Search

BACKGROUND: With the continuous improvement and progress of the magnetically controlled growing rod technology in the field of the treatment of spinal deformities, numerous studies have been put into this field, but the main research status, hot spots, and development trends are not clear enough. OBJECTIVE: Based on bibliometrics, this paper discusses the quality and quantity of articles in the field of using magnetically controlled growing rods to treat spinal deformities from different countries, aiming to clarify the global development trend of magnetically controlled growing rods and evaluate the research productivity, research trends, and research hotspots in the world. METHODS: The articles published from 1998 to 2023 were retrieved mainly based on the Web of Science database. CiteSpace 5.8 and VOSviewer 1.6.19 software were used to analyze the data and generate a visual knowledge map. The following parameters were evaluated for all studies: the total number of published papers, centrality, h index, the contribution of countries, authors, and journals, and the trend and hot spots were explored through the analysis of co-citation, highly cited literature, and literature keyword explosion. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Finally, 138 articles were included. From 2009 to 2020, the number of published articles in this field gradually increased. The United States has the largest number of articles (53, 37.32%), and the United States has the highest h index and centrality of articles. (2) The results of keyword analysis showed that: the top ten keywords, such as early-onset scoliosis, surgery, complications, and so on, objectively and truly reflected the current situation and hot spots of magnetically controlled growing rod in the field of spinal deformity treatment. In recent years, the research focus in this field is the treatment failure caused by risk factors such as the pull-out of the magnetically controlled growing rod, implantation failure, and rod fracture, the accurate use of the corresponding medical classification, the monitoring and treatment of complications such as quality of life and cerebral palsy. (3) The co-citation results showed that: combined with the innovative and effective research of the magnetically controlled growing rod technology, the classification application of spinal deformity and the monitoring and treatment of related complications may be the research trend in this field. (4) Many highly cited articles further emphasized the therapeutic effect of magnetically controlled growing rod technology, providing an effective new idea and technical support for the field of spinal deformity correction. (5) The results of literature keyword explosion analysis demonstrate that the risk factors, medical classification, quality of life, and cerebral palsy of the application of magnetically controlled growing rods may become the research frontier in this field. (6) It can be seen that the application of magnetically controlled growing rod technology in the classification of spinal deformities and the in-depth study of related complications are the development trend in this field, but to further understand the effectiveness and safety of magnetically controlled growing rod technology in the treatment of spinal deformities, we still need long-term follow-up evidence. The overall research level of this field has steadily improved in recent years, but there are also problems such as the small number of high-quality articles and the unbalanced development of research in various regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Based on the SEER (Surveillance, Epidemidogy, and End Results) database, this study retrospectively summarized clinical characteristics, and explored prognostic factors of patients with different histological types of pediatric gliomas. Methods A total of 7759 pediatric patients with gliomas confirmed by histopathology from the SEER database from 2000 to 2015 were included in the study and were classified into pilocytic astrocytoma, medulloblastoma, ependymoma, glioblastoma and other gliomas according to histological classification. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was utilized to compare 5-year survival rates. Univariate log-rank test and multivariate forward selection Cox regression analysis were used to screen the factors related to survival and prognosis. Results According to histological classification, 7759 patients were divided into 2585 cases of pilocytic astrocytoma (33.32%), 2061 cases of medulloblastoma (26.56%), 777 cases of ependymoma (10.01%), 443 cases of glioblastoma (5.71%) and 1893 cases (24.40%) of other types of gliomas. The differences of gender (χ² = 60.390, P = 0.000), age distribution (χ² = 600.318, P = 0.000), tumor size (χ² = 90.773, P = 0.000), location (χ² = 2117.948, P = 0.000) and pathological grade (χ² = 1233.506, P = 0.000) in different histological types were statistically significant respectively. Among them, medulloblastoma (60.89%, 1255/2061) and glioblastoma (57.56%, 255/443) were more likely to occur in male and school age was the peak age of onset (35.48%, 2753/7759); pilocytic astrocytoma and medulloblastoma were mainly small tumors (31.30%, 809/2585; 33.77%, 696/2061) and more likely occurred in cerebellum (42.24%, 1092/2585; 59.58%, 1228/2061); while ependymoma and glioblastoma were larger (32.43%, 252/777; 29.57%, 131/443) and were occurred in supratentorial and cerebral ventricles (36.81%, 286/777; 65.91%, 292/443); only pilocytic astrocytoma was mainly of low grade (24.06%, 622/2585). Survival analysis showed 5-year survival rates of patients with pilocytic astrocytoma, medulloblastoma, ependymoma and glioblastoma were 97.41% (2518/2585), 64.39% (1327/2061), 76.83% (597/777) and 16.25% (72/443) respectively, and difference was statistically significant (χ² = 2145.672, P = 0.000). Univariate log - rank test and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed prognostic factors of different histological types were not consistent, including age at diagnosis, tumor size and location, pathological grade, surgical resection and radiotherapy. Accept pilocytic astrocytoma, surgical resection of patients with medulloblastoma, ependymoma and glioblastoma had positive significance for survival and prognosis; radiotherapy can reduce risk of death in medulloblastoma, but it might increase risk of death in pilocytic astrocytoma. Conclusions Pilocytic astrocytoma is most common pediatric glioma with best prognosis, and glioblastoma has a relatively low incidence with poor prognosis. Demographic information, tumor characteristics and treatment options are all predictive factors for survival and prognosis of children with glioma. Surgical resection can reduce risk of death in children with gliomas of various histological types except pilocytic astrocytoma. Radiotherapy can reduce risk in medulloblastoma, however, it may increase risk of death in pilocytic astrocytoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For a long time, the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric thyroid nodules and cancer (PTNC) are mainly referred to adults. In recent years, it has been found that there are great differences between PTNC and TNC in adults. In 2015, the American Thyroid Association released the first Management Guidelines for Children with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. In the guidelines, the characteristics of PTNC were described, and clear management strategies were provided. In this paper, we mainly interpret the surgical part of the guidelines and also review the associated research progress in recent years.