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Copyright of Mining & Metallurgy (10057854) is the property of Beijing Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy Technology Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The expansion of rubber plantations is an important driving factor and main manifestation of land use/cover change in Xishuangbanna, which has extensive socio-economic and eco-environment effects locally. However, to our knowledge, the expansion trends of rubber plantations are still not clearly understood, such as the distribution characteristics and changes of rubber plantations in traffic corridors, along rivers, and along border regions. Based on the 30 m resolution rubber plantations dataset of Xishuangbanna from 1987 to 2018, we used GIS spatial analysis methods, such as overlay and buffer, to compare the spatial characteristics and regional differences of rubber plantations along roads, rivers, and boundary lines in the past 32 years. The results were as follows: Firstly, from 1987 to 2018, rubber plantations in Xishuangbanna expanded significantly in traffic corridors, along rivers, and along border regions. The planted area of rubber plantations increased by 1,874.6 km2 within 5 km along the roads, 1,484.6 km2 within 5 km along the rivers, and 1,393.1 km2 in the border regions (i.e., a buffer of 20 km). Secondly, roads have been affected by the accessibility of rubber farming and transportation. Over the past 32 years, the average proportion of rubber plantations within the 5 km buffer zone of the roads has exceeded 90%. Roads play an important guiding role in the location selection of rubber plantations. Rubber plantations are planted in areas close to roads, rather than areas far from roads with poor accessibility, because it is not convenient to pick rubber or undergo rubber plantation replacement otherwise, and this may reduce planting or result in a switch to other cash crops. Thirdly, rivers and water source irrigation are important conditions and limiting factors for rubber plantation expansion. In the past 32 years, the average proportion of rubber plantations in the 5 km buffer zone along the rivers has been 69.7%. It is worth noting that, as a result of natural rubber prices remaining low, urbanization, and ecological environmental protection, the planted area of rubber plantations along the river began to decline in the 2010s, especially within 2 km along the line. Finally, in border regions, the rubber plantations showed obvious characteristics of border-proneness in Xishuangbanna. Over the past 32 years, the average proportion has been 55.6% of rubber plantations in the border regions, and this increased from 35.4% in 1987 to 66.2% in 2018. In particular, the expansion area and rate of the Sino–Myanmar border are higher than those of the Sino-Laos border. This study is helpful for clarifying the spatial distribution and change trend of rubber plantations in Xishuangbanna. It provides support for future rubber plantation planting and cross-border cooperation.

Copyright of China Rural Water & Hydropower is the property of China Rural Water & Hydropower Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The expansion of rubber plantations is an important driving factor and main manifestation of land use/ cover change in Xishuangbanna, which has extensive socio-economic and eco-environment effects locally. However, to our knowledge, the expansion trends of rubber plantations are still not clearly understood, such as the distribution characteristics and changes of rubber plantations in traffic corridors, along rivers, and along border regions. Based on the 30 m resolution rubber plantations dataset of Xishuangbanna from 1987 to 2018, we used GIS spatial analysis methods, such as overlay and buffer, to compare the spatial characteristics and regional differences of rubber plantations along roads, rivers, and boundary lines in the past 32 years. The results were as follows: Firstly, from 1987 to 2018, rubber plantations in Xishuangbanna expanded significantly in traffic corridors, along rivers, and along border regions. The planted area of rubber plantations increased by 1,874.6 km2 within 5 km along the roads, 1,484.6 km2 within 5 km along the rivers, and 1,393.1 km2 in the border regions (i.e., a buffer of 20 km). Secondly, roads have been affected by the accessibility of rubber farming and transportation. Over the past 32 years, the average proportion of rubber plantations within the 5 km buffer zone of the roads has exceeded 90%. Roads play an important guiding role in the location selection of rubber plantations. Rubber plantations are planted in areas close to roads, rather than areas far from roads with poor accessibility, because it is not convenient to pick rubber or undergo rubber plantation replacement otherwise, and this may reduce planting or result in a switch to other cash crops. Thirdly, rivers and water source irrigation are important conditions and limiting factors for rubber plantation expansion. In the past 32 years, the average proportion of rubber plantations in the 5 km buffer zone along the rivers has been 69.7%. It is worth noting that, as a result of natural rubber prices remaining low, urbanization, and ecological environmental protection, the planted area of rubber plantations along the river began to decline in the 2010s, especially within 2 km along the line. Finally, in border regions, the rubber plantations showed obvious characteristics of border-proneness in Xishuangbanna. Over the past 32 years, the average proportion has been 55.6% of rubber plantations in the border regions, and