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[ Objective] The purpose of the paper aimed to explore the diversity and variation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in the root system and rhizosphere soil of Camellia oleifera which were affected by varying degrees of root rot in Dehong prefecture. [ Method] The level of AMF colonization within the root system of C. oleifera and the spore density presented in the rhizosphere soil were assessed by staining and wet screening precipitation methods, respectively. The diversity and community structure of AMF presented in both the root system and rhizosphere soil of C. oleifera were analyzed using Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology. [ Result] As the disease severity increased, there was a gradual decrease in both the colonization rate and spore density of AMF, indicating a negative correlation between disease severity and AMF abundance. Based on the high-throughput sequencing results, a total of203 AMF-OTUs were detected in the C. oleifera root and rhizosphere soil samples. These OTUs were classified into 1 phylum, 1 class, 4 orders, 7 families and 5 genera( norank and unclassified AMF at the genus level as ' Others' ). The composition and distribution of AMF genera in both C. oleifera roots and rhizosphere soil exhibited variations across different disease levels. In the root system, the number of OTUs as well as the Ace and Chao indices were higher in C. oleifera samples with mild disease compared to those with severe disease, and the Shannon index demonstrated a decreasing pattern with the disease aggravation ( HR0 > DRl > DR2 > DR3 > DR4). In the rhizosphere soil, there was a gradual reduction in the number of OTUs as the disease severity increased ( HSO > DSl > DS2 > DS3 > OS4). Samples of C. oleifera with mild disease exhibited a higher Ace index and Chao index than those with more severe disease, while the Shannon index remained relatively stable across different disease severity levels. Principal component analysis ( PCA) revealed shifts in the community structure of AMF in C. oleifera across various disease levels. The community structure tended to become more uniform as the disease progressed, which was notably distinct from the community structure observed in healthy C. oleifera plants. There were correlations between AMF evenness, spore density, and colonization rate with soil physical and chemical properties. However, soil physical and chemical properties did not have a significant impact on spore richness and diversity index. [ Conclusion] The AMF community in the roots and rhizosphere soil of diseased C. oleifera had the following characteristics : the colonization rate and diversity of AMF within the root system of diseased C. oleifera decreased, and the spore density of AMF within the inter-root soil also decreased. Additionally, the AMF community structure in both the root system and the inter-root soil underwent alterations. The study lays a theoretical foundation for screening AMF fungicides with antagonistic effects against C. oleifera diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The diversity of fungi and potential orchid mycorrhizas in Cypripedium macranthum rhizospheric soil collected from Baihuashan Natural Reserve in Beijing was preliminarily revealed at the molecular level. [Method] Clone library technique was used to analyze the composition of fungal community. [Result]96 rhizospheric fungi were cloned, of which44 rhizospheric fungi cloned were unknown, and 52 rhizospheric fungi based on 97 % sequence similarity levels were divided into the total of 24 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), which belonged to 5 phyla, 6 calss, 11 order, 16 family and 15 genera. Among these fungi identified, MortiereUa was dominant genera in rhizosphere soil of C. macranthum. According to reports on orchid mycorrhizal fungi, it was speculated that 4 OUTs might be potential my-corrhizal fungi, which were Rliizoctonia, Ceratobasidium, and Tulasnellaceae, respectively. [Conclusion] The preliminary analysis on the composition of rhizosphere soil fungi and potential orchid mycorrhizas was of great significance for isolating and screening of certain mycorrhizal fungi that were associated with C. macranthum seed germination. Meanwhile, the research results were also beneficial for ex-situ conservation of wild C. macranthum . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The present paper aimed to analyze the composition of arbuscular mycorrhiza(AM) fungi in the rhizosphere soil of healthy and diseased ginger plots to provide a theoretical basis for the comprehensive control of ginger blast using micro-ecological control methods.[Method] Using ginger fields with different disease severities in Guilin, Liuzhou and Baise, ten soil samples were collected from the following fields: Guilin Quanzhou, Liuzhou Sandu, Liuzhou Liucheng, Baise Debao and Baise Tianlin. Healthy and diseased ginger numbers are KJJ2S,BMJ1S,LCJ1S,FGJS,NGJS,KJB2S,BMB1S,LCB1S,FGBS and NGBS. Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing technique was used to study the diversity and community structure of AM fungi in the soil. The correlation between fungal community structure and soil nutrients was clarified with redundancy analysis (RDA). [Result] At the similarity level of 97%,the OTU number and Chao index of fungi in diseased samples were higher than those of healthy samples. By evaluating the diversity index of the AM fungi species through the Shannon index and Simpson index, it was found that the healthy samples had a higher diversity index compared to the diseased samples in all the sample fields. In terms of community composition at the genus level, 312 OTUs are classified into Paraglomus, Acaulospora, and Glomus and unclassified cGlomeromycetes. RDA results showed that soil available phosphorus significantly affected the AM fungal community (P<0.05, the same as below), and total nitrogen, organic matter, pH, and Magnesium(Mg) had no significant effects on the AM fungal community(P>0.05).The results of Heatmap analysis showed that Paraglomus was significantly negatively correlated with available phosphorus content(P<0.01), and significantly negatively correlated with organic matter content. [Conclusion] There are differences in the composition of AM fungal community between ginger healthy plots and diseased plots. The OTUs number and abundance of AM fungi of diseased ginger soil are higher than healthy ginger soil, but less diversity than healthy ginger soil. Dominant species of AM fungi at different sampling points are different, and their diversity, abundance and community composition structure are mainly affected by effective P content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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To investigate the influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi inoculum on sugarcane in latosol acid soil, sugarcane plants were inoculated with AMF, and the soil property, the communities of original AMF and the plant growth were investigated. The results showed that AMF enhanced absorption of available potassium in soil, and increased the pH value. The communities of soil AMF were afected by AMF inoculants, and septate hypha and microsclerotia of dark septate endophytes (DSE) were found significantly more in the soil applied complex fertilizer than others whether applying AMF or not. AMF inoculation stimulated the plant growth, and increased the millable stalks and sugarcane productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]