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Copyright of Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences is the property of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences is the property of Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences is the property of Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objective] Water and nutrients combine to mediate crop acquisition of resources from soil. This paper studies the integrated effect of irrigation and fertilization on yield and fruit quality, as well as water use efficiency of substrate-cultured tomato. [Method] The experiment was conducted in a solar greenhouse at Hexi in northwestern China. The substrates used in the experiment comprised 50% of corn straw, 30% of slag, and 20% of cow dung and biological microbes. There were four irrigation-fertigation treatments: N 615 kg/hm², P2O5 315 kg/hm², K2O 750 kg/hm², and irrigation 6 000 m³/hm² (T0, used by local farmers); N 435 kg/hm², P2O5 150 kg/hm², K2O 600 kg/hm², and irrigation 4 500 m³/hm² (T1); reducing the irrigation and fertilization in T0 by 10% (T2), reducing the irrigation and fertilization in T1 by 10% (T3). For each treatment, we measured fruit yield and quality, and its water use efficiency. [Result] Irrigation and fertilization affected fruit yield and quality, and the water-fertilizer utilization efficiency significantly. The biomass, oxidase activity, proline, quality indexes, yield, and water -fertilizer utilization efficiency of the crop were the highest in T3, least in T0, with T1 and T2 between. T3 gave the highest commercial-standard tomato fruits (87%) and best fruit flavor, with the ratio of soluble sugar to organic acids being 5.13. Compared to T0, other treatments increased the fruit yield by 3.6% to 27.8%. T3 gave the highest yield (152 489.25 kg/hm²), the highest irrigation water use efficiency and partial fertilizer productivity, which were 30.8 kg/m³ and 116.9 kg/kg, respectively. [Conclusion] Irrigating 4 950 m³/hm² of water coupled with fertilizing 480 kg/hm² N, 165 kg/hm² P2O5 and 660 kg/hm² K2O was optimal to improve growth, fruit yield and quality, and water-fertilizer use efficiency of the substrate-cultured tomato grown in solar greenhouses in the arid areas in Hexi, northwestern China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Feed Research is the property of Editorial Board of Feed Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

(Objective) Aggregation is an important soil health indicator modulating many soil functions including nutrient bioavailability and carbon sequestration. It is affected by a multitude of factors. The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization on soil aggregation and soil organic carbon. (Method) The experiment was conducted in a winter wheat field. It consisted of two nitrogen applications: 0 (N0) and 180 kg/hm2 (N180), two irrigation treatments: sufficient irrigation (F) and deficit irrigation using 65% of the water in F. In each treatments, we measured water-stable aggregates and soil organic carbon.(Result) 1 Deficit irrigation coupled with nitrogen fertilization increased water-stable macroaggregates with diameter ≥0.25 mm. Nitrogen fertilization increased organic carbon in the top 0~30 cm soil layer by more than 3.59% when irrigation was the same, while deficit irrigation increased organic carbon in the same soil layer by more than 2.86% when nitrogen fertilization was the same. 2 Soil moisture directly affected soil carbon, explaining 83.9% of the change in total organic carbon, while nitrogen indirectly affected soil carbon, explaining 46.89% of change in the total organic carbon. 3 The direct impact of water-stable aggregates on soil carbon was negative, while its direct influence was positive.(Conclusion) The effect of nitrogen fertilization on soil aggregation was modulated by irrigation. Nitrogen fertilization combined with deficient irrigation boosted carbon accumulation in the topsoil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agro-Environment Science is the property of Journal of Agro-Environment Science Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to explore the responses of growth, photosynthetic characteristics and nutrient accumulation of Cunninghamia lanceolata container seedlings to different amounts of slow-release fertilizer application. In this paper, the effects of different amounts of slow-release fertilizer application treatments(0, 200, 400, 800, 1 000 and 1 200 g·m-3)on the growth of seedlings height, ground diameters, biomass, photosynthetic pigment content, chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and nutrient content of C. lanceolata seedlings were investigated. Moreover, subordinate function value method was also employed to comprehensive evaluate the growth and physiology indexes of seedlings under different fertilization treatments, and screening suitable slow-release fertilizer levels for the growth of C. lanceolata seedlings, which providing reference for the efficiency cultivation of high quality C. lanceolata seedlings. The results were as follows:(1)Compared with the control, the slow-release fertilizer application could promote the growth of seedling height, ground diameter and the accumulation of total biomass of C. lanceolata seedlings to varying degrees.