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Copyright of China Oncology is the property of Editorial Board of China Oncology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Evaluation & Analysis of Drug-Use in Hospitals of China is the property of Evaluation & Analysis of Drug-Use in Hospitals of China Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chongqing University of Technology (Natural Science) is the property of Chongqing University of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Evaluation & Analysis of Drug-Use in Hospitals of China is the property of Evaluation & Analysis of Drug-Use in Hospitals of China Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the efficacy of rituximab in the treatment of recurrent primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) associated dry eye, so as to provide reference for clinical treatment. METHODS: Totally 81 patients with recurrent pSS associated xerophthalmia admitted into this hospital from Jan. 2015 to Aug. 2021 were selected and divided into two groups by random number table. The control group (41 cases, 82 eyes) was given prednisone acetate, hydroxychloroquine sulfate and cyclophosphamide for systemic administration and topical eye drops for 8 weeks; while the observation group (40 cases, 80 eyes) were given rituximab 375 mg/m² for intravenous drip based on the control group, once a week for 8 weeks. Scores of the standard patient evaluation of eye dryness (SPEED) questionnaire, rupture time of tear film, scores of Schirmer Ⅰ tear secretion test and corneal fluorescein staining of the two groups were observed, incidence of adverse drug reactions and recurrence during follow-up were recorded. RESULTS: After treatment, the SPEED scores of eye dryness, foreign body sensation, pain, burning sensation or tearing and total score, and scores of corneal fluorescein staining of both groups were significantly lower than before treatment, the rupture time of tear film was longer than before treatment, and the length of Schirmer I tear secretionsoaked filter paper was increased compared with before treatment in both groups, with statistically significant differences (P<0. 01). The SPEED scores of eye dryness [(2. 15±0. 36) points vs. (3. 26±0. 47) points], foreign body sensation [(2. 11±0. 28) points vs. (3. 02±0. 40) points], pain [(2. 03±0. 28) points vs. (2. 95±0. 36) points], burning sensation or tearing [(1. 26±0. 24 ) points vs. (2. 15±0. 39) points] and total score [(7. 55± 1. 46) points vs. (11. 38±2. 74) points], and scores of corneal fluorescein staining [(3. 11±0. 53) points vs. (4. 02± 0. 69) points] of the observation group were lower than those of the control group after treatment, and the rupture time of tear film [(9. 57±2. 03) s vs. (7. 35±1. 95 ) s] of the observation group was longer than that of the control group, the length of Schirmer Ⅰ tear secretion-soaked filter paper [(8. 97 ±2. 17) mm vs. (6. 95 ±1. 72) mm] of the observation group was greater than that of the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0. 01). The recurrence rate of the observation group [5. 00% (2/40) vs. 24. 39% (10/41)] was lower than that of the control group, with statistically significant difference (P<0. 05). The difference in the incidences of adverse drug reactions between two groups was not statistically significant ( P > 0. 05). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with conventional treatment, the application of rituximab for recurrent pSS associated dry eye can significantly induced lacrimal secretion, improved dry eye symptoms and reduced the risk of recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine is the property of Journal of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Guangxi Normal University - Natural Science Edition is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The era of tumor treatment has been revolutionized by the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, while immunotherapy benefits patients, it can also lead to immune-related adverse events that may affect multiple organs and systems throughout the body, potentially even posing a life-threatening risk. The diverse clinical manifestations and onset times of these adverse events further complicate their prediction and diagnosis. The purpose of this paper is to review the clinical characteristics and predicted biomarkers of adverse events related to inhibitors at immune checkpoints, in order to help clinicians evaluate drug risks and early warn adverse events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Salbutamol (SAL) is a classic short-acting β2 adrenergic receptor agonist, which can alleviate airway smooth muscle, relieve bronchospasm, inhibit the release of inflammatory factors, and is commonly used as an antiasthmatic drug. Currently, commercially available SAL is dominated by racemic (R/ S) mixtures, of which R-SAL is the dominant isomer. R/ S-chiral SAL has different pharmacokinetics and pharmacological effects, yet R-Sal has not completely replaced SAL due to the controversy of pharmacological advantages and economic factors. In addition to the treatment of asthma, SAL has potential in the field of rare neurological diseases and in anti-inflammatory and pain adjuvant therapy. SAL has high safety while rare adverse drug reactions have been reported. This paper reviews the distinction between enantiomers of SAL and its application in other fields, and provide comprehensive reference for further clinical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Evaluation & Analysis of Drug-Use in Hospitals of China is the property of Evaluation & Analysis of Drug-Use in Hospitals of China Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Nausea and vomiting is one of the common complications after anesthesia, which could seriously affect postoperative recovery of patients and reduce clinical treatment satisfaction. Serotonin 3 (5-hydroxytryptamine 3, 5-HT3) receptor antagonist and other drugs are often used to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting clinically. Being a second generation 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, palonosetron has the features of unique structure, higher affinity with receptors, long effective time and fewer adverse drug reactions, as compared with the first-generation 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. For this reason, it is highly recommended by both foreign and domestic guidelines for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. This paper gives a detailed discussion from the aspects of pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical application and safety of palonosetron for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting, so as to provide solid evidence for rational application of palonosetron in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sophorae tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine in clinic. It has various pharmacological effects such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-viral, liver protection and immune regulation. It is clinically used to treat tumors, pharyngeal inflammation, hepatitis and other diseases. However, the adverse drug reactions are commonly reported. Toxicological studies have found that excessive dosage of Sophorae tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma can bring toxic reactions to digestive system, nervous system, respiratory system, blood system, cardiovascular system and hepatobiliary system, etc. Among them, neurotoxicity is the most severe and harmful. This paper mainly reviews the chemical composition, imaging manifestations, neurotoxicity induced by irrational use (off-label dose, off-label course of treatment, long decoction time and irrational compatibility), potential mechanism of action, poisoning prevention measures and post poisoning treatment methods, so