this increased from 35.4% in 1987 to 66.2% in 2018. In particular, the expansion area and rate of the Sino - Myanmar border are higher than those of the Sino-Laos border. This study is helpful for clarifying the spatial distribution and change trend of rubber plantations in Xishuangbanna. It provides support for future rubber plantation planting and cross-border cooperation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Remote Sensing is the property of Editorial Office of Journal of Remote Sensing & Science Publishing Co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mountain Research (10082786) is the property of Mountain Research Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper provided a comprehensive and structured survey by analyzing the most advanced methods of HUPM. First of all, this paper introduced the relevant concepts and formulas of HUPM and gave application examples of HUPM. It classified and analyzed the most common and advanced key technologies used to mine different types of HUPM, including A priori-based, tree-based, list-based, projection-based, vertical/horizontal data-based, index-based, and more. Because the static data is difficult to meet the actual needs, this paper summarized the HUPM methods applied on the data stream, mainly including based on the incremental methods, based on the sliding window model methods, based on the time decay model methods, based on the landmark model methods and so on. Finally, this paper gave the shortcomings of the current technologies and the direction of improvement, and proposed new research methods in a targeted manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the influence of the distribution characteristics of micro pores in soil on the strength of foamed soil with river sludge, the digital image analysis method was applied on the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the micro pore distribution in the foamed soil with river sludge. The experimental results show that the pore groups with 0.06-0.08 mm and0.20-0.40 mm equivalent aperture are dominant pore groups in foamed soil with river sludge under laboratory condition, the strength of foamed soil with river sludge is closely related to the distribution characteristics of dominant pore groups; the increase of the foam amount will lead to the increase of the number and area proportion of the larger size pore group, the increase of inhomogeneity of pore size distribution, and the decrease of the strength and stiffness of foamed soil with river sludge; the increase of the cement content makes the number and area proportion of the larger size pore group in the foamed soil with river sludge decrease, and the strength and stiffness of foamed soil with river sludge are improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a new platform in big data stream computing, Apache Heron ignores the difference in communication modes between task instances and the unbalance of processing load among nodes, which leads to the decline system performance. To address the problem, this paper designed the model of node resource limitation, the model of communication overhead optimization and the model of data stream relationships among instances, as the foundation to propose the TUR-Heron. The strategy was composed of the node resource limitation algorithm and the instance reallocation algorithm. By judging the criteria for instance reallocation and executing instance reallocation algorithm, this strategy transformed the inter-node data streams into intra-node data streams and minimized the communication overhead of the system. The experimental results show that under the three sets of benchmarks, TUR-Heron reduces the communication overhead between nodes and the response latency of the system compared with the default scheduling strategy, and improves the balance of resource utilization of computing nodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Petroleum Geology & Recovery Efficiency is the property of Petroleum Geology & Recovery Efficiency and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Taking the first stage of the south channel regulation project in the Yangtze River Estuary as an example, the main technical difficulties in the construction of soft mattress in deep - water channel were studied based on the complex hydrogeological conditions of deep-water channel. Through the innovation of sailing refinement, measurement refinement and detection refinement, a more effective construction technology of soft mattress was developed and a breakthrough of reducing the reserved width of soft mattress to 2 m was realized. The applicability of the technology was verified by the engineering application. Through the quantitative comparison with the first stage of a waterway project in the Yangtze River, the technology has good practical effects in quality improvement, time saving and cost saving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the problem that the neural network online intrusion detection model is prone to over-fitting and generalization, this paper proposed an improved denoising autoencoder online intrusion detection model based on the modified to distinguish between normal and abnormal traffic patterns. Denoising AutoEncoder reduced the difference between training data and test data, alleviated over-fitting problems, and improved the performance of the model. At the same time, the threshold selection method directly affected the detection accuracy of the network intrusion detection model. It determined the threshold by a random method. Unlike offline intrusion detection, the optimal threshold could be selected