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Copyright of Journal of Jilin University (Science Edition) / Jilin Daxue Xuebao (Lixue Ban) is the property of Zhongguo Xue shu qi Kan (Guang Pan Ban) Dian zi Za zhi She and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Technology Economics is the property of Chinese Society of Technology Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to investigate the resistance of different mature leaves to tobacco brown spot, and also the efficacy of fungicides to this disease, the resistance of leaves with different maturities (mature, proper and immature) to tobacco brown spot was measured, and proper tobacco leaves and three kinds of maturity mixed tobacco leaves (mature, proper and immature) were selected as the evaluation object of disease index, and the field efficacy of 15 kinds of fungicides (12.5% Myclobutanil ME, 325 g/L Difenoconazole Azoxystrobin SC, 57.60% Cu (OH)2 WDG, 40% Dimethachlon WP, 8% Validamycin SL, 80% Bordeaux mixture WP, 50% Kresoxim-methyl WDG, 10% Difenoconazole WDG, 12% Difenoconazole Fluzoxamides SC, 25% Azoxystrobin SC, 400 g/L Cloflurfenazole Pyraclostrobin SC, 10% Polyoxin WP, 38% Pyraclostrobin Boscalid WDG, 200 g/L Pydiflumetofen Difenoconazole SC, 80% Mancozeb WP) against tobacco brown spot were evaluated by the increase of disease index. Results showed that highest resistance to brown spot was the immature leaves at upper position, followed by the proper mature leaves in the middle, and poorest resistance was the mature leaves at down position. Fifteen kinds of fungicides showed different field efficacy on tobacco brown spot. Results of the two investigation methods were relatively consistent in the field efficacy of 12 kinds of fungicides, such as 325 g/L Difenoconazole Azoxystrobin SC, 57.60% Cu(OH), WDG. 325 g/L Difenoconazole Azoxystrobin SC (the field efficacies were 100% and 85.64% at 5 days after treatment, and 57.14% and 64.92% at 10 days after treatment), 12% Difenoconazole Fluzoxamides SC (82.81% and 87.56%, 50% and 70.82%), 25% Azoxystrobin SC (100% and 81.75%, 50% and 53.93%), 38% Pyraclostrobin Boscalid WDG (100% and 89.18%, 77.78% and 58%), 200 g/L Pydiflumetofen Difenoconazole SC (86.74% and 92.84%, 92.86% and 81.79%) had better field efficacies. And 25% Azoxystrobin SC (56.46% and 54.95%) and 200 g/L Pydiflumetofen. Difenoconazole SC (60.90% and 55.95%) still had good field efficacies after 15 days of application. Above all, the field efficacies of 325 g/L Difenoconazole Azoxystrobin SC, 12% Difenoconazole Fluzoxamides SC, 25% Azoxystrobin SC, 38% Pyraclostrobin Boscalid WDG and 200 g/L Pydiflumetofen Difenoconazole SC against tobacco brown spot were much better, they could be used in the control of tobacco brown spot. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Petroleum Refinery Engineering is the property of Petroleum Refinery Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Agronomica Sinica is the property of Crop Science Society of China and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Petroleum Refinery Engineering is the property of Petroleum Refinery Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Agronomica Sinica is the property of Crop Science Society of China and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper, the virulence of Bordeaux mixture against Alternaria alternata was determined, and the effects of Bordeaux mixture on phyllosphere microbial community structure and metabolic function of healthy and diseased tobacco leaves were determined by high-throughput sequencing and Biolog metabolic phenotype technology. Results showed that Bordeaux mixture had a weak inhibitory activity against A. alternata with EC50 values for inhibiting mycelial growth and spore germination of 450.19 and 757.17 mg/L, respectively. The phyllosphere bacteria in both healthy and diseased tobacco were distributed in Proteobacteria (6.93% and 39.07%) and Firmicutes (16.45% and 0.65%), and the dominant bacterial genera were Kosakonia (3.46% and 22.38%) and Pseudomonas (0.22% and 5.95%). The phyllosphere fungi in both healthy and diseased tobacco were distributed in Ascomycota (63.82% and 93.74%) and Basidiomycota (6.82% and 2.53%), and the dominant fungal genera were Alternaria (36.48% and 84.52%), Symmetrospora (5.56% and 2.27%) and Cladosporium (14.87% and 6.66%). Bordeaux mixture at 1 500 g/hm² affected the community structure and metabolic function of phyllosphere bacteria and fungi in healthy and diseased tobacco. In the bacterial and fungal communities, the relative abundances of Kosakonia, Sphinomonas, and Lactobacillus decreased, while the relative abundances of 6 bacterial genera including Pseudomonas, Ralstonia increased after 5 days of treatment. The relative abundance of 6 fungal genera including Alternaria, Symmetrospora decreased, while the relative abundance of 10 fungal genera including Didymella, Metarhizium increased after 5 days of treatment. The effects of Bordeaux mixture on phyllosphere fungi and bacteria gradually decreased after 10 and 15 days of treatment. Twenty-nine carbon sources including carbohydrates, amino acids, carboxylic acids, amphiphiles, polymers, and amine/amino compounds could be efficiently metabolized by phyllosphere microorganisms of healthy and diseased tobacco leaves, but the metabolism of α-butyric acid was weak. The metabolic inhibition activity of Bordeaux mixture on phyllosphere microorganisms decreased gradually with the increase of time. The results of the study revealed the regularity of the effect of Bordeaux mixture on the microbes of tobacco leaves after different periods of application and provided a reference for understanding the ecological benefits of the fungicide in the effective period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Electronic Components & Materials is the property of Electronic Components & Materials and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Agronomica Sinica is the property of Crop Science Society of China and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Electronic Components & Materials is the property of Electronic Components & Materials and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Central China Normal University is the property of Huazhong Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Technology Economics is the property of Chinese Society of Technology Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science / Nongyaoxue Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Mine Automation is the property of Industry & Mine Automation Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Preventive Veterinary Medicine / Zhongguo Yufang Shouyi Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Preventive