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Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agro-Environment Science is the property of Journal of Agro-Environment Science Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Education Research (1680-6360) is the property of Angle Publishing Co., Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Taiwan Law Review is the property of Angle Publishing Co., Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper reports on results of a comparative study of the long-term care systems and relevant laws in Germany and the Netherlands. Information and data used was obtained through articles in the literature. The character of long-term care systems and the major elements of such in both countries are described in detail, including system development, organizational structures, insurance coverage, payment systems, services, delivery systems, and financial mechanisms. Findings-based recommendations are then offered related to Taiwan's long-term care and emerging long-term care insurance systems. Based on the long-term care insurance implementation experiences of these two nations, the authors propose several policy recommendations, including the following: Premiums, taxes, and government subsidies should provide the major sources of funding for the system in order to minimize risk and achieve equity in service. Co-payments should apply to all provided services in order to reduce abuse of the system. Various financial control mechanisms, including controlling benefit levels and ceilings and applying appropriate care management and financial adjustment mechanisms, are also suggested. As national insurance benefits all insured individuals, premium sharing must consider the equity of relevant stakeholders. Developed service delivery systems should be both highly accessible and use a unified evaluation tool to define the needs of the insured. In addition, the long-term care administration organization should coordinate all current long-term care related services.

During the 38 years of Dutch occupation, by dispatching doctors from the East Indie Company to Taiwan, working at the trading institution for clinical purpose, the Dutchman achieved its missionary and ruling aims. This paper analyses the causes of the Dutch not being able to root on Taiwan. Comparison is made on the medicines between the periods of Dutch occupation and the period of Japanese closed-door policy.