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The regulations and standards of flammability of textiles for toys in United States, Canada and European Union and other developed countries were explained in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Because of the unique nature and treatment concept of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), TCMs have been respected again since 70s of last century. The regulatory agencies of some developed countries (the FDA, EMA and Health Canada etc) have published new guidance/guidelines/directives in recent years, such as the botanical drug product guidance of the FDA, the evidence for quality of finished natural health products guidance of the Health Canada and the guideline on quality of herbal medicinal products/ traditional herbal medicinal products of the EMA etc. All of the regulatory agencies are willing to scientifically evaluate the herbal medicines and accept it as therapeutic product. This paper analyzed the history of herbal medicine regulation and the similarities and differences of the regulatory requirements of the European Union, the United States and Canada, proposed possible future direction of the international development of Chinese medicine from the perspective of global regulatory affairs.

The development of professionalism in the health care industry has resulted in the existence of distinct lines of demarcation between disciplines. Duplication or absence of services, or lack of connection between services has made it difficult to respond to the needs of people with chronic conditions. With the rapid growth of the population with such conditions, the concept of integrated care has been proposed in order to increase accessibility, quality of care, cost sustainability and user satisfaction for such patients. The main content of this paper includes a definition of integrated care, the rationale behind it, and a model for it, as well as the advantages and disadvantages associated with it. Four integrated care systems were selected from different countries: Social HMO and PACE from USA, SIPA from Canada, Japan's community support system and Taiwan's long-term care resources management centers. Recommendations are also provided for members of the nursing profession actively participating in integrated care systems.

This paper has a review of the transformation of American higher medical education in the early 20th century, which is signalized by the publication of Flexner report in 1910. At the same time, the author also has an analysis on the whole event. The experience of its success or failure is summarized in order to give references to the reform of Chinese higher medical education.