without a complete data set. It tested the model using the anomalous data stream in CICIDS2017 with an accuracy of 90.19%. The results show that, as an online detection model, the proposed anomaly detection model is superior to other anomaly detection methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the TCP/AWM network system congestion tracking control problem， a congestion control strategy design idea based on AWM mechanism was proposed. For the nonlinear model of the network system， the coordinate transformation was used to transform it into an error model with a lower triangle form. An H∞ controller was designed using backstepping technology. Considering the interference situation of UDP flow in the system， an H∞ performance function was designed to inhibit the interference effect. A sufficient condition was obtained for the stability of the error system by combining the backstepping technology with the H∞ performance function. The simulation results showed that the proposed control method can quickly stabilize the queue length， and is still effective when the UDP stream occupies nearly half of the link bandwidth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of South China Fisheries Science is the property of South China Fisheries Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the last 70 years, China has made great achievements in the treatment of the Huaihe River basin. Now the main stream of the middle and lower reaches of Huaihe River and the Hongzehu Lake have become the key areas for further treatment. This paper systematically sorts out the main contradiction changes in the treatment of the Huaihe river basin in the new period, from the perspective of strategic status improvement of the river basin, economic and social development, evolution of natural environment and changes in water issues. The strategic thinking and suggestions for comprehensive treatment of the middle and lower reaches of the Huaihe River basin are also put forward, from the aspects of basic research on water and sediment, reveal of targeted problems, restructuration of rivers and lakes, and comprehensive treatment measures. This paper also introduces the contents and technical methods of further research on the evolution and treatment of the main stream of Huaihe River and the Hongzehu Lake, as well as the preliminary research results and conclusions, from the following four aspects: the revolution law of rainfall and flood in the main stream and tributaries, the characteristics of sediment in the main stream of Huaihe River and the Hongzehu Lake and their variation law, the present situation and the flood control effect and coordination of the planned project, and the proposal for combination scheme of engineering measures. This paper can provide a reference for the planning and designing of the Huaihe River basin treatment in the new period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high utility pattern mining methods over data stream are based on the binary frequent pattern mining methods, and introduce the internal utility and external utility of the item. In the pattern mining process, it can consider the importance of the item to explore more valuable patterns. From the perspective of key window technologies, common methods and representations, this paper analyzed the high utility mining methods over data stream and summarized the related algorithms to study its characteristics, advantages, disadvantages and key problems. Specifically, this paper illustrated the common concepts of high utility pattern mining over data stream. It analyzed the key window technologies for processing data flow efficient mode, involving sliding, damped, landmark and titled window model. It researched one-phase and two-phase high utility pattern mining methods over data stream and analyzed the representation of the high utility pattern, that was, the completed high utility pattern and the compressed high utility pattern. It introduced other high utility pattern mining methods over data stream, including sequence high utility pattern, hybrid high utility pattern and high average utility pattern, etc. Finally, this paper looked forward to the further research direction of high utility pattern mining methods over data stream. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Central China Normal University is the property of Huazhong Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Central China Normal University is the property of Huazhong Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Due to the good expressing power of the tree-structured data format, the data stream transmitted on the Internet is preferred stored in a tree structure. However, knowledge embedded in a data stream is more likely to be changed over time, considering the problem of finding recent frequent tree patterns over a data stream sliding window, this paper proposed a method SWMiner which used to mine recent frequent tree patterns over sliding window, it used to mined the recent frequent tree pattern at any time step. SWMiner used a trie-based structure to compactly store the tree patterns and trie merging approach to support updating support of pattern efficiently. It conducted extensive experiments on several synthetic and real datasets. The results of experiment show that SWMiner performs much better than the well-known existing algorithm and can find the recent frequent tree pattern efficiently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Beijing University of Technology is the property of Journal of Beijing University of Technology, Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Based