(2)The slow-release fertilizer treatments could significantly increase the contents of chlorophyll and carotenoid in leaves of C. lanceolata as compared with control. In addition, slow-release fertilizer treatments also increased the values of maximum fluorescence(Fm), variable fluorescence(Fv), maximum photochemical efficiency of PS Ⅱ(Fv/Fm), potential photochemical efficiency of PS Ⅱ(Fv/Fo)and actual quantum yield(QY)to varying degrees when compared with control.(3)The slow-release fertilizer treatments could promote the nutrient accumulation in seedlings of C. lanceolata to varying degrees, among which the contents of Mn, Fe and Zn were found to be changed most significantly.(4)The results of subordinate function value method showed that when the amount of slow-release fertilizer application was 1 000 g·m-3, its membership value was the largest, which indicated that the comprehensive growth of seedlings under this treatment was the best. In conclusion, the amount of 1 000 g·m-3 slow-release fertilizer application is the most suitable treatment for the cultivation of high quality seedlings of C. lanceolata in the present study, under this treatment, the growth of C. lanceolata seedlings can be improved by increasing the accumulation of nutrient elements closely related to photosynthesis, thus increasing the contents of photosynthetic pigment in leaves, which in turn enhance the PS Ⅱ photosynthetic efficiency and electron transfer rate, further enhance the efficiency of light energy capture and utilization of leaves, and ultimately improve seedling growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article explained the definition and attribute of municipal sludge in Beijing, analyzed the production and discharge characteristics and studied the development course of disposal and utilization of municipal sludge in Beijing. The results show that the development of Beijing municipal sludge disposal and utilization mainly includes three stages, the first stage before 1999, started sludge drying and stumping fertilizer; the second stage from 1999 to 2012,the slow development stage of disposal and utilization, the demonstration plant of sludge treatment was established, using various drying technologies and incineration treatment modes; the third stage is from 2012 to now, the sludge treatment technology in the central district of city is the advanced anaerobic digestion of thermal hydrolysis, and the disposal mode is mainly land use, forming a typical Gao Antun sludge treatment mode. On the basis of the current situation of municipal sludge treatment in Beijing, this paper summarizes relevant policies and technical standards of sludge treatment in Beijing, and introduces the new progress of low-carbon and green transformation of municipal sludge disposal in Beijing which provides certain reference and reference for the treatment and disposal of municipal sludge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Central China Normal University is the property of Huazhong Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

【Objective】The present paper aimed to clarify the comprehensive soil fertility status of pitaya orchards in Hainan province, and the spatial distribution and changing trend of soil nutrients in pitaya orchards in Hainan province were analyzed and predicted by means of survey sampling and statistical methods, so as to provide the basis for scientific fertilization and soil management of pitaya orchards.【Method】60 soil samples were collected from pitaya orchards in the main producing areas of Hainan province.Soil pH, organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium, available copper and available zinc were used as evaluation indicators.Inverse distance weight interpolation method（IDW） was used to analyze the spatial distribution of each index, and used the factor analysis method combined with IDW to evaluate and predict the comprehensive soil fertility of the pitaya orchards in the survey area.