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The concept and characteristics of engineering designs on sustainable agricultural land consolidation project were discussed in this paper. Principles, basic methods and procedures of engineering designs on agricultural land consolidation project were put forward, which were successfully adopted for designing agricultural land consolidation in Xuemeiyang region of Changtai County, including diversity designs of sustainable land use, engineering designs of soil improvement, roads, ditches, and drains for protecting existent animal environments, and design of ecological shelter-forests in farmland. Moreover, from sustainable economic, ecological and social points, the results of these engineering designs were evaluated based on fouteen important indexes. After carrying out these engineeringdesigns, the eco-environments and agricultural production conditions were significantly improved, and the farm income was increased in planned regions.

In this paper, energy value analysis and new energy index for sustainable development (EISD) were used to evaluate three different dike-pond agro-ecological engineering modes in Sanshui city of Pearl River Delta in system and subsystem levels. The result showed that mode III was the best in its sustainable development ability. The EISD of mode III was 58.3% and 29.7% higher than that of modes I and II. With a higher economic benefit and higher environmental loading, the planting subsystem had the lowest sustainability. Although the economic benefit of stock raising subsystem was not high, its indirect benefit was higher. With a higher economic benefit and a lower environmental loading, fishing subsystem had the highest sustainability.

Soil bioengineering is a kind of engineering by using living plant materials to construct the structures with some engineering and ecological functions, which can provide an effective means for the slope stabilization and site restoration of stream banks. In this paper, the principles of soil bioengineering, basic planting methods, live stakes, live fascines, brush layering, and integrated technologies were discussed in brief, and the first demo project of soil engineering in ecological restoration of stream bank in our country was introduced. After 10-month project implementation, significant effectiveness was obtained on slope stability, habitat improvement, and ecological restoration of stream banks. It was concluded that the approach could be widely applied in ecological restoration of all kinds of slopes in China.

Multi steps method for damage identification is valid approach for complex structure at present. In the first instance, the structure is partitioned to some regions, and the most possible region for damage is confirmed. Finally, damage location and extending are identified in the search regions reduced. Based on the concepts of the dynamical indexes of frequency and COMAC, the similar region is partitioned by using fuzzy clustering method, and the damage is classified using support vector machine. It is demonstrated that the method presented in this paper can assess damage correctly in the case of test data polluted by measurement noises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The environmental vibration induced by moving trains is getting more concerned. In this paper, a field experiment was carried out at the Beijing-Guangzhou railway to study the train-induced vibrations of nearby buildings. The train speeds in the experiment were 40∼115 km/h for passenger trains and 26∼57 km/h for freight trains. The results show that the vibration of the building floors, in general trend, attenuates with distance to the track and get bigger with the increase of train speed; the vibration induced by freight train is 5∼15 dB bigger than that by passenger trains. For a six-story building, the vibration of floors becomes greater with the height, the vertical vibration of the sixth floor is 2∼6 dB higher than the ground floor and the lateral vibration 5∼10 dB higher. The vibration at floor center is larger than that at floor corners and staircase. The vibration of outside ground surface is greater than that of inside building, the difference being 2∼10 dB and getting smaller with the increase of vibration levels. The vibration of buildings near the track is serious, and some exceeds the allowance given in relevant codes, to which attention should be paid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

本研究旨在探討1989至2008年間，台灣、香港、大陸地區工程類文獻作者之共同合作情形。透過兩岸三地被科學引文索引擴大版（Science Citation Index Expanded, SCIE）資料庫蒐錄之文獻數量，進一步觀察14類工程學門中作者人數、作者合作對象、高產量機構及其合作對象，以及作者人數與文獻被引用次數間是否相關。研究結果顯示在14類工程學科中，兩岸三地皆以免疫生物醫學工程之平均合作作者人數為最高，環境工程亦同樣在三地都有較高平均作者人數的表現。由此可見，免疫生物醫學工程及環境工程都是較多學者共同合作研究產出的學科。兩岸三地之多作者文獻比率皆在 90%左右，單一作者文獻數較少。在高產機構方面，台灣集中於台灣大學、成功大學、清華大學、交通大學，並發現台灣大學的研究者最常與同校研究者共同合作。此外，兩岸三地之跨國合作對象皆以美國為最多。最後探討作者人數與文獻被引用次數間是否相關，發現兩岸三地單一作者產出之文獻的被引用次數普遍較低，但皆無法明顯看出作者人數與文獻被引用次數間的 關係。The purpose of this research is to investigate the author productivity and degree of collaboration in the literature of engineering for Taiwan, Hong Kong,and Mainland China from 1989 to 2008. The data were collected from the SCIE database for 14 engineering disciplines. The average authors per article,the researcher with whom the authors collaborate, the highly productive institutions, the correlation between the number of authors and the frequency of being cited are explored. The results of the study reveal that 1. Biomedical engineering and environmental engineering have the highest average number of author collaborations in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and the mainland China; 2. The percentage of multi-author literature is approximately 90% in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and the mainland China; 3. There are only a few single-author papers; 4.For highly productive organizations, the majority of author collaborations have a higher concentration in National Taiwan University, National Cheng Kung University, National Tsing Hua University, and National Chaio Tung University in Taiwan; 5. The researchers from National Taiwan University collaborate mostly with the researchers from the same university; 6. Taiwan, Hong Kong, and the mainland China have the most international collaboration with the United States of America; 7. The single-author paper in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and the mainland China has a lower frequency of being cited in general; 8.There is no correlation between the number of authors and the frequency of beingcited.

