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This document shows the layout for manuscripts to be submitted to the journal of the Japan research association for textile end-uses written in Japanese. Since final images will be made based on the manuscripts prepared by Microsoft Word, authors must follow this document in detail. Authors also must be prepare manuscripts according to the instruction for the preparation of the journal. Final images might be different from the layout produced by the authors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Angle Health Law Review is the property of Angle Publishing Co., Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Min-su ch'ü-i Journal of Chinese Ritual, Theatre & Folklore is the property of Shih Ho-Cheng Folk Culture Foundation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The acceptance of ethical literary criticism in Japan has gone through three stages: initial period, high period and falling period. The main reason for its decline lies in the prevalent misunderstanding in Japanese academia, simply equating ethical literary criticism with Chinese traditional ethical criticism or moral criticism. To dispel misunderstandings and deepen Japanese scholars' understanding of ethical literary criticism, it is necessary to emphasize the interdisciplinary characteristic of ethical literary criticism within the academic community in Japan. Taking into account the characteristics of Japanese literature and the research tradition of Japanese academia, this paper suggests three interdisciplinary approaches: 1) the interdisciplinary path of literature and psychology, which enjoys a broad research base in Japan; 2) the interdisciplinary path of literature and brain science, an area that has not gained substantial research in Japan; 3) the interdisciplinary path of literature and science and technology with significant development prospects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Architectural Journal / Jian Zhu Xue Bao is the property of Architectural Journal Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of South Architecture / Nanfang Jianzhu is the property of South Architecture Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Education Research (1680-6360) is the property of Angle Publishing Co., Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of New Architecture is the property of New Architecture Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of New Architecture is the property of New Architecture Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Smart Rail Transit is the property of Smart Rail Transit Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Min-su ch'ü-i Journal of Chinese Ritual, Theatre & Folklore is the property of Shih Ho-Cheng Folk Culture Foundation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Taiwanese Journal of Political Science is the property of NTU Press & National Taiwan University, Department of Political Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Beijing Institute of Civil Engineering & Architecture is the property of Journal of Beijing University of Civil Engineering & Architecture Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of New Architecture is the property of New Architecture Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mining & Metallurgy (10057854) is the property of Beijing Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy Technology Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Angle Health Law Review is the property of Angle Publishing Co., Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of New Architecture is the property of New Architecture Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Social Sciences & Philosophy is the property of Research Center for Humanities & Social Sciences, Academia Sinica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pearl River is the property of Pearl River Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Rural China is the property of Brill Academic Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Atomic Energy Science & Technology is the property of Editorial Board of Atomic Energy Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Railway Standard Design is the property of Railway Standard Design Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Taiwan Law Review is the property of Angle Publishing Co., Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Public Art is the property of Shanghai Fine Arts Publisher Ltd. co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tourism Tribune / Lvyou Xuekan is the property of Tourism Institute of Beijing Union University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Taiwan Law Review is the property of Angle Publishing Co., Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science / Nongyaoxue Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences is the property of Editorial Board of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tunnel Construction / Suidao Jianshe (Zhong-Yingwen Ban) is the property of Tunnel Construction Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food & Machinery is the property of Food & Machinery Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food & Machinery is the property of Food & Machinery Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To solve the problem that the appearance of knitted clothing was not crisp enough compared with that of woven clothing, an " imitation woven" style knitted clothing were proposed to develop. Therefore, in this paper, the blended yarn (bio based filament and nylon DTY) and transparent nylon yarn were used as raw materials to knit tuck with laying in knitted fabric on SVR 123SP flat knitting machine produced by Shimadzu company in Japan. The bending rigidity of woven fabric, ordinary knitted fabric and imitation woven style knitted fabric were tested and compared. Finally, the design method of "imitation woven" style knitted fabric was put forward, and a kind of imitation woven style knitted coat was designed and developed. The finished product is flat and straight. And the test results show that the bending rigidity of the developed knitted fabric is obviously better than that of the ordinary knitted fabric, which is closer to that of the woven fabric. It indicates that it has imitation woven