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Objective To understand the menstrual status and sleep quality of female college students and to investigate the effect of menstrual status on sleep quality. Methods A questionnaire survey consisting of the Pittshurgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) and Menstrual Distress Questionnaire(MDQ) was conducted on 1 290 female college students in Guangxi Medical University by adopting the stratified cluster random sampling method. Results A total of 1 267 effective questionnaires were retrieved, the effective rate was 98.22%. The total score of sleep quality in the female college students of this college was(6.70±2.41)points, the detection rate of sleep quality problems was 34.49%(437/1 267) and the detection rate of menoxenia was 22.26%(282/1 267).The probability appearing the sleep quality problem in the irregular menstruation group was higher than that in the normal men-struation group, and the main manifestations were sleep disorders, subjective sleep quality, use of hypnotic agents, dysfunction during daytime and significantly higher sleep quality index score, the differences were statistically significant(P0<0.05 or 0.01).Conclusion The menstrual status of female college students can affect their sleep quality. Therefore, female college students should combine their own particular physiological conditions and actively take comprehensive intervention measures to improve the sleep quality, which guarantees the development of their physical and psychological health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]