During the process of modeling and simulation for hydromechanical systems, the model precision can be affected directly by the choice of liquid density and fluid bulk modulus. The traditional method, in which these two parameters are taken as constants based on engineering experience, often lowers the modeling precision. A new method to calculate the liquid density and the fluid bulk modulus has been proposed in this paper, and the formula and algorithm for simplifying these parameters are summarized. A case widely used in the aerospace systems is thoroughly explained with this method. Results indicate that the pressure in positive stage has a little effect on the liquid density and fluid bulk modulus, whereas it must be taken the influence of gas content and pressure on these parameters into account during the stage of negative pressure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Detailed theoretical analyses are performed on dimensional synthesis of a 5 - DOF parallel mechanism with topological structure of 4 - UPS/UPU in this paper for providing the theoretical supports for engineering applications. Based on the kinematics analysis, a comprehensive method for the dimensional synthesis of such mechanism is developed for obtaining the optimal kinematics performance within the prescribed task workspace. Firstly, the independent design variables are divided into two categories: structural angles and geometrical parameters. Then the effects of dimensional parameters on the kinematics performance are reviewed through a thorough monotonous analysis, and the optimal solution set of structural angles is defined. Subsequently, the geometrical parameters of such mechanism are achieved by optimizing a compound objective index subjected to a set of appropriate mechanical constraints. A numerical example shows that the proposed method is effective and is significant for some other similar parallel mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper introduces the design of the mechanism dynamic simulation based on Pro/Engineer software. Then the methods and the proper steps are given with an example of the four-bar mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Photosensitive polyimides (PSPIs) have been utilized for various applications such as buffer-coat layers and inter-layer dielectrics in electronic devices. Conventional PSPIs use poly (amic acid)s as polyimide precursors or functionalized polyimides as their polymer component. Few studies for photosensitive engineering plastics other than PSPI have been carried out. In this paper, we report a novel method for preparation of photosensitive engineering plastics, reaction development patterning (RDP). The key reaction of RDP is the nucleophilic acyl substitution of nucleophiles in the developer with carboxylic-acid-derivative linkages (imides, carbonates and esters) in the engineering plastic, and therefore, no introduction of specific functional groups into the engineering plastics is needed. In addition, RDP can add photosensitivity to vinyl polymers having imide groups as their side chains. We have developed both positive- and negative-tone RDPs. Pattern formation by positive-tone RDP is based on main-chain scission of the engineering plastics by amines as nucleophiles. Negative-tone RDP realizes higher sensitivity with smaller amount of photosensitive agent than positive-tone RDP. Application of industrially-used alkaline developer to negative-tone RDP is also achieved. Introduction of chemical amplification to negative-tone RDP reduces the amount of photosensitive agent while increasing sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nesting problems are often encountered during the production of paper sample of garments. This paper studied on how to modify the sample so as to on the one hand solve the problem while on the other does not affect or change the clothing styles, the proportion of size, personal level and contour while also saves time, facilitates nesting, increases production, saves fabric, realizes easier lattice of the article, increases utilization ratio and brings down costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering influence factor of rotation of moon and geostrophic force, a precise three-dimensional dynamics model for lunar probe returning from the moon was presented. To realize the minimal fuel consumption, an optimal open-loop control law in the propulsion direction of the engine was Pontryagin's maximum principle. The optimal orbit of returning from the moon was obtained when the velocity and position restrictions were considered. The design in this paper is favorable for engineering application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, two evaluation models of fuzzy theory are studied by the application of fuzzy theory in the comprehensive quality of university teachers. According to the results of the relative experiment, it proves that the application of fuzzy theory can more effectively solve many problems like how to identify, analyze and process the problems of engineering technology and how to analyze and test the problems on education , society and human science, which are hard to be solved in traditional ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to design and define the geometric parameters in a shortcut efficiently for spatial RSSR mechanism, base on the analysis of motion characteristics for a specific RSSR mechanism, an integration method of diagrammatizing and 3D motion simulating has been introduced to obtain the geometric structural parameters. The simulation of 3D motion verifies the validity of presented method. It also shows the specific ways of adjusting the structural parameters to meet the required motion precision of the mechanism. The method described in this paper significantly improves the process of geometric parameter design for spatial RSSR mechanism and it could be used further in engineering practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the principle of melted extrusion manufacturing was described. Basic process and choosing principle on the accumulated direction of complex product were discussed. On this basis, processing parameters were set up and complex product was made successfully. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analysis and forecasting were made in this paper aiming at the problem of top pressure of coke tower of 1200 x 10³ t/a delayed coking unit in the refinery of Daqing Petrochemical Company rises continuously causing by volaile lines coking. Various operation conditions of the unit are alibrated, the results show that the higher the furnace outet temperature, the smaller processing capacity of the unit, After taking a series of measures such as stopping blending with FCC slurry oil, injecting defoamer and so on, the height of foam layer in coke tower was decreased so as to low down the coking rate of the volatile lines, which provides a strong guarantee for long-term operation of the unit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on design and implementation of data interfaces in the desktop testing platform for a certain satellite was introduced in this paper. Firstly, to satisfy the engineering requirements, general structure of the platform was designed with the real-time simulator and the on-board computer as its core components, and the interfaces among various components in the platform was described. Then, topic focused on researching problems including constitution of the real-time simulator, programming on interfaces using xPC Target, sample time of the interfaces, encoding double precision floating point number for transmission through interfaces, and design of CAN bus protocol on the application layer. Finally, by analyzing results of. the testing experiment, effectiveness and practicality of the data interfaces solution were proved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper constructs a continuous and smooth extended state observer and disturbance rejection cascade decoupling control technology, which is aimed at the nonlinear attitude model with strong coupling, aerodynamic parameter perturbations and uncertainties in the process of hypersonic vehicle without power reentry. An ADRC attitude controller is presented for hypersonic vehicle in convenient to the practical application of engineering, and a continuous and smooth extended state observer is designed by constructing qin function to avoid high-frequency chatter during ADRC application process, which solves the problem of ignoring the coupling impact on outer loop that is caused by inner loop in the inner and outer loop controller, and also solves the problems of charged aircraft model, aerodynamic parameters and perturbation boundaries which are difficult to obtain accurately and precisely. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In mobile internet era, three-dimensional color code has becoming the new trend of the code for its technological superiority, however, its copyright protection has arised. In this paper, combined with singular value decomposition (SVD) , a robust algorithm based on Contourlet transform is proposed. After performing the Contourlet transform on the green channel, approximation sub-band of host image is performed SVD to emb the watermark. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is robust and invisible and the watermarking can be extracted with small watermark embedding strength which can protect the copyright effectively. The algorithm is robust against common processing such as JPEG compression, noise, filtering, rotating and cropping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A robust-fragile dual watermarking algorithm for digital image based on DWT and SVD is proposed in this paper. Firstly, to embed the robust watermark, we adopt the quantization method to embed one binary watermark image into the host image using the technology of wavelet transform and singular value decomposition, and the robust watermark can be extracted without the host image. Then, the fragile watermark is further embedded into LSB of the above watermarked image to reduce the fragile watermark' s influence towards robustness. The experimental results show that the robust watermark has great robustness for different kinds of attacks, and the fragile watermark is sensitive to tamper and has good accuracy of tamper localization. Therefore, the combination of the two watermarks achieves a double protection for the host image. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve the face recognition rate of two dimension principal component analysis (2DPCA), a modified method of 2DPCA based on modular images is proposed. In this paper, the weights function is introduced to define the total scatter matrix according to the distances between the within-class images and the average of the within-class images. We apply it into the modular images. The improved 2DPCA is used to extract feature in the training sample sub-images for pattern classification. Results of the experiments based on ORL face database show that it can effectively improve the rate of face recognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose a network attack detection method based on multi-layer weighted clustering in this paper. The average value of weighted of each attack is set and heterogeneous multi-layer attack is mixed together effectively by calculating the average value of multi-layer clustering weighted. The problem that the detection is not accurate caused by the inconsistent detection result of multi-layer attack