【Result】The orchard soil in the survey area was neutral and slightly acidic, and 50% of the soil samples, pH were lower than 6.5; The organic matter content was moderately low, and some areas of Ledong and Sanya were insufficient; The average value of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen was only 79.17 mg/kg, and the soil in the survey area was relatively lack of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen; The content of available phosphorus and available potassium were both high, and the average available phosphorus was 119.06 mg/kg, far exceeding its environmental risk threshold（60 mg/kg）; Orchards in the survey area the content of trace elements in the soil was relatively abundant. The IDW prediction map showed that the content of trace elements in Dongfang and Lingshui was high, and the content of Ledong and Sanya was low; Based on the analysis of the comprehensive score IFI, the results of the comprehensive fertility prediction of pitaya orchards in the entire study area using IDW showed that the eastern part of the study area, the comprehensive soil fertility of the orchards in the eastern and western regions of the study area was relatively high, while the soil comprehensive fertility of the orchards in the central part of Ledong and Sanya was relatively low.【Conclusion】The pitaya orchards in Ledong and Sanya still need to increase the input of organic fertilizers or increase the application of lime to improve the soil pH and supplement the medium and trace elements; The orchards in the survey area need to increase the input of nitrogen fertilizer and control the application of phosphate fertilizer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology (1008-0864) is the property of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Resources & Environment / Nongye Ziyuan yu Huanjing Xuebao is the property of Journal of Agricultural Resources & Environment Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Fritillaria thunbergii is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine, which has the effects of clearing heat and resolving stagnation, eliminating phlegm and relieving cough. At present, it is mostly produced by cultivation, and the cultivation process requires application of base fertilizer, winter fertilizer, seedling fertilizer and late top dressing. Now farmyard manure or organic fertilizer can be used to replace the base fertilizer and winter fertilizer, but the research on the replacement of organic fertilizer has not been completed for the late top dressing. Potassium fulvate is a kind of fulvate fertilizer, which can not only regulate the growth of crops but also supplement potassium necessary for the growth of crops. In this paper, using F. thunbergii as a model plant with mature cultivation techniques, the effect of potassium fulvate on the quality and yield of rhizome traditional Chinese medicine F. thunbergii was systematically studied for the first time. HPLC-ELSD was used to determine the contents of peimine A and peimine B, hot dip method was used to determine the content of alcohol extract, and the SPAD-502 Plus chlorophyll meter was used to detect SPAD value. The results showed that applying 1.5 to 2.25 kg·hm~(-2) of potassium fulvic acid per hectare could effectively improve the yield of F. thunbergii and there was significantly difference between potassium phosphate monobasic and potassium fulvic acid in terms of quality. After the application of range 1.5 to 2.25 kg·hm~(-2) of potassium fulvic acid per hectare, the content of alcohol soluble extract of F. thunbergii was ranged 21.61% to 22.27%, the total amount of peimine A and peimine B were ranged 0.09% to 0.10%. Applying 1.5 to 2.25 kg·hm~(-2) of potassium fulvic acid per hectare could replace the conventional pure chemical fertilizer potassium phosphate monobasic, which could be used as top dressing fertilizer for the cultivation of F. thunbergii.

Copyright of Journal of Agro-Environment Science is the property of Journal of Agro-Environment Science Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objective] The present paper aimed to study the impact of organic and inorganic combined application on the organic carbon composition, carbon bank management index and organic carbon functional group of tobacco planting soil in Wuxi county, so as to provide reference for improving the quality of tobacco planting soil and reasonable fertilization. [Method] Four treatments were set up under the condition of constant nitrogen input in field experiment: chemical fertilizer（CF）, chemical fertilizer with mushroom slag organic fertilizer（CMO）, chemical fertilizer with high carbon-based fertilizer（CHB）, and chemical fertilizer with biological organic fertilizer（CBO）. The effect of organic and inorganic application on soil carbon reservoir was studied by measuring total organic carbon and active carbon functional group structure using Fourier infrared spectrometry（FTIR）. [Result] （i） Compared with single organic fertilizer, the soil supplemented with organic fertilizer was slightly increased, and there was no significant difference between the treatments, significantly increased the output value on flue-cured tobacco leaf;（ii） The DOC, MBC content of the soil active carbon bank treated with organic fertilizer was significantly higher than that of single chemical fertilizer treatment. Among them, CMO treatment showed the largest increase in soil DOC content, thus being 67. 