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Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Journal of Remote Sensing is the property of Editorial Office of Journal of Remote Sensing & Science Publishing Co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To improve the water dispersibility of graphene based powder photocatalyst, titanium dioxide / graphene (TG) was first prepared using a hydrothermal method in this paper, and then the ternary composite photocatalytic materials were prepared by covalently grafting TG with dyes containing hydrophilic groups. The bandgap, water dispersibility, and photocatalytic degradation performance of methylene blue (MB) simulated wastewater of the photo-catalysts were mainly investigated. The results showed that the bandgaps of the DTG series of composites were narrowed compared to that of TG, extending the light response range to the visible light region. The composite D2.70 TG exhibited good water dispersibility, and no significant precipitation aggregation occurred after 7 days of testing. The removal rate of MB in the simulated wastewater by D2.70 TG under the irradiation of visible light for 2 h was over 99%, and the removal rate remained above 95% after 5 cycles of experimentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a kind of ultra-clear glass with high antibacterial properties was prepared with high temperature melting method by introducing AgNO3 as the effective antibacterial component. The glass has good visible light transmittance, colorimetric value and antibacterial properties, in which the visible light transmittance of the glass at 380 ~780 nm is about 91.5%. With the increase of AgNO3 content, the brightness of glass gradually decreases and the yellow phase increases, but the degree of yellowing is small. The antibacterial rate of glass against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus is more than 90%. The phase analysis and valence state analysis of Ag were carried out by XRD and XPS, and the dissolution of Ag+ in glass samples was analyzed by ICP-OES. XRD and XPS test results show that the glass is amorphous, and the doped Ag element exists in the form of Ag+ rather than Ag elemental. In addition, the amount of Ag+ dissolved in the glass increases with the increase of time, but the dissolution rate of Ag+ decreases. The amount of Ag+ dissolved in the glass samples of each group is consistent with the result of antibacterial detection within 24 h, which confirms the antibacterial property of the AgNO3 in glass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Visible light communication (VLC) technology, which utilizes LED lamps to achieve short range wireless communication, is a candidate technology for the next generation of wireless communication. Indoor high-precision positioning is of great significance for location based services (LBS) applications in areas such as the interior of buildings where cannot be located by GPS. This paper designs a visible light communication system that integrates high-precision positioning functions and achieves large-scale networking of 210 LEDs through power line communication (PLC). This system is suitable for future indoor mobile robot applications. The test show that the average data rate of visible light communication of this system is 130.9 Kb/s, and the achievable positioning accuracy is less than 3.5 cm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, ZnO/ g-C3N4 series composite photocatalysts were prepared by thermal polymerization and hydrothermal method. The structure, morphology and light absorption properties of the prepared samples were characterized and tested. The photocatalytic performance of these samples was evaluated by the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) and the photolysis aquatic hydrogen under visible light irradiation. The experimental results indicate that the performances of the ZnO/ g-C3N4 composite photocatalysts are superior to those of ZnO and g-C3N4 . Moreover, when the molar ratio of ZnO and g-C3N4 is 1:1, the photocatalytic performance of the prepared ZnO/ g-C3N4 composite samples is the best. On the one hand, the degradation rate of the 1:1 composite sample reaches 94. 36% after only 30 min, and the degradation rate is 5. 6 and 6. 7 times that of ZnO and g-C3 N4, respectively. On the other hand, the photolysis aquatic hydrogen of the 1:1 sample after 6 h is 11. 75 mmol, and the photolysis aquatic hydrogen rate is 7 times that of g-C3N4 . The results show that the ZnO/ g-C3N4 composite photocatalyst has excellent performance in pollutant degradation and photolysis aquatic hydrogen. In addition, the photocatalytic degradation and photolysis aquatic hydrogen mechanism of ZnO/ g-C3N4 series composite photocatalyst are also studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Condiment is the property of China Condiment and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica is the property of Acta Materiea Compositae Sinica Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Systems Engineering & Electronics is the property of Journal of Systems Engineering & Electronics Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Laser Biology / Acta Laser Biology Sinica is the property of Acta Laser Biology Sinica Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystal & Displays is the property of Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystal & Displays and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Geography & Geographic Information Science is the property of Geography & Geo-Information Science Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics (2097-2806) is the property of China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Synthetic Crystals is the property of Journal of Synthetic Crystals Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications is the property of Beijing Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications Journal Co Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Synthetic Crystals is the property of Journal of Synthetic Crystals Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Study on Optical Communications / Guangtongxin Yanjiu is the property of Study on Optical Communications Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Study on Optical Communications / Guangtongxin Yanjiu is the property of Study on Optical Communications Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystal & Displays is the property of Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystal & Displays and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology (1008-0864) is the property of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mining & Metallurgy (10057854) is the property of Beijing Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy Technology Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Textile Leader is the property of China Textile Information Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica is the property of Acta Materiea Compositae Sinica Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Beijing University of Technology is the property of Journal of Beijing University of Technology, Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objectives]In order to eliminate the interference of soil background in the process of spectral indices measurement and overcome the dependence of existing spectral detection methods on structural light,the self-adaption segmentation algorithm of crop canopy region was studied in this paper. [Methods]In this paper,two cameras with narrow-band filters were used to build the measurement system,and the geometric installation parameters of the two cameras were calibrated. The ratio of the valley gray value of the narrow-band image gray histogram to the maximum gray value was used as a normalization threshold to achieve optical environment adaptability of narrow-band image segmentation. On the basis of realizing the segmentation of soil and canopy in the near-infrared narrow-band image,the canopy regions of the narrow-band images in the visible light band were derived by geometric transformation,and the narrow-band image of visible light could be segmented. [Results]In the height range of 80-140 cm,a measurement