Veterinary Medicine Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shaanxi University of Science & Technology is the property of Journal of Shaanxi University of Science & Technology Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Functional Materials / Gongneng Cailiao is the property of Chongqing Functional Materials Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Preventive Veterinary Medicine / Zhongguo Yufang Shouyi Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Preventive Veterinary Medicine Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Functional Materials / Gongneng Cailiao is the property of Chongqing Functional Materials Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Current treatment of disc degeneration is limited to palliative care or active surgical intervention, but neither can it slow or reverse disease progression, nor is the long-term efficacy satisfactory. In recent years, with the continuous development of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, the use of cell therapy to repair degenerative intervertebral discs has attracted more and more researchers’ attention. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the current status of cell transplantation in the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration, and to provide theoretical basis and experimental basis for future research. METHODS: The relevant articles were retrieved from the CNKI, WanFang and PubMed databases by computer. The search time was set from January 2001 to January 2019. The keywords were “intervertebral disc degeneration, cell therapy, stem cells, cell transplantation” in Chinese and English, respectively. Articles related to stem cell treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration, especially focusing on the latest experimental and clinical research results, were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Degeneration of the intervertebral disc is mainly caused by the decreased vitality and quantity of nucleus pulposus cells, the reduction of proteoglycan synthesis, the dehydration of nucleus pulposus and the increase of metabolic waste. Continuous explorations on the therapeutic mechanism by which cell transplantation promotes nucleus pulposus regeneration cannot only provide a more detailed understanding of the pathogenesis and repair mechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration, but also give new strategies for the prevention and cell therapy of other related diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Laser Technology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Current studies have addressed the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) mostly from fresh human umbilical cord, but rarely from cryopreserved human umbilical cord. OBJECTIVE: To isolate MSCs from cryopreserved human umbilical cord, and to compare the biological characteristics of human umbilical cord MSCs (hUC-MSCs) harvested using several culture methods. METHODS: hUC-MSCs isolated from cryopreserved umbilical cord tissues by explants culture method were cultured in serum-containing and serum-free media. Cell morphology was observed to draw the growth curve of cells in different media. Passage 3 hUC-MSCs cultured in serum-free medium and passage 14 hUC-MSCs in serum-containing medium were selected to detect the expression of surface biomarkers by flow cytometry. Passage 3 cells in the serum-free medium were induced for adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation, and differentiation marker genes were identified by qPCR. Expression of cytokines in the passage 7 cells cultured in the serum-free medium and in the culture supernatant was detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The hUC-MSCs isolated from cryopreserved human umbilical cord exhibited a spindle-shaped appearance and exuberant growth, and moreover, the cells could be expanded in serum-free medium but the cell proliferation was certainly slower than that in the serum-containing medium. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that the hUC-MSCs were positive for CD73, CD90, CD103, but negative for CD45, CD34, CD14/CD11b, CD79a/CD19, and HLA-DR. Adipogenic (PPARγ), osteogenic (Osteonectin) and chondrogenic (Collagen II) biomarker genes were highly expressed at 14-28 days of induction. Passage 7 hUC-MSC and its supernatant secreted several cytokines including granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interferon α2, chemokine IP-10, interleukin 4, and interleukin-6. In conclusion, we could successfully isolate and expand hUC-MSCs from cryopreserved human umbilical cord tissuesBACKGROUND: Current studies have addressed the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) mostly from fresh human umbilical cord, but rarely from cryopreserved human umbilical cord. OBJECTIVE: To isolate MSCs from cryopreserved human umbilical cord, and to compare the biological characteristics of human umbilical cord MSCs (hUC-MSCs) harvested using several culture methods. METHODS: hUC-MSCs isolated from cryopreserved umbilical cord tissues by explants culture method were cultured in serum-containing and serum-free media. Cell morphology was observed to draw the growth curve of cells in different media. Passage 3 hUC-MSCs cultured in serum-free medium and passage 14 hUC-MSCs in serum-containing medium were selected to detect the expression of surface biomarkers by flow cytometry. Passage 3 cells in the serum-free medium were induced for adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation, and differentiation marker genes were identified by qPCR. Expression of cytokines in the passage 7 cells cultured in the serum-free medium and in the culture supernatant was detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The hUC-MSCs isolated from cryopreserved human umbilical cord exhibited a spindle-shaped appearance and exuberant growth, and moreover, the cells could be expanded in serum-free medium but the cell proliferation was certainly slower than that in the serum-containing medium. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that the hUC-MSCs were positive for CD73, CD90, CD103, but negative for CD45, CD34, CD14/CD11b, CD79a/CD19, and HLA-DR. Adipogenic (PPARγ), osteogenic (Osteonectin) and chondrogenic (Collagen II) biomarker genes were highly expressed at 14-28 days of induction. Passage 7 hUC-MSC and its supernatant secreted several cytokines including granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interferon α2, chemokine IP-10, interleukin 4, and interleukin-6. In conclusion, we could successfully isolate and expand hUC-MSCs from cryopreserved human umbilical cord tissues [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]