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The segment assembly problem of shield tunnel in the transition curve part is always a difficult problem in the construction process because of the complex shape of the transition curve and the changeable points of segment assembly. Based on the requirement of staggered assembling and wedge segment characteristics, this paper puts forward a method within the plane to complete every piece of assembling construction by calculating and judging the condition of error control with comprehensive comparison of standard ring and wedge ring combination, and fit out design and varification methods, which meets the specification and control index and guarantees ing uniform linear axis in segment assembling. According to the actual engineering needs, the maximum allowable deviation control method and the segment assembly optimization measures near the slow circle point are proposed, and the accuracy and applicability of the method are proved by the shield tunnel between Wanchai North Station and Wanchai station of Zhuhai Zhuhai-mechanical line, which provides a theoretical basis for the control of segment assembly quality on the transition curve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Railway Standard Design is the property of Railway Standard Design Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Medical Education Technology is the property of China Medical Education Technology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Sciencepaper is the property of China Sciencepaper and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Sciencepaper is the property of China Sciencepaper and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper discusses the practice and application of IRIS configuration management in railway signal engineering projects in view of the practice in railway projects. The technology management means related to IRIS configuration management are used to ensure product traceability, safety and reliability in the project life cycle, thus playing a very important supporting role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, spatiotemporal information, positioning and navigation have become important new infrastructures. Driven by general artificial intelligence, the era of intelligence led by large models has arrived. The increasingly powerful large models will play a more and more important role in the intelligent processing and applications of spatiotemporal information. First, this paper uses large models as the research paradigm and summarizes the current status and progress of large models in intelligent processing of spatiotemporal information in surveying and mapping. In addition, it analyzes the challenges faced by large models in intelligent processing of spatiotemporal information in surveying and mapping. We elaborate three key technologies in spatiotemporal information large models for surveying and mapping, including multi-modal fusion and understanding architecture design, prompt engineering optimization by fine-tuning, and human-in-theloop guidance for decision-making. Finally, the depth of industry understanding, data security risks, content credibility, and training deployment cost optimization are addressed to predict the development trend of spatiotemporal information large models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Guangdong University of Technology is the property of Journal of Guangdong University of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Railway Standard Design is the property of Railway Standard Design Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to solve the problem of bypassing detection methods for DNS covert channel（DCC） traffic deformation strategies, this paper proposed a DCC detection method based on traffic slice. In this method, the traffic of the experimental environment was firstly divided into batches based on the sliding window, and then obtained the traffic slice based on the aggregation of each host-end IP. Each slice contains DNS packets and Web packets belonging to the same host in a short time span. Then, for the DNS data volume, DNS request behavior, DNS response behavior, and association behavior correlation behavior with WEB of DNS in the slice, it implement DCC-detection-oriented feature engineering and create detection models on this basis. Comparative experiments show that the detection accuracy of the constructed DCC detection model on the conventional DCC traffic datasets is 99.83%,and the false positive rate is only 0.08%.On the deformed DCC traffic datasets with six types of different traffic deformation strategies, the detection ability of the DCC detection model is more than 95% on average, which is better than the other detection schemes. It proves that the proposed method is effective in dealing with DCC traffic deformation. Moreover, the proposed method, which can effectively detect DCC communication within a single traffic slice, is a detection method with good real-time performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the analysis of operation system capability testing and evaluation, this paper studies the data resource system of operation system capability testing and evaluation from operation, business and engineering aspects. A 3-View Data resource framework is presented. And some suggestions on data resource construction are given. The research can help to clarify the data needs, improve the consistent understanding of joint operation system capability evaluation data, and promote the development of the data resource and data integrated service platform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the technical level of wharf construction, solve the problems of large tidal height difference, underfill caisson packing, irregular fender groove and different positions, and improve the quality of the project entity, this paper analyzes the fender groove construction in No.9 and No.10 berths project in Dalanping South Operation Area of Qinzhou Port, discusses the construction methods and