13%, 12. 84%, and 28. 54% higher than CF, CHB, CBO, respectively. CBO treatment showed the most increase in soil MBC content, with soil MBC content increasing 42. 32% compared to CF and CHB treatment showing 11. 43% higher soil EOC compared to CF;（iii）Among the three organic fertilizers, the DOC distribution of DOC, CMO, CBO, EOC, and the carbon bank management index of CHB treatment was significantly greater than CF and CMO;（iv） The structure difference of each treated organic carbon functional group was small, which mainly included phenols, aromatic hydrocarbons, olefins and mesamides. The relative peak area at 1634 cm-1 was associated significantly positively with soil MBC content, and that at 468 cm-1 was associated significantly negatively with soil TOC content. [Conclusion] Compared with single organic fertilizer, soil organic residue organic fertilizer significantly improved soil DOC and MBC content and high carbon-based fertilizer significantly improved soil EOC content and carbon bank management index. Short-term organic and inorganic distribution had little impact on organic carbon functional groups. However, the peaks at 1634 and 468 cm-1 were significantly associated with the soil TOC and MBC content. At the same time, organic-inorganic fertilizer significantly increased the yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Angiopteris esculenta is one of the most important wild substitute plant for staple food in Dulong's communities(the least populated ethnic group in Yunnan Province, China)for centuries. The Dulong people collect the underground parts of A. esculenta to extract flour and make it into food. In order to study and record the traditional knowledge of Angiopteris esculenta, ethnobotanical methods were employed to investigate and document the traditional knowledge about A. esculenta, and approaches of food science were used to reveal the basic components, morphology, physicochemical properties, and gelatinization characteristics of A. esculenta flour in the present paper. The results were as follows:(1) A. esculenta was a multipurpose plant in the traditional livelihood of Dulong people. Local people employed this plant for edible, medicinal, ornamental purpose and woody purposes. Quantitative analysis showed that the relative frequency of citation(RFC)of the edibleness was much higher than that of other uses, indicating that it was mainly used as staple food.(2)The traditional uses of fern flour extracted from the underground part of A. esculenta imply rationality. There was high starch content in the flour, and the total starch content was 86.2%, and A. esculenta flour contained various mineral elements necessary for human body.(3)The flour had good physicochemical properties, among which the retrogradation and freeze-thaw stability were strong, which could be used in the production and process of frozen food and starch products. The regeneration value and attenuation value of starch were much lower than that of common starch, which indicated that it had good stability of hot paste and cold paste, and not easy to regenerate, thus imply the good processability in food industry. In conclusion, A. esculenta flour has a good potential for utilization and further development. It is expected to play a positive role for increasing local residents' income and for rural revitalization in remote areas, through the approaches of artificial cultivation. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the subsequent processing and utilization of A. esculenta. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives]The paper aimed to explore the effects of different concentrations of copper and borax fertilizer on the growth physiology of Lonicera japonica Thunb. and quality of Lonicerae japonicae flos, to optimize the cultivation technology and improve the quality of its medicinal materials, to provide theoretical reference. [Methods]The single application and combined application of copper fertilizer(10, 30, 50 mg·L-1)and borax fertilizer(20, 40, 60 mg·L-1)were used to carry out field experiments, and the growth index of Lonicera japonica buds, photosynthetic pigment of Lonicera japonica leaves, nutrients, medicinal components and mineral ion content of Lonicerae japonicae flos were determined, and the optimal combination was determined according to the test results. [Results]The