is resolved. The experiment shows that the multi-layer attack can be mixed together effectively to ensure the security of the network and the satisfactory result is obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Safety Integrity Level (SIL) assessment basis, function, method and application cases are introduced in this paper. According to the different needs of newly built and constructed projects, different purposes and functions of SIL assessment are described. Then, necessity of SIL assessment is put forward combining with the engineering practice, and the rationality and effectiveness of constructing SIS are expounded referencing to related standards. The next, the basic application method of SIL assessment is discussed with practical engineering cases. At last, the application trend of SIL evaluation is expounded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper took Haishiwan coalfield as the background and CO2 in the No. 2 coal seam of Haishiwan mine area as the main study object, systematically carrying out study of various aspects on the causes of CO2, CO2 enrichment regularity, CO2 occurrence in coal seam of Yaojie coalfield, adsorption and desorption of CO2 in coal, numerical simulation and engineering practice applied to eliminate the risk of coal and CO2 outburst regionally, making some innovations. During the researches, the authors adopted all kinds of research methods that multi-disciplinary theory includes geochemistry, petrology, structural geology, surface chemistry, rock mechanics, mining engineering, mechanics, numerical simulation, theoretical analysis, laboratory experiments and field engineering practice. The main research content and conclusions are as follows: (1) The CO2 concentration range in the eastern coalfield is 18.79% to 96.6%. The δ13Cco2 values are mainly in the range of -5.0‰ to + 1.0‰ ( PDB ), suggesting an inorganic origin of CO2. The ³He/4 He ratios are (0.6 ~ 25.9) x 108, and the R/Ra is 0. 004 2 ~ 0. 185 0, which is a characteristic of crust-derived CO2 gas. The dynamic-thermal metamorphism of the F19 ductile-brittle shear zone is believed to result in the release of CO2 from basement marble formations, which shows an inorganic source of CO2 in the Haishiwan coalfield. The regional geological evolution and multi-periodical F19 fault movement control the formation, migration, and accumulation of CO2. The F19 fault plays multiple roles in the generation, transport, and sequestration of gas during the CO2 formation. (2) The studies on the characteristics of coal absorbing CO2 or CO2 and CH4 mixed gas are carried out under low pressure. The D-A model can fit the adsorption isotherms of CO2 well under low pressure. At the same time, the authors establish the modified D-A, which fit the present high-pressure adsorption data well. The modified model is applied to analyze the supercritical CO2 adsorption isotherms of Haishiwan coal field and abnormal adsorption isotherms introducing free volume theory of polymer. The result is preliminarily verified by desorption curve. (3) The mining depth of the Haishiwan mine coal is 600 to 1 000 m, where the coal reservoir temperature is in the range of 31.72 to 43.88 °C. The measured mixture gas pressure is not less than 7.3 MPa;the CO2 concentration range in the eastern coalfield exceeded 90%; statistical gas content is in the range of 50 to 60 m³/t. Supercritical CO2 is likely to exist in the No. 2 coal seam of the Haishiwan coalfield according to in situ measurement, experimental determination and theoretical analysis. (4) The numerical simulation results indicate that the range of pressure-relief and dilatational strain of lower coal-rock mass increases along with the pore pressure increases, the maximum absolute and the maximum relative amount of deformity reach 328 mm and 0.5 % under pore pressure of 9 MPa respectively. At the same time, the plastic area also increases along with pore pressure enlargement. It is indicated that the pore pressure plays strengthen role in the protected coal seam pressure relief according to plate theory. (5) High pore pressure acts on pressure relief of coal seam, which has been verified in practice of remote protective coal seam mining and pressure-relief gas drainage. The singe gas drainage flow reaches more than 2 m³/min. The coal seam permeability increases by 878 times. The gas content decreases from 53 m³/t to 12 m³/t. The risk of outburst has been eliminated with regard to the No. 2 coal seam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quantity of medical equipment in hospital rise quickly recent year. It provides the comprehensive support to the clinical service. The maintenance of medical equipment becomes more important than before. It is necessary to study on the orientation and function of clinical engineer in medical equipment maintenance system. Refer to three grade health care system, the community doctors which is called General practitioner, play an important role as the gatekeeper of health care system to triage and cost control. The paper suggests that hospital clinical engineer should play similar role as the gatekeeper of medical equipment maintenance system which composed by hospital clinical engineer, manufacture engineer and third party engineer. The hospital clinical engineer should be responsible of guard a pass of medical equipment maintenance quality and cost control. As the gatekeeper, hospital clinical engineer should take the responsibility of "General engineer" and pay more attention to safety and health of medical equipment. The responsibility description and future transition? development of clinical engineer as "General Engineer" is discussed. More attention should be recommended to the team building of hospital clinical engineer as "General Engineer".

