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Copyright of Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society is the property of Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective The aim is to solve the problems of high regeneration energy consumption and high economic cost in the capture of carbon dioxide(CO2) by traditional absorbents, and to develop new phase change absorbents. Methods This paper provided a comparative study of the performance of four phase change absorbent systems: DETA-1-propanol, MMEA-DEG, DEEA-MEA, and DEEA-AEEA. Using monoethanolamine (MEA) with a traditional absorbent mass fraction of 30% as a reference standard, experiments were conducted to study absorption, desorption, foaming, corrosion, cyclic absorption-desorption, as well as estimated regeneration energy consumption and costs. Results The DETA-1-propanol system had a rich phase volume accounting for 66% of the total volume, with a maximum absorption capacity of 3.34 mol/kg, representing a 54.6% improvement compared to 30% MEA absorbents. The solvent cost was 11 500 yuan/t, which increased by 35.5% compared to 30% MEA absorbents. The regeneration enthalpy was 0.28 GJ/t CO2, and the regeneration latent heat was 1.1 GJ/t CO2. Compared with MEA absorbent, it reduced by 73.3% and 12.0%, respectively. Conclusions The DETA-1-propanol absorbent system exhibits higher absorption and desorption performance, high cycling stability, as well as lower regeneration energy consumption and solvent cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Catalytic hydrogenation of carbon dioxide (CO2) to higher alcohols is one of the important ways to realize the high value utilization of CO2 and mitigate the greenhouse effect. The research progress on catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to higher alcohols in recent years was reviewed. Firstly, the favorable reaction conditions and catalyst requirements for catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to higher alcohols were analyzed from the thermodynamic point of view. Then the researches of different types of catalysts (precious metal based, copper based, cobalt and molybdenum based catalysts) applicable to the field were introduced. Finally, based on the key intermediates and main reaction pathways, the synthesis mechanisms of catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to higher alcohols were summarized. Through summary and analysis, the main challenges in the research of catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to higher alcohols were pointed out, and the future research direction in the field was prospected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Advances in New & Renewable Energy is the property of Editorial Office of Advances in New & Renewable Energy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of China Medical University is the property of Journal of China Medical University Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Biomass hydrothermal conversion has garnered significant interest among researchers due to its broad adaptability to raw materials, cost-effectiveness, and high conversion efficiency. Utilizing CO2 as the filling gas for hydrothermal reactions not only contributes to reducing atmospheric carbon emissions but also enhances the efficiency of biomass conversion. Despite these advantages, the mechanisms for hydrothermal conversion of biomass in a CO2 atmosphere remain poorly understood, particularly the impact of inherent inorganic constituents under such conditions. This study employed corn stalk as biomass feedstock, which underwent a pre-treatment process involving rinsing deionized water, hydrochloric acid, and acetic acid. The influence of different solvents on the organic and inorganic compositions of corn stalk was investigated by means of elemental analysis, industrial analysis, three component (hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin) analysis and X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (XRF). Subsequent hydrothermal experiments were carried out using the biomass samples before and after the washing pretreatment under a CO2 atmosphere (3.7 MPa, 270 ℃). The research examined the solubility of CO2 in the hydrothermal liquid and the characteristics of the hydrothermal products from various feedstocks to determine how changes in the organic/inorganic compositions of corn stalk due to the pretreatment affect the CO2 hydrothermal process. The results revealed that water washing pretreatment effectively removed inorganic elements from corn stalk, while it had lessimpact on the organic components. Acetic acid washing pretreatment demonstrated a robust removal capability, achieving an elimination rate exceeding 95% for major inorganic elements in corn stalk, such as potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and chlorine (Cl), etc. However, the influence of acetic acid washing on the organic components remained marginal; the removal rates for cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin were all below 10% following acetic acid treatment. In contrast, hydrochloric acid washing not only efficiently removed inorganic elements but also significantly affected the organic components in corn stalk. In hydrothermal experiments, the washing pretreatment increased the solubility of CO2 in the liquid phase by extracting inherent inorganic matter from corn stalk, which significantly enhanced the conversion rates of hemicellulose and cellulose. However, the increased solubility of CO2 did not