height was set every 10 cm,and each group collected 5 sets of narrow-band images(770 and 660 nm)of green radish with an average height of 25 cm. After the image acquisition was completed,the camera with the 660 nm filter was replaced with 770 nm to retake 5 photos as the reference images for the 660 nm images’ segmentation effect. The results showed that each average overlap of the segmentation region of the 660 nm image and the segmentation region of the reference image was greater than 99%. At the same time,the non-normalized thresholds and normalized thresholds of the 770 nm narrow-band images of 50 green radish photographed in the range of 10 000-26 000 lx were calculated,and their correlation coefficients with light intensity were 0.586 6 and 0.091 6,respectively. [Conclusions]The segmentation method based on normalized threshold proposed in this paper has strong adaptability to the changes of light environment. Combined with normalized threshold and geometric transformation,it can realize the segmentation of narrow-band images and provide effective basic data for constructing spectral indices which eliminate soil interference such as normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Beijing University of Technology is the property of Journal of Beijing University of Technology, Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Piezoelectrics & Acoustooptics is the property of Piezoelectric & Acoustooptic and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper proposes a novel Non-linear Camera Assisted-Received Signal Strength (nCA-RSS) algorithm. The basic idea of nCA-RSS is to simultaneously utilize camera and Photo-Diode (PD) to capture visual information and signal strength in- formation to achieve both high coverage and accurate positioning. First, based on single-view geometry theorem, nCA-RSS algorithm estimates incidence angle of visible light based on visual information. Then, based on the estimated incidence angle, nCA-RSS algorithm utilizes signal strength to determine the location of the receiver. Due to the use of visual formation, nCA- RSS no longer has orientation limitations. Based on Levenberg-Marquardt, nCA-RSS can use three Light Emitting Diode (LED) to achieve precise 3-Dlmensional (3D) positioning. Therefore, compared with perspective n point algorithm, nCA-RSS can achieve high coverage. Simulation results show that nCA-RSS can achieve 80th percent!! accuracies of less than 2. 5 cm for positioning regardless of the orientation of the receiver. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Study on Optical Communications / Guangtongxin Yanjiu is the property of Study on Optical Communications Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective This paper introduces a method for determining the calorific value of natural gas by using the correlation of sound velocity and visible light spectrum, so that domestic natural gas quality detection and energy measurement workers and enterprises can more effectively carry out the research and standardization of this method, and provide more diversified choices for the determination methods of calorific value of natural gas. Methods Based on the comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of various natural gas calorific value determination methods and related standards, the method principle of using sound velocity and visible light spectrum correlation to determine the calorific value of natural gas is introduced, and the calorific value data of a group of gas reference materials determined by gas chromatography and the introduced correlation method are analyzed. Results The measured value of calorific value of natural gas determined by the correlation between sound velocity and visible light spectrum is in good agreement with the calculated value according to GB/T 11062-2020 Natural gas-Calculation of calorific values, density, relative density and Wobbe indices from composition. For six binary gas reference materials simulating natural gas, the relative deviation is between 0.08%-0.42%; For five kinds of multi-component （up to 14 components） gas reference materials simulating natural gas, the relative deviation is-0.45%-0.07%. Conclusions The feasibility of measuring the calorific value of natural gas by using the correlation between sound velocity and visible light spectrum is preliminarily verified. This method has the characteristics and advantages that multiple data can be obtained within 1 s, synchronized with flow measurement, and the measurement is not limited by gas components and not effected by H2. It is suggested to further carry out the research on accuracy, measurement range, precision and field application, and timely establish standard methods, level 0 test devices of calorific value direct combustion, gas compression factor, density and other test devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystal & Displays is the property of Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystal & Displays and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper, a method is proposed to locate the insulator automatically in aerial image based on binarized normed gradients (BING) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Firstly, we extract insulator candidate windows with BING algorithm. Secondly, we identify the windows containing insulator with convolution neural networks. Finally, the weighted iteration of the window set with high overlap is used to acquire the final insulator positioning results. The method proposed in this paper is validated with the transmission line aerial images obtained by the actual inspection of the large-scale unmanned helicopter of Guangdong Grid Co. Experiment shows that the recall of insulators with complex background is 90. 5% and the positioning accuracy is 92%, which means the proposed method can effectively locate the insulators in aerial image with complex background, the method also has strong versatility, and can he adapted to the visible light image of different background. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Sciencepaper is the property of China Sciencepaper and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Telecommunication Engineering is the property of Telecommunication Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications (Natural Science Edition) is the property of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Study on Optical Communications / Guangtongxin Yanjiu is the property of Study on Optical Communications Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystal & Displays is the property of Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystal & Displays and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aiming at the problem of insufficient background information and low contrast of the fusion result of infrared and visible light images, this paper proposed a fusion method combining guided filtering and fast co-occurrence filtering. First, it decomposed source images into a detail layer and a base layer by Gaussian filtering. Then it simplified the co-occurrence filtering by removing the range filter and global statistical co-occurrence information to form a fast co-occurrence filter, and then used it to fuse the detail layer. In addition, it introduced a window factor, and determined window for guided filter by the ratio of the image size and the window factor, then used it to fuse the base layer. Experimental results show that the algorithm increases the background details of the image and improves the contrast between the person and the background. Subjective and objective experimental analysis verifies the effectiveness of the algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystal & Displays is the property of Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystal & Displays and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications (Natural Science Edition) is the property of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Harbin University of Science & Technology is the property of Journal of Harbin University of Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications (Natural Science Edition) is the property of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)