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The supervision of grain reserves is a major event of national food security. China has built the largest grain internet of things in the world. Although there are still have some problems such as low data quality, low utilization rate, and serious information islands, it still provides a basis for conducting digital supervision on grain reserves. On the basis of studying the multi-fields coupling and biological theory in stored grain ecosystems, the author team proposed the continuity, periodicity and coordination principles of the digital supervision of grain reserves, and further proposed 7 intelligent strategies using the big data analysis of grain situation and the intelligent analysis method of 10 modes of grain storage in the granary. In combination with the application cases of 10 provinces that participated in the policy oriented inventory check of grain reserves organized in 2018, this paper analyzes the principle of digital supervision of grain reserves and 7 intelligent methods, which will accelerate the transformation and large-scale promotion of relevant technological achievements, and accelerating the construction of a high-quality technical system for grain reserves supervision. This digital intelligence method will promote the transformation of grain reserve management from “human management" to "technology management”, and let data play its due role in grain reserve decision-making and management.

Based on the implementing grain security projects and instituting other relevant grain security policies, China has promoted the process of digitalization and intelligence of grain storage and built the world's largest grain Internet of Things, since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. But, the resulting large amount of grain data, mainly based on temperature, can not effectively support decision-making and management on grain storage. Based on the study of the multi-field coupling theory of grain pile ecosystem, our research team further extracted the continuity principle, periodicity principle, and coordination principle of digital supervision of grain reserves, and proposed a series of intelligent strategies such as AID, ABC, 6R, SIN, CAE, O, and U. However, the application of these strategies directly faces the original data, which has some problems such as low efficiency and large error. To apply the intelligent strategies efficiently and correctly, the basic data manual of intelligent analysis of grain condition has been developed, according to the original grain condition data of typical granaries and main grain varieties in different grain storage ecological regions in China. The development of this manual is expected to consolidate the foundation of intelligent analysis of grain situation, which could promote the digital monitoring of grain storage quantity and quality, and realize the transformation from "manual defense" to “technical defense”.

The research progress of the influence of fermentation temperature, fermentation humidity, fermentation time and exogenous additives on the formation of black tea pigment were reviewed. The future research and development trend of black tea pigment formation was prospected.

In order to meet the high requirements of future high-speed and high acceleration tactical missiles for shell bearing capacity and heat protection function, the integrated structure-heat protection ϕ480 mm composite shell was prepared by dry winding process, in which the structure layer adopted T700 carbon fiber/cyanate ester composite, and the heat protection layer adopted composite heat protection structure. The internal pressure, acoustic emission and hydraulic burst tests had been done for integrated structure-heat protection ϕ480 mm shell. The strain variation law, the damage type and damage location of ϕ480 mm composite shell were researched. The structural integrity of external heat protection materials was evaluated. The capacity of bearing internal pressure load was also assessed for the integrated structure-heat protection ϕ480 mm composite shell. The results show that the strain of ϕ480 mm composite shell is linear with the pressure and increased with the raising pressure. The acoustic emission signals, such as resin cracking, monofilament fracture, fiber bundle fracture and delamination are distributed in the dome areas under the internal pressure. The Felicity ratio of ϕ480 mm composite shell is 0.96 after secondary loading. The bursting pressure of ϕ480 mm composite shell is 18.6 MPa, and the vessel characteristic coefficient reaches 42.1 km. The fiber fracture occurs in the dome areas. A small amount of fiber fuzzing, broken wire and whitening appear on the surface of the heat resistant layer material, and no delamination and shedding occur, maintaining good structural integrity.