on the meteorological data of 60 stations above the Bengbu Sluice of Huaihe River from 1961 to 2015, crop water deficit index (CWDI) and relative moisture index (M) were calculated. By taking winter wheat drought as the representative of agricultural drought, the temporal and spatial characteristics of winter wheat drought and meteorological drought during the growth period were analyzed. The duration, severity and frequency of 30 major drought events were identified through the run theory, and the correlation between agricultural drought and meteorological drought was studied. The results showed that: (1) In terms of time, the proportion of agricultural drought in winter wheat growth period was higher than that of meteorological drought, and the years with the largest interannual difference occurred in the pre-winter growth period; (2) In terms of space, the winter wheat drought and meteorological drought in the whole growth period and each growth period were distributed by zonal mode structure, and the drought gradually increases from south to north. More than 75% of the drought of winter wheat occurs from over-wintering period to filling and mature period, while meteorological drought only occurred during over-wintering period; (3) Winter wheat drought was delayed compared with meteorological drought, and its intensity was greater than that of meteorological drought. The average duration was 18.8 dekad and 17.3 dekad, respectively, and the average severity was 12.2 and 9.9, respectively; (4) When the duration of meteorological drought reached 1.28 dekad or the drought severity reached 3.35, the drought of winter wheat will be triggered, and the frequency of the duration and severity return period of winter wheat drought was greater than that of meteorological drought. Agricultural drought has a longer duration, greater frequency and greater severity than meteorological drought and meteorological drought aggravates agricultural drought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the problem of low data transmission rate of traditional single path routing protocol in resource-constrained LEO satellite network, based on GEO/ LEO double-layer satellite network model, this paper proposed a new multi-path routing protocol ( N-NCMR ) for double-layer satellite network based on network coding(NC). Firstly, it used GEO satellite to calculate routing for LEO satellite network, and used NC technology to transmit different parts of data stream along multiple disjoint paths dynamically, thus it reduced the burden of LEO satellite. Secondly, this paper designed a delayed acknowledgement mechanism to accelerate data transmission. Source nodes could send subsequent groups continuously before receiving the previous set of acknowledgement ( ACK) messages. The simulation results show that the proposed protocol significantly improves the throughput and data transmission efficiency of LEO satellite network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technology is an important method to detect surface deformation. However, differential InSAR (D-InSAR), small baseline subset InSAR (SBAS-In- SAR) and permanent scatters InSAR (PS-InSAR) have their own advantages and disadvantages in the early investigation of geological hazards. 127 ALOS-2 images and 96 Sentinel-1 images are processed by different InSAR techniques, and 840 surface deformations are interpreted in Longmenshan-Dadu River area. Through field investigation, it is found that about 70% of the interpreted areas show signs of deformation. The relationship between the distribution of deformation area, stratum structure, lithology and active fault is analyzed. The different InSAR monitoring results in typical deformation area are compared and analyzed. The consistency, accuracy and reliability of different InSAR technologies in the application of surface deformation monitoring are verified. We provide a reference for the engineering application in early detection of geological hazards using various InSAR techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hydrochemistry of main rivers and groundwater were investigated to understand the major ion composition and its origin of water in Tianjin. The results showed that Na+ is the dominant cation of water. In terms of anions, Cl-and SO42-are primary in surface water; Cl- and HCO3- are dominant in groundwater. The water types of surface water changed from HCO3-Na(Ca) to Cl(SO4)-Na until Cl-Na along river flows till estuaries; while the groundwater types changed from HCO3-Ca to Cl-Na along the groundwater flow direction (from north to south) demonstrating horizontal zonal distribution. In addition, evaporation-crystallization and rock weathering are the primary geochemical processes responsible for the origins of the major ions in water. Chemical compositions of rivers were mainly influenced by silicate rocks, while groundwater was controlled by carbonate and silicate rocks. Moreover, seawater intrusion and ion exchange showed significant effects on hydro -chemical composition and characteristics of water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Research of Environmental Sciences is the property of Research of Environmental Sciences Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Scientific assessment of spatial vulnerability and resilience and analysis of its spatiotemporal distribution characteristics can provide reference for the decision- making of land spatial development and protection. The comprehensive index assessment method and the Ordered Weighted Averaging (OWA) method are used to evaluate land spatial vulnerability and to simulate the land