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BACKGROUND: Stem cell therapy has become an emerging method of treating pathological scars. miRNAs are involved in scarring mechanisms, and the targeted action of some stem cell sources of miRNA is mediated by exosomes. OBJECTIVE: To review the biological properties of miRNA derived from mesenchymal stem cells and its derivatives, the mechanism of treatment of scarring through anti-inflammation, suppression of excessive tissue reconstruction and antioxidation. METHODS: The first author used a computer in September 2023 to retrieve the relevant literature published from January 2000 to September 2023, searching for “stem cell, exosome, miRNA, keloid” in English, and “stem cells, exosome, keloid” in Chinese, eventually incorporating 74 papers for analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) miRNAs with high expression of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells increase the proportion of M2-type macrophages by promoting the polarization of macrophages, target the regulation of transforming growth factor β, transforming growth factor β receptors or related signaling pathways, inhibit the expression of pro-inflammatory factors, promote the expression of anti-inflammatory factors and other mechanisms to inhibit inflammation and thus suppress scar lesions. (2) miRNAs with high expression of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells can reduce the secretion of matrix metalloproteinases, regulate the balance between matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors and matrix metalloproteinases, inhibit the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, directly reduce the production of collagen and other mechanisms, and ultimately lead to the normal degradation of extracellular matrix, thereby inhibiting excessive tissue remodeling and cicatricial lesions. (3) miRNAs with high expression of exosomes from mesenchymal stem cells can improve the resistance of scar fibroblasts to oxidative stress by regulating reactive oxygen species and hypoxia-inducing factors, and then regulate the proliferation and apoptosis of scar fibroblasts to inhibit scar lesions. (4) Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells have good prospects for scar treatment. Studies on this aspect can find mirnas that regulate inflammatory cells, inflammatory factors, signaling pathways, matrix metalloproteinases, fibroblasts, reactive oxygen species, hypoxia-inducing factors and other key factors from the three aspects of inflammation, tissue remodeling and oxidative stress. Then, by inducing mesenchymal stem cells with high expression of the above miRNA, exosomes were extracted, and finally verified and clinical trials were carried out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis is a common chronic inflammation of joints caused by degenerative changes of articular cartilage. More and more studies have shown that mechanical stress is closely related to the development of osteoarthritis. The Hippo pathway is not only involved in the development of tissue cells, but also an effecting factor of mechanical stress, which is involved in the regulation of bone metabolism and cartilage metabolism. OBJECTIVE: Regulation of the Hippo pathway may become one of the new targets for intervention in osteoarthritis. Therefore, this paper reviewed the research on the effect of mechanical stress regulation of the Hippo pathway on osteoarthritis to provide ideas for the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis and provide a new theoretical basis for the treatment of osteoarthritis. METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, VIP, and WanFang databases were used for a literature search for articles published from inception to 2023 concerning the influence of mechanical stress on osteoarthritis and mechanical stress, Hippo pathway, and osteoarthritis. A total of 75 articles were finally reviewed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Different mechanical stresses may play different roles in cell proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation, osteoarthritis inflammation, and vascular homeostasis in osteoarthritis. (2) Hard extracellular matrix, low cell density, medium shear force, medium tensile force, and compression force can achieve cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and vascular homeostasis, and inhibit inflammatory response by activating YAP/TAZ. (3) Soft extracellular matrix, high cell density, excessive shear force, excessive tensile force, and compressive force inhibit cell proliferation, enhance cartilage differentiation, disrupt vascular homeostasis, and promote inflammation through inactivation of YAP/TAZ, thus promoting the process of osteoarthritis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: With the continuous improvement and progress of artificial intelligence technology in the treatment of spinal deformity, a large number of studies have been invested in this field, but the main research status, hot spots and development trends are still unclear. OBJECTIVE: To visually analyze the literature related to artificial intelligence in the field of spinal deformities by using bibliometrics, identify the research hotspots and shortcomings in this field, and provide references for future research. METHODS: The core database of Web of Science was used to search the articles related to artificial intelligence in the field of spinal deformities published from inception to 2023. The data were visually analyzed by Citespace 5.6.R5 and VOSviewer 1.6.19. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) A total of 165 papers were included, and the number of papers published in this field showed a fluctuating upward trend. The author with the largest number of articles is Lafage V, and the country with the largest number of articles is China. (2) Keyword analysis results show that adolescent scoliosis, deep learning, classification, precision and robot are the main keywords. (3) The in-depth analysis results of co-cited and highly cited articles show that artificial intelligence has three hotspots in the field of spinal deformities, including the use of U-shaped architecture (a mature mode of deep learning convolutional neural networks) to automatically measure imaging parameters (Cobb angle and accurate segmentation of paraspinal muscles), multiview correlation network architecture (i.e., spine curvature assessment framework), and robot-guided spinal surgery. (4) In the field of artificial intelligence treatment of spinal malformations, the mechanism research such as genomics is very weak. In the future, unsupervised hierarchical clustering and other machine learning techniques can be used to study the basic mechanism of susceptibility genes in the field of spinal deformities by genome-wide association analysis and other genomics research methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of osteoporosis is complex, and its essence is the weakening of bone formation and the enhancement of bone absorption caused by various reasons, resulting in the imbalance of bone metabolism. In recent years, N6-methyladenosine has been found (N6-methyladenosine, m6A) methylation can prevent and treat osteoporosis by regulating bone metabolism. OBJECTIVE: Taking the regulation of bone metabolism by m6A methylation as an entry point, to systematically sort out and summarize the research progress of m6A methylation in osteoporosis, so as to provide certain theoretical reference bases for the search of new therapeutic targets for osteoporosis. METHODS: CNKI, WanFang, VIP, PubMed, MEDLINE, Nature, and Cochrane databases were retrieved for relevant literature published from database inception to 2023. The keywords were “osteoporosis, m6A methylation, bone metabolism, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts” in Chinese and English. Duplicates and obsolete non-referenced documents were excluded, and a total of 73 standard papers were included for further review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: m6A methylation can affect the activity and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts through various pathways to regulate bone metabolism and prevent osteoporosis. The regulatory process of m6A methylation is extremely complex, and its related proteins play different roles in different cells. Even in the same kind of cells, the same type of proteins may have radically different roles, regulating different physiological and pathological processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: The effect of post-activation potentiation on sports performance is characterized by increased muscle mobility and increased rate of muscle force generation. In this paper, Meta-analysis is used to quantitatively evaluate the effects of post-activation potentiation on sprint speed, jumping performance, and kinetic parameters (peak impulse, peak power, maximum ground reaction force, rate of force generation, etc.) after activation of relative strength levels in the lower limbs. METHODS: Electronic databases such as CNKI, WanFang, Web of Science, PubMed, and Medline were retrieved for randomized control, random crossover, or clear grouping according to the relative strength levels of the lower limbs (non-randomized controls) on the post-activation potentiation effect after activation induced by the relative strength level of the lower limbs. Free weight equipment and rapid telescopic compound exercises were used as main intervention methods in each group. The publication time of the literature was from the inception of each database until August 5, 2023. Endnote software was used to manage the literature. Literature quality assessment was conducted using the PEDro scale for randomized controlled trials and ROBINS-I 2.0 standards for nonrandomized controlled trials. Revman5.4 and Stata15.0 software were used to conduct publication bias evaluation, subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis of the extracted data, and forest plots were produced for Meta-analysis. RESULTS: Eleven documents (seven randomized controlled trials and four non-randomized controlled trials) were finally included, including 216 subjects. Overall, the methodological quality of the literature was high. According to the grouping standard of 1-repetition maximum/body mass > 2 for the strong group and 1-repetition maximum/body mass ≤ 2 for the normal group, there were 99 subjects in the strong group and 117 subjects in the normal group, all of whom were male. The positive effect of post-activation potentiation on sprint performance in the strong group was significantly higher than that in the normal group [standardized mean difference (SMD)=-1.34, 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.74 to -0.93, P < 0.000 01]; the positive effect of post-activation potentiation on vertical jump height showed no significant difference between the strong and normal group (SMD=0.30, 95% CI: -0.07 to 0.66, P=0.11); the positive effect of post-activation potentiation