At present,deep learning models have been widely deployed in various industrial fields.However,the complexity and inexplicability of deep learning model have become the main bottleneck of its application in high-risk fields.The most important method is the visual interpretation,in which the attention map is the main representation of the visual interpretation method.The decision area in the sample image can be marked to visually display the decision basis of the model.In the existing visual interpretation methods based on attention map,the single model attention map has the problem of insufficient confidence of visualization interpretability due to the annotation error easily appearing in the annotated region.To solve the above problems,this paper proposes an interpretable optimization method based on the mutual transfer of local attention map,aiming at improving the annotation accuracy of the model attention map and displaying the precise decision area,so as to strengthen the visual interpretable ability for the model decision basis.Specifically,the structure of the intermigration network is constructed by using the lightweight model,the feature maps are extracted and superimposed between the layers of the single model,and the global attention map is divided locally.Pearson correlation coefficient is used to measure the similarity of the corresponding local attention map between the models,and then the local attention map is regularized and transferred combined with the cross-entropy function..Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm significantly improves the accuracy of the model attention map label accuracy.The proposed algorithm achieves an average drop rate of 28.2% and an average increase rate of 29.5%,respectively,and achieves an increase of 3.3% in the average decline rate compared with the most advanced algorithm.The above experiments show that the proposed algorithm can successfully find out the most responsive region in the sample image,rather than being limited to the vi-sual visualization region.Compared with the existing similar methods,the proposed method can more accurately reveal the decision basis of the original CNN model.

Objective To investigate factors related to hypertension and their importance degrees in Kazakhs,from Altay city, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, with different occupations (citizen, farmer, and nomad) for target hypertension prevention. Methods According to the proportions of three occupation populations, 1 668 Kazakhs aged 30 years or older were selected by random cluster sampling from 2012 to 2013, in Hongdun Town, Altay City, Xinjiang. Hypertension related factors were investigated. We used random forest model to explore the factors related to hypertension and their importance degrees in different occupational groups. Results 1 646 participants were included in this study. We ranked the importance of hypertension related factors by feature importance scores. The top five hypertension related factors were waist circumference,triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), body mass index (BMI), and age for citizen; age, LDL-C, total cholesterol (TC), TG, and waist circumference for farmer. Age, BMI, waist circumference, TC, and LDL-C for nomad (feature importance scores＞0.06). The prediction accuracy of random forest models of hypertension for citizen, farmer, and nomad were 0.82, 0.69, and 0.76, respectively. Conclusions In different occupational groups, obesity and blood lipids were related to hypertension in different degrees, so the target of hypertension prevention should be carried out for different occupational groups. With the process of urbanization, urban residents should be well informed to controlling central obesity.

Carbon/Carbon(C/C) composites are widely used in aerospace industry due to their diverse advantages such as low density, reliable thermal shock resistance and excellent mechanical properties at elevated temperatures. However, their awful oxidation resistance, especially at higher temperatures, has greatly limited their further applications. Ultra-high temperature ceramics(UHTCs) are ceramics whose melting points are higher than 3000 ℃. Some advanced performances like high strength, high hardness and outstanding thermal stabilities have given the UHTCs huge potential in ultra-high temperature applications. Using UHTCs to modify the matrix of C/C composites is a commonly applied method to improve the oxidation resistance of the C/C composites. There are numerous methods to fabricate UHTCs modified C/C composites(C/C-UHTCs), yet none of them could assure low cost, high efficiency and uniform bulk density simultaneously. Compared to C/C composites, C/C-UHTCs possess better performances both in anti-oxidation ablation and mechanical properties. But, the long-term(over 120 s) anti-oxidation ablation properties and anti-oxidation ablation properties of prototype structures are waiting to be improved to meet the updated requirements of modern sharp-edged aerospace vehicles. Meanwhile, reducing the brittleness of the modified composites and improving the reliability of the structure should be considered in order to avoid the hazard brittle fracture of the composites. In order to provide references to future studies, the state of the arts of the C/C-UHTCs were reviewed from four perspectives, which were manufacture processes, microstructure morphologies, anti-oxidation ablation properties and mechanical performances. Moreover, the future research tendency of this kind of composites was also predicted in this work.

