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The restoration and reconstruction of mangrove wetland ecosystem is one of the key research fields in ecological restoration in the coastal zone of South China. In order to reveal the physiological and ecological strategies to light conditions of mangrove species, the characteristics of leaf soluble protein contents and activities of antioxidant enzymes in seedlings of eight mangrove species(Sonneratia apetala, Kandelia obovata, Bruguiera gymnorhiza, Aegiceras corniculatum, Acanthus ilicifolius, Acrostichum aureum, Heritiera littoralis and Hibiscus tiliaceus)under different light intensity treatments(100%, 45%, 30%, and 10% of natural light intensity)were studied using shading control experiment. The results were as follows:(1)Low light intensities had little effect on the leaf soluble protein contents of Bruguiera gymnorhiza, Acanthus ilicifolius and Acrostichum aureum, whereas the other five species showed a decreasing trend of leaf soluble protein contents with the decline in light intensity.(2)The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and ascorbate peroxidase(APX)in the leaves of Bruguiera gymnorhiza, Acanthus ilicifolius and Acrostichum aureum under 10% of natural light intensity treatment had no significant differences compared with the control, while the other five mangrove species showed a decreasing trend of all the five antioxidant enzyme activities. In conclusion, the results indicate that Bruguiera gymnorhiza, Acanthus ilicifolius and Acrostichum aureum are suitable to be planted under the forest with high canopy density, while Sonneratia apetala, Kandelia obovata, Aegiceras corniculatum, Heritiera littoralis, Hibiscus tiliaceus are suitable to be planted under the forest with lower canopy density or planted as middle and upper layer tree species in mangrove. The results of this study provide theoretical guidance for the optimal allocation of artificial mangrove communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose: Anti-programmed death-1 (anti-PD-1) adjuvant therapy and targeted therapy have resulted in longer recurrence-free survival (RFS) for malignant melanoma patients in clinical trials. However, the efficacy of adjuvant anti-PD-1 therapy in Chinese melanoma patients has not been previously reported. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze the RFS in Chinese resected stage III malignant melanoma patients treated with adjuvant anti-PD-1 therapy and to preliminarily compare it with BRAFV600 inhibitor vemurafenib. Methods: This study retrospectively collected the information of 120 patients with resected stage Ⅲ malignant melanoma from three major cancer centers in China from August 30, 2018 to August 30, 2020. These patients received adjuvant pembrolizumab/toripalimab or vemurafenib. RFS rates were assessed by Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests were used to examined differences. Results: Among the 90 patients with stage III malignant melanoma receiving adjuvant anti-PD-1 therapy, the median-RFS (mRFS) was 16 months (95% CI: 14-18 months); the 12-month RFS rate was 69.5% (95% CI: 64.6%-74.4%) and the 24-month RFS rate was 45.8% (95% CI: 40.5%-51.1%). The mRFS for 30 patients who received vemurafenib was 18 months (95% CI: 10-21 months), the 12-month RFS rate was 62.8% (95% CI: 54.0%-71.6%), and the 24-month RFS rate was 32.9% (95% CI: 27.1%-44.7%). In the stratified analysis, firstly, there was no difference in RFS between anti-PD-1 therapy group and vemurafenib group. Secondly, the BRAFV600E mutation status may did not affect the RFS of anti-PD-1 therapy. In addition, in this study, for the patients with BRAFV600E mutation, the RFS showed no difference between these patients received anti-PD-1 therapy or vemurafenib. Finally, although the RFS was better in patients with cutaneous melanoma than in patients with acral and worst in patients of unknown origin, the data for adjuvant therapy in China were still poor. Conclusion: These are the real-world data from adjuvant anti-PD-1 therapy in patients with resected stage III cutaneous and acral melanoma patients in China. In our study, adjuvant anti-PD-1 therapy is indistinguishable from vemurafenib indicates more combination therapies are needed to improve outcome in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To discuss the clinical features, diagnosis, prognosis and tissue sources of prepubertal-type testicular neuroendocrine tumor. Methods: A case of prepubertal-type testicular neuroendocrine tumor was reported. Simultaneously, 48 cases reported in China were retrieved for literatures review. Results: The left testicle of the patient was swollen for 8 years, with progressive growth and pain. Imaging examination diagnosis maybe testicular germ cell tumor. The pathological diagnosis was a testicular neuroendocrine tumor, prepubertal-type and postoperative imaging excluded metastasis. During 3 years following-up, the patient had no recurrence or metastasis. Conclusion: Pprepubertal-type testicular neuroendocrine tumor is a rare neuroendocrine tumor, and accounts for about 0.23% of testicular tumors. Clinical manifestations and images of it are not specific, the diagnosis mainly depends on pathology, and the treatment is mainly radical surgery, and the prognosis is good. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to identify the sources of the sediment of Xiliugou River and research its transporting along the river, the sediments at the river bed of the mainstream were sampled and the gradation of the grain size of the samples were tested and analyzed. The results show that the sediment gradation of riverbed along the river from upstream to downstream can be divided into three sections, hilly area, desert area and plain area, the median grain size of each section from upstream to downstream changes from coarse to fine. In hilly area the grain size decreases rapidly, then continues to decrease in the desert area and finally remain stable in the alluvial plain with an average median diameter of 2 mm in upstream to 0. 157 mm in downstream. Of the grain size gradation in hilly area, the parts with grain size greater than 0. 5 mm account for more than 70%, but disappear in the plain area. The riverbed in desert area is the transition zone, and the range of grain size is larger. In the plain area, the parts of sediment with grain size of 0. 1-0. 25 mm account for about 62%, and the proportion of sediment with grain size minor than 0. 1 mm increases significantly. Thus, the sediment carried by floods is sorted along the river, and the gravels are mainly deposited in the upper hilly area, and a small part of them further deposited in the desert area. The sediments deposited in the riverbed in the lower plain are mainly from the desert area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Air pollution has become more and more serious in China recently, and the volatile organic compounds CVOCs) is a main cause of air pollution. The VOCs also play an important role as the precursors of the ozone and the secondary organic aerosol (SOA). A high-resolution photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOF MS) based on the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) lamps was developed, and a new method for dilution sampling of VOCs was established. The developed dilution sample method directly fed the sewage discharged from the high temperature and high pressure vessel into the sampling bottle after buffering. Firstly, an analysis and research was carried out for the process of the wastewater of a refinery in transport, storage and emissions, and then this method was used in the sampling and analysis of VOCs in the petrochemical industry sewage treatment system. According to the layout of the sewage treatment system in the petrochemical enterprise, general environmental protection sampling points were selected. In addition, sampling points were set up upstream and downstream of the plant area, and then sampling points were determined according to field investigation. The results showed that no high-concentration VOCs were detected in the three tanks of oil separation system. Among them, dissolved air flotation toluene had the highest mass concentration (50. 41 mg/ L), while the mass concentration of other components ranged mostly from O. 1 to 1. 0 mg/ L. Similar component concentrations were found in 1 # hydrogenation and 2 # hydrogenation oil separation tanks. Take 1 # hydrogenation oil separation tank as an example, the mass concentration of toluene is 10. 60 m g/ L, ethylben zene is 52. 33 mg/L, and benzene is 59. 80 mg / L and so o n. Because the oil separating tank in tank area was not capped and in open air, the VOCs was easy to diffuse into the atmosphere, and no higher concentration components were detected. The results also showed that new sampling method effectively diluted the quantitative sample, the operation was simple, and the loss of the VOCs due to the flashing process was reduced, so the detected substances were more abundant. At the same time, the self-developed TOFMS can be used to detect the sewage treatment system of different devices quickly. The results showed that most of the closed cells of chemical enterprises contained benzene series and ethers, but there were significant differences in the VOCs from different processes. Mass spectrometer can be well applied to the monitoring of VOCs in the petro chemical enterprises' sewage systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]