm). Additionally, the interfacial stress also increases (from 142 MPa to 574 MPa) with the thickness of TGO layer increasing (from 1.6 μm to 9.3 μm). What’s more, during high temperature oxidation, the convex region of the top coat/bond coat interface is mainly characterized by tensile stress and the depressed region is compressive stress.The tensile stress can promote the rapid growth of TGO layer, while the compressive stress exhibits the inhibition on the growth rate of TGO. In summary, reducing the roughness of bond coat can reduce the interface stress and slow the growth rate of TGO, which ensures the effective bonding strength of the coating. Thus, the stability of the TBCs at high temperature can be improved.

Ni-graphite abradable seal coatings were deposited by conventional atmospheric plasma spraying system (APS) and high efficiency supersonic atmospheric plasma spraying system (SAPS) respectively. The influence of the size of lubrication phase on mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and erosion resistance of the Ni-graphite coatings was investigated. The results indicate that the graphite phase in the SAPS coating has a smaller size than the APS coating. The bonding strength (21.0 ± 1.4) MPa and surface hardness (92 ± 1) HR15Y of SAPS coating are 29.6 % and 23.5 % higher than those of APS coating respectively. The relative erosion rates of APS coating at 30° and 90° angle of attack are 7 % and 13% higher than those of SAPS coating respectively, indicating that SAPS coating has a better erosion resistance than APS coating. Both APS coating and SAPS coating exhibit an obvious electrochemical corrosion in acetic acid environment at 250 ℃．However, the corrosion resistance of SAPS coating is better than that of APS coating.

The corrosion behavior of X65 steel in the CO2/oil/water environment of gathering pipeline was investigated by mass loss, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with X-ray microanalysis (SEM-EDS), and electrochemical analysis through dynamic reactor tests. The results indicate that the corrosion rate increases and the corrosion morphology changes with an increase in the water cut. When the water cut of crude oil is within the range 40%-50%, uniform corrosion occurs along with a lower corrosion rate due to the protection of crude oil, but pitting corrosion appears due to the inhomogeneous adsorption of crude oil. When the water cut is between 70%-80%, the barrier effect of crude oil on the steel surface is weakened, the corrosion scales become thick and loose, and the partial loss of corrosion scales cause mesa corrosion. When the water cut is 90%, the damage area of platform corrosion is enlarged. Consequently, the corrosion rate dramatically increases. Crude oil can hinder the corrosion scales from being dissolved in a corrosive medium and change the dimension and accumulation pattern of the crystal grain, thickness and structure of corrosion scales, thus influencing the corrosion rate. Under the corrosion inhibition effect of crude oil, the temperature-sensitive point of X65 steel corrosion moves to a low temperature at -50℃, lower corrosion rate interval is broadened, and the corrosion resistance of X65 steel is enhanced.

Online route planning could make the UAV in the dynamic environment quickly and efficiently generate suitable flight routes so that it is the necessary ability of UAV mission planning. This paper presents a three-dimensional online route planning method based on the adaptive artificial potential field method，which could cope with the UAV dynamic flight environment and quickly generate the real-time safety flight route that satisfies the task requirement. The route planning method uses the reference route gravitational field and the adaptive time disturbance factor in the process of constructing environment to help the UAV escape the trap when fall into the local minimum of potential field. And a virtual target method is proposed to help effectively solve the trapping problem. Computer simulation results show that the UAV online route planning method is easier to jump out of the local minimum of the potential field than the traditional method, and has better obstacle avoidance capability.

The effect of different Mn contents on the σ phase and toughness of 22%Cr (mass fraction, the same below) low-nickel DSS by means of OM, XRD, SEM, TEM, precipitation kinetics and Charpy impact tests was studied. The results show that the morphology of precipitated phases changes from tiny granulated σ phase in δ/γ phase boundary to σ/γ2 eutectoid structure within δ phase with the addition of Mn from 4.3% to 9.7% and 76 hours aging. The increase of Mn content can decrease Avrami exponent n and increase reaction constant B, and the accelerating of σ-phase precipitation with higher Mn addition is due to the participation of Mn. Increasing Mn content can make initial time and ending time of σ-phase precipitation earlier and expand the interval between the initial time and ending time of σ-phase precipitation, that is, the more Mn addition, the earlier precipitation beginning time of σ-phase and the lower precipitation rate of it. The impact toughness is not sensitive to 1% transformation fraction of δ-ferrite, but it drops rapidly while the transformation fraction of δ-ferrite increases from 1% to 5%. More addition of Mn is good to impact toughness at the early stage of aging treatment, but the impact toughness decreases rapidly by accelerating the transformation fraction of δ-ferrite more than 1% earlier at the middle stage of aging time.