Objective To study the clinical outcome of short segment percutaneous pedicle screw(PPS) combined with unilateral percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP) for Kümmell disease stage Ⅲ without neurological symptoms. Methods Retrospective analysis of 11 patients with Kümmell disease stage Ⅲ hospitalized in the department of spine surgery of Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital of Henan Province from May 2018 to August 2019(5 males and 6 females),who were received posterior short-segment percutaneous pedicle screw fixation combined with unilateral percutaneous vertebroplasty. The mean age was 72.2 years old, with an average disease course of 5.5 months. All the patients had osteoporosis. The lesion segments included T11, T12 and L1. According to the follow up results,including the operation time,blood loss,the volume of injected bone cement,kyphosis Cobb angle,Oswesay disability index(ODI),height restoration of the vertebral, the incidence of adjacent vertebral fracture and stability of implant were assessed. Results The operations were successfully performed on the 11 patients, and all the patients were followed up for 12 to 15 months, average (14.27±1.01) months. Compared with preoperation, the observational targets (ODI, VAS score, Cobb angle and the height of anterior edge of injured vertebra) in last follow-up and a week after surgery were improved significantly(P＜0.05). Two cases had slight displacement of internal fixation during the follow-up, and 1 case had cement leakage without symptom to the disc during operation. Conclusions Short segment percutaneous pedicle screw fixation combined with unilateral percutaneous vertebroplasty is safe and effective for treatment of Kümmell disease stage Ⅲ without neurological symptoms, alleviate clinical symptoms and reduce the complication of long-term bed rest.

The microRNA is a kind of small non-coding RNA, which can cause target mRNA degradation or translation inhibition. Reactive oxygen species(ROS)represent the main active product of redox. It has been reported that ROS are involved in different signaling pathways to keep cell stability. The imbalance of ROS in cell is closely related to tumorigenesis. In the progress of occurrence and development of human glioma, microRNAs and ROS can affect cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration, and resistance to chemotherapy as well as radiotherapy. Therefore, to understand the mechanism of miRNA on ROS may lead to a potential strategy for glioma treatment.

Objective To investigate the causal relationship between gut microbiota and insomnia by two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. Methods The summary statistics of gut microbiota came from a meta-analysis of the largest genome-wide association study conducted by the MiBioGen Alliance. The summary statistics for insomnia came from the genome-wide association study of insomnia measurement. Inverse variance weighted, MR -Egger, weighted median, simple mode method, and weighted mode method were used to study the causal relationship between gut microbiota and insomnia. The stability of the results was evaluated by a series of sensitivity analyses. Results MR analysis showed that soft membrane Mollicutes RF9 [β-0.86, OR(95% CI): 0.42(0.25-0.71)] and unknown family [β=-0.86, OR(95% CI): 0.42(0.25-0.71)] had protective effect on insomnia. In addition, 14 other groups were found to be potentially causally associated with insomnia in this study including Oxalobacteraceae (F=170.153, P=0.034), Marvinbryantia (F=162.702, P=0.006), Ruminococcaceae UCG002 (F=298.323, P=0.046), Subdoligranulum(F=198.442, P=0.045), Anaerostipes(F=222.074, P=0.032), Gammaproteobacteria(F= 91.816, P= 0.006), Pasteurellales (F=231.141, P=0.010), Lachnospiraceae UCG010 (F=138.761, P=0.045), Peptococcus (F= 287.210, P=0.036), Ruminococcus gnavus group (F=162.913, P=0.031), Dorea (F=112.086, P=0.049), Flavonifractor (F= 95.307, P=0.020), and unknown genus (F=89.189, P=0.001). No significant heterogeneity or pleiotropy was detected. Conclusion Mendelian randomization shows that the flexurales, unknown families, and 14 other taxa are causally related to in-somnia. The gut microbiota may be one of the treatments to improve insomnia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Five transparent polyimide thin films with different proportions of 1,2,4,5-,pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) were made by copolymerization of 4,4'-(six fluoro isopropenyl) two phthalic anhydride (6FDA), 4,4'-two amino -2,2'-double three trifluoromethyl biphenyl (TFMB) and PMDA, and their properties were characterized. The results show that thermal stability and heat resistance are increased after the introduction of rigid monomers; the dielectric constant of the films is increased with the increase of PMDA content; homopolymer film has higher light transmission rate than copolymer films in visible light; tensile test shows that adding a small amount of PMDA, the tensile strength and elastic modulus of the film are increased, but when the content of PMDA is higher than 40%, the mechanical properties are decreased; the coefficient of thermal expansion of the films are decreased obviously while PMDA content is increased.