significantly promote the hydrolysis of lignin. On the contrary, the absence of inorganic components in the washed samples restricted the cracking of lignin, resulting in a decreased conversion rate during hydrothermal processing. Thus, the washing pretreatment, particularly using acetic acid, not only facilitated the selective hydrolysis of hemicellulose and cellulose but also inhibited the further decomposition of their hydrolysis products, thereby effectively increasing the yields of alcohols and aldehydes. The concentration of aldehydes (e.g. furfural and 5- hydroxymethylfurfural), which are the representative hydrolysis products of cellulose and hemicellulose, in the hydrothermal liquid products demonstrated a notable increase, rising from 14.31% for untreated corn stalk to between 25.89% and 39.45% for the washed corn stalk. Furthermore, the lignin content in the hydrothermal char significantly augmented following the washing pretreatment, enhancing its potential for subsequent utilization, notably in gasification processes aimed at producing hydrogen-rich syngas. This study holds substantial importance for elucidating the hydrothermal conversion mechanisms under a CO2 atmosphere and advancing the high-value conversion of biomass through hydrothermal processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Petroleum Refinery Engineering is the property of Petroleum Refinery Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As the second largest carbon emitter in China, iron and steel enterprises have great potential for carbon emission reduction. In order to facilitate the supervision and control of carbon emissions by relevant departments, carbon emission prediction research is carried out. Taking a steelmaking plant as the research object, firstly, the carbon dioxide emissions in the steelmaking process were analyzed, and 10 energy substances that caused carbon emissions were determined. The basic energy data of the steelmaking plant from 2001 to 2023 were collected, and the carbon emissions were calculated from the basic energy data according to the carbon emission accounting method. Secondly, based on the long short-term memory network to predict the carbon emissions in the next 7 years, the training error and test error were close to 0.01, and the actual error was 1323 307.46 tons of carbon dioxide. Then, the Mann-Kendall trend test was used to evaluate the overall carbon emission trend of the steelmaking plant. Finally, some reasonable suggestions were put forward for steelmaking plants in order to actively respond to the goal of low-carbon environmental protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to provide a pathway scenario for the contribution of flotation in the context of carbon neutral targets, starting from the phenomenon of CO2 optimization of flotation indexes, the studies on the direct participation of CO2 in flotation are elaborated through the change of flotation three-phase system; and the studies on the indirect participation of CO2 in flotation are reviewed from the point of view of the participation of CO2 capture-converted chemical reagents in flotation as flotation inhibitors and capture agents. On the basis of summarizing the previous studies on the direct participation of CO2 in flotation, it is pointed out that the direct participation of CO2 in flotation has limitations in space and processing objects under the current carbon neutral target. Combined with the importance of the current flotation chemicals system for flotation, the advantages of indirect CO2 participation in flotation are pointed out. On the one hand, it plays the role of optimizing and regulating the flotation index;on the other hand, it promotes the industry chain of carbon dioxide capture and conversion through the feedback of flotation, thus accelerating the rate of carbon dioxide capture and conversion, and realizing a win-win situation under the background of the goal of carbon neutrality. Therefore, it is proposed to vigorously promote the utilization of chemical products after carbon dioxide capture and conversion in flotation, which will be a new path for flotation to contribute to the carbon neutrality goal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reviews the preparation of cyclic carbonates from alkylene oxides and CO2 catalyzed by metalloporphyrin polymers. It is found that metalloporphyrin-based porous polymers have high specific surface area, central metal of the porphyrin ring and nucleophilicity in small molecule polymerized monomers, which are the key points for efficiently catalyzing the cycloaddition reaction of epoxides and CO2 under mild conditions. However, currently synthesized metalloporphyrin polymers have some problems, such as easy pore size, unstable structure, and difficulty in adapting to large-sized epoxides. In the future, we should focus on designing and preparing dual-active site metalloporphyrin-based porous polymers with small steric hindrance, stable performance, and a large number of Lewis acid-base highly active centers, which is the direction we need to research in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The production and application of biodegradable polycarbonate have been significantly facilitated by the scale production of dimethyl carbonate which is the downstream of carbon dioxide. Hence, the progress in current research of novel biodegradable aliphatic poly(butylene carbonate) (PBC) modification has been reviewed. The mechanism of monomer structure (i. e. linear aliphatic monomer, cyclic aliphatic