results showed that the suitable concentration of copper and borax fertilizer could increase the total chlorophyll content, while high concentration of copper and borax fertilizer could inhibit the total chlorophyll content. Suitable concentration of boron fertilizer could significantly increase the length of flower buds, and suitable combination of copper and borax fertilizer could significantly increase the fresh weight of flower buds, especially B1Cu2 treatment(B 20 mg·L-1, Cu 30 mg·L-1). The effect of single application of copper and boron fertilizer on nutrients was significant, B2treatment(B 40 mg·L-1)could significantly increase the content of soluble protein and starch, Cu1 treatment(Cu 10 mg·L-1)had the highest reducing sugar content. However, combined application of copper and borax fertilizer had a more significant effect on the medicinal components than single application of copper and borax fertilizer, especially B3Cu1 treatment(B 60 mg·L-1, Cu 10 mg·L-1). Except for Mn2+, the mineral ion content in Lonicerae japonicae flos generally increased by single application of copper and borax fertilizer, especially B1Cu2 treatment(B 20 mg·L-1, Cu 30 mg·L-1), which significantly increased by single application of copper and borax fertilizer. [Conclusions]This study showed that spraying suitable concentration of copper and borax fertilizer could increase the chlorophyll content of Lonicera japonica leaves, enhance photosynthesis, promote growth, increase the length of Lonicera japonica buds, fresh and dry weight, and the content of nutrient and medicinal components of Lonicerae japonicae flos, and the copper and borax fertilizer also had a significant effect on the content of mineral ions in Lonicerae japonicae flos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agro-Environment Science is the property of Journal of Agro-Environment Science Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences is the property of Editorial Board of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objective] This paper aimed to obtain the optimal combination of soil fertilization under mining area reclamation conditions. [Method] Based on the experimental data analysis of the effects of biochemical composition, biodiversity and maize biological characteristics of reclaimed land in mining area under different fertilization modes, a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) system based on the entropy weight method was constructed to calculate the soil fertilization effect index as the strain variable, and the index as the strain variable, and the regression fitting prediction model with chemical fertilizer coding and biological fertilizer as independent variable was established. [Result] The index of soil reclamation effect of combined application of bio-organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer was higher than that of single application of chemical fertilizer S and biological fertilizer S. When the amount of chemical fertilizer was 220.15 kg/hm2,the amount of biological fertilizer was 2080.15 kg/hm2 , and the index of soil reclamation effect could reach the maximum value of 0. 9909. [Conclusion] The comprehensive evaluation system and prediction model of soil reclamation effect in mining area proposed in this paper are of high reliability and have certain guiding effect on practical production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Southern Agriculture is the property of Journal of Southern Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Southern Agriculture is the property of Journal of Southern Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Huang-Huai-Hai region is the major superiority area of planting industry and breeding industry in China. With the increasing attention to the rural environment problems caused by crop straw and livestock manures, it is important to analyze “raising by planting” in Huang-Huai-Hai region, realize agricultural waste comprehensive utilization, and implement green development. “Raising by planting” was the core idea of this paper. The “raising by planting” calculation methods were as follow. First, technical regulations for production of wheat-corn and field research results in Hebei, Henan and Shandong provinces were used to summarize production model of wheat-corn in Huang-Huai-Hai region. So the conventional fertilization could be defined. According to test results of researches, this paper determined the amount of partial replacement of chemical fertilizer by organic manures. At the same time, thermophilic aerobic composting was chosen as techniques of livestock manure comprehensive utilization. The untreated amount of livestock manures was calculated. Then, the quantities of different species of livestock and poultry were