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This article presents a review of “The Origin of Modern Industry,” written by Professor Zhang Weiliang, which discusses British industrialization. Zhang is also the author of “The History of the Commercialization of British Society: 1500-1700.” Zhang argues that a country’s modernization process can be categorized as occurring either as a “modernization from within” or as a “modernization from without.” The advent of British industrialization was a typical example of “modernization from within.” Zhang explains the concept of proto-industrialization, which was characterized by the increasing involvement of farmers in market-oriented production. The transfer from proto-industrialization to industrialization was pushed by British agricultural and social changes, increased consumer needs, the liberalization of merchant activities, and technological modernization.