In order to increase the density of glandular trichomes and nicotine content of flue-cured tobacco to improve plant resistance and tobacco quality, hairy mutant line K326 with NtCycB2 knockout was used as the study material, and NtJAZ1 gene was edited by CRISPR/Cas9 technology. NtCycB2 and NtJAZ1 gene co-knockout line J-21 was selected and its agronomic traits, glandular trichome development, nicotine biosynthesis and leaf chemical components were studied with K326 and hairy K326 as controls. The results showed that the growth and development of J-21 plants were normal, and its main agronomic characteristics were not significantly different from those of K326 and hairy K326. The density of leaf glandular trichomes of J-21 was lower than that of hairy K326, but significantly higher than that of K326, and the content (mass fraction) of glandular trichome secretion was increased by 156.35%. At the bud stage, the nicotine content of J-21 was significantly higher than that of K326 and hairy K326, but the rate of increase decreased after topping. The nicotine content in the mature stage was 37.14% and 32.28% higher than those of K326 and hairy K326, respectively. The chemical components in cured leaves were harmonious, and the nicotine content of J21 was increased by 39.81% and 45.32%, the content of cembranoid degradation product solanone was increased by 217.49% and 48.45% compared with K326 and hairy K326, respectively. These results indicated that the co-knockout of NtCycB2 and NtJAZ1 can effectively increase the glandular trichome density of tobacco leaves, promote the accumulation of glandular trichome secretion content and nicotine without affecting the normal growth and development of tobacco plants, which is one of the effective methods to simultaneously improve tobacco resistance and characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon fiber reinforced carbon and silicon carbide matrix composites for nozzle inner of solid propellant ramjet were prepared by using the hybrid process of "chemical vapor infiltration + precursor impregnation pyrolysis (CVI+PIP)". The microstructure, flexural and anti-ablation properties of the C/C-SiC composites and hydraulic test and rocket motor hot firing test for nozzle inner of solid propellant ramjet were comprehensively investigated. The results show that when the flexural strength of the composite reachs 197 MPa, the fracture damage behavior of the composites presents typical toughness mode.Also the composites has excellent anti-ablative property, i.e., linear ablation rate is only 0.0063 mm·s-1 after 200 s ablation. The C/C-SiC component have excellent integral bearing performance with the hydraulic bursting pressure of 6.5 MPa, and the high temperature combination property of the C/C-SiC composite nozzle inner is verified through motor hot firing of solid propellant ramjet.

To further increase the mass fraction of glandular trichome secretion of Y2001, a mutant of NtCycB2 gene, which regulates glandular trichome formation, was created by EMS mutagenesis. The mutant was serially backcrossed with Y2001 as the recurrent parent, resulting in the modified line HY2001 with multi-glandular trichome orientation. The observation indicated that the total density of glandular trichomes of HY2001 increased by 117% compared with Zhongyan 100, in which the density of both long stalk and short stalk glandular trichomes increased significantly, while the density of non-glandular trichome type decreased significantly. The total density of HY2001 glandular trichomes increased by 77% compared with Y2001, in which the density of long stalk and short stalk glandular trichomes increased significantly, and the density of non-glandular trichomes increased slightly. The results of the chemical components on the leaf surface showed that the secreted components of HY2001 were the same as those of Y2001 and Zhongyan 100; however, its secretion content was significantly higher, especially the cembranoid diterpene content was 3.03 and 1.98 times as that of Zhongyan 100 and Y2001, and the sucrose ester content was 3.43 and 2.63 times as that of Zhongyan 100 and Y2001, respectively. The expression levels of diterpenoid biosynthesis related genes NtCBTS, NtCYP71D16, NtABS and sugar ester biosynthesis related genes NtASAT1 and NtASAT2 were upregulated in HY2001. The results of the drought stress experiment suggested that compared with Y2001, the wilting degree of HY2001 leaves was less and the antioxidant capacity of HY2001 line was significantly higher under drought stress. After inoculation with Phytophthora parasitica, the infection level of the stalk base of HY2001 plant was lower and the expression levels of resistance related genes NtPR1b and Nthsr203J were higher as compared to Y2001. The results of the aphid inoculation experiment showed that HY2001 was less attractive to aphids and the aphid reproduction rate on HY2001 was lower as compared to Y2001. The density of glandular trichomes and the secretion content of HY2001 increased significantly, and its resistance to drought, aphid and black shank improved. In conclusion, HY2001 has a great potential in tobacco growing areas in the central of Henan Province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve the secretion mass fraction of