calculated. According to the technical regulations, the amount of nitrogenous fertilizer were 532.5, 562.5 and 575 kg/hm2 in Hebei, Henan and Shandong provinces. The ratio of partial replacement of chemical fertilizer by organic manures was 30%. So the amount of replacement were 159.75, 168.75 and 172.5 kg/hm2. At the same time, there were no influence on grain security after the replacement of chemical fertilizer by organic manures. Due to the additional application of organic manures promoted soil nitrogen leaching risk, the environmental risk assessment of nitrogen in arable farmland was used. Nitrogen input mainly consisted of nitrogenous fertilizer, organic manure converted from livestock manures, seed, straw returning, atmospheric dry and wet deposition and irrigation water. Nitrogen output mainly consisted of grain and straw. Grade of environment risk in farmland in Hebei, Henan and Shandong provinces were all medium risk. Nitrogen loss rate of thermophilic aerobic composting fromlivestock and poultry manures was 42.26%. Other calculation parameters of livestock and poultry production, such as feeding period, population structure, were defined by many research papers. So in production model of wheat-corn in Huang-Huai-Hai Region, 6 dairy cows, or 18 beef cattle, or 47 to 51 swine, 731 to 789 laying hens or 8062 to 8705 broilers per hectare were land carrying capacity. Besides, at the field scale, various factors, such as soil fertility and soil microbial, might affect the ratio of partial replacement of chemical fertilizer by organic manures. So more researches were needed in the amount of replacement. On account of medium environment risk in farmland, lowering the risks was necessary. Nitrogen input structure: 46.3% chemical fertilizer, 27.5% straw returning, 19.8% organic manure, 4.0% atmospheric dry and wet deposition, 2.0% irrigation water and 0.4% seed. So reducing straw returning was one of risk solutions. In simulation results, reducing corn stalk or wheat straw both lowered environment risk effectively. The results provide a reference for planting and raising combination in Huang-Huai-Hai region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Geology & Resources is the property of Geology & Resources Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

【Objective】 This paper aimed to explore effects of reduced chemical fertilizer and soil texture on yield, quality and nitrogen（N）, phosphorus（P） and potassium（K） fertilizer utilization rate of flue-cured tobacco. 【Method】 Using flue-cured tobacco variety K326 as material, a field experiment was established in sandy soil, clay soil and heavy loam in Qujing tobacco production site, and six fertilization treatments were set up, i.e., T1（CK）（conventional dosage of N, P, K）, T2 and T3（deduced fertilizer N, P, K proportion by 10% and 20%, respectively）, T4 and T5（organic fertilizer replacing 10% and 20% chemical fertilizer, respectively） and T6（no manure or fertilizer）. 【Result】Compared with treatment T1（CK）, treatments T2, T3 significantly improved grade, yield, economical output and N, P, K use efficiency of tobacco leaves in sandy soil. Meanwhile, treatments T2, T3 increased contents of potassium, decreased total sugar, reducing sugar. The contents of total nitrogen, nicotine and water-soluble chloride in the middle and upper parts of leaves were not significantly affected; and the chemical composition was more balanced under T2 and T3. Compared with treatment T1（CK）, treatment T2 and T5 did not significantly improved growth of the tobacco plants in clay soil, but the proportion, yield, output and N, P, K use efficiency under T2 and T5 in tobacco leaves were significantly higher than that of T1（CK）, and the chemical composition of middle and upper position leaves was more balanced. Compared with T1（CK）, treatments T2, T3, T5 had no effect on tobacco plant growth in heavy loam, but improved the proportion of products, yield, output, N, P, K use efficiency of tobacco. Furthermore, the contents of total sugar, reducing sugar of middle and upper part leaves were increased under T2, T3 and T5. The total nitrogen, nicotine, potassium and water-soluble chloride were not affected by treatments. And treatments T2, T3 significantly improved the balance of chemical composition of tobacco leaves. Under the same N, P and K application rate, the N and P uptake and use of tobacco plants in different soils could be sorted as the following: Sandy soil>heavy loam>clay soil, and K use efficiency as the following: Heavy loam>clay soil>sandy soil. 