Two-hole blasting of jointed rock mass under different in-situ stress conditions(lateral pressure coefficient:0.5,1 and 2; vertical stress:5 MPa and 10 MPa) and joint angles(30°,45°,60° and 90°) was numerically simulated to study the process of crack initiation,propagation and coalescence. In the simulation,rock damage was induced by stress waves and explosion gas pressure. Simulation results indicate that for rock without a joint,the initial stress field has a guide role on crack propagation,and the crack propagation direction coincides with the maximum compressive principal stress. However,the existing joint has effect on the crack propagation direction. When the joint angle is 30°,the blasting induced crack connects with the joint and forms a "z" shape.The existing joint would play a positive role in promoting crack initiation and propagation and favor crack propagation along the vertical direction.

[Purpose/significance] The two major measures to strengthen Chinese industrial infrastructure capacity, including the “Strengthening the Basic Domain Standards System” and the “Strengthening the Development of Manufacturing-Oriented Information Technology Services,” were proposed for “Made in China 2025”.Based on this and the actual demand for Chinese aeronautical manufacturing industry to complete product R&D under the new situation of the industrial revolution, this paper try to provide high-quality and efficient knowledge management information services for aviation manufacturing industry in China. [Method/process] Starting from the current national and industry standards documents in the field of aviation manufacturing in China. This paper analyzed the association rule of standard literature knowledge element in aviation manufacturing from the aspects of explicit association and invisible association, and based on the knowledge element, it established knowledge association network description model of aviation technical standards. [Result/conclusion] To develop aviation manufacturing information services and establish a knowledge-based knowledge management system, and further promote the knowledge-based process of design, production, and manufacturing of aviation manufacturing to provide good technical support.

Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) oligomers were synthesized through a solution reaction using sulfolane as a solvent, the resultant oligomers were employed to synthesize high melt viscosity PEEK through solid-state polymerization in a twin-roller mixer. The effects of polymerization time on the crystallization properties, thermal properties and flowability of PEEK were investigated. The results indicated that both the degree of crystallinity and crystallization completeness of PEEK decreased with an increase in polymerization time. The degree of crystallinity of PEEK after polymerization for 5 h decreased by about 31. 4 % as compared to that of the oligomers. All samples possessed residual weights greater than 50 % at 900 °C, indicating outstanding thermal stability. In addition, the melt viscosities of PEEKs increased significantly with an increase in the polymerization time, and it reached approximately 13-360 times as high as that of oligomers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AIM: To investigate the effects of sodium selenite (SS) on viability, migration and angiogenesis of human non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) H520 and A549 cells. METHODS: The H520 cells, A549 cells, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were divided into control group (0 μmol/L SS), low dose group (5 μmol/L SS), middle dose group (10 μmol/L SS), and high dose group (20 μmol/L SS). Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 assay, and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was calculated. Cell migration and invasion abilities were determined through wound healing and Transwell assays. The regulatory effects of SS on angiogenesis, vasculogenic mimicry and "mosaic" vascular formation between HUVEC and NSCLC cells were detected using vessel forming assays. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the supernatant of lung cancer cells in each group was detected using chemiluminescence. RT-qPCR was used to assess the mRNA expression of VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and angiotensin II (Ang II). Western blot was used to examine the protein levels of VEGF, p-PI3K, and p-Akt in H520 and A549 cells. RESULTS : The IC50 values of SS to HUVEC, A549 cells and H520 cells for 48 h were 6. 762, 9. 003 and 7. 356 μmol/L, respectively. Compared with control group, the wound healing rate was significantly decreased in each group treated with SS for 48 h (p<0. 01). In HUVEC, the number of migrating cells in middle dose and high dose groups decreased (p<0. 01), whereas in lung cancer cells, the number of migrating cells in each group decreased after SS treatment (p<0. 01). The mRNA expression levels of VEGF, VEGFR2 and Ang II were lower in high-dose SS group than those in control group (p<0. 05 or p<0. 01). In H520 cells, compared with control group, the protein levels of VEGF, p-PI3K and p-Akt in SS treatment groups were significantly decreased (p<0. 05 or p< 0. 01). CONCLUSION: Sodium selenite inhibits the viability and migration of HUVEC, H520 cells and A549 cells, and inhibits the formation of vasculogenic mimicry and mosaic vessels in NSCLC cells. This mechanism may be related to the inhibition of PI3K-Akt signaling pathway activation and regulation of VEGF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Small objects in images captured by UAV have the characteristics of unclear feature information, complex backgrounds, and partial target occlusion, which leads to problems of false detection and missed detection during detection. In response to these problems, an improved UAV small target detection method SDT-YOLOv5 is proposed. Firstly, the dataset images are sliced to increase the proportion of small objects in each slice and improve the recognition ability of small objects. Secondly, a dynamic decoupled detection head is used to introduce dynamic convolution and adaptive receptive field mechanism while decoupling the classification and regression branches of the detection head to achieve stronger feature expression and extraction capabilities. Finally, an optimal transmission allocation method based on intersection-union ratio loss of minimum point distance is proposed. The distance between the upper left corner and lower right corner of the predicted bounding box and the real bounding box is minimized, and then based on the position information and distance measurement of the bounding box, with the goal of minimizing the total cost, the optimal real bounding box and predicted bounding box matching scheme is found to improve detection accuracy. Through experimental results on the VisDrone2019 dataset, the mAP50 value of the improved YOLOv5 reaches 58.5%, which is 23.2 percentage points higher than the mAP50 value of the original YOLOv5. This shows that the improved method effectively improves the detection accuracy of UAV small objects and can detect small objects more accurately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the influence of different working conditions on the mechanical properties of dovetail joints, in this paper, the "Qing Dynasty Engineering Rules" of the Ministry of Qing Dynasty and "Wood Construction Technology of Ancient Chinese Buildings" were used as the weighing standards, using the results of wood properties tests conducted by other scholars as a reference, the numerical simulation of pseudo-static load was carried out on the dovetail joints of Qing Dynasty based on the finite element software ABAQUS. The influence of different angles outside the plane of tenon, different materials, different axial loads, and different load positions on the mechanical properties of dovetail tenon joints was investigated. The results showed that: 1) The hysteretic curves of dovetail mortise and tenon are all inverted z-shape. 2) The maximum bending moments at dovetail joints were 0.896, 0.914 kN·m and 0.979 kN·m when the lateral angles of the Fangs were 0°, 1.41° and 2.82°, respectively. When the axial load at the top of the column increases from 0 to 50 kN, the two-way maximum bending moments of dovetail joints change from 0.896 kN·m and 0.523 kN·m to 2.680 kN·m and 5.129 kN·m respectively. The two-way yield moment changed from 0.823 kN·m and 0.473 kN·m to 2.366 kN·m and 4.172 kN·m respectively. When the axial load at the top of the column increases from 50 kN to 100 kN, the changes of the two-way maximum bending moment and yield bending moment do not exceed 1%. 3) The peak viscous damping coefficients of dovetail joints corresponding to horizontal displacements of 0, 25 mm, and 50 mm applied on the beam side are 22.05%, 28.50%, and 29.38%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to solve the problem of excessive vibration of the slurry circulation pipeline at vacuum tower bottom of slurry bed residue hydrogenation unit of a petrochemical enterprise, and to ensure the safe and stable operation of the equipment, a 3D model of this section of pipeline is established by combining the characteristics of the unit and the actual operating conditions of the process system. The finite element analysis software is applied to numerically simulate the pipeline, analyze the main influencing factors of the pipeline vibration, and apply viscous dampers to damp the vibration of this section of pipeline. Through the system simulation, optimization of installation plan, determination of damper installation position and reinforcement method, the theoretical simulation calculation of the final plan shows a maximum vibration reduction of 70.6% for the pipeline. After the implementation of the plan, the actual vibration value on site had a maximum reduction of 89. 14%, and the actual application effect has achieved the expected results, greatly reducing the operational risk of the pipeline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is well-known that LRRII-RLK gene family widely exists in plants. These genes are receptor like kinase (RLK), which play a significant role in plant development and biological stress. Up till now, there is no systematic identification and analysis of the LRRII-RLK gene family in sugarcane. Here, we identified 27 LRRII-RLK genes in Saccharum spontaneum, which were distributed on 17 chromosomes. Phylogenetic tree showed the classification of these genes into three different branches including NIK, SERK, and LRRII-C. Furthermore, we observed the significant amplification in the LRRII-C branch. Next, we characterized the cis-regulatory elements, which identified 32 different types of cis elements in the gene promoters, primarily involved in light response, stress response, regulation of hormone mechanism, and plant growth. Interestingly, SsLRRII-RLK genes were detected to be conserved with 35 collinear gene pairs and multiple conserved motifs. These genes were mainly amplified by segmental replication and had undergone strict purification selection during the evolution, according to their Ka/Ks ratios. Furthermore, the relative expression level of SsLRRII-RLK genes varied in different tissues of sugarcane. Additionally, some genes expressed differently during distinct periods of day and night, suggesting that they were associated with plant growth regulation and photosynthesis. Noticeably, the relative expression pattern of SsLRRII-RLK genes varied significantly under different disease conditions (sugarcane pokkah boeng disease and mosaic disease). In conclusion, these genes might play a role in pathogenesis and viral replication. The results of this study are helpful to further understand the evolutionary process of LRRII-RLK gene in sugarcane. This data provides a preliminary theoretical basis for the functional study of LRRII-RLK gene during photosynthesis, growth and development, and disease conditions in sugarcane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A machine vision experiment project is developed by the use of machine learning in this paper. It is intended for undergraduate practical teaching and aims at static gesture recognition. In the algorithm design part of the experiment, support vector machine and convolutional neural network are used separately to implement two gesture recognition algorithms. In addition, the principles, characteristics and processes of two gesture recognition algorithms are introduced in detail. In the algorithm validation part of the experiment, a detailed introduction is given to the method of implementing algorithm simulation using Python language, compilation environment, and datasets. The simulation results show that both algorithms can effectively recognize multiple static gestures. This experimental project includes task analysis, algorithm design, algorithm optimization, programming implementation, and result analysis. Through the training of this experiment, it is helpful to enhance the practical ability of undergraduate students in the field of intelligent image processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, MXenes has been recognized as a promising material due to its unique physical and chemical properties. Compared with traditional two-dimensional nanomaterials, MXenes has the advantages of large specific surface area, high hydrophilicity, abundant surface active sites, and excellent chemical stability, which makes it have a wide application prospect in environmental remediation technologies such as adsorption. In this paper, the structure and physicochemical properties of MXenes were introduced. The research progress of MXenes for water pollution adsorption remediation was reviewed. The current status of adsorption treatment of heavy metals, dyes, radioactive substances and antibiotics by MXene-based adsorption materials were listed. The characteristics, adsorption conditions, adsorption capacity and corresponding adsorption mechanism of each adsorbent were introduced.The reuse ability of MXenes was discussed. On this basis, the challenges and prospects of MXenes application in the field of water treatment were discussed.