showed no significant difference between the strong and normal groups in terms of peak impulse (SMD=-0.07, 95% CI:-0.62 to 0.47, P=0.61], peak power (SMD=0.21, 95% CI:-0.29 to 0.72, P=0.12), maximum ground reaction force (SMD=0.31, 95% CI: -0.20 to 0.81, P=0.16) and force generation rate (SMD=0.36, 95% CI: -0.11 to 0.82, P=0.39). CONCLUSION: The post-activation potentiation effect in the strong group can significantly increase the short-distance sprint speed. The potentiation effect after activation of the relative strength level of the lower limbs has similar effects on the kinematic and kinetic parameters, including explosive vertical jump height, peak impulse, peak power, maximum ground reaction force and force generation rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphene films,as a two-dimensional material,are excellent lubricants for improving the tribomechanical properties of micro/nano electro-mechanical systems ( MEMS/NEMS) . In order to investigate the influence of substrate material and graphene layer number on its friction reduction performance,this paper investigates the influence of graphene layer number on the friction reduction effect by preparing graphene coatings with different layer numbers on different substrates and using a combination of atomic force microscopy ( AFM) experiments and molecular dynamics ( MD) simulations. And by establishing the analytical model of the friction performance of graphene coatings with different layer numbers,it was investigated that the interlayer slip of graphene is the main factor to produce the wear reduction. The results show that the graphene coating has excellent wear reduction effect on both silicon substrate and copper substrate under different loads,and the friction decreases gradually with the increase of the number of graphene layers,and reaches the optimal 99. 3% wear reduction effect when the number of graphene layers is more than 10. The simulation analysis reveals that as the number of layers increases,the dry friction between graphene and substrate transforms into interlayer friction of graphene and generates interlayer shear slip,and the interlayer slip of graphene is the main factor leading to the excellent wear reduction performance of multilayer graphene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thedimension,structure and surface chemistry of nanochannels have great impact on the distribution structure and transport properties of the confined solutions. In this paper,a graphene prismatic nanochannel is proposed and investigated. This idealized channel is similar to the nanoporous structure of metal-organic framework material ( MOF), which has been widely studied recently,and has a completely different internal structure from the conventional carbon nanotubes. In this paper,the properties of KCl solution inside graphene prismatic nanochannel with different sizes are studied by molecular dynamics simulation,and then are compared with single-walled carbon nanotubes with the similar size. The results show that there are several high density areas inside the small channel ( ＜ 20 Å ),which is a tendency of crystallization. The results of this study will promote the structural design of MOF and the desire to achieve the nanochannel with high selectivity and high transport rate similar to biological ion channels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pyrrole molecules are important organic semiconductor materials,they are suitable for many fields such as microelectronics and optoelectronics,and have successfully led a new technological revolution. The paper is based on density functional theory,the B3LYP/6-311 + + g (d,p) method is used to study the change laws of the physical properties of pyrrole molecules under the action of electric field strength of 0-0. 03 a. u.. It is found that with the increase of the electric field,the molecule is gradually compressed along the x-axis direction,the dipole moment of the molecule decreases,and the total energy decreases. The highest occupied molecular orbitals energy of the molecule remains unchanged,the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy is continuously decreased. As a result,the energy band gap of the molecule is continuously reduced,and the stability of the energy band gap cannot be guaranteed,thereby the service life of the semiconductor material is reduced.Through the time dependent density functional calculation,it can be concluded that under different electric fields two ultraviolet absorption peaks appear in pyrrole molecules,in which the π-π* transition of the two C = C double bonds accounts for the main contribution. But with the increase of the electric field strength,its proportion in the transition becomes smaller and smaller. It is investigated that under the electric field of 0. 02 a. u.,the ultraviolet absorption peaks are mainly determined by the 6th,11th,13th and 15th excited states. These provide a good theoretical basis for better research and design of semiconductor materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two-dimensional semiconductor materials with natural bandgap are expected to make up for the zero bandgap defect of graphene and break the bottleneck of its application in fields such as field effect transistors,switching devices,logic circuits. Compared with layered semiconductor materials,non-layered semiconductor materials are usually bound by strong ionic/covalent bonds and are isotropic,so it is a challenge to obtain their two-dimensional structures. In this paper,two-dimensional anisotropic growth of nonlayered CdSe on mica substrate was achieved by chemical vapor deposition. The microstructure,crystalline structure and optical properties of two-dimensional CdSe were characterized in detail. The results show that the sample has a significant photoluminescence ( PL) effect,indicating that the thickness thinning to nanometer level does not destroy the direct bandgap property of CdSe. In addition,with the decrease of thickness,PL peaks of the sample are gradually blue-shifted. In order to further explain this phenomenon,the energy band structures of CdSe with different thickness were studied using the first-principles caculation based on density functional theory. The results show that they all have direct bandgap,and the bandgap increases with the decreasing thickness,which is consistent with the experimental phenomenon. Therefore,the effective control of the bandgap can be achieved by adjusting the thickness of two-dimensional CdSe through the growth parameters,which has guiding significance for the performance improvement of related optoelectronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Atomic & Molecular Physics (1000-0364) is the property of Journal of Atomic & Molecular Physics Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Based on diffusion kinetics and cell signal transduction kinetics,we studied the cell cycle arrest characteristics of small drug molecules. The theoretical model takes into account the dynamic characteristics of the transport of small drug molecules across the cell membrane and the blocking effect of drug molecules entering the cell on the cell cycle. We found that the drug molecules crossing the inner layer of the cell membrane and entering the cells will largely determine the blocking effect of drug molecules on related targeted genes and proteins.The transport characteristics of cell membrane to drug molecules are the key factors that affect drug molecules to block cell cycle. In addition,the degree of degradation of drug molecules will change the interaction time between drug molecules and targeted genes and proteins,thereby changing the inhibitory effect on the growth and proliferation of related cells. By the sensitivity analysis of the parameters in the model,we confirmed the inhibitory effect of many factors in the process of drug molecules passing through the cell membrane and entering the cell on the cell cycle. The theoretical results in this paper are consistent with the simulation and experimental observation,which further reveals the physical mechanism of drug small molecules blocking cell cycle,and can provide necessary references and new solutions for designing precise therapeutic drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, by means of density functional theory (DFT), the dehydrogenation of NH3BH3 catalyzed by the Ga-N co-doped cobalt phosphide (CoP) catalyzer were calculated and studied.Herein, four possible reaction paths were designed and the energies of the transition states in each path were calculated which can come to a conclusion that pathⅡis the optimal reaction path through the research results, providing a certain theoretical basis for the co-doped CoP catalytic dehydrogenation of NH3BH3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Ischemic stroke is a highly prevalent disease associated with apoptosis. Neuronal death occurs after cerebral ischemia, including necrosis and apoptosis. The ischemic core region is dominated by necrosis, while delayed neuronal death in the penumbra is dominated by apoptosis. The penumbra has become a target for the treatment of ischemic stroke. This bibliometric analysis was used to identify the characteristics, hotspots, and frontiers of global scientific output related to apoptosis in ischemic stroke over the past 5 years. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the role of apoptosis and its mechanisms in the pathological process of ischemic stroke through a bibliometric approach. METHODS: A total of 927 relevant literature records from 2018 to 2022 were retrieved from Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-Expanded) and Social Science Citation Index Expanded (SSCI-Expanded) of the Web of Science Core Collection. Research trends and hotspots of apoptosis in ischemic stroke were visualized using Citespace, VOSviewer and Bibliometrix. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: From 2018 to 2020, the number of papers on the role of apoptosis in ischemic stroke showed an upward trend, but in 2020, the number of papers began to reduce. China had the largest number of publications, and the United States ranked the second. Capital Medical University and BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN were the institutions and journals with the most articles, respectively. In recent years, the two keywords “expression” and “oxidative stress” have appeared more frequently. The bibliometric study showed that in the past 5 years, most of the studies focused on basic research, in which research on the role of apoptosis in ischemic stroke has gradually decreased in the last 3 years, showing a downward trend. On the contrary, nerve regeneration has gradually become a research hotspot, especially the regulation of neurotrophic factors under the influence of different mechanisms, and the research on angiogenesis and glial cell repair is on the rise. At the same time, apoptosis in nerve regeneration is a potential point of discovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Heart rate variability biofeedback is a respiratory training method that uses slow and deep breathing at the resonant frequency to induce rhythmic, high-amplitude oscillations in the cardiovascular system, thereby stimulating and exercising the autonomic and baroreflex. However, current studies have not systematically reviewed how heart rate variability biofeedback modulates the autonomic function and produces effects. There is a lack of public understanding of the mechanism of heart rate variability biofeedback, and its application progress and scheme are not fully understood. OBJECTIVE: To review the existing experimental studies on the effects of heart rate variability biofeedback on symptoms in different populations at home and abroad and to introduce the mechanisms and advances in the application of heart rate variability biofeedback to modulate the autonomic nervous system. METHODS: “Heart rate variability biofeedback, resonance breathing, heart rate variability, autonomic nerve, breathing training, chronic diseases, mental illness, biofeedback” were used as Chinese or English keywords to search in CNKI, WanFang Database, PubMed, and Web of Science. A total of 72 core related papers were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The body’s oscillation system and resonance system are essential for the effectiveness of heart rate variability biofeedback. Oscillations reflect the response to external stimuli and self-regulating reflex systems, while resonances involve synchronous oscillations that result in higher amplitude operations. The balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves is crucial for maintaining a stable internal environment. Autonomic nervous system disorders are associated with reduced heart rate variability and are closely linked to the progression of related diseases. Heart rate variability biofeedback utilizes the resonance characteristics of the cardiovascular system, inducing rhythmic high-amplitude oscillations by employing deep slow breathing at the resonance frequency. This method improves the regulatory function of the sympathetic and parasympathetic system reflexes and enhances the balance regulation between the two systems. Two major mechanisms of cardiovascular system resonance are the baroreflex closed-loop pathway and respiratory sinus arrhythmia. These mechanisms, along with the unique delay of baroreflex, result in a 0° phase angle oscillation between heart rate and respiration and a 180° phase angle oscillation between blood pressure and respiration during breathing at the resonant frequency rhythm. Periodically stimulating the human cardiovascular oscillation system through this method is an easy-to-operate and effective training approach. Currently, heart rate variability biofeedback is mainly applied in the fields of mental illness, chronic disease, and sports. However, the intervention mechanism and efficacy are unclear, the intervention content, frequency and duration are varied, and there are limited review studies on the intervention methods tailored to different types of individuals. As a non-drug and non-invasive intervention, heart rate variability biofeedback can significantly increase heart rate variability, regulate the balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves, and improve the stability and adaptability of the autonomic nervous system. In the future, it is suggested to investigate the mechanisms and potential applications of the pathways of the heart rate variability biofeedback that induce cardiovascular resonance. It is also recommended to incorporate long-term follow-ups to assess the sustained value of heart rate variability biofeedback in various fields. This would provide new directions and strategies for the comprehensive treatment of complex diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

(1) Background——China is the world’s largest consumer and largest exporter of wood-based panels. As the largest consumer of wood-based panels, does China’s super-large domestic market promote export trade? How to rely on the super-large domestic market to promote export trade? The home market effect test can answer whether the domestic market has a promoting effect on export trade, and the home market effect theory can also explain the reasons of the home market effect and explore the paths for China’s wood-based panels to play the advantage of the super-large domestic market and promote export trade. (2) Methods——Taking the home market effect as the theoretical perspective, this paper constructed the home market effect model of China’s wood-based panels export trade based on the trade gravity model. The research data mainly came from FAOSTAT database, UN Comtrade database, WDI database, CEPII database and EIA website. Based on the panel data of China and 48 export trading partners from 1995 to 2020, this paper analyzed whether there were home market effect, period differences and market differences in China’s wood-based panels export trade, and discussed the influence of traditional factor endowments. (3) Results——During the period from 1995 to 2020, there were both home market effects caused by relative demand scale and home market effects caused by relative demand level in China’s wood-based panels. The scale economy effect was the root cause of the home market effect of China’s wood-based panels, the agglomeration economy effect played an important role, and the improvement of product quality and technological innovation effectively promoted the home market effect. The driving force of China’s wood-based panel exports was constantly evolving. The domestic market was the basic driving force, it showed the transformation from the domestic demand scale to the domestic demand level, and had the characteristics of export orientation, and was significantly affected by the scale and level of demand in the trade market. In trade markets with different income levels, there were differences in home market effect. The product quality played a key role, and improving the product quality was conducive to exerting the home market effect caused by the relative demand level. In terms of traditional factor endowments, China’s wood-based panels export was greatly affected by labor endowments and negatively affected by capital endowments, but it was less affected by forest resources endowments. However, with the aging of population and the rise of labor costs in China, the low-cost advantage based on labor endowments was constantly being lost, and China’s wood-based panels need to gradually transform and upgrade from the low-price competition model of quantity expansion to the high quality development model of high added value and high product quality. (4) Conclusions and Discussions——In order to give full play to the home market effect, cope with the changes in the international market and realize the mutual promotion of the domestic and international double cycles, the following policy recommendations are put forward: First, stick to the strategy of expanding domestic demand, build a strong domestic market from the scale and level of demand, and strengthen the advantages of the super-large domestic market. Second, accelerate supply-side reform, continue to eliminate backward production capacity, increase the scale of single-line production, encourage mergers and restructuring, focus on supporting large enterprises, and give full play to the effects of economies of scale. Third, actively carry out the construction of industrial parks, encourage various forms of collaboration, share resources, knowledge, technology and management experience, and give play to the industrial agglomeration effect. Fourth, continue to improve product quality and implement branding strategy. Fifth, continue to strengthen technological innovation, and vigorously popularize and apply advanced equipment and technology. Sixth, attract and promote more capital to enter the industry and promote industrial transformation and upgrading. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1)Background——The evaluation of human capital can provide a scientific basis for improving the level of human capital in the state-owned forest farms, ensure the smooth transformation of the workers’ livelihood, and minimize the impact of the implementation of the policy on the life of the workers’ families. (2) Methods——The research data came from the monitoring survey of people’s livelihood in the key state-owned forest areas in Northeast China carried out by the College of Economics and Management of Northeast Forestry University, and the valid sample number was 243 households. This paper firstly established the evaluation indicators system of human capital of the state-owned forest farms in Northeast China by using fuzzy matter-element method, then analyzed the past human capital status and existing problems of the state-owned forest farms in Northeast China through these standardized and systematic quantitative indicators, and finally put forward some relevant policy suggestions. (3) Results——Although the comprehensive evaluation level of human capital of Suiling and Youhao Forestry Bureau Co., Ltd. did not change from 2019 to 2020,there were some differences in the specific values of evaluation indicators. In 2020,the specific evaluation indicator value of Suiling Forestry Bureau Co., Ltd. increased by 0.0682,while the specific evaluation indicator value of Youhao Forestry Bureau Co., Ltd. decreased by 0.0034.The occurrence of data fluctuation was more likely to be caused by the randomness of sample household selection. The comprehensive evaluation level of human capital of Qinghe and Wumahe Forestry Bureau Co., Ltd. changed. The comprehensive evaluation level of human capital of Qinghe Forestry Bureau Co., Ltd. changed from good to excellent, and the comprehensive evaluation level of human capital of Wumahe Forestry Bureau Co., Ltd. changed from medium to poor. This was largely the result of disastrous household health expenditures and vocational skills training. Therefore, improving the level of human capital should focus more on the health and education of the workers. (4) Conclusions and Discussions——Human capital is one of the most important input factors of economic production, which directly participates in the process of economic production. Generally speaking, a higher level of education can enhance the ability of workers to innovate and start businesses, optimize the structure of the labor forces, improve the quality of human capital, improve labor productivity, create economic value, and then meet the needs of social development. Human capital has economic value, and the production capacity contained in it shows a trend of multiplication and expansion. Human capital can greatly affect the research and development and application of technology, improve the productivity of labor and material capital, promote the quality change, efficiency change and power change of economic development, and increase production income. Therefore, it is very important to