tobacco glandular trichomes, a homozygous mutant plant TTB-1 (tobacco trichome bioreactor-1) was obtained by using gene editing technology to remove NtCycB2, a negative regulatory gene of glandular trichome development, in T.I.1068 germplasm. The results showed that TTB-1 plants grew vigorously and developed normally. Unlike the flue-cured tobacco cv. K326, the surface fur of TTB-1 and T.I.1068 was composed of glandular trichomes without protection. The glandular trichome density of TTB-1 was 53.41% higher than that of T.I.1068 and 7 times higher than that of K326. Compared to K326, the TTB-1 glandular head was fuller and Rhodamine staining was darker. The test results of the chemical components on the leaf surface of the middle leaves of tobacco plants at the bud stage indicated that the components in TTB-1 and T.I.1068 secretions were consistent, but the content of secretions was significantly higher in TTB-1, and its total secretion amount was 63.11% higher than that of T.I.1068. The secretions of TTB-1 differed from those of K326. In addition to cembranoid diterpene and type I-II sucrose esters, TTB-1 also contained labdane diterpene and type III-V sucrose esters, and its total secretion amount was 7.95 times of that of K326. The mature upper, middle and lower leaves were harvested in batches and the chemical components on the leaf surfaces were extracted. The concrete yield was 0.61%, 0.43%, and 0.30% of the fresh upper, middle, and lower leaf weights, respectively, and the average concrete yield per plant was 8.90 g. The concrete yield was 0.45% of the fresh leaf weight, and the average concrete yield per plant was 8.06 g when harvesting by one-priming at flowering stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scientific irrigation is of great significance to plant seed production. With two excellent native plant species in desert steppe, Agropyron mongolicum and Lespedeza potaninii, as the objects, and full irrigation as the control, we explored the effects of deficit irrigation in different growth stages on the seed production and water use efficiency (WUE) of those two species. The results showed that, compared with the control, soil water content of both species decreased under deficit irrigation. The decrease of soil water content of A. mongolicum mainly occurred in the 0-60 cm soil layer, while there was no obvious stratification for the reduction of soil water content of L. potaninii. There were significant differences in the yield components of A. mongolica under deficit irrigation. The seed yield of deficit irrigation at the flowering stage was the highest. There were significant differences in the numbers of fertile tillers, florets and pods of L. potaninii among treatments, but no significant difference in seed yield. There were positive correlations between seed yield of A. mongolicum and the numbers of fertile tillers (r = 0.776) and spikelets (r = 0.717). The racemes of L. potaninii was significantly negatively correlated with the number of fertile tillers (r = -0.685), and positively correlated with the number of florets (r = 0.412). Compared with full irrigation, water consumption of seed production of the two native plant species was reduced under deficit irrigation, but water use efficiency was improved, with the strongest improvement at the flowering stage of A. mongolicum (32.9%) and at the branching stage of L. potaninii (27.4%). Therefore, proper deficit irrigation could improve water use efficiency of both plant species. From the perspective of water use efficiency and seed yield, deficit irrigation could be used for artificial breeding of A. mongolicum and L. potaninii seeds in arid area, with the suitable growth stage for deficit being the flowering and the branching stages, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to clarify the effects of NtJAZ1 gene on nicotine content (mass fraction), growth and development, and quality of tobacco plants, a homozygous mutant NK-9 was obtained by CRISPR/Cas9 technology through the knockout of NtJAZ1 gene in flue-cured tobacco cultivar K326. The sequencing results indicated that the bases of NtJAZ1-1 located between 1 587-1 641 bp and two bases of NtJAZ1-2 located between 1 547-1 548 bp were lost, which generated the premature termination of gene translation. RT-PCR results showed that the expression levels of the key genes, NtMYC2a, NtMYC2b, NtPMT, and NtQPT, in nicotine biosynthesis process increased significantly. The field experiment tests revealed that NK-9 line grew and developed normally, and its plant height, leaf number and leaf width were significantly higher than those of the control (K326), while its leaf length was significantly lower than that of K326. The density of trichome in leaf surface of NK-9 was lower than that of K326 indicated by microexamination. The nicotine content in the middle leaves of NK-9 at flower-bud appearing, topping and mature stages increased by 33.26%, 36.41%, and 39.28% respectively compared with K326. Chemical composition analysis of the cured leaves showed that NK-9 had the balanced chemical compositions and a 44.91% higher content of nicotine than those of K326. The contents of neophytadiene and carotenoid catabolites of neutral aroma components increased significantly, while the contents of browning