style. This research provides a new perspective and ideas for the design and research of knitted clothing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Education Research (1680-6360) is the property of Angle Publishing Co., Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology (1008-0864) is the property of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology (1008-0864) is the property of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shanghai Land & Resources / Shanghai Guotu Ziyuan is the property of Editorial Board of Shanghai Land & Resources and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background and aims: In Japan, "Foods with Functional Claims (FFC)" include processed foods (supplement form), other processed foods, and fresh produce. However, far fewer fresh produce-FFCs were submitted for government review compared to processed foods. Using an internet survey, we investigated consumers' general awareness and demand for fresh produce-FFCs compared to processed foods (supplement form) and other processed foods. Methods: A web survey was conducted through a participant recruitment website called "Go-toroku," operated by ORTHOMEDICO Inc. Over 50,000 Japanese registered on Go-toroku were invited to participate. No eligibility criteria were defined for this study. For this survey, a total of 23 questions were developed, covering various aspects such as respondents' background, health consciousness, the frequency of purchasing FFC, the functional claims they are inclined to purchase, and any doubts or concerns they have regarding fresh produce-FFC. Results: The survey ran from May 10 to June 20, 2023, and garnered 1,007 valid responses from participants ages 19 to 87 years. While approximately 80% reported being aware of FFCs, few participants reported having seen or purchased fresh produce-FFCs in stores. The top three FFC areas that they were inclined to want to purchase were "cholesterol-related," "body fat and body mass index (BMI)-related," and "skin-related" (moisture, elasticity, anti-ultraviolet light), regardless of category. Additionally, 36% of respondents expressed doubts or concerns about produce-FFCs, and some of them questioned the effectiveness and safety of these products. Conclusions: The study underscores the need for proper promotions to address consumer concerns or questions and bridge the gap between awareness and practice when it comes to purchasing fresh produce-FFCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Social Sciences & Philosophy is the property of Research Center for Humanities & Social Sciences, Academia Sinica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Taiwanese Journal of Political Science is the property of NTU Press & National Taiwan University, Department of Political Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper is an exploratory study on the travel intentions of mainland Chinese residents to Japan after Diaoyu Island political crisis. Due to the superior location and excellent service, Japan has become one of the most popular outbound tourism destinations for Mainland Chinese tourists in the past 10 years. However, since the complicated and subtle relations between China and Japan, the tourism industry of Japan is evidently sensitive and vulnerable to various crisis. Under such circumstances, it is necessary to investigate the decision tree model research as well as compare domestic and overseas researches at the very beginning of the study. On the basis of literature review and in-depth interview with tourism operators via a three rounds of pre-test and revision, a self-completion questionnaire was developed and used to measure domestic residents' attitude and travel intentions after the Diaoyu Island political crisis. Data was collected through surveys in cities of different sizes from both developed and undeveloped areas in eastern and western China, such as Shanghai and cities in Fujian, Guizhou, Hubei, Jiangsu and Sichuan provinces. All respondents have abilities to travel to Japan economically and potentials to travel. Altogether 800 questionnaires were distributed and 756 were returned. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the travel intention characteristics of domestic residents to Japan utilizing SPSS21.0. Four vital realities were found from the analysis. First, seeking entertainment opportunities can be the main motivation for Chinese residents travelling to Japan. Second, the family-based tour ought to be considered as the main trip mode. Third, the primary channels for tourism information dissemination include travel agencies and tourism e-commercial websites. Fourth, four to six-day staying in Japan could be proved as a suitable choice for domestic residents who prefer travelling during the national holidays and paid vacations. The CHAID decision tree model is reasonably used to analyze the differences of the intentions to travel among potential tourists in China. Based on the decision tree analysis, most citizens would choose to "cancel the travel plan" (29.0%), followed by "replace tourist destination" and "postpone the travel", yet only 19.6% would "travel as scheduled" in the light of the post impacts of Diaoyu Island political crisis. There could be no doubt that the vast majority of citizens in China lay emphasis on the macro political environment when making a travel decision. Four dominant nodes were generated in tree simulation, namely respective age, number of times to Japan, monthly income and marital status. This study has made a detailed analysis on the causes, and provides each group with tailored marketing measures eventually. Thereby, mixed measures should be implemented, including short-term and long-term plans, to recover the tourism market effectively. From the perspective of crisis decision-making and crisis marketing, this study segments the mainland Chinese citizens in order to disclose the heterogeneity and clustering features of them. The results of the study may set up a systematic foundation for better positioning potential tourists by furnishing an exploratory method for crisis management and crisis marketing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been more than 70 years since the end of World War II. During this period, "peace" and "development" have become two major themes for all human