key points of operation and formwork technology, and puts forward specific technical measures, such as mixed adjustable formwork, prefabricated bottom formwork, water -stop steel box, etc. It has accumulated the field construction experience of the fender groove of gravity wharf, ensured that the concrete at the fender groove meets the design and specification requirements, and effectively improved the quality of engineering entities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to further promote the research and application of BIM technology in caisson gravity wharf project, this paper takes the No. 9 and No. 10 berths project of Dalanping South Operation Area, Dalanping Port Area, Qinzhou Port as an example, applies BIM technology to the construction management of traditional hydraulic wharf, introduces BIM technology in the construction process, and establishes a three-dimensional information model. On this basis, the comprehensive application of BIM technology was carried out for the project, and the effective combination of BIM technology and site construction was realized. With the advantages of visualization and informationization of BIM technology, engineering quantity statistics, construction progress simulation, design optimization, project results display and other work can be realized. BIM technology can empower traditional hydraulic projects, improve management level, enhance performance ability, and obtain good economic and social benefits, which provides a reference for similar projects and has certain promotion and reference significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Oil Drilling & Production Technology / Shiyou Zuancai Gongyi is the property of Shiyou Zuancai Gongyi Bianjibu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to promote the development and application process of suspended permanent maglev monorail transportation system, China has built suspended permanent maglev monorail transportation system engineering test line, Xingguo engineering test line, and the line has made useful explorations on many key technologies in the engineering process of the system. The key technical contents such as the overall layout of the test line, the suspension guidance and drive system, track beam and turnout, manufacturing process, which are different compared to the permanent maglev monorail transit and the conventional rubber wheel suspended monorail transit, are studied emphatically in this paper. The research shows that, under the premise of meeting the basic requirements of the test line, the reasonable overall layout reduces the land and engineering investment at the greatest extent. The innovative design of core systems, such as permanent maglev, realizes the stable suspension guidance and drive of the test line vehicles, and the design of key systems such as track beam bridge, turnout and processes lays the foundation for the safe operation of the test line. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since improvement of ultra-soft soil ground encounters the shortage of sand resources in Tianjin coastal area, non-sand blanket vacuum preloading method becomes an important substitute approach to solve the dilemma. Under such a background, DB/T 29-263—2019 Technical Standard of Non-sand Blanket Vacuum Preloading Method for Soft Soil Improvement in Tianjin was issued and implemented on July 1st in 2019. This paper compares the standard DB/T 29-263—2019 with the industrial standards, JTS 147—2017 Code for Foundation Design on Port and Waterway Engineering and JTS206—2017 Code for Foundation construction on Port and Waterway Engineering, and further analyzes the main differences in the design and construction with the conventional vacuum preloading method and the non-sand blanket vacuum preloading method for a purpose to help engineering practitioners better understand DB/T 29-263—2019 in the promotion of application of non-sand blanket vacuum preloading method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Control Theory & Applications / Kongzhi Lilun Yu Yinyong is the property of Editorial Department of Control Theory & Applications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper focuses on the reform of experimental teaching in electronic packaging technology courses, and establishes multi-dimensional teaching objectives based on knowledge, ability, and ideological and political education. This paper constructs a full packaging process knowledge system led by the forefront of technology, forms an online and offline multimodal experimental teaching mode using modern information technologies such as virtual simulation and SPOC video, and establishes a scientific and comprehensive evaluation system for experimental teaching, Guides value throughout the entire process of talent cultivation. This reform has greatly improved students' self-learning ability, problem-solving ability, and exploratory innovation ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The traditional differential evolution（DE） algorithm balanced global exploration and local exploitation inadequately, and had problems with easily falling into local optimal solutions, low solution accuracy and slow convergence speed. Therefore, this paper proposed a differential evolution algorithm based on random neighborhood mutation and optimal opposition-based learning（RNODE） and analyzed for its complexity. Firstly, the algorithm generated a random neighborhood for each individual in the current population, and used the global best individual to guide the neighborhood best individual to generate a composite basis vector, combined with an adaptive update mechanism of the control parameters to constitute a random neighborhood mutation strategy, which enabled the algorithm maintained its exploration ability and guided the population towards the optimal direction. Secondly, to further help the algorithm jump out of the local optimum, the algorithm performed the optimal opposition-based learning strategy on the poorer individuals to expand the search area. Finally, this