solve the problems of the formation, development and accumulation of human capital to realize the sustainable livelihood of the workers of the state-owned forest areas in Northeast China. So the government should improve the existing relevant systems conducive to the accumulation of human capital, such as education, health care, social security and other systems, on the basis of making full use of the stock of human capital, accelerate the accumulation of human capital increment, and at the same time improve the quality of human capital. On the stock of human capital, we should control the loss of human capital in forestry. On the increment of human capital, we should perfect the introduction mechanism of talents in order to attract talents better. On the quality of human capital, we should take the three-dimensional vocational training network as the main force to strengthen the skills training of the workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1)Background——Nowadays, the problem of global warming is becoming increasingly serious, and energy conservation and emission reduction are imperative. Forestry is an important basic industry of national economy, and forestry enterprises play an important role in promoting economic and social development and protecting ecological environment. Carbon accounting information disclosure can meet the needs of stakeholders for information acquisition, enhance the trust of investors in enterprises, improve the market valuation of enterprises, and promote the sustainable development of enterprises. At present, there are relatively few studies on the correlation between the quality of carbon accounting information disclosure and forestry enterprises value. (2) Methods——On the basis of theoretical analysis, this paper put forward the research hypotheses. The enterprises value was selected as the dependent variable, the quality of carbon accounting information disclosure was selected as the independent variable. Based on the unbalanced panel data of 80 listed forestry companies in China from 2013 to 2022,this paper discussed the relationship between the quality of carbon accounting information disclosure and the value of the listed forestry companies through empirical analysis, and identified the influencing factors of the quality of carbon accounting information disclosure. (3) Results——First, according to the descriptive statistical analysis, the quality of carbon accounting information disclosure of the listed forestry companies in China is different, and there is still a lack of disclosure awareness. Second, according to the correlation analysis, the correlation coefficients between the two variables are less than 0. 8,indicating that there is no serious multicollinearity. Third, according to the multiple linear regression analysis, the quality of carbon accounting information disclosure has a significant positive impact on the value of the forestry enterprises, and the enterprise scale has a significant positive relationship with the quality of carbon accounting information disclosure. Compared with the non-state-owned forestry enterprises, the quality of carbon accounting information disclosure of the state-owned forestry enterprises is higher. Fourth, according to the robustness test, the above empirical results have been further confirmed. (4) Conclusions and Discussions——Based on the above analysis, the following conclusions can be drawn: First, the quality of carbon accounting information disclosed by the listed forestry companies is quite different, and the overall quality is not high. Second. The higher the quality of carbon accounting information disclosed by the listed forestry companies, the higher the enterprise value will be. Third, there is also a significant positive correlation between the quality of carbon accounting information disclosure of the listed forestry companies and the enterprises scale and the nature of the actual controllers. Based on the above conclusions, the following policy suggestions are put forward: First, forestry enterprise managers should attach great importance to the disclosure of carbon accounting information, and strive to improve the quality of carbon accounting information disclosure from five aspects: carbon emission disclosure, carbon emission reduction performance, carbon information disclosure carriers, carbon emission reduction management, carbon emission supervision and certification disclosure, so as to continuously improve the enterprise value. Second, the government departments and regulatory agencies should further improve laws and regulations related to carbon accounting information disclosure, formulate disclosure standards suitable for China’s national conditions, and continuously strengthen supervision and punishment of forestry enterprises, so as to help the forestry enterprises achieve sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Background——Driven by the “double carbon” policy, forestry development has ushered in new opportunities. The pledge financing of the expected revenue rights of forestry carbon sinks broadens the financing paths of forest operators. It is of great significance to transform the ecological value of forestry carbon sinks into economic value for the sustainable development of forestry and the realization of carbon neutrality. (2) Methods——Taking the forest quality and pledge rate of financial institutions as the key variables, this paper established the management decision model of forest operators and financial institutions under the expected revenue rights pledge financing, and combined with the relevant data of the actual cases, the numerical simulation method and Matlab software were used to analyze the optimal strategies of both sides of the loan. (3) Results——In terms of forest quality, the fluctuation risk of forestry carbon sinks output and the increase of forest scale are not conducive to the improvement of forest quality, while the increase of carbon sinks market price and financing subsidies are conducive to the improvement of forest quality. In terms of the pledge rate of financial institutions, the increase of the fluctuation risk of forestry carbon sinks output and the increase of forest area under large forest scale will inhibit the improvement of the pledge rate, thus aggravating the financing difficulties of forest operators, while the increase of carbon sinks market price, financing subsidies and the forest area under small forest scale will promote the improvement of the pledge rate. In terms of forestry profits, the increase of fluctuation risk of forestry carbon sinks output will reduce forestry profits, while the increase of carbon sinks price, financing subsidies and forest scale will help increase the revenue of forest operators. In terms of the effectiveness of the expected revenue rights of forestry carbon sinks on the improvement of forest quality, compared with sufficient funds, when the fluctuation risk of output is moderate, the forest scale is moderate and the price of carbon sinks is low, pledge financing is more conducive to improving the management enthusiasm of forest operators, and thus improve forest quality. When the fluctuation risk of output is too high or too low, the forest scale is too large or too small, and the carbon sinks market price is high, the forest operators with sufficient funds have a higher willingness to improve the forest quality. (4) Conclusions and Discussions——When implementing the pledge financing of forestry carbon sinks revenue rights, the following policy suggestions are put forward in order to achieve high-quality development of forests and alleviate the financing difficulties of forest operators: First, strengthen the monitoring of forestry carbon sinks projects. The operation status of carbon sinks forests should be monitored regularly in order to detect the hidden risks in time, so as to reduce the uncertain risks of the output of carbon sinks. Second, establish a control mechanism of carbon sinks price. On one hand, starting from the demand side of carbon sinks, the price of carbon sinks should be increased through multiple channels, such as encouraging large and medium-sized activities such as conferences, forums and performances to prioritize the purchase of forestry carbon sinks to offset carbon emissions and achieve carbon neutrality. On the other hand, we should be alert to the high price of carbon sinks leading to high emission reduction costs for the main bodies of social economy. Third, the government should introduce a special loan subsidy policy for the pledge financing of forestry carbon sinks. Fourth, the government should guide the forest operators to carry out forest management by providing technical support and training so as to accurately increase the carbon sinks under the moderate scale of operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Background——With the acceleration of urbanization and the in-depth implementation of sustainable development, China’s urban landscaping construction has reached an unprecedented level in scale and speed. While the area of urban landscaping continues to expand and the quality continues to improve, the amount of landscaping waste such as pruning, fallen leaves and grass clippings generated in maintenance and management is also increasing. Scientific and effective disposal and utilization of urban landscaping waste and promotion of landscaping waste recycling are of great practical significance for further promoting the comprehensive and effective implementation of garbage classification and the ecological, green and low-carbon development of the cities. (2) Methods——Based on the analysis of the externality of landscaping waste, this paper discusses the ways to reuse landscaping waste using PPP application mode, in order to reduce its negative externality and correct its positive externality. According to the operation cycle, the urban landscaping waste recycling is divided into the early, middle and late stages of the PPP mode. In the process of applying the PPP mode to the disposal of urban landscaping waste, it needs to be gradually integrated into every link of landscaping waste disposal, and finally form an industrial system of urban landscaping waste disposal dominated by the PPP mode and operated by the market mechanism. (3) Results——There are negative externalities in traditional urban landscaping waste disposal. The original negative externalities are modified to positive externalities by changing the disposal methods of urban landscaping waste. The modified method of urban landscaping waste disposal is carried out through PPP mode, and is analyzed and promoted through three stages of the pre-implementation, mid-implementation and post-implementation stages. In this paper, the application of PPP mode to the disposal process of urban landscaping waste is divided into three stages, and the specific operation mode of each stage is designed: In the early stage, it is the construction-introduction-management mode, in which the government is dominant and