In the introduction of the full paper, we point that, in our opinion, Cuckborn and Shu's Runge Kutta discontinuous Galerkin method is good in calculation precision, but its slow convergence puts severe limits on its application to engineering problems. Therefore, we propose our efficient implicit scheme for accelerating convergence. In the iterative process, some important amendments are in application, which improve the efficiency significantly. At the same time, LU-SGS method is used to solve the large sparse linear system. By this means, subsonic and transonic flow over the airfoil is computed. It is found that this implicit scheme keeps unconditional stable for the subsonic and transonic flow. These results show preliminarily that, compared with the explicit scheme, our novel solver delivers a convergence rate that is approximately one order higher and much of the CPU time is saved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on depth study of the influence law of key strata on the height of fractured water-conducting zone, this paper proposed a new method to predict the height of fractured water-conducting zone by location of key strata. The engineering measurements and theoretical research results show that the key stratum location affects the height of fractured water-conducting zone in the roof, when the distance from key stratum to the coal seam is less than a critical value, the fracture of key stratum will develop to water-conducting fracture, and the same goes to the fracture of the overlying strata controlled by key stratum leading to a synchronous breakage with key stratum. The critical height of key stratum fracture can be roughly estimated to be (7 ~ 10) M, where M is coal mining height. When it is less than (7 ~ 10) M from the primary key stratum to coal seam, water-conducting fracture will grow to the location above the roof of the bed rock, then the height of fractured water-conducting zone is equal to or greater than the height of the bed rock. When the distance from the primary key stratum to coal seam is greater than (7 ~10) M, water-conducting fracture in the roof will develop to the position below the nearest key stratum being (7 ~ 10) M more away from the coal seam ,and then the height of fractured water-conducting zone equals to the distance of the key stratum to coal seam. The prediction method is able to predict the height of fractured water-conducting zone in the roof with different mining heights, meanwhile, it also can be utilized to distinguish the abnormal development of the height of fractured water-conducting zone induced by structural changes of key stratum, and its reliability is verified by engineering measurements results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the three positioning principles for installation in bridge engineering, the fourth positioning principle for installation which is suitable for the construction engineering is put forward. Based on the characteristics and applicability of a few existing analysis methods of construction mechanics for structure and according to the positioning principles of components of structure in actual projects, an improved nonlinear analysis method named element birth and death of local configuration constraint is put forward to solve the problem of death element's 'floating' in this paper. This method was applied in the mechanical emulation and analysis of the Heshi Stupa of Famen Temple during the construction process. The computation results by the improved method agreed with the measured values well in the project. This indicates that the improved method is an effective analysis method of construction mechanics for structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the fact that the linear imaging model cannot explain the lens distortion, and to overcome the problem that the ordinary calibration methods are not. suit for the change of height and angle, based on the pin-hole model and the previous distortion correction, this paper builds up a mirror coordinates system to study the reflection relation of pixel and angle. By using trigonometric functions and distortion coefficient, the height parameter and angle parameter are introduced into the model, and then the non-linear model is obtained. Finally, under different kinds of situation, comparing with Tsai's method, the algorithm validity is verified. After changing the camera angle and height, the algorithm, which does not require re-calibration, is still with good accuracy and robustness. Thus, the algorithm can be applied to the engineering field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a decentralized vibration control algorithm is proposed for large-scale engineering structures utilizing the instantaneous optimal control scheme. Based on finite element model, a large-scale structure is divided into small size sub-structures. Interconnection forces between adjacent substructures are considered as "additional unknown disturbances" to the substructures. A computational algorithm based on sequential application of Kalman estimator for the state vector and least-square estimation for the "additional unknown disturbances" in each substructure, respectively is developed. The optimal control forces are determined by the instantaneous optimal control scheme. The proposed decentralized vibration control algorithm is applied to the ASCE 20-story control benchmark building under earthquake excitation and compared with the conventional centralized vibration control approach. It is demonstrated that the proposed decentralized vibration control algorithm provides satisfactory control performances. Thus, the proposed decentralized control algorithm is suitable for the vibration control of large-scale engineering structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a surrounding expected by the high safety, the critical operation errors could