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Copyright of Electric Power Automation Equipment / Dianli Zidonghua Shebei is the property of Electric Power Automation Equipment Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications is the property of Beijing Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications Journal Co Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal Of Sichuan University (Natural Sciences Division) / Sichuan Daxue Xuebao-Ziran Kexueban is the property of Editorial Department of Journal of Sichuan University Natural Science Edition and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

With the increase in travel demand and car ownership, traffic congestion is becoming more and more serious. To alleviate traffic congestion, based on the user heterogeneity, this paper proposes to implement both toll and tradable credit scheme for the public-private partnership transportation network, i.e., tolling and charging tradable credits for the users who use the government-built public roads and BOT private roads, respectively. Based on the travelers' routing behavior under this mixed strategy, we build the variational inequality model of user equilibrium and market equilibrium. Then, according to the system optimal model, the mixed strategy set can be obtained that promotes the user equilibrium flow pattern to the system optimal flow pattern, and the upper bound of system efficiency loss under mixed strategy is also derived. Furthermore, we propose two bi-level programming models covering other objectives and obtain the optimal mixed strategy. Finally, a numerical experiment on a specific road network is conducted, which can obtain the specific amount of tradable credits and charging value for each public road and BOT private road respectively, and the total number of windows for that need to be set in the road network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A vertical product quality differentiation model consisting of monopolistic manufacturers and downstream oligarchic competitors was constructed. Based on this model, the changes in quality-innovating incentives and market equilibrium results were investigated before and after the downstream large-scale enterprises with high-quality products had market power.Research showed that when downstream enterprises at different quality levels all have no market power, the quality promotion of any party will stimulate the innovation enthusiasm of its competitors. When a downstream large-scale enterprise has market power and negotiates with an upstream manufacturer, the wholesale prices and the retail prices of the two downstream enterprises will decline with the increase of market power. At the same time, the wholesale prices, retail prices and market sales of the two downstream companies all depend on buyers’ market power while the sales and profitability of small-scale enterprises remain unchanged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the two retailers horizontally differentiated products assortment problem under market competition. We adopt multinominal logit (MNL) model to characterize the consumers' choice behavior and establish the basic model to obtain the optimal assortment decision under the market independent circumstance. Then we classify the competitive circumstance into four kinds of scenarios. In each of these scenarios, we study whether retailers enter the market sequentially affects the final results, and compare the results of independent and competitive circumstances. The conclusion shows that the degree of product variety in the competitive circumstance is no less than that of the independent circumstance. Some products which have two retailers' profit space is a necessary condition for retailers to choose common products. Some products which are not in the optimal assortment decision under the market independent circumstance could be profitable is a necessary condition for the competitive circumstance has more product variety. When retailers enter the market sequentially, information asymmetry does not affect the result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A general-purpose model associated with vertically differentiated two-sided markets is established based on an abstract function. Using the general-purpose model, the paper discusses the features of market equilibriums in both a monopoly and a duopoly markets, and explores strategic effects of price change in the duopoly market. The paper further studies the impact of the parameters of network externality and the variable of quality gap on equilibrium prices and profits under the assumption of uniform distribution of consumer preference. The following conclusions are obtained by using the general-purpose model. Firstly, a monopoly platform can coordinate the price structure of the two sides more effectively than duopoly platforms. Secondly, a positive feedback exists in competition between duopoly platforms. Thirdly, prices have strategic complementary effect in duopoly competition, and this effect is stronger on the downstream side than on the upstream side. Under the assumption of uniform distribution, the paper finds that the low-quality platform should take the strategy of "divide and conquer", while the high-quality platform should exert the strategy of "act according to circumstances". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Informal institutions, like traditions, customs and habits, play an important role in the process of socioeconomic development. In some cases, informal institutions even shape the formal institutions. As China’s special marriage customs, uxorilocality, exchange marriage, children marriage and raising daughter-in-law marriage are all informal institutional arrangements. They could save transaction costs, shorten proxy chains, and maintain a marriage market equilibrium, which are all important parts of the institution of marriage in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Efficient Market Theory (EMT) describes the capital market using linearity hypothesis, which regards the market as an equilibrium system or a periodical system turning around the equilibrium point. But the empirical test results don' t support both of them. Market is a complex and insuperposable system. Looking back on the complexity theories of capital market and the history of their developments, the principal approach to the study on the complexity of capital market is generalized at two aspects, i.e. , the fractal of capital market and the theory of chaos. Surveying the present situation of the study on the complexity of capital market at home and abroad, some focal points are found as the trend to the study, such as the complex network, complexity of higher-dimensional computation of financial data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]