the role played by enterprises has certain limitations. In the middle stage, it is the transition-cooperation-expansion mode, in which the market gradually improves and capital gradually flows in, enterprises play an increasingly large role, and the dominant position of the government gradually weakens. In the later stage, it is an all-round cooperation-large-scale operation-industrialization development mode, in which the market mechanism is basically perfect, enterprises occupy the dominant position, and the government gradually fades out of the market. Finally, it gradually establishes an industrial system of the urban landscaping waste recycling dominated by the PPP mode, with perfect market-oriented operation mechanism and sound industrial chain. (4) Conclusions and Discussions——The PPP operation mode can not only solve the externalities brought by urban landscaping waste disposal, but also bring economic, social and ecological effects. In order to improve the recycling efficiency of urban landscaping waste and establish a green and low-carbon production mode, this paper puts forward the following policy suggestions: First, stimulate the enthusiasm of the government and enterprises in promoting the deep integration of the PPP mode and the urban landscaping waste recycling industry. Second, improve the contract terms and relevant laws and regulations for the PPP projects of the urban landscaping waste recycling. Third, increase public participation in PPP projects for the urban landscaping waste recycling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1)Background——Since the Healthy China Strategy was put forward, the big health industry has developed rapidly, including the forest health care tourism industry. Fully understanding the tourism demands of tourists for forest health care, determining the core elements of forest health care tourism development in forest parks, and effectively meeting the tourism demands of tourists are of great significance for improving forest tourism service quality and promoting the development of forest health care tourism industry. (2) Methods——Based on the attractive quality theory, this paper firstly constructed the demand element system of forest health care tourism, which consisted of 23 demand elements in 4 dimensions, such as natural environment, supporting facilities, service items and human environment. Then, the Kano model was used to classify the tourists’ demands for forest health care tourism, and the Better-Worse coefficient method was further used to determine the priority of the tourists’ demands for forest health care tourism. The research data came from 430 questionnaires taken by the tourists to the Darong Mountain National Forest Park in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Finally, the paper put forward some policy suggestions to improve the tourism demands of tourists for forest health care. (3) Results——According to the Kano model, the tourists’ demands for forest health care tourism in national forest parks can be divided into four types, including 5 essential demands, 7 expected demands, 6 attractive demands and 5 undifferentiated demands. Five demands, including climate temperature, forest coverage, air quality, health and safety, are the essential demands. Seven demands, including accommodation, catering, shopping, transportation, leisure and entertainment, personnel services and sightseeing routes, belong to the expected demands. Six demands, including health care, parent-child education, culture and art, sports wellness, rehabilitation and medical emergency, are the attractive demands. Five demands, including water quality, guidance and interpretation, cultural atmosphere, popularity and consumption level, belong to the undifferentiated demands. According to the Better-Worse satisfaction index analysis method, the Better and Worse values of 23 demand factors are calculated, and the quadrants are established. The priority order is IV>I>II>III. Quadrant IV corresponds to the essential demands, which must first be met. Secondly, it is necessary to fully meet the expected demands of tourists in quadrant I for forest health care tourism. Then, pay attention to the attractive demands of tourists in the second quadrant for forest health care tourism. Finally, the undifferentiated demands of tourists in quadrant III for forest health care tourism can be temporarily ignored. However, after fully meeting the essential demands, expected demands and attractive demands of tourists, the undifferentiated demands should be improved to facilitate their transformation. (4) Conclusions and Discussions——Based on the above research conclusions, the following policy recommendations are put forward: First, meet the essential demands of tourists and lay the service foundation of forest health care tourism. Second, improve the tourists’ expected demands and service quality. Third, enhance the tourists’ attractive demands and innovate the service projects. Fourth, pay attention to the undifferentiated demands of the tourists and promote the transformation of the demands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Background——Pro-environmental behavior is an important way to realize harmonious co-existence between human and nature. Forest is the ecosystem with the largest land area and the most complete functions. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to explore the relationship between the public perception of forest ecosystem services and their pro-environmental behaviors. (2) Methods——The research data came from 474 valid questionnaires obtained by the research group in April 2023. First, this paper proposed some research hypotheses based on the Self-regulation Attitude Theory and the Cognition-Affection-Attitude-Intention (CAAI) model. Then, the structural equation model was used to explore the relationships between public perception of forest ecosystem services and pro-environmental behavior. Finally, bootstrap analysis was used to test whether the mediating effects of environmental emotion and environmental commitment were significant. (3) Results——The exploratory factor analysis showed that the public perception of forest ecosystem services included 10 measurement items in three dimensions: regulatory services, supply services and cultural services. The standardized parameter estimation results of the structural equation model showed that the public perception of supply services, regulatory services and cultural services of forest ecosystem all had a direct and positive impact on the environmental emotion (β=0. 212, p≤0. 01; β=0. 281, p≤0. 001; β=0. 205, p≤0. 01), and it further confirmed that the individual cognition of the environment was an important prerequisite for emotional arousal. In the relationship between the public perception of forest ecosystem services and the environmental commitment, only the perception of cultural services can directly and positively affect the environmental commitment (β=0. 168, p≤0. 05). The environmental emotion had a significant positive impact on the environmental commitment (β=0. 664, p≤0. 05), which was in line with the relational commitment theory. Moreover, the public pro-environmental behavior was significantly positively affected by the environmental emotion and environmental commitment (β=0. 330, p≤0. 001; β=0. 529, p≤0. 001),in which the environmental commitment had a greater impact on the pro-environmental behaviors, which further expands the research on the internal formation mechanism of the pro-environmental behaviors. The bootstrap test showed that the environmental emotion and environmental commitment played a key mediating role in the process of the impact of the public perception of forest ecosystem services on their pro-environmental behaviors. (4) Conclusions and Discussions——Based on the above research conclusions, the following policy suggestions are put forward: First, on the basis of implementing sustainable forest management and improving the supply quality and efficiency of forest ecosystem services, the government should popularize the value of forest ecosystem services, focus on the aesthetic and health benefits of cultural services. Second, the public media should make full use of real cases to show the negative impact caused by environmental damages, so as to stimulate the public emotional resonance for the natural environment. From the perspective of urban forest construction, the city managers should actively build more parks and community gardens so as to further enhance the public emotional identification with forests. Third, reduce the psychological and physical barriers of the public to change life habits through the establishment of social incentive mechanism and the construction of convenient and comfortable public transportation system and other measures, so as to promote the public pro-environmental behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modeling the gravitational field of irregular celestial bodies is a common problem currently faced by the researchers in the fields of Earth science and deep space exploration. This paper reviews the developmental history of gravitational field modeling theory in these two fields. It summarizes research progress in the last decade, focusing on multipole expansion and potential-flow simulation theories. The gravitational field multipole expansion theory introduces the complex algebraic function commonly used in electromagnetism and quantum mechanics to the gravitational field modeling research field, which can express the (internal and external) gravitational field of celestial bodies more concisely. The calculation rules and mathematical tools from the complex function theory make solving the gravitational dynamics problems in Earth and planetary science more convenient. The potential-flow simulation theory is proposed on top of the equivalence of the Earth's external gravitational vector field and the potential-flow velocity field. That is, both are source- and curl-free vector fields. It introduces the numerical algorithms of computational fluid dynamics to model the external gravitational fields of celestial bodies. Because the potential-flow simulation theory is not established based on the perturbation theory, it can overcome the divergence problem of conventional methods, especially when inverting for the gravitational field of an irregularly shaped celestial body. The two theories expand the theoretical research of gravitational field modeling by using seemingly irrelevant knowledge from other research fields, and such methodology is instructive for Earth or deep-space science researchers to make subsequent theoretical improvements. Moreover, we also systematically categorize, compare, and analyze the existing gravitational field modeling methods based on the mathematical definition of the gravitational field, as well as its variants, and summarize their advantages and disadvantages, helping to select proper gravitational field modeling methods for the Earth and deep-space science researchers.