as to provide reference for further exploring the pharmacological and toxicological mechanism, clinical rational use and avoiding toxicity of Sophorae tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Methotrexate (MTX) is an anti-metabolic cytotoxic drug. High-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) supplemented with calcium leucovorin is a profile for clinical treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, osteosarcoma, malignant lymphoma and other cancers. However, HD-MTX may produce serious toxicity and significant differences may exist individually. Serious adverse drug reactions may occur, should there be delayed metabolic excretion. This paper is a comprehensive review on the pharmacokinetics, influential factors and detection methods of plasma concentration of HD-MTX, and will provide reference for clinicians and pharmacists and safe and rational use of HD-MTX will be ensured clinically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prevalence of potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) use is high, presenting a serious public health problem. In older adults, PIM increases the risks of adverse drug events, falls, hospitalizations, and emergency treatments as well as related medical expenses. The currently popular criteria for determining medication appropriateness and several common medication appropriateness assessment tools are introduced in this paper, including the Medication Appropriateness Index, the Beers criteria series, the Screening Tool of Older Person's Prescriptions (STOPP) and the Screening Tool to Alert doctors to Right Treatment (START) series, Thailand criteria, and the PIM-Taiwan criteria, with the goal of facilitating their application by medical professionals in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mycosystema is the property of Mycosystema Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have been a highly prevalent disease in China, and its therapeutic drugs are mostly chemical drugs with most adverse drug reactions. Traditional administration methods of cardiovascular drugs have low oral bioavailability and poor patient compliance;intravenous injection is of high dose and low safety. Transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) is convenient and safe, which can deliver drugs to cardiovascular lesions in a targeted way, and can make the clinical effect of drug treatment of CVD more remarkable. Therefore, TDDS can provide a new breakthrough point for the treatment of CVD. This paper expounds the necessity and application status of transdermal drug delivery system in CVD by consulting domestic and foreign literature, in order to provide more theoretical basis for the application of TDDS in CVD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Mecobalamin tablets combined with Mudan granules in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. METHODS: Embase, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, W anfang Data, CNKI and CBM databases were retrieved to collect the randomized controlled trial ( RCT) of Mecobalamin tablets combined with Mudan granules in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy ( the study group was treated with Mecobalamine tablets combined with Mudan granules, while the control group received Mecobalamine tablets alone), the retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to Mar. 2022. The Chinese database was limited to the statistical source journals of Chinese scientific and technical papers, and the English database did not make journal restrictions. After literature selection, data extraction and bias risk evaluation of included literature, Rev Man 5. 4 software was used for Meta-analysis. RESULTS: A total of 13 studies were enrolled, including 1 438 patients, with 745 cases in the study group and 693 cases in the control group. In terms of efficacy, the total effective rate (OR=3. 31,95%CI=2.41-4. 55,P

Metformin is the drug of choice for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, and the adverse drug reactions of vitamin B12 deficiency induced by metformin have attracted increasing attention. This paper reviews the epidemiology, mechanism of action, influencing factors and interventions taken for the rational clinical application of metformin by searching and reviewing and analyzing the published literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Hebei University of Science & Technology is the property of Hebei University of Science & Technology, Journal of Hebei University of Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As a new method, immunotherapy which is targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) plays a more and more important role in the treatment of malignant tumors. Immu-notherapy is more effective than traditional chemotherapy. However, there are also many adverse events during the application of immunocheckpoint inhibitors targeting PD-1/PD-L1, and the incidence rate of these adverse events among different drugs is different. Because the molecular structure of these drugs is an important indicator to distinguish them, this paper will analyze the correlation between molecular structure and adverse events of PD-1/PD-L1 immunocheckpoint inhibitors through reviewing some meta-analyses and retrospective analyses from the perspective of different structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper studied the algorithm of drug repositioning based on collaborative filtering. Considering the great influence of data sparsity on collaborative filtering algorithm, it proposed a hybrid recommendation algorithm based on the association of drug and disease characteristics. The algorithm not only used the data of drug and disease, but also used the information of drug structure, target protein, side effect and drug-disease feature matrix to calculate the similarity between drugs, which reduced the influence of data sparsity to the recommendation effect and improved the precision of recommendation. The results of contrastive experiment show that the algorithm has a good recommendation effect, and can explore the drug-disease combinations which have po tential relationship, and further verified that the algorithm can be effectively applied to drug repositioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Brewing is the property of China Brewing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Practical Pharmacy & Clinical Remedies is the property of Editorial Department of Practical Pharmacy & Clinical Remedies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Practical Pharmacy & Clinical Remedies is the property of Editorial Department of Practical Pharmacy & Clinical Remedies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Currently, there are two categories of antiviral drugs used for chronic hepatitis B (CHB): interferons (IFNs) and nucleos(t) ide analogues (NAs). IFNs showed lower efficacy and more adverse effects, although they achieved some anti - HBV results. NAs showed stronger antiviral activity and a lower incidence rate of adverse effects; however, there are also some problems, such as high risk of relapse after the NAs are discontinued and increased rate of drug resistance with a longer course of treatment. Therefore, it is very important for clinicians to investigate the optimal therapy against HBV to further improve efficacy and safety in the treatment of CHB. In this paper, the research on combination therapy and sequential therapy against HBV is reviewed, in the hope that clinicians may have a deeper knowledge of combination therapy and sequential therapy against HBV, so as to provide more choices for antiviral therapy of CHB patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Progress in Modern Biomedicine is the property of Publishing House of Progress in Modern Biomedicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)