【Conclusion】Based on the current N, P and K usage of tobacco in farmlands, the potential N, P and K proportion of chemical fertilizer reduction（CR） or replacement with organic fertilizer（ROR） in sandy soil was 10%. The N, P and K proportion of CR or ROR in clay soil was 10%-20%. The potential reduction of N, P and K fertilizer in heavy loam was 10%, and the potential proportion ROR was 10%-20%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】The present paper aimed to explore the feasibility of reducing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer and a reasonable nitrogen reduction model under late sowing wheat in the Jianghan Plain. 【Method】 Field experiments were conducted with Zhengmai 9023 under traditional and late sowing date with three nitrogen treatments differing in ratios of basal to topdressing. The changes in wheat yield and its constituent factors and nitrogen related indicators were compared across treatments. 【Result】（i） Under the same nitrogen application rate and base-topdressing ratio, grain yield, panicle number and 1000-grain weight were significantly reduced delayed the sowing date. Reduced total dry matter accumulation during flowering and maturity under late sowing was due to the decrease in dry matter accumulation in leaves and stem sheaths; The dry matter accumulation in spike did not show significant change. The changes in dry matter accumulation at maturity were related to leaves, stem+sheaths and grain husk+spike axis. Under the same nitrogen application rate and base-topdressing ratio, the nitrogen accumulation in wheat at flowering and maturity decreased as well; Nitrogen accumulation in flowering leaves of increased under late sowing, but nitrogen accumulation in stem+leaf sheath, ripe leaves and ripe grain husk+spike axis decreased. Under the same nitrogen application rate and base-topdressing ratio, the spike formation rate and nitrogen use efficiency were significantly reduced under late sowing.（ii）Under different nitrogen fertilization treatments and the same sowing date, nitrogen fertilization can be reduced from 180 to 150 kg/hm² under late sowing with insignificant change in yield decreased by 3.33 kg/hm²（M1） and 293.34 kg/hm²（M2） in 2019—2020; 158.67 kg/hm²（M1） and 13.50 kg/hm²（M2） in 2020—2021. The reduction was much lower than that of normal sowing, and the reason was that the number of spikes and grain number per spike were stable when the nitrogen application rate was reduced from 180 to 150 kg/hm², and the 1000-grain weight increased to some extent. Further reducing the amount of nitrogen applied, the yield change under the two sowing dates did not reach a significant level. Under the same base-topdressing ratio, reducing nitrogen application rate, the nitrogen accumulation in the stem+leaf sheath and spike at the flowering stage and grain husk+spike axis were significantly reduced, but dry matter accumulation did not change significantly. Under the same sowing date and base-topdressing ratio, reducing nitrogen application rate, spike formation rate increased significantly, M1 nitrogen utilization efficiency increased significantly, and M2 nitrogen utilization efficiency remained stable. 【Conclusion】Under the conditions of continuous optimization of nitrogen fertilizer management mode, the yield of late sowing wheat under nitrogen reduction treatment was not significantly reduced compared with normal nitrogen yield, but the spike formation rate and nitrogen use efficiency were significantly improved. After a delay of 20 days, the recommended nitrogen fertilizer management model is that the ratio of base to topdressing is m（base fertilizer）∶ m（top dressing before winter）∶ m（top dressing at jointing stage）=1∶1∶1, and the nitrogen application rate can be reduced from the normal nitrogen application rate to 150 kg/hm². [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The present paper aimed to compare the effect of different passivation materials on Bletilla striata on the accumulation of Cd under cadmium stress, so as to provide theoretical support for promote quality of B. striata cultivated in soil polluted by Cd.[Method] A pot-culture experiment was carried out, taking B. striata as test material, using external sources with adding 1.5 mg/kg Cd to simulate heavy Cd contamination of soil, the pH of soil, effective Cd and Cd content in B. striata were analyzed and determined after applying different passivation materials（ 5% silicon-calcium fertilizer, 5% cattle manure organic fertilizer, 5% corn straw biochar, 5% phosphorous-containing substances, 5% silicon-calcium fertilizer+5% corn straw biochar, 5% cattle manure organic fertilizer+5% phosphorous-containing substances+5% silicon-calcium fertilizer+5% cattle manure organic fertilizer). [Result] Among different passivation materials, 5% cattle manure organic fertilizer and 5% corn straws biochar were effective in increasing the biomass in underground stem and whole plant of B. Striata. Compared with CK, the biomass of the underground