lead to a disaster, therefore, to assess human reliability for critical operator not only provides support for the estimate of the disaster of systems but also is useful to improve the level of training and the condition of the critical operators. In this paper, human reliability is researched by studying the decomposition and composition of factors, compensatory and irreplaceable factors are defined, and the method of composition of states of compensatory and irreplaceable factors (CSICF) is then established. For the characteristic of the basic flow of spacecraft launch engineering, the factors of space and the features of the human reliability of a spacecraft launch are analyzed and the overall human reliability model of spacecraft launch is constructed. Finally, a case analysis demonstrates the application of the human reliability assessment model of a spacecraft launch engineering, which validates the feasibility of the human reliability analysis method of CSICF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pure mass model method (PMM) which can be utilized to calculate the earthquake responses quickly for high-rise isolated structures is proposed in the paper. Firstly, the simplified single mass model, its transformation relationship with original structure and its parameter selection were determined according to equivalent criteria for base shear force and energy. And then, envelop responses of simplified model were calculated by introducing energy balance method. The method and model transformation relationship were used to predict the seismic response envelop values of every layer of the original structure. The prediction formula for acceleration, deformation and storey shear force of superstructure and isolation layer were given too. The effectiveness and accuracy of pure mass model method were verified by using a 22 stories high-rise isolated structure as an engineering example. Results show that computational results of simplified method and multi-mass model time history analysis method are comparable. The calculation amounts of the method proposed is less, and parameter selection is clear and convenient with high precision analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Floating ring bearings (FRBs) are widely used in high speed rotating machines. In this paper, the carrying capacity of outer oil film, which can represent the total capacity of FRBs, in floating-ring bearing was analyzed only because the bearing capacity of inner oil film is larger than that of the outer one. Based on the rotordynamic DyRoBes software and finite difference method, the pressure of outer oil film in relatively heavy load micro gas turbogenerator was computed and the results were analysed and compared. Because of the structural characteristics of FRBs, the relationship of stiffness and damping of inner and outer films is equivalent to the series of spring and damper, thus the total stiffness and damping of FRB could be calculated under different rotation speeds. The important parameters, such as eccentricity ratio, static balance position, which give the influences on the oil film characteristics and rotor dynamic behavior were also studied. At last, the stability of oil film was determined using Routh-Hurwitz criterion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As for the incremental learning of the unsupervised manifold learning algorithms the paper provides an incremental local tangent space alignment (LTSA) algorithm based on selecting landmark points for the clustering of incremental points. Firstly, the least angle regression (LARS) algorithm was used to select landmark points from original training samples, and then using those selected points and new samples the global coordinate matrix for all samples could be constructed. The lower-dimensional embedding coordinate of the incremental samples was estimated according to the global coordinate matrix and lower-dimensional embedding coordinate of the given training points. Then the lower-dimensional embedding coordinate of all samples was iteratively updated based on the eigenvalues of the global coordinate matrix. Experiments with the proposed method were carried out in four different cases of the vibration signal samples of rolling bearing. Results demonstrate the incremental LTSA algorithm based on selecting landmark points can preserve the class separability measure of the samples in different cases for rolling bearing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A mathematical model of Active Magnetic Bearing (AMB)-flexible rotor system is built in the paper. Supporting characteristic of AMB, unbalanced stationary responses of the system under control with different parameters and the influences of control parameter variation on system stability in rotating state were analyzed, and variable parameter control strategy based on rotation speed was put forward. The experimental setup for 5 DOF active magnetic bearing-rotor systems was established. The signal of the rotation speed was introduced into the digital controller, different control parameters were adopted in different rotation speed section, and dynamic characteristics of the system with variable parameter control strategy were investigated. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the variable parameter control strategy can meet requirements of low-frequency and high-frequency dynamic characteristics of the system synchronously, thus reducing unbalance vibration of the rotor effectively, and making for stably passing the critical speed of the rotor system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Magneto-rheological damper model suitable for helicopter air resonance and momentum theory model of hover condition involving momentum theory were built in this paper. The equations of the two models with the dynamic equations of helicopter rotor/body coupling were solved by Simulink time domain simulation method to obtain the helicopter dynamic stability influenced by Magneto-rheological damper and compared the blade flapping and lagging impacted by Magneto-rheological dampers under different voltages. It could be conclude that under a certain voltage, Magneto-rheological damper was not influenced by duel-frequent excitation, and was good at restraining the helicopter air resonance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the problem that the existing methods are difficult to identify main noise sources of the ship efficiently, a transmissibility matrix method (TMM) is introduced. The main problems of TMM facing in the practical application were analyzed, and the methods used to solve those problems were also proposed. In order to investigate the method which can solve cross-coupling of vibration sources, a new vibro-acoustic transfer path model for analysis based on TMM was established. The displacement response difference of isolator at both ends was considered as the equivalent vibration source, which avoided cross coupling of vibration sources efficiently. By Combining simulation analysis and the test of ship vibration and acoustic radiation in the water, the feasibility and correctness of the new model which is used to identify noise sources and study the noise contribution are validated. The results indicate that the new model can effectively identify and quantify noise source of ship which maintains the efficiency and also improves the accuracy. Since resilient isolators are extensively used in modern ship, which provide a precondition for widely applying the proposed method. Therefore the new method established in this paper has broad prospect of engineering application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Different from the bridge with a single deck, the aerodynamic interference phenomenon caused by the two neighboring decks makes the aerodynamic performance of the parallel bridge with twin-decks much more complicated. Tanggu Bridge over Hai River in Tianjin, a parallel bridge with twin-decks, was taken as an engineering background. The present paper focuses on the vortex--induced oscillation (VIO) study of Tanggu Bridge which involves the amplitude analysis and the selection of vibration-reducing measure. The results firstly show that the high-order VIO can be successfully simulated via the full bridge aeroelastic model test and the Strouhal numbers of each VIO remain the same. Secondly, the high-order VIO can be estimated by the first--order VIO test, but the lock-in zone of wind speed may be larger than that of the test results. Besides, the maximal amplitudes of the estimation are smaller than those of the test results, the reasons of which are also analyzed briefly in this paper. Thirdly, the multi -- orifice plate has a good vibration -- reducing effect, which is related directly to the perforated ratio and its location [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flexibility is a key attribute of engineering systems to cope with effects of uncertainty. Flexibility of engineering systems has become a hot area of abroad multidisciplinary studies recently. In this paper, the concept, identification and measurement, and evaluation of engineering systems flexibility are reviewed. Based on analyzing the limitation of the current studies, some research opportunities in the area of engineering systems flexibility are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In line with the fact that major inspections and minor inspections are usually adopted together for system inspection in engineering practice, this paper proposes a multiple inspection policy model based on a three-stage failure process. The concept of the three-stage failure process divides the system lifetime into three stages, that is, normal stage, minor defective stage and severe defective stage. With the consideration of all the possible scenarios for failure renewal, minor inspection renewal and major inspection renewal, a multiple inspection policy model is presented for single-unit systems using the renewal reward theory. The objective of the model is to minimize the long-run expected cost per unit time, with the minor and major inspection intervals as the decision variables. In order to illustrate the applicability of the multiple inspection policy, a single inspection policy counterpart which includes only major inspections is also developed for the purpose of comparison. The threshold value for the minor inspection cost which makes the multiple inspection more favorable than the single inspection policy is studied. Numerical examples are presented and the results show that the multiple inspection policy is better than the single inspection policy when the cost of minor inspection is smaller than the threshold level and other parameters are fixed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is required the favorable controlled flight performance in full speed bound and wide flight airspace, wide range of mobility and horizontal landing capability for suborbital reusable launch vehicle (SR-LV), which involve many field of aerodynamic problem: the subsonic, transionic, supersonic, hypersonic and rarefied field. Therefore the advanced aerodynamic configure design technology is one of the key technology for develop of SRLV. In this paper, engineering optimization method with Kriging response surface method is adopted to optimization flight aerodynamic characteristic with the engineering restriction for SR-LV, the aerodynamic configure satisfied with the requirement is found. New method may be used to engineering design, and enhance the work efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Progress and development of Chinese agricultural modernization are accompanied by the rapid changing of the society. Agricultural infrastructure, one of the