reaction, phenylalanine catabolites and solanone decreased. All results indicated that NtJAZ1 gene knockout effectively increased the contents of alkaloids in NK-9 and had certain effects on the trichome development and the accumulation of leaf surface chemical components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of mobile networks, more users choose to protect privacy, hide online behavior and bypass the restrictions of networks by using proxy applications. As a result, new challenges are brought to network management and auditing. In addition, malicious attackers can use proxy to hide their identity, making it more difficult to detect and prevent such malicious behavior. Therefore, proxy application traffic identification plays an important role in network management and security, while this issue has not been fully studied at present. Because the proxy application traffic is usually encrypted and obfuscated, the traditional traffic identification methods can not be applied effectively. To achieve accurate and fast traffic identification of mobile proxy applications, a set of sidechannel traffic features that are independent of the payload is proposed. The option field in the TCP header is used for the first time to describe the traffic characteristics. Four machine learning algorithms with two kinds of identification objects are utilized to validate the effectiveness and importance of the proposed feature set. The experimental results show that the proposed features can effectively identify proxy application traffic. More than 99% accuracy can be achieved when identifying whether traffic is forwarded by proxy applications based on random forest. Moreover, the average accuracy is higher than 94% when identifying which proxy application the traffic belongs to. Compared with other methods, the proposed method has better accuracy and faster classification speed on the public dataset ISCX VPNnonVPN. Hence, it is more suitable for real-time traffic identification scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An aqueous solution of y-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH 560) has been prepared by hydrolysis of KH 560 under acidic conditions. The effects of the contents, the types and concentration of the catalyst, and storage time on the properties of the products are discussed. The products have been characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and particle size analysis. The results show that with 0.5% formic acid as the hydrolysis catalyst, the prepared product has ideal indicators and good storage stability. The KH 560 hydrolysate solution or the pure KH 560 (used immediately after diluted with water) is used to treat the glass fibers respectively, and it is found that the related properties of the treated glass fibers are similar. The physical properties, hairiness, and mechanical properties of the dipped yarn are equivalent to the ring shear performance of NOL, in accord with the requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a specialized structure of plant epidermal cells, trichomes play an important role in plant-environment interaction. In present work, non-glandular tobacco variety T.I. 1112 and glandular tobacco variety T.I.1068 were used to study the difference between glandular and non-glandular trichomes in response to cadmium (Cd) stress. By comparing the differential performance between T.I. 1112 and T.I. 1068 under Cd stress, it was found that T.I. 1068 enhanced tolerance to Cd stress. The results of inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) showed that the total Cd content in tobacco leaves gradually increased along with Cd treatment time, with the final Cd content in T.I.1112 and T.I.1068 showed no obvious difference, but the secreted Cd on leaf surface differed greatly, with much higher Cd content on leaf surface of glandular tobacco than non-glandular tobacco. These results indicated that glandular trichomes play more important role in improving tobacco tolerance to Cd by excluding toxic Cd outside the plant. Above results provided references for further work on tobacco breeding, cigarette safety improvement and soil remediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate soil NO3--N dynamics and yield increasing effect of mulching planting for Linum usitatissimum (oil flax) in semi-arid Loess Plateau, we examined the effects of three mulching modes (whole field plastic mulching and micro ridges with soil cover and bunch-seeding; whole field plastic mulching with soil cover and bunch-seeding; and straw mulching with strips) on seed yield and distribution of soil NO3--N during the main growth periods of oil flax, with the conventional planting model as control (CK) in 2015 and 2016. Results showed that the average yield under mulching modes was increased by 56.1% (2015) and 22.7% (2016). The treatment of whole field plastic mulching with soil cover and bunch-seeding had the highest grain yield. Mulching treatments significantly increased soil water content. Soil water content was increased first and then reduced in the whole growth stage of oil flax. The soil N03--N content was gradually decreased during the oil flax growth process. In both years, N03--N content in 0-40 cm soil depth under mulching treatments were increased