monomer, and aromatic monomer) and blending compatibility effect on thermal properties, crystallization, and tensile properties of PBC were analyzed. In addition, the application and development were also prospected according to the structure-properties relationship of PBC-based copolycarbonate and PBC-based blends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the recycle of CO2 in the process of coal clean and efficient conversion, Xiwan coal with the particle size of 0 μm to 300 μm was continuously run in a pyrolysis-gasification industrial test device with a processing capacity of 36 t/d (referred to as "industrial test facility"). The material and heat balance, operation and product properties of industrial test device with CO2 were investigated. The results show that under the conditions of pyrolysis temperature of 600 °C, gasification temperature of 1000 °C and reaction pressure of 0.8 MPa to 1.0 MPa, after CO2 participates in the pyrolysis-gasification process, the industrial test device runs stably, and the steam consumption per ton of coal decreases by 5.38%, and the content of effective gas (CO + H2) in syngas increases from 74.74% to 79.63%, and CO content increases by 10.43%, and H2 content decreases by 5.54%, and syngas calorific value, carbon conversion rate and energy conversion efficiency increase. The yield of tar increases from 15.91% to 16.25%, the density decreases from 1.06 kg/m³ to 1.02 kg/m³, the kinematic viscosity decreases from 3.42 mm²/s to 2.70 mm²/s, the mass fraction of sulfur decreases from 0.20% to 0.15%, and the corresponding temperature of the same quality of tar fraction decreases by 10 °C to 30 °C. The mass fraction of aliphatic hydrocarbon in tar increases by 7.53%, the mass fraction of aromatic hydrocarbon decreases by 5.47%, and the mass fraction of other compounds increases by 15.98%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Southern Energy Construction is the property of Southern Energy Construction Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society is the property of Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Laboratory experiments, numerical simulations and fracturing technology were combined to address the problems in shale oil recovery by CO2 injection. The laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the displacement mechanisms of shale oil extraction by CO2 injection, and the influences of CO2 pre-pad on shale mechanical properties. Numerical simulations were performed about influences of CO2 pre-pad fracturing and puff-n-huff for energy replenishment on the recovery efficiency. The findings obtained were applied to the field tests of CO2 pre-pad fracturing and single well puff-n-huff. The results show that the efficiency of CO2 puff-n-huff is affected by micro- and nano-scale effect, kerogen, adsorbed oil and so on, and a longer soaking time in a reasonable range leads to a higher exploitation degree of shale oil. In the “injection + soaking” stage, the exploitation degree of heavy hydrocarbons is enhanced by CO2 through its effects of solubility-diffusion and mass-transfer. In the “huff” stage, crude oil in large pores is displaced by CO2 to surrounding larger pores or bedding fractures and finally flows to the production well. The injection of CO2 pre-pad is conducive to keeping the rock brittle and reducing the fracture breakdown pressure, and the CO2 is liable to filter along the bedding surface, thereby creating a more complex fracture. Increasing the volume of CO2 pre-pad can improve the energizing effect, and enhance the replenishment of formation energy. Moreover, the oil recovery is more enhanced by CO2 huff-n-puff with the lower shale matrix permeability, the lower formation pressure, and the larger heavy hydrocarbon content. The field tests demonstrate a good performance with the pressure maintained well after CO2 pre-pad fracturing, the formation energy replenished effectively after CO2 huff-n-puff in a single well, and the well productivity improved.

[Introduction] CO2 catalytic hydrogenation for fuel synthesis is an economically feasible and large-scale implementable technology for CO2 utilization, which can solve the problems of environment and resource shortage, and has gained wide attention in recent years. In this work, a microchannel reactor for CO2 catalytic hydrogenation to synthesize hydrocarbon fuels is developed. [Method] Based on the design concept of thermodynamic calculation, catalyst preparation, reactor design, structure optimization and performance testing, an anlysis was carried out. [Result] The thermodynamic analysis shows that hydrocarbon fuels can be produced from CO2 catalytic hydrogenation. Six iron-based catalysts are developed to improve the reaction rate of hydrocarbon fuel synthesis. Based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation, the structure of the microchannel reactor is designed and optimized. The microchannel reactor has the advantages of simple-compact structure and strong heat-mass transfer capability. The experimental results show that the Zn-Fe catalyst exhibits the best performance of CO2 catalytic hydrogenation for the synthesis of low-carbon olefins. CO2 conversion and low-carbon olefins selectivity are 32% and 44% respectively. [Conclusion] The microchannel reactor designed in this work has the dual functions of CO2 utilization for hydrocarbon fuel synthesis, which is of great significance to China's response to climate change, the realization of the dual-carbon target and the development of hydrocarbon fuel industry.