core factors, has the characteristics of complexity, dynamism and openness. Construction quality and comprehensive benefit need modern engineering theory and methods to support the whole process of agricultural modernization. Taking productive hardware infrastructure as research objects, this paper studied and analyzed the concept, connotation, characteristics, content and current situation of agricultural infrastructure. And the concept, characteristics, content, mutual relation and development trend of agricultural infrastructure engineering were proposed. This paper pointed out that agricultural infrastructure mainly refers to the basic hardware facilities to improve the operating ability of agricultural production and represents the pilot factor of agricultural and rural development, and it is the premise of strengthening the foundation of agriculture, and the key to improve the competitiveness of agriculture. And the quality and long term are the important elements of the construction of the infrastructure in the future. Agricultural infrastructure should include roads, water conservancy, telecommunications, electricity, energy, farmland construction, horticulture, animal husbandry, aquatic facilities, storage, processing, environmental protection, services, emergency, construction, and so on. Agricultural infrastructure engineering means the procedure, making the quality and function of the whole life cycle of infrastructure fully guaranteed based on the theories and achievements of science and technology under the scientific operation mechanism and standard specification implemented by the organization. And the agricultural infrastructure engineering has the characteristics of scientific nature, systematicness, standardization, high efficiency and persistence. Agricultural infrastructure engineering is composed of project strategy, engineering decision-making, engineering preparation, engineering implementation and the various stages of the project operation and the closed loop of the 4 factors. Agricultural infrastructure engineering mainly experiences 3 stages. In the early stage of engineering development, agricultural infrastructure engineering has the trend of piloting the content system and meets the sustainable development requirements. The results showed that agricultural infrastructure engineering means the applications of the concept, methods, techniques and the results of the project in the construction of agricultural engineering. And the agricultural infrastructure engineering was promoted from microcosmic and macroscopic aspects. At the microscopic aspect, the tools and methods of the engineering strategy, engineering decision, project preparation, project implementation and project operation are considered throughout the whole process of the life cycle of the agricultural basic construction project. At the macroscopic aspect, it needs to link the comprehensive decision of various constructions, implementations and evaluations, and systematize and optimize the advancement of the timing, extent, goals, and so on. These practices can maximize the long-term stability of agricultural infrastructure in Chinese agricultural modernization. In the circumstance of accelerating China's agricultural modernization, the contents of agricultural infrastructure engineering need to be enriched and improved, and the views, methods, and tools revealed in this study can provide the basis for advancing this process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In this paper, a novel global optimization method-specular reflection algorithm (SRA) is proposed, which simulates the unique optical property of mirror-reflection function. Combining the computing features of the SRA with traditional mathematical theories, the global convergence ability of the SRA is verified. The reasonable value of the SRA's control parameter is analysed, so that the best control parameter which is suitable for current optimization problems can be acquired. Four numerical examples are researched using the SRA and other 4 classical intelligent optimization methods, such as particle swarm optimization, Kalman swarm optimization, etc. Simulation results of numerical examples demonstrated the effectiveness and superiority of the SRA, especially its suitability for solving high dimensional, multi-peak complex functions. Finally the structure of general bridge crane is investigated and designed by SRA for robust reliability optimization design. The results illustrate that the SRA is reasonable, accurate and can be treated as an effective analysis technique in reliability-based robust optimization design. It can be predicted that the SRA can be widely used in engineering for creating more value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the statistical analysis of the historical operation data and the simulation results of the steady-state model, the analysis of the purification equipment and the public system was carried out to analyze the low-load operation conditions of the high-sulfur natural gas purification plant in this paper. In the process, the relationship between the energy consumption and the running load was clarified. Then, the advanced method of energy saving in the internal structure of the natural gas purification plant was put forward based on the optimization of the load distribution with the lowest unit cost. Further, the whole plant production self-use gas and the power consumption were studied with the change of the load. Energy-matching relationship of main devices with common system was determined. Meanwhile, the advanced practice of saving the common system was proposed, as well as the guiding opinions for the low-load energy-saving operation of the domestic high-sulfur natural gas purification plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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