The pH value, glucose content, glycolytic potential, and expression levels of five glycolytic enzymes in lamb longissimus dorsi muscle at different time after slaughter were compared and analyzed, which treated at different cooling rates and stored at different temperatures. The impact of two steps in the process of ultra-fast chilling on the expression levels of glycolytic enzymes was determined. The regulatory mechanism of ultra-fast chilling on the glycolytic rate was elucidated from the perspective of protein expression. The results showed that ultra-fast chilling treatment significantly delayed the decrease of pH and the increase of glycolytic rate, promoted the expression levels of aldolase (ALDOA), glycogen phosphorylase (PYGM), and triosephosphate isomerase (TPI1), and inhibited the expression levels of phosphofructokinase (PFKM) and phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK). After cooling treatment, refrigeration and controlled freezing-point storage delayed glycolysis by inhibiting the expression level of PGK, without altering the effect of ultra-fast chilling. The expression level of PFKM was positively correlated with the rate of glycolysis at different temperatures. It was found that different glycolytic enzymes had different responses to temperature changes. Ultra-fast chilling affected energy supply and demand by changing the expression of enzymes involved in glycolysis. The high expression level of PFKM was associated with fast glycolysis. PFKM can be regarded as a key enzyme in the ultra-fast chilling process.

[Objective] To improve the drying quality of pumpkins. [Methods] This study conducted experiments on hot air drying, vacuum drying, and combined hot air-vacuum drying, these drying characteristics were evaluated and compared based on unit energy consumption, rehydration ratio, and color difference indicators. Combining BP neural network model with genetic algorithm, combined with entropy weight and weighted scoring method, a multi-objective comprehensive optimization was carried out for the combined hot air-vacuum drying of pumpkins. [Results] Under the same conditions, the highest drying efficiency was hot air drying; And the findings revealed that at drying temperatures was 55 ℃, with a moisture content transition point of 30%, the combined drying method reduced the drying time by 52.63%, compared to vacuum drying. The lowest unit energy consumption was vacuum drying; The worst rehydration performance was hot air drying. The best color was vacuum drying. The optimal drying parameters determined by the genetic algorithm combined with a BP neural network model were a hot air drying temperature of 65 ℃, conversion point moisture content of 50%, and vacuum drying temperature of 56.050 9 ℃. Verification experiments demonstrated that the average relative errors between the genetic algorithm optimized values and the experimental values for unit energy consumption, rehydration ratio, and color difference were 2.5%, 5.53%, and 4.84%, respectively, all lower than 6%. [Conclusion] The combined hot air-vacuum drying of pumpkin integrates the advantages of both hot air drying and vacuum drying, and combined with BP neural network genetic algorithm model can optimize the process parameters for pumpkin hot air vacuum drying.