Using thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) as matrix, nano-silica (SiO2) as filler and supercritical carbon dioxide（scCO2） as foaming agent, TPU/SiO2 composite foaming materials were prepared by simple physical blending and scCO2 foaming equipment. The effects of different SiO2 contents on the composite foaming materials were investigated.The results show that the nano-SiO2 particles have good dispersion in the TPU matrix, and the prepared TPU/SiO2 composite foaming material is uniformly mixed.The addition of SiO2 particles regulates the foaming behavior of the composites, making the cell size stable and the distribution range decreased from 60～180 μm to 20～40 μm.The SiO2 particles effectively improved the crystallinity of the TPU matrix, so that the rebound increased from 40 to 42,and the hardness increased from 45.3 Shore C to 54.38 Shore C; the tensile strength increased from 1.18 MPa to 4.19 MPa, and the elongation at break increased from 237.25% to 460.03%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Chemical Engineering is the property of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Chemical Engineering is the property of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Refrigeration is the property of Journal of Refrigeration Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Collagen is a biomedical material with good biocompatibility, low toxicity, low immunoactivity, and high cellular affinity. However, the defects such as hydrophilicity and poor thermal stability are the key technical problems that need to be solved urgently in biomedical, tissue engineering, and other applications. OBJECTIVE: To elaborate on the preparation method, characterization, and application progress of acylated collagen. METHODS: PubMed, X-mol, and CNKI databases were used to search the literature on acylated collagen preparation methods, characterization, and application. The search time was from January 1992 to May 2023. The English search terms were “acylated collagen, modified collagen, water-soluble collagen, acetic anhydride”. Chinese search terms were “acylated collagen, modified collagen, water-soluble collagen”. After an initial screening of all articles according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 53 articles with high relevance were retained for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The preparation of acylated collagen is mainly obtained by the acylation reaction of acid anhydride, and the reaction sites are mainly ε-amino and N-terminus-amino of collagen, and the reaction environment of acylation reaction needs to be carried out in an alkaline environment. (2) Succinic anhydride is the preferred reactant of acylated collagen. Carbonic anhydride, citric anhydride, and bifunctional modifiers with acylation ability have been excavated in recent years to meet various requirements, but it is still limited to laboratory preparation; complex preparation process is difficult to industrialize, and follow-up research is needed to continuously improve. (3) The characterization methods of acylated collagen are similar to those of collagen, but there is still a lack of standards for the water-soluble characterization of acylated collagen. (4) In recent years, acylated collagen has been gradually used in the preparation of lenses, hydrogels, and dressings, as well as cosmetic raw materials. However, there is still little research on the application of acylated collagen, and there is a lack of complete in vivo experiments to verify the practicality of acylated collagen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Chemical Engineering is the property of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Phosphoric acid is commonly used to react with carbonates to generate carbon dioxide for determining the carbon and oxygen isotopes of carbonates by using online reaction device, for example, GasBench coupled to an isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS). During the measurement, oxygen isotope fractionation will arise due to various factors, which can result differences between the measured oxygen isotope values and the actual ones. In this study, a series of carbonate standard materials (international standard materials IAEA-603, NBS18, and national standard materials GBW04416 and GBW04405) and modern marine planktonic foraminiferal samples were determined to explore the contribution of acid fractionation on the oxygen isotope values under different conditions. The effects of acid fractionation on the oxygen isotope values for each standard material, and the underlying mechanism were investigated and discussed. The results showed that: 1) The acid fractionation effect is mainly caused by the exchange of oxygen isotopes between the sample CO2 gas and the evaporated gas phase water in the headspace bottle (at high temperatures) or by the liquid water in the acid (at low temperatures); 2) The acid fractionation coefficients of oxygen isotope in carbonate reference materials with different characteristics show significant differences and are related to their oxygen isotope compositions; 3) The degree of deviation of oxygen isotopes is related to the factors such as reaction temperature, sample quantity, water content of phosphoric acid, and the difference between the oxygen isotope composition of liquid and gaseous water in the acid and the oxygen isotope composition of the samples; 4) The acid fractionation effect on oxygen isotopes is significantly correlated with signal intensity. It is recommended to effectively correct the oxygen isotope fractionation of acid by accurately weighing reference materials and samples, following the principle of peak intensity matching and adopting linear correction method for determination of oxygen isotopes in carbonates. Besides, a lower reaction temperature (25 ℃) generates slighter degree of oxygen isotope fractionation. This study provides a useful reference for the accurate determination of carbon and oxygen isotope composition in carbonates, and is of great significance for improving analysis accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research progress of metal-organic framework (MOFs) materials in photocatalytic carbon dioxide (CO2) cycloaddition reaction in recent years was reviewed ・ The mechanism of cycloaddition reaction of CO2 under photocatalysis was analyzed, and