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The anomalous concentration of gold in coals makes it a potential resource exploitation area of gold that has win geological workers' attention. Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) on concentration of gold of 116 coal samples and gangue samples of Longtan Formation of the upper Permian and Changxing Formation in Southwestern Guizhou Province was conducted so as to make investigations on gold's distribution characteristics and occurrence modes and to further probe into its main source and enrichment mechanism. Studies show that concentration range of gold in coals in Southwestern Guizhou is from 1 ng/g to 30 ng/g, with an average value being 13.75 ng/g, which is well above the sedimentary rock abundance and the world average abundance of coal. Areas where the anomalous concentration of gold is really high are principally in the "triangle" area composed of Ziyun-Yadu deep fault, Shizong-Guiyang deep fault and Kaiyuan-Pingtang fault. Hydrothermal solution containing gold is the main material source for the gold in coals in Southwestern Guizhou Province while mantle plume and deep magmatic activities are the thermodynamic source for the solution's migration into coal beds, that is, after the hydrothermal solution containing gold, under tectonic forcing, migrated to the coal bed along fault belt, ore-forming fluid would lose stability because of organic matter effect and physicochemical changes such as concentration, temperature, pressure and pH value, which led to the precipitation and enrichment of ore-forming elements like gold in coals in the research area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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