The fine modeling of the lunar gravity field is a fundamental task for establishing lunar altitude references, conducting research on lunar interior structure, and other scientific endeavors. The lunar gravity field model constructed solely based on spacecraft orbit data has limited spatial resolution, making it challenging to meet the demands of fine gravity field research. The acquisition of high-resolution terrain models presents new opportunities for the study of precise lunar gravity fields. This paper reviews the current status and advancements in fine lunar gravity field modeling, including research efforts and evaluation methods for global lunar gravity field models, principles and technologies for fine gravity field modeling, as well as related research outcomes. On this basis, this paper systematically summarizes the key theoretical issues and technical challenges in the theory of lunar gravity field modeling based on high-resolution terrain models. These include data updating, error correction in high-frequency gravity field modeling, calculation efficiency, and the series divergence problem in spherical harmonic analysis. In addition, future research directions are discussed. This work will provide references for gravity field research on the Moon and other terrestrial planets.

As a result of significant advances in geophysics, we have developed a rich arsenal of geophysical methods to infer the internal structure of the Earth. However, the method we could use to infer the internal structure of celestial bodies other than the Earth are still very limited, often relying on geodetic data from orbital probes, landers and astronomical observations. Among these geodetic method, solid tides are of great importance for the study of the celestial bodies' internal structure. Solid tidal deformation and the tidal dissipation provide key information about the internal structure of the rocky celestial bodies, especially the deep structure which contains core-mantle boundary and core. In this paper, we present a comprehensive overview of the research of the deep structure of rocky celestial bodies using solid tidal parameters, including tidal Love numbers and tidal quality factor. First, the basic theory of solid tides, tidal parameters, and viscoelastic models are introduced, and the relationship between the internal structural parameters of the celestial bodies and their solid tidal response is established. This is followed by a review and summary of existing work using solid tide parameters to study the internal structure of the rocky celestial bodies like Mercury, Venus, Mars, and the Moon. Examples include the study of the viscoelastic structure at the base of the lunar mantle using tidal parameters, and the use of tidal parameters to improve the uncertainty of the Martian core radius demonstrate that using solid tidal parameters is an effective method of constraining the deep structure of the celestial bodies. We further provide the contribution of high-precision observations to be acquired by future missions to the study of internal structure. However, there still are some problems in study the internal structure of celestial bodies by solid tidal parameters. For instance, the variability of dissipation strength between different viscoelastic models, the mismatch between short-period experimental data and macroscopic long-period theoretical calculations of viscoelastic models, and so on. We also discuss and analyzes these problems and provides a vision of future research direction.

BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia is a chronic condition that leads to strength loss and functional decline, increasing the risk of frailty, disability, falls, and death in older adults. Blood flow restriction training can be effective in the treatment of sarcopenia, but a comprehensive review of its advantages, disadvantages, biological mechanisms, and application options is lacking. OBJECTIVE: To review the advantages, limitations, and biological mechanisms of blood flow restriction training interventions for sarcopenia and to give recommendations for application protocols based on current published evidence. METHODS: A search of major databases was conducted for literature published in the time frame up to February 2023. The search terms were “blood flow restriction training, KAATSU, elderly, sarcopenia, muscle” in English and Chinese. Finally, 82 included papers were compiled and analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Blood flow restriction training as an intervention for sarcopenia has been effective in peripheral muscle groups, but there are limitations in its application. Blood flow restriction training is highly operational and safe. This training can improve muscle strength and physical performance, but there are potential risks, including adverse events on skeletal muscle, cardiovascular and endothelial cells. Therefore, blood flow restriction training needs to be performed under scientific guidance and further studies are needed to verify its efficacy in patients with sarcopenia. The biological mechanisms of blood flow restriction training intervention in sarcopenia may include: increasing muscle hypertrophy due to reactive muscle congestion, improving muscle protein synthesis capacity, inducing metabolic stress adaptation, promoting skeletal muscle growth and repair, activating vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway to promote angiogenesis, and promoting satellite cell proliferation. However, these specific roles and combined effects of these mechanisms need to be determined by more in-depth studies. Blood flow restriction training interventions for sarcopenia are mainly influenced by training and cuffs. To avoid adverse events, it is recommended that 20% to 50% 1RM, 20 to 75 repetitions, 2 to 3 times per week, 30-60 seconds interval between sessions, smaller size cuffs with a pressurization value ≤ 140 mmHg for upper limb training, and larger size cuffs with a pressurization value ≤180 mmHg for lower limb training, usually 50% to 80% of the pressure value in the completely occluded artery. However, more research is needed on the training frequency and interval between sessions in older adults, and further research is needed on the optimal choice of cuff pressurization values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Clinical use of vascular stents involves high medical costs, but it may also bring long-term benefits in reducing cardiovascular events and improving the quality of life in patients. Economics evaluation can help decision makers better understand the balance between the cost and benefit of treatment. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the related articles of health economics and discuss the hot spots in the study of the effect and problems of vascular stents in medical quality management. METHODS: The articles concerning health economics evaluation of vascular stents were retrieved from the core set of the Web of Science. The VOSviewer_1.6.19 software was used to make a visualization analysis of the annual publication volume, institutions, countries, keywords, etc. Finally, the research hot spots on the effects and problems of vascular stents were analyzed from the perspective of health economics and medical quality management. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) 120 articles in English were finally included. In the past 10 years, the highest number of articles published in this field was in 2019, with 10 articles. The institution with the largest number of articles published was Harvard University in the United States with 20 articles, and the country with the largest number of articles published was the United States with 58 articles. (2) Keyword cluster analysis demonstrated that the cost-effectiveness analysis of bare metal stents and drug-eluting stents in coronary disease, the cost-effectiveness analysis of angioplasty stent intervention, and the effect of coronary stents in percutaneous coronary intervention are the research hot spots in the field of health economics evaluation of vascular stent research. (3) In the context of medical quality management, the paper further summarized the research hot spots on the therapeutic effect of vascular stents as follows: long-term effect of vascular stents, safety, drug release mechanism research, personalized therapy, restenosis problems, and stent insertion technology. (4) The results of highly cited literature analysis exhibited that drug-eluting stents release drugs to reduce the risk of vascular restenosis, and the restenosis rate is lower than that of bare metal stents, but the cost is usually higher. Biodegradable stents combine the advantages of bare metal stents and drug-eluting stents, that is, avoiding long-term stent existence and reducing the risk of restenosis, but their cost may be higher, and there may be some complications in the short term, and they are not widely used at present. (5) In addition to the direct stent cost, factors that need to be considered when comparing the cost-effectiveness of vascular stents include the risk and cost of stent re-intervention, the risk and cost of complications, the duration and cost of drug therapy, and the quality of life of patients. Therefore, while the initial cost of drug-eluting and biodegradable stents may be higher than bare metal stents, they may lead to better clinical outcomes in the long term, resulting in a more favorable cost effect. (6) Future research directions should focus on making personalized vascular stent treatment decisions, observing the long-term effect of stent treatment, the impact of the stent on patients’ quality of life, formulating health policies, rational allocation of medical resources, and the establishment of long-term follow-up mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the generation of the single harmonic light source is studied by using chirp waveform control and two-color waveform control. The results show that, in the case of the chirp waveform control, the adjustable range of the single harmonic light source is from 170th order to 370th order, and the energy adjustable range is wide. Moreover, the requirement of the single harmonic generation is not the very high to the laser duration and laser intensity. In the case of two-color waveform control, the adjustable range of the single harmonic light source is only from 80th order to 110th order, and the energy adjustable range is narrow. Moreover, the requirement of the single harmonic generation is a little bit high to the laser duration and laser intensity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Atomic & Molecular Physics (1000-0364) is the property of Journal of Atomic & Molecular