beings, although war still exists in some areas of the world. Under this background, the global tourism industry has experienced a rapid growth for a long time. However, the tourism development brings not only economic benefits but also problems for tourism destinations. Millions of tourists have exerted negative impacts on urban destinations in terms of their physical (transportation, water, electronic resource, etc.) and nonphysical (society, culture, belief of the residents, etc.) elements. In this regard, this article aims to build a model of social- psychological carrying capacity of residents using FAHP (fuzzy analytic hierarchy process) method. The paper is divided into six parts: introduction, literature review, concepts and establishment of the evaluation index system, introduction of the mathematical methods (FAHP), application research on the Asakusa area in Tokyo, and future directions. The literature review focuses on the development process of carrying capacity theory in terms of the traceability concept from ecology, sociology, economics and political science. Theory establishment includes two parts: definition of the concept of residents'social- psychological carrying capacity and the establishment of the evaluation index system which can be studied from five aspects: politics, economy, culture, ecological environment and tourism facilities, and society. The FAHP method and application research are introduced in part 4 and part 5 separately. The method of FAHP is mainly used to solve the problems of fuzzy understanding and language evaluation logic, from a fuzzy theory perspective. It is suitable for a qualitative study on building theory of carrying capacity, especially in the evaluation of psychiatric and psychosocial aspects of intangible resources. The application research undertaken in the Asakusa area of Tokyo examined the residents' social-psychological carrying capacity. The results showed that indicators of culture and customs, life-style of residents, garbage and social security have received relative low values, indicating that the development of tourism has already had negative effects on local residents' daily lives. Indicators of restaurant number, public green spaces, and the relationship between residents, awareness of residents' environment protection and the regional visibility have received relative high values. Future studies should focus on the follow aspects: the reality of social development of Japan, improvement of mathematical methods in fuzzy area, studies using computer technologies, mutual influences of different elements and their impacts, non- physical elements' content and its research methods, etc. Future such studies should be conducted using different methods and from various perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Textile Leader is the property of China Textile Information Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zhongguo Kejishi Zazhi (Chinese Journal for the History of Science & Technology) is the property of Chinese Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the spring of 2011, Japan was struck by a massive earthquake and tsunami that brought in its wake devastation and a severe threat of a nuclear crisis. The threat of this crisis took the world by storm because it had implications not only for the people of Japan but for other parts of the world. This paper analyzes how an US-based online news source, CNN.com and a Japan-based online news source, Asahi.com, framed the 3/11 disaster. This comparative analysis of how online news sources from two parts of the world covered the crisis offers a unique understanding of how culture and medium might impact reporting of an environmental crisis that happened locally but had global implications. An examination of loss, threat, cause, responsibility and solution frames of the CNN.com and Asahi.com coverage documented that while both outlets were similar in how they stressed the responsibility and solution frames, CNN.com talked significantly more about the threat frame compared to Asahi.com. Similarly, Asahi.com talked significantly more about the cause and loss frames than CNN.com. Through its findings, this paper offers insights into cross-cultural crises framing by online sources and expands the literature on media framing of environmental crises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper employs the law hermeneutics method to explore deficiencies in the procurement law for approved textbooks in compulsory education. The following deficiencies were found: 1. Article 8-3 of National Educational Law conflicts with the principle of charging textbooks costs as "agency fees". 2. Article 8-3 of National Educational Law violates the "Bestimmtheitsgebot". 3. The regulation about procuring textbooks drawn up by the Minister of Education violates the "Vorbehalt des Gesetzes". 4. Procuring textbooks by signing an interentity supply contract according to the Government Procurement Act violates "Vorrang des Gesetzes". This paper also refers to related laws and regulations of the Japanese textbook procurement system and submits suggestions for revising laws for procuring textbooks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The creation of painting in Taiwan in the early twentieth century was first inspired by Japanese art teachers. The new idea of "realistic painting" introduced at the time allowed the discovery of "local colors." However, the Taiwanese painters who employed the artistic ideal of "painting one's intent" were able to escape the limitation imposed by the concept of "local colors." How did the painters explore the artistic styles offered by the new global contexts through the colonization of Japan is an important issue that requires in-depth investigation. This issue is further complicated by painters who were not only influenced by the Japanese arts but also the traditional Chinese arts, as some of the Taiwanese painters moved to China after their training in Japan in order to search for a new style that conflates the Eastern and the Western arts. Taking several painters, Liu Jintang, Chen Chengpo, and Guo Bochuan as examples, this paper explores issues of identity, cultural impacts, and stylistic developments of the arts in the early twentieth century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]