【Objective】 Discharge coefficient is a coefficient describing the discharge of non-point source pollution to water bodies. It is affected by many biotic and abiotic factors. In this paper, we analyze its variation in typical drylands in river network areas in a plain. 【Method】 The studied area is located at the Chongming Island, Shanghai. A hydrology-water quality collaborative monitoring system was constructed in the island, which can accurately calculate the discharge coefficient of non-point source pollution, identify its temporal variation, and analyze the underlying influencing factors. 【Result】 ① Daily discharge coefficient of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) is 2.2-9 843.9 and 0.08-667.0 g/(hm2·d), respectively; monthly discharge coefficients of TN and TP is 0.02-17.2 and 0.001-1.04 kg/(hm2·m) respectively. ② The total nitrogen discharge coefficient during precipitation runoff period is significantly positively correlated with duration of the precipitation, while the TP discharge coefficient is significantly positively correlated with the total precipitation, average precipitation intensity, and maximum hourly precipitation intensity. ③ Following fertilization, the daily discharge coefficient of TN increases rapidly, while the daily discharge coefficient of TP remains almost unchanged. ④ At different time scales, there is no notable correlation between TN discharge coefficient and surface runoff, whereas the TP discharge coefficient exhibits a significant positive correlation with surface runoff. 【Conclusion】 The discharge coefficients of nitrogen and phosphorus vary with time scales, with significant differences observed between daily and monthly discharge coefficients. TN discharge coefficient is primarily influenced by fertilization, whereas TP discharge coefficient is more sensitive to precipitation and surface runoff.

Acute type A aortic dissection (aTAAD) is a common aortic disease with a very high mortality rate. Due to its frequent involvement of vessels above aortic arch, it is highly prone to cause neurological complications. This review comprehensively elaborates on the possible risk factors of aTAAD combined with neurological complications, and summarizes the commonly used surgical treatment strategies, in order to provide a theoretical basis for finding intervention methods for aTAAD combined with neurological complications.

Cistanche deserticola is one of the precious traditional Chinese medicines that can be eaten fresh. Its highly active life and zoning restrictions cause it to brown, soften, and even mildew when being transported and stored. The processing technology and preservation and storage techniques were analyzed by thoroughly reading literatures in this field. Moreover, the advantages and disadvantages of different processing methods were analyzed, and the development direction of C. deserticola processing technology was prospected.

[Objective] With the implementation of the “dual carbon” strategic goals, China is experiencing a rapid increase in natural gas demand. However, the occurrence of leakage accidents in pipelines carrying this flammable and explosive gas poses potential threats, including casualties, environmental pollution, and economic losses. As a result, the research on detecting leaks in natural gas pipelines becomes particularly significant. [Methods] Utilizing the Gaussian plume model and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) equipped with methane concentration sensors, this study employed the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method based on Bayesian inference to determine the positions and rates of leakage sources along natural gas pipelines. The inverse computation method of gas source intensity, relying on probability statistics, was employed to calculate leakage parameter intervals with the highest probability. To verify the effectiveness of the MCMC algorithm in identifying leakage sources in natural gas pipelines, gas leakage simulations were conducted in a scenario featuring continuous leakage accidents of overhead natural gas pipelines. [Results] The MCMC algorithm demonstrated its effectiveness in calculating the positions and rates of leakage in natural gas pipelines. However, its success rate declined due to increasing overall errors. Nonetheless, data cleaning greatly enhanced the algorithm’s ability to adapt to errors, with a success rate exceeding 90% when supported by data cleaning. In contrast, the success rates gradually declined without any data processing. By applying inverse computation of hazardous gas source intensity to leakage detection, more accurate results were obtained regarding the positions and rates of pipeline leakage. It was observed that when the initial points were distant from the actual leakage source, the algorithm’s performance diminished. Hence,a rational selection of the initial point proved beneficial for the overall operation of the algorithm. [Conclusion] The combined approach involving the MCMC algorithm and UAVs equipped with methane concentration sensors effectively enables the simultaneous identification of leakage positions and rates in natural gas pipelines. The findings of this study hold significant importance for facilitating emergency response measures to leakage accidents.