Physics Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Three isotropic heteropoly acid ionic liquid models were constructed, and their microstructures, binding energies and carrier effective masses were analyzed and discussed in the framework of density functional theory. The results show that the number of substituted coordination atoms of heteropoly acid has a great influence on the properties of the compound. In molybdenum-substituted phosphotungstic acid, when the number of molybdenum-substituted phosphotungstic acid is low, the effective mass of the hybrid carrier is low and the conductivity is strong. With high molybdenum substitution number, the carrier’s relative mass is larger, so the transmission resistance increases, and its conductivity is better than that of the complexes with low molybdenum substitution number. This paper predicts and verifies the properties of the synthesized materials, and provides theoretical basis and guidance for the synthesis and analysis of this kind of materials in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the stability of cluster NiPS3 and the mechanism of isomerization transformation, in this paper, density functional theory was used to optimize the initial configuration of cluster NiPS3 and calculate the isomerization under the quantum chemistry calculation level of B3LYP/def2-tzvp. Ten optimal configurations and seven isomerization transformation types were obtained. Based on the thermodynamics and kinetics of chemical reactions, the following conclusions are drawn: the isomerization transformation of cluster NiPS3 depends on the bonding and bonded breaking between non-metal and non-metal. The greater the difference between the stability of reactants and products, the more thorough the reaction. Except reaction 2(2)→1(4), other isomerization reactions are more spontaneous at low temperature. The isomerization reaction tends to proceed in the forward direction, that is to say, the higher energy configuration is easier to convert to the lower energy configuration. Configurational 1(2), configurational 2(2) and configurational 1(4) are the final products of cluster NiPS3 isomerization, and could be given priority in the research, development and production of related materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The misuse of metronidazole（MNZ） has caused serious pollution of the water environment. In this paper, the adsorption effects of MNZ on single-walled carbon nanotube（CNT） and Fe doped carbon nanotube（Fe-CNT） were studied by first-principles calculation. The adsorption structure, adsorption energy, electron orbital, charge transfer and state density of single-walled CNT and Fe-CNT and MNZ were calculated respectively. The results show that the original CNT has a weak adsorption effect on MNZ, while the interaction between Fe-CNT and MNZ is significantly enhanced. Therefore, Fe-CNT is expected to be candidates for adsorbing the water contaminant MNZ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, electronic structures and photocatalytic performances of Si, Ge, Zr and Sn doped SrTiO3 were studied using density functional theory realized by QUANTUM ESPRESSO（QE） software package. The lattice constants of SrTiO3 obtained by using the generalized gradient approximation（GGA） are very consistent with the previous experimental data. At the same time, the lattice constants of SrTi0.875X0.125O3（X=Si, Ge, Zr, Sn） doped systems were obtained. The band gap values of SrTiO3 and SrTi0.875X0.125O3（X=Si, Ge, Zr, Sn） are 1.853 eV, 1.849 eV, 1.916 eV, 1.895 eV and 1.925 eV, respectively. When studying the photocatalytic performance of five SrTiO3 systems, the band gap values of the five SrTiO3 systems were modified by using the scissors operator. The reduction potential(ECB) of the conduction band edge of the intrinsic SrTiO3 and four SrTi0.875X0.125O3（X=Si, Ge, Zr, Sn） doping systems were calculated to be-0.782 eV,-0.736 eV,-0.776 eV,-0.800 eV and-0.791 eV, respectively. The oxidation potentials(EVB) of the valence band edge corresponding to five SrTiO3 systems were calculated as 2.418 eV, 2.460 eV, 2.487 eV, 2.442 eV and 2.481 eV, respectively. From the perspective of redox properties, the redox properties of the two SrTi0.875X0.125O3（X= Zr, Sn） doping systems are improved compared with the intrinsic SrTiO3, while the redox property of SrTi0.875Si0.125O3 is reduced compared with the intrinsic SrTiO3. The relative positions of the band edges of the five SrTiO3 systems can meet the process of water splitting to generate H2 and O2.  [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, based on Hill dynamics and Michaelis-Menten equation, a theoretical model is established to study the noise effect in the coupled oscillation of genes and proteins between two cells. We found that in the Notch signaling pathway, the coupled oscillations of genes and proteins between two cells exhibit periodic oscillation characteristics, indicating the synchronous oscillation characteristics of intercellular signaling. "Intrinsic" noise and "external" noise have different effects on the coupled oscillation of genes and proteins between two cells. The internal noise is beneficial to increase the expression of genes and proteins in the intercellular Notch signaling pathway again. The expression levels of genes and proteins in external noise-induced pathways decrease, and periodic oscillations become damped. The combined action of internal and external noise can not only make gene expression appropriate and present a continuous oscillation pattern, but also make the corresponding protein process of gene transcription and synthesis between cells show a continuous oscillation mode. It shows that the internal and external noise of gene expression is beneficial to control the gene activation between cells and maintain the periodic rhythm of protein synthesis. The theoretical results in this paper reveal a regulatory mechanism of internal and external noise on the dynamics of the intercellular Notch signaling pathway. The respective regulatory effects of internal and external noise can be determined by our calculations, which clarify the physical mechanism of the continuous periodic oscillation of the regulation system under the combined effect of internal and external noise. The theoretical results are consistent with the experiments. It can provide a theoretical basis for the design of pathway therapies to prevent various diseases and cancers caused by Notch system gene and protein mutations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Atomic & Molecular Physics (1000-0364) is the property of Journal of Atomic & Molecular Physics Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is the most common scoliosis deformity, accounting for about 80% of all scoliosis. Its pathogenesis is unknown. In recent years, the incidence rate has shown an obvious upward trend, which seriously threatens the physical and mental health of adolescents. OBJECTIVE: To perform the visualization analysis of the relevant literature on adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in recent 20 years through the Bibliometrics method, and explore the research hotspots and trends in this field to provide references for further research. METHODS: The relevant articles included in the Web of Science core collection database from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2021 were searched by computer. The scientific knowledge map was drawn by CiteSpace 5.8.R3 software. The cooperation network, co-citation network, keyword co-occurrence, burst, clustering and timeline map were visually analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 5 245 papers were included. In the past 20 years, the annual publication volume has shown a fluctuating upward trend. The analysis of the cooperation network shows that the author with the most publications is Qiu Yong; the institution is Nanjing University; the country is USA. The author with the highest intermediary centrality is Lowe TG; the institution is Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, and the country is Switzerland. The cocitation network analysis exhibits that the author with the highest frequency of citations is Lenke LG; the document is Weinstein SL, 2013, N Engl J Med; the journal is Spine, and the author with the highest intermediary centrality is Suk SI, and the cited document is Danielsson AJ, 2001, Eur Spine J; the cited journal is Spine. Keyword analysis displays that the research hotspots mainly focus on conservative treatment, imaging parameters, pathogenesis, and genome-wide associations. Through the visualization analysis of the literature in this research field, this study clarifies the context of the research in this field, reveals the research hotspots and trends in this field, and provides research ideas and methods for many scholars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: With the proven ability of traditional Chinese medicine such as icariin and berberine to promote bone regeneration by regulating various mechanisms and targets, researchers have combined active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine with bone tissue engineering and found that they have unique advantages in treating bone defects. OBJECTIVE: Starting from the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicines that promote bone formation, to screen cases of their effective combination with different drug-carrying scaffold materials, and summarize the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicines that have the potential to be applied to bone tissue engineering. METHODS: CNKI, WanFang, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched for relevant literature published from 2000 to 2023, using the keywords of “bone tissue engineering, bone tissue-engineered scaffold materials, bone defect, bone repair, bone regeneration, traditional Chinese medicine” in Chinese and English. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 87 papers were finally included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There are various kinds of active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine to promote bone regeneration, mainly including flavonoids, non-flavonoid polyphenols, alkaloids, glycosides. These active ingredients have anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, promote osteoblasts, inhibit osteoclasts and promote early angiogenesis. The combination of active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine with bone tissue engineering is effective in anti-inflammation, accelerating collagen and bone formation, and promoting the expression of osteogenic genes, which provides a theoretical basis for the application of traditional Chinese medicine in bone tissue regeneration, and at the same time provides a new idea for the repair of bone defects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Research on foot and ankle proprioception is crucial for the rehabilitation of chronic ankle instability and geriatric diseases as well as for the improvement of body posture control and motor performance. Previous studies have often studied the sensory evaluation of the foot and ankle joints separately, which has limitations for a comprehensive understanding of their sensory function. OBJECTIVE: The foot and ankle complex is the only part in direct contact with the support surface, and plays an important role in the collective sensory feedback and regulation and balance control. By combing the existing investigation and research of foot and ankle ontology, the measurement and evaluation methods of the sensation of the foot and ankle complex are combed, in order to pave the way and provide the theoretical basis for future related studies. METHODS: Chinese terms “(foot OR foot ankle OR ankle) AND (sensation OR proprioception)” and English terms “(foot OR ankle) AND (feel OR proprioception)” were used as the keywords for retrieving relevant literature in the Web of Science, PubMed, and CNKI. We understood the basic concepts, current status and scope of research on the foot and ankle, summarized and evaluated the proprioceptive evaluation methods of the foot and ankle, and finally included 57 papers for further review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The evaluation of foot and ankle complex sensation was mainly divided into sensory evaluation of the foot and proprioceptive evaluation of the ankle joint. The sensory evaluation of the foot mainly describes the sensation of the skin and the sensory feedback under the intervention conditions. The methods mainly include the pressure sensory threshold test, the two-point discrimination test of the foot (planar and plantar), and the duration test of skin vibration sensation. Ankle joint proprioception evaluation focuses on the description of joint position, motion range, force value and functional performance. The methods are mainly divided into static joint angle reset test, motion minimum threshold test, force perception reproduction test and dynamic balance, speed and walking ability tests. The report of quantitative results is generally expressed by “an error,” which is generally divided into absolute error, relative error, constant error, etc. To conclude, the foot and ankle complex has specific sensory capabilities, including foot sensation and ankle proprioception, which affect the quality of life and athletic performance of humans. Weakness of both foot sensation and ankle proprioception is associated with reduced human balance, and the combined measurements of the two can comprehensively and effectively evaluate foot and ankle function. The combination of foot and ankle sensory measures is selected according to different research needs and various influencing factors such as environment, emotion and reporting style are fully considered, to improve the validity of measurement and evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Reviews of Geophysics & Planetary Physics is the property of Editorial Office of Reviews of Geophysics & Planetary Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Reviews of Geophysics & Planetary Physics is the property of Editorial Office of Reviews of Geophysics & Planetary Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background Low back pain is a common cause of consultation for patients in primary care, however, there is a lack of unified diagnostic and treatment guidelines for the management of patients with low back pain in China. This paper initially establishes a general practice clinical pathway based on patients with low back pain through the preliminary research, and verifies its effectiveness through the adjustment of the management program. Objective To explore the clinical outcomes of general practice clinical pathway for medically unexplained diseases manifested by low back pain. Methods A total of 80 patients with low back pain attending the general practice outpatient clinic of Mishixiang Health Service Center in Gongshu District, Hangzhou City were selected as the study subjects and randomly divided into the control group and experimental group, with 40 cases in each group, by single and double visiting numbers. The experimental group was managed by the general practice clinical pathway for low back pain, and the control group was managed routinely. After six months of intervention, the Roland-Morris dysfunction score, Visual Analogue Pain Scale (VAS) score before and after intervention, and satisfaction of patients were compared between the two groups. Results There was no statistically significant difference in Roland-Morris dysfunction score and VAS pain score between the two groups before the intervention (P>0.05) ; Roland-Morris dysfunction score and VAS score of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group after the intervention (P

Falls are the important causes of morbidity and mortality in older adults. Although clinical staff have paid attention to the management of falls, adherence to fall interventions is not satisfactory, resulting in the high incidence of fall. Understanding the older adults' own perception of fall risk from their perspective may be the key to fall prevention, especially active fall prevention. In this paper, we reviewed the concept of fall risk perception, behavioral consequences and influencing factors of fall risk perception in older adults from the perspective of "the first person responsible for health", and found that there are fewer studies on fall risk perception in older adults at home and abroad, the conceptual connotation still needs to be further explored. Subjective perceptions of fall risk in older adults can lead to different patterns of fall risk coping behaviors that influence fall risk. The influencing factors of fall risk perception mainly focus on the emotional psychology, physiological conditions, social culture, and physical environment, with the influencing process through subjective cognition. Empirical studies can be used to further validate the psychological cognitive mechanisms of fall risk perception in conjunction with the risk perception formation process in the future, in order to provide empirical evidence for proactive fall prevention.

Background Chronic kidney disease has become a major global concern, and the prevalence of kidney disease in China is the highest in the world. About 89.5% of patients require hemodialysis. In recent years, the prevalence of frailty in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients has risen significantly, seriously affecting the quality of life and prognosis of patients. Objective To explore the prevalence of frailty and the influencing factors of maintenance hemodialysis patients in China through Meta-analysis. Methods Cross-sectional and cohort studies on the prevalence and influencing factors of frailty in Chinese MHD patients were systematically searched in CNKI, VIP, CBM, Wanfang Data, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and CINAHL databases. The search deadline was from the respective databases to July 2023. Literature screening, data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two researchers. Stata 15.0 was used for meta-analysis. Results Thirty-two papers were included, and including 6 746 patients, among which 2 566 experienced frailty, involving 37 influencing factors. Meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of frailty in MHD patients in China was 37.4% (95%CI=30.3%-44.5%). Age (OR=1.09, 95%CI=1.06-1.13), age>60 years (OR=3.81, 95%CI=2.31-6.30), female (OR=2.13, 95%CI=1.47-3.08), living alone (OR=2.42, 95%CI=1.22-4.80), sleep (OR=1.28, 95%CI=1.08-1.50), depression (OR=1.97, 95%CI=1.26-3.08), age on dialysis (OR=3.25, 95%CI=1.82-5.79), social support (low level) (OR=1.99, 95%CI=1.39-2.86), comorbidities (OR=1.79, 95%CI=1.40-2.30), malnutrition (OR=1.17, 95%CI=1.07-1.28), Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) (OR=1.32, 95%CI=1.01-1.71), C-reactive protein (CRP) (OR=1.15, 95%CI=1.09-1.21), hemoglobin (Hb

Background As the medical service model in China transitions from unidirectional treatment to holistic health, medical social work, aimed at helping individuals help themselves, has gained more opportunities to integrate into the hospital setting. Objective This paper aims to explore the embedding paths, strategies, and outcomes of medical social work in the hospital setting, to categorize the types of integrative development in medical social work, and to provide significant insights for the robust development of medical social work within the healthcare system. Methods Based on Granovetter's embeddedness theory, purposive sampling was employed to conduct in-depth interviews with 33 medical social workers from 15 public hospitals in Shenzhen, where services were purchased by the government. Data analysis was performed using thematic analysis with the aid of Nvivo12.0 software. Results In the context of government-purchased services, the embedding paths of medical social work include structural embedding and relational embedding. The main embedding strategies are "indirect compliance" and "passive compromise" under structural embedding, and "mutual benefit" and "self-empowerment" under relational embedding. The embedding outcomes also led to two different impacts: "administrative" and "professional". Conclusion The study suggests that the integrative development of medical social work can be categorized into four types: "superficial embedding" "administration-led" "mutual development" and "professional inter-construction".

Sepsis is characterized by a dysregulation of immune response to infection, leading to life-threatening organ dysfunction. Sepsis-associated liver injury (SALI) is considered an independent risk factor for predicting death in the intensive care unit (ICU). With the increasing number of studies on the gut-liver axis in recent years, the close linkage of gut microbiota and liver diseases has been gradually revealed. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota has been shown to induce SALI through the mitogen-activated protein kinase/nuclear transcription factorκB (MAPK/NF-κB) signaling pathway and damage to the intestinal barrier. Meanwhile, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and the application of probiotics have great potential in the treatment of SALI. This paper reviews the relevant research progress in recent years both at home and abroad, in order to provide new insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of SALI.