four modification strategies of MOFs were introduced, including structural defects of MOFs, MOFs with active catalytic metal s让es, heterojunctions with semiconductor materials, and co-catalyst functionalization of MOFs. Based on the current research status of CO2 cycloaddition reaction, the prospects and challenges of MOFs and its composites in the field of photocatalysis are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Ternary deep eutectic solvents (DES) comprising choline chloride (ChCl), glycerol (Gly) and ethanolamine (MEA) with different molar ratios were prepared. The CO2 absorption ability of the ternary DES was investigated at room temperature and under atmospheric pressure. Among four ternary DES samples prepared with different molar ratios, a ChCl-Gly-MEA (1:1:10) ternary DES was found to absorb the most CO2 at a capacity of 0.18 g CO2 (DES per gram) at 298 K and 101.3 kPa. The experimental results showed that the CO2 absorption capacity of ChCl-Gly-MEA (1:1:10) ternary DES increased with an increase in gas flow rate and a decrease in water content. The gas flow rate improved the mass transfer efficiency of CO2 in the ternary DES system, and shortened the time required for CO2 absorption to reach equilibrium. However, the addition of water could weaken the hydrogen bonding interaction among the three components in the DES system. Results from Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy indicated that CO2 interacted with the amino groups in DES to form carbamates. The absorption of CO2 by ChCl-Gly-MEA underwent both physical and chemical absorption, and the chemical absorption was significantly enhanced by the addition of MEA. A recovery experiment showed that no obvious loss in CO2 absorption was detected after five absorption/desorption cycles with an absorption rate of 97.3% being retained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By enlarging the H-type reactor, formic acid is produced by electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide using indium metal sheet and tin metal sheet electrodes with an area of more than 100 cm2 ・ The selectivity of carbon dioxide reduction reaction products, electrolysis ability and other aspects were studied, and the optimization method of electrocatalytic formic acid production in large-scale metal electrode reactor was obtained・ The results show that the optimal conditions for the reaction are the air inlet flow rate of 40 mL/min, the current density of 一 3.0 to 一4.5 mA/cm2, and the neutral electrolyte. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Isothermal adsorption experiments are widely used in the field of geology as a research method to investigate the adsorption behavior between gases in coal seams. Taking the coal reservoirs of No. 13 Coal from Liuzhuang Mine as the research object, N2 and CO2 gas adsorption experiments were carried, and the optimal adsorption model for gas adsorption in low permeability coal was selected on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the squared regression coefficients of the fit R², the residual sum of squares of the calculated and experimental values of the model v, and the relative errors s . The results show that the models fitting degree of N2 adsorption in low permeability coal from high to low: optimized L model > optimized D-A model > optimized D-R model > D-A model > L model > D-R model > F model. The models fitting degree of CO2 adsorption in low permeability coal from high to low: optimized L model > optimized D-A model = optimized D-R model > D-A model > L model > D-R model > F model. The experimental results can provide geological basis for gas adsorption and CO2 sequestration in low-permeability coal seams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Henan University of Technology Natural Science Edition is the property of Henan University of Technology Journal Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To eliminate the interference of calcium phosphate on the determination of calcium carbonate in reconstituted tobacco and to develop an accurate method for determining the mass percentage of calcium carbonate, CO2 was applied to react with calcium carbonate in reconstituted tobacco samples to form water-soluble calcium bicarbonate. Following the treatment, the variation of calcium ion concentration after CO2 treatment was determined by ion chromatography to analyze the mass percentage of calcium carbonate. The feasibility of the method was verified based on the repeatability, recovery, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ) . The results showed that: 1) Calcium carbonate could be separated from calcium phosphate by CO2 treatment, and the mass percentage of calcium carbonate in the reconstituted tobacco samples could be accurately determined using three different pretreatment methods. 2) This method showed better repeatability and recovery with a relative standard deviation(RSD, n=5) of 2.69% and recoveries in the range of 95%-102%. The LOD and LOQ were 0.12% and 0.39%, respectively. 3) The variation of the mass percentage of calcium carbonate in different reconstituted tobacco samples was large and varied from 2% to 4% in five reconstituted tobacco samples. In conclusion, this method was convenient, rapid, and suitable for accurate determination of the mass percentage of calcium carbonate in reconstituted tobacco and other complex calcium salt reconstituted tobacco systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: A trans-critical CO2 refrigeration system with ejector is proposed and its performance factors are studied. Methods: In this paper, energy and exergic system model combined with experiment method were used to study the impact of the change of major parameters on traditional and new refrigeration systems. Results: In a given working condition, exergy efficiency of the compressor increased by 11.08% when an injector replaced the throttle valve, while the power of the compressor decreased by 6.04% and the performance factor increased by 11.1%. The optimum gas cooler pressure was found to maximize the system performance. In addition, the exergic damage of the system components was optimized in this paper. Conclusion: The ejector of the new system has great potential for optimization, and the outlet temperature of the gas cooler has the greatest influence on the performance of the ejector.