by 3.1%-18.6% (2015) and 5.1%-16.4% (2016) at budding stage of oil flax, respectively. The whole field plastic mulching with soil cover and bunch-seeding treatment showed the larges increases across all treatments. In 2015, NO3--N accumulation in 0100 cm soil depth between the flowering and maturity stages of oil flax were increased by 10.2%- 22.2% and 8.6%-21.4%, respectively. Especially during the more rainfall period of maturity stage, NO3--N accumulation in 0-40 cm soil depth was significantly enhanced by 3.3%-4.9% than that in 40-100 cm soil depth. It indicated that more rainfall could slow down the migration of NO3--N to the lower layer under the mulching modes in the maturity stage. In 2016, high temperature and drought at late growth stages had a great influence on oil flax growth. The N03 -N accumulation in 0 100 cm soil depth at the maturity stage was increased by 6.6% 18.0%. There was significant correlation between NO3--N content and grain yield during the main growth stages of oil flax. In conclusion, the whole field plastic mulching with soil cover and bunch-seeding treatment was the most appropriate way of oil flax production in arid and semi-arid area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of loop yarn with cotton viscose bamboo fiber blended rotor yarn as fixed yarn and its property testing were discussed. 17 tex polyester filament was used as core yarn. Acrylic/wool 70/30 blended roving was used as decorative yarn. The loop yarn with cotton wool style was spun in fancy twisting frame. The evenness and tensile property for fixed yarn and loop yarn were tested. The test results show that the yarn evenness, breaking strength and breaking elongation of bamboo fiber blended yarn as fixed yarn is in better level. The tensile properties of loop yarn are better. It is considered that the development of bamboo fiber blended rotor loop yarn is beneficial to the exploration of fancy yarn product development scope. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With a view to obtaining the time-frequency characteristics of wall pressure signals of hull structure subjected to underwater explosion, based on the experimental wall pressure data of a hull structure model subjected to underwater explosion, the time-frequency characteristics of the wall pressure signals were studied by means of wavelet transform characterized with good time-frequency localization. By using these wall pressure signals, the pressure-time curves and the energy distributions in different frequency bands were obtained. The experimental results show that it is easy to get the time-frequency information details of the wall pressure signals by the wavelet transform, such as intensity, frequency and duration, etc.. Energy statistics show that frequency bands of the wall pressure signals have a wide distribution, more than 80% of the energy of the wall pressure signals is mainly concentrated in the area of less than 20 kHz and the highest level of energy is below the frequency of 5 kHz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to foster students' professional skill and quality, a practical teaching system is designed to meet the actual working requirement of urban rail transportation. By adopting innovative perspectives, ideas, methods and techniques, the construction of urban railway transportation major in vocational college is presented in this paper. The practical educational mechanism of production, learning and research is introduced. The method of carrying into execution is researched. Based on the synergy effect, cooperative multi-level teaching platform is designed. The practical teaching scheme, instruction program of urban railway transportation, teaching design and concrete implement method are also researched. The integrated practical teaching system of urban railway transportation automatic train control is framed. Characteristics of project instructional method and situational teaching method are illustrated. By setting up practical teaching solution and the guarantee mechanism of engineering major which keeps pace with urban railway transportation industry, the share of information, construction and training are achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peripartum cardiomyopathy is defined as an idiopathic cardiomyopathy manifested as heart failure due to left ventricular systolic dysfunction toward the end of pregnancy or in five months after delivery when no other causes of heart failure ars found. Peripartum cardiomyopathy occurs in previously healthy woman, with unknown origin. Although the incidence is low, the mortality rate is high, and the prognosis is different. The patients commonly have dyspnea, cough, neck vein distension and edema, some patients even occurred arrhythmia and myocardial infarction. Diagnosis relies mainly on echocardiography and magnetic resonance images. The disease can be treated by positive myodynamia, diuresis, and anticoagulant drugs. In some patients the clinical symptoms and ultrasonic cardiogram quickly improve and return normal; but in other patients, the clinical symptoms rapidly deteriorating and the drug treatment is ineffective, if persistent left ventricular dysfunction develop to chronic heart failure, ventricular assist devices and cardiac transplantation maybe required. Summarize the etiology, diagnosis and treatment management of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between composite proportion of composite self-twisted yarn and its mechanical properties is studied based on the research method on the relationship of the blending ratio of blended yarn and its mechanical properties. Respectively by curve fitting of testing data of breaking strength and elongation for acrylic/polyester, wool/polyester, ramie/polyester composite self-twisted yarns, fitting correlation coefficient minimum value is 0 . 