paper compared RNODE with 9 algorithms to verify the effectiveness and advancement of RNODE. The experimental results on 23 benchmark functions and 2 real-world engineering optimization problems show that the RNODE algorithm has a higher convergence accuracy, faster speed and a greater stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology / Shuiwendizhi Gongchengdizhi is the property of Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Railway Construction Technology is the property of Railway Construction Technology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Railway Signalling & Communication Engineering is the property of Railway Signalling & Communication Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Railway Standard Design is the property of Railway Standard Design Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Advances in New & Renewable Energy is the property of Editorial Office of Advances in New & Renewable Energy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Carsologica Sinica is the property of Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Carsologica Sinica is the property of Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The cutting process finite element simulation technology is a numerical method to simulate the cutting process, which can investigate various physical mechanisms caused by material removal during the cutting process. It has significant advantages in optimizing cutting parameters, improving machining quality, and reducing research costs. The significantly investigate objective is how to make the finite element simulation of cutting process more consistent with actual cutting process, so numerous research on finite element simulation technology for cutting has been carried out both domestically and internationally, and the relevant achievements have been applied in engineering. This paper provides an overview of the basic principles, advantages, and development trends of geometric simulation and physical simulation in cutting process finite element simulation. It systematically summarizes the development of constitutive models and mesh partitioning by domestic and foreign scholars to improve the accuracy and efficiency of cutting machining finite element simulation. On this foundation, the research progress of the combination of geometric and physical simulation methods is summarized. Finally, the important issues and future development trends of finite element simulation technology for cutting machining are envisioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering is the property of Chongqing University of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Railway Construction Technology is the property of Railway Construction Technology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Railway Standard Design is the property of Railway Standard Design Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Reducing the effect of unwanted vibrations is an important topic in many engineering applications. In this paper we describe some recent developments in the area of passive vibration mitigation. This is based on a new device called the inerter which can be exploited in a range of different contexts. In this paper we consider two recent examples; (i) where a flywheel inerter is combined with a hysteretic damper, and (ii) in which a pivoted bar inerter is developed for a machining application. In both cases, experimental test results show that the devices can outperform existing methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Coal Science & Technology (0253-2336) is the property of Coal Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Control Theory & Applications / Kongzhi Lilun Yu Yinyong is the property of Editorial Department of Control Theory & Applications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ordnance Industry Automation is the property of Editorial Board for Ordnance Industry Automation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The "new engineering" concept requires that in addition to laying a solid professional foundation, engineering colleges and universities in China should also pay attention to improving the humanistic quality and developing a professional ethics education in training the engineering and technical talents. One important way is to carry out the engineering ethics education. By referring to the mature case-teaching ideas around the world and combining the practical experience accumulated in recent years, this paper focuses on the curriculum development and teaching reform of engineering ethics for students studying biological and medical engineering, from the perspectives of case selection and teaching method innovation. It also introduces some typical case studies, and summarizes the teaching effect analyzed from questionnaire.

Copyright of Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering is the property of Chongqing University of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Plastics / Zhongguo Suliao is the property of Journal Office of CHINA PLASTICS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology is the property of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology Periodical Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering is the property of Chongqing University of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of South China University of Technology (Natural Science Edition) is the property of South China University of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Railway Standard Design is the property of Railway Standard Design Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper discusses the necessity and urgency of the exploration and practice of the applied talent training system of chemical materials in local universities. We expound the renewal of personnel training mode, the setting of characteristic curriculum, and the innovation of school-enterprise cooperative education mechanism. It also updated the orientation of emerging engineering application-oriented talent