tubers increased by 62.87% and 59.18%, respectively, and the whole plant biomass increased by 57.36% and 46.07%, respectively. The soil pH treated with cattle manure organic fertilizer+silicon-calcium fertilizer, silicon-calcium fertilizer + corn straw biochar and silicon-calcium fertilizer was higher than that of CK, which increased by 3.84, 3.70 and 3.67 units, respectively. The content of effective Cd in soil treated with silicon-calcium fertilizer, cattle manure organic fertilizer+silicon-calcium fertilizer, silicon-calcium fertilizer+corn straw biochar was lower than that of CK, which decreased by 92.86%, 89.29% and 87.50%, respectively. The content of Cd in root, tuber and leaf of B. striata was the lowest treated with cattle manure organic manure + ilicon-calcium fertilizer, as the decrease rate was 97.60%, 88.80% and 95.29%, respectively. The enrichment capacity of Cd in parts of B. striata were of root > tuber > leaf, and the enrichment capacity of Cd in parts B. striata was the lowest treated with cattle manure organic fertilizer+silicon-calcium fertilizer. [Conclusion] Applying 5% cattle manure organic fertilizer and 5% corn straw biochar have better effect in increasing yield of B. striata tuber. Applying 5% cattle manure organic fertilizer +5% silicon-calcium fertilizer, 5% corn stalk biochar +5% silicon-calcium fertilizer and 5% silicon-calcium fertilizer have better passivation effect on heavy Cd pollution, and applying 5% cattle manure organic fertilizer +5% silicon-calcium fertilizer has best blocking effect on Cd in parts of B. striata. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The changing trend of soil available phosphorus (Olsen-P) content in soil and its relationship with soil phosphorus surplus and crop yield are fundamental when making appropriate phosphate fertilizer recommendations. In this paper, the influences of long-term fertilization on crops phosphorus uptake, soil phosphorus surplus, changing trend of soil available phosphorus content and relationships of soil available phosphorus content with soil phosphorus surplus and crop yield were investigated through 34 years (1981-2015) long-term trial in loessial soil region on the Loess Plateau. The experiment had a completely-randomized-block split-plot design in triplicate. Two main-plot treatments were no farmyard manure and farmyard manure (M), and four subplot treatments were CK (no fertilizer), N (application of chemical fertilizer N), NP (application of chemical fertilizer NP) and NPK (balanced application of chemical fertilizer NPK), respectively. The results showed that fertilization treatments and crop types significantly influenced uptake amount of phosphorus and soil phosphorus surplus. Averaged over time from 1981 to 2015, wheat mean phosphorus uptake amounts of CK, N, NP, NPK, M, MN, MNP and MNPK were 8.63, 10.64, 16.22, 16.21, 16.25, 17.83, 20.39 and 20.27 kg·hm -2 , while rape phosphorus uptakeamounts of eight treatments were 4.40, 8.38, 15.08, 15.71, 10.52, 11.23, 17.96 and 17.66 kg·hm -2 , respectively. The surplus amount of soil phosphorus significantly correlated with the amount of phosphorus applied to soil. When soil phosphorus surplus amount equal zero, wheat and rape phosphorus input amounts were 10.47 kg·hm -2 and 6.97 kg·hm -2 , respectively. Soil phosphorus surplus amount significantly influenced the changing trend of available phosphorus content in soil. CK and N treatments had no phosphorus input, and soil available phosphorus content exhibited a declining trend, annually decreased by 0.16 mg·kg -1 and 0.15 mg·kg -1 , respectively. In contrast, NP, NPK, M, MN, MNP and MNPK six treatments were applied with phosphate fertilizer every years, and available phosphorus content gradually increased along with the duration of trial, with annual increase by 0.02-0.33 mg·kg -1 . Soil available phosphorus content significantly correlated with phosphorus accumulative surplus amount, and the linear models were y=0.012x+9.33 and y=0.009x+11.72 in manure and no manure treatments, respectively. In no manure treatments, wheat yields significantly positively correlated with soil available phosphorus content, however, in manure treatments, their relationships did not reach a significant level. The relationship of wheat grain yield with available phosphorus content could be significantly fitted by piecewise linear model, and available phosphorus agronomy threshold of wheat was 14.99 mg·kg -1 . Rape grain yield also increased with increasing soil available phosphorus content, but the relationship was not significant. This indicated when soil available P content is higher than 14.99 mg·kg -1 , application of phosphate fertili-zer should be reduced or even avoided for planting wheat in loessial soil region on the Loess Plateau.