Molecular dynamics method was used to establish composite wall/inorganic nanopores of three pore sizes, three shale oil systems, five CO2-cosolvent systems, and pure CO2 system. The process of CO2-cosolvent displacement of crude oil in shale nanopores and carbon storage was simulated and the influencing factors of displacement and storage were analyzed. It is shown that the attraction of the quartz wall to shale oil increases with the degree of hydroxylation. The higher the degree of quartz hydroxylation, the more difficult it is to extract the polar components of shale oil. Nanopore size also has a great impact on shale oil displacement efficiency. The larger the pore size, the higher the shale oil displacement efficiency. The closer the cosolvent molecules are to the polarity of the shale oil, the higher the mutual solubility of CO2 and shale oil. The more the non-polar components of shale oil, the lower the mutual solubility of CO2 and shale oil with highly polar cosolvent. Ethyl acetate is more effective in stripping relatively high polar shale oil, while dimethyl ether is more effective in stripping relatively low polar shale oil. Kerogen is highly adsorptive, especially to CO2. The CO2 inside the kerogen is not easy to diffuse and leak, thus allowing for a stable carbon storage. The highest CO2 storage rate is observed when dimethyl ether is used as a cosolvent, and the best storage stability is observed when ethyl acetate is used as a cosolvent.

Purposes Anthracene residue is a typical coal-based organic solid waste, which is mainly rich in phenanthrene and fluorene. In order to solve the difficulty in achieving effective separation of phenanthrene and fluorene, this research has been conducted. Methods By conventional separation methods and cooperative utilization of carbon dioxide, a reaction-separation coupling technique was adopted to convert fluorene in anthracene residues with carbon dioxide to 9-fluorenylcarboxylic acid with cesium carbonate as a catalysty. At the same time, co-production of phenanthrene can be realized according to the difference in solubility between 9-fluorenylcarboxylic acid and phenanthrene in alkaline solutions. Thus, the extraction of phenanthrene and the co-production of 9-fluorenylcarboxylic acid with high added value were realized. The effects of the amount and particle size of cesium carbonate on the yield of 9-fluorenylcarboxylic acid, and the catalytic cycling performance were explored. The reaction-separation of model mixture and anthracene residue were further studied. Findings The results show that the yield of 9-fluorenylcarboxylic acid grows with the increasing amount of cesium carbonate, and it is improved from 80.63% to 95.76% when the mole ratios of cesium carbonate to fluorene is increased from 2∶1 to 6∶1. The water content rises with the decrease of the particle size of cesium carbonate, and the declines of catalytic activity, either. Cesium carbonate shows excellent regeneration performance after roasted at 250 ℃ in N2 atmosphere, with the yield of 9-fluorenylcarboxylic acid maintained at 80% after 3 cycles. Other components in anthracene residue, such as phenanthrene, anthracene, and carbazole do not participate in the reaction of fluorene and carbon dioxide, and can be separated in the reaction process. The yield of 9-fluorenylcarboxylic acid reaches 90.63% with a purity of 99.06%, and the isolated phenanthrene is 95.00% with a purity of 99.14% after two reaction-separation cycles for the model mixture. However, with anthracene residue as feedstock, the purity and yield of 9-fluorenylcarboxylic acid falls to 93.33% and 83.80%, respectively. The recovery yield of phenanthrene declines slightly to 93.31% with a purity of 91.03%, owing to the existing of other components in anthracene residue.