training “grounded and close to industry”. Subsequently, we explored and practiced the “double 4-6” application-oriented talent training model. We further reconstruct the curriculum system matching the training of applied talents. The “three - three system” has been implemented for industry-university-research collaborative education mechanism. Finally, the new model is explained with fruitful results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve the local mining and global search ability of quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization algorithm ( QPSO), this paper proposed an improved QPSO algorithm( DSQPSO). DSQPSO algorithm introduced the double strategies co-evolution to adjust the particle position update formula. Firstly, in order to fully reflect the advantage of individual exploration and the characteristic of collective guidance, this paper put forward two kinds of ideas of attraction points to achieve better integration of individuals and the swarm as well as information exchange. Secondly, it redefined the search scope of the particle through considering the relationship between the optimal average position and the global optimum and individual's historical optimum respectively. Moreover, in the iterative process, DSQPSO used the random perturbation mechanism to adjust the global optimal position in order to help the diversity of the swarm to be preserved. Based on 18 test functions, this paper compared DSQPSO with PSO, QPSO, RQPSO and LQPSO in convergence accuracy and robustness. Furthermore, in terms of the optimization results, it compared the improved algorithm with eight intelligent algorithms on two practical engineering optimization problems. Experiments indicate that whether in benchmarking or in engineering application, DSQPSO has obvious advantages in calculation precision and convergence effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Harbour Engineering is the property of Editorial Office of China Harbour Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Guangdong Architecture Civil Engineering is the property of Guangdong Architecture Civil Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Engineering Management / Gongcheng Guanli Xuebao is the property of Journal of Engineering Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Guangdong Architecture Civil Engineering is the property of Guangdong Architecture Civil Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The eastern Himalayan syntaxis is one of the regions having the most intense tectonic activities, the most complex geological conditions, and the most frequent geohazards in the world. The planning and construction of engineering projects are faced with four types of catastrophic geo-safety risks, including tectonic faulting in the plate tectonic belt, disaster occurrence of the deep-buried tunnels, instability of loose mountains, and regional geological disaster chain. It is a critical topic in the field of engineering geology how to select relatively stable and safe sites in active tectonic zones to minimize the geo-safety risks of planning, construction, and operation of engineering projects. This paper summarized the major geo-safety problems in the eastern Himalayan syntaxis. Accordingly, it revealed that traditional site selection theories hardly satisfy the requirements of the engineering projects in the eastern Himalayan syntaxis area. The site selection encounters geo-safety challenges caused by unclear geological evolution process and construction, prominent disaster risk of tectonic activity and strong earthquake, weak research on the deep tectonic stress field and disaster evaluation, and severe ultra-high-elevation and ultra-long-runout geological disaster chain. Thus, this paper suggested the main research directions of the site selection from five aspects: (1) regional geological evolution and engineering geological problems, (2) active fault and engineering safety risk, (3) complex in-situ stress field and engineering disaster risk, (4) engineering risk of regional geological disaster chain, and (5) theory and method of site selection in eastern Himalayan syntaxis. This paper provides ideas for improving the risk assessment and prevention methods of site selection of engineering projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Railway Signalling & Communication Engineering is the property of Railway Signalling & Communication Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the construction of high-speed railway subgrade engineering, there is still a lack of advanced design and calculation methods for surcharge preloading with insufficient preloading period, which needs to be transformed from the qualitative stage to quantitative calculation stage. Based on the concept that surcharge preloading must be unloaded to equal preloading in advance and the settlement consolidation calculation theory, this paper systematically establishes the implementation principle and design method of surcharge preloading for high-speed railway subgrade with insufficient preloading period: (1)it is determined that the foundation does not need to be reinforced when the natural base or pile bottom of the pile-plate structure is strongly or weakly weathered bedrock; and it can be qualitatively reinforced conditionally under such other working conditions as when the post-construction subsidence meets the requirements of specification; (2) On the basis of determination the overload unloading time and the recommended value of unloading settlement standard, the calculation and design process of surcharge preloading are put forward; (3) The matters needing attention in settlement evaluation, unloading, site checking and calculation, and the impact of surrounding construction environment in future engineering application are pointed out. On the premise of reliable technology and reasonable economy, the requirements of on-time evaluation, unloading and track laying of the subgrade works shall be maximally satisfied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]