9 4 , the rest value range is in 0 . 9 9 ~ 1.00, therefore the fitting curve can be used to predict the strength and elongation of composite self-twisted yarns. Through the analysis of the theoretical curve of the strength and elongation for acrylic/polyester, wool/polyester, ramie/polyester composite self-twisted yarns, it is obtained for the composite proportions of the three kinds of composite self-twisted yarns. For acrylic/polyester composite self-twisted yarn it can be in any composite proportion, for wool/polyester composite self-twisted yarn the polyester content should reach more than 6 0% and for ramie/polyester composite self-twisted yarn the polyester content is more than 7 0% so that the yarn properties can meet the processing requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effects of tenuigenin (TEN) on expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and its receptor tyrosine protein kinase B (TrkB) in the hippocampal CA1 region of Alzheimer's disease (AD) model rats. Methods Sixty male Wistar rats were divided randomly into 4 groups: the control group, the model group, 12.50 mg/ml TEN group and 37.50 mg/ml TEN group. AD model rats were made by injecting ibotenic acid into Meynert basal nuclei of aging rats induced by D-galactose. The expressions of BDNF and its receptor TrkB in the hippocampal CA1 region were measured by immunohistochemistry method. Results The positive expressions of BDNF and TrkB were pale brown and mainly in neuronal cell membrane of the hippocampal CA1 region measured by immunohistochemistry method. The average absorbance values of BDNF and its receptor TrkB in the control group were 0.47 ± 0.02 and 0.46 ± 0.05, while in the model group were 0.30 ± 0.02 and 0.21 ± 0.07 which were significantly lower than that of the control group (P = 0.000, for all). The average absorbance values of BDNF and its receptor TrkB in 12.50 mg/ml TEN group were 0.35 ± 0.05 and 0.32 ± 0.07, which were significantly higher than that of the model group (P = 0.000, for all) and 37.50 mg/ml TEN group were 0.43 ± 0.05 and 0.37 ± 0.03, which were significantly higher than that of the model group (P = 0.000, for all). The average absorbance values of BDNF and its receptor TrkB in 37.50 mg/ml TEN group increased significantly than that in 12.50 mg/ml TEN group (P = 0.000). Conclusions TEN can dose-dependently increase BDNF and its receptor TrkB expression in the hippocampal CA1 region of Alzheimer's disease model rats, which may partly explain the beneficial effects of TEN on cognitive function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to elucidate the influence of deficient phosphorus stress on tobacco glucose metabolism and nutrition uptake, Shapei test was designed with T1 ( 1 mmol/L Pi ) and T2 ( 0 .1 mmol/L Pi ) treatments taking Yunyan 87 as experiment material. The contents of sugar, starch, nutritional elements at different parts of tobacco plant, and the activities of sugar metabolism related enzymes were detected under deficient phosphorus stress. Besides, the key sugar metabolism genes ( SUTl, INV, AGPase ) and the expression differences of high affinity nutrients transport protein family genes ( PT1, PT2, HAKİ, IRT1 ) were also analyzed. The results showed that starch and sugar contents increased remarkably in roots and above-ground parts under Pi deficiency condition. Under deficient phosphorus stress the contents of K and Fe increased in tobaco roots and above-ground parts, Mg content reduced. But there was not much difference in Ca content. K and Fe accumulation might be caused by the increase quantity of high affinity potassium transporters ( HAKİ ) and Iron regulate transporter genes ( IRT1 ) . This study has provided theoretical basis for studying the interaction between phosphorus and other nutrient elements in plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the pure wool heavy twisted Z/Z plied yarns prone to kinking and failure phenomenon in the process of production, analysis and researches were taken on this phenomenon, combined with practical experience in production, this paper started from steaming process to make twist permanent, made steaming time, temperature, pressure, the number of cycles as test factors, and used orthogonal test method to steaming the yarns with new steaming machine, return twist number and yarn strength as indexes, used single factor to analyze and parallel results, finally optimized steaming process. Results show that high temperature, short period of time, medium pressure and double steaming circles can reduce back twist number and get a better yarn strength, and this process can be used as heavy twisted yarn steaming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]