spatial resilience at the municipal scale in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, respectively. The comprehensive analysis is used to examine the combination characteristics of land saptial vulnerability and resilience. The results showed that: (1) The spatial vulnerability index of land in the study area has a significant downward trend, and the cumulative decline rate is 16.49% from 2008 to 2017. And the spatial vulnerability index gradually decreases from west to east. (2) Under the policy scenarios of "ecological priority", "maintenance status" and "development priority", the spatial resilience of the region is in the higher degree (47.22%), medium degree (35.19%) and low degree (99.07%), respectively. (3) The land in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is dominated by the types of low vulnerabilitymoderate resilience and low vulnerability- low resilience, accounting for 30.63% of the total land area. The overall vulnerability of land is low, and its resilience is at a low to medium level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to solve the problem of construction stratum disturbance caused by shallow overburden layer of shield tunnel crossing river, and the problem of stratum settlement caused by synchronous grouting volume and Tunneling pressure- this paper is based on the actual situation of Changzhou Metro Line 2 Phase I project, combined with the method of anti-floating stability, this paper solves the minimum soil thickness required for the shield tunnel to pass through the river. At the same time. ABAQIJS is used to establish a three-dimensional finite element analysis model to verify the correctness of the calculation results. Calculation based on minimum soil thickness, an effective control method is proposed by comparing the settlement conditions under different grouting volumes and different tunneling pressures. The results show that the minimum required soil thickness of this interval is 9.13 m, and the larger the synchronous grouting amount, the larger the ground settlement, the larger the tunneling pressure and the smaller the ground settlement. The conclusions obtained can give a certain reference for the construction of shield tunnels crossing rivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lin Hanjun wrote Meeting Red Water River with absolute sincerity of poverty relief. Though the author just recorded the actual situation with plain words, there reflected the author's deep love for the land, giving readers pure and honest flavor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The existing three views on the reasons for the disability of the Yalu River Iron Bridge are questioned. It is proposed that the competition for the shipping industry interest in Yalu River basin among the U.K, U.S and Japan results in the disability. After the September 18th Incident, in order to monopolize and plunder the rich resources in the Yalu River basin and weaken the powers of the U.K and U.S, Japan disable the rotation beam of the Yalu River iron bridge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the key influence factors and influence rules of flow field conditions on the liquid-fuel spray impinging combustion process and discuss the enhancement mechanism of flow field conditions on spray impinging combustion process, the numerical simulation method was used to investigate the spray combustion by impinging streams for the coaxial opposed double-nozzle. The results show that the double-nozzle impinging stream has obvious strengthening effect on the combustion under the same fuel mass flow rate. As the inlet velocity is increased, the fuel evaporation and reaction rates are increased with increased combustion temperature. There is an optimum spacing between the two nozzles to obtain the best combustion results. As the nozzle spacing is increased or decreased, the combustion reaction is weakened. When the nozzle angle is 180°, the best combustion effect can be obtained. As the angle between the nozzles is decreased, the evaporation rate is increased, and the combustion reaction is hindered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

William James's grasp of the original practical activities underlies his aesthetic thought of pragmatism. He is well versed in describing and analyzing the aesthetic phenomena in the field where the subject and the object are not separated. On the one hand, he emphasizes the impromptu features of aesthetic behaviors driven by meaning-seeking, centering on the analysis of their fresh state, which is original, occasional while inevitable. On the other hand, he also creatively explores the horizontal features of the smooth and impromptu development of aesthetic life from the perspective of stream of consciousness or consciousness of time. He believes that only under this premise can the spatial composition of art works come to be integral. By ensuring the integrity of aesthetic life and the spatial composition of art works, James's philosophy of aesthetic temporality provides an excellent exemplar for " spatiotemporal grammar" that describes aesthetic life. This article provides a revisionist idea that develops and supplements James's philosophy, some of which still remain latent, unconscious, and fragmented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an important part of national spaces and resources, the waterfront resource due to its special location at land-water interface is gradually drawing the attention form the society. Because of the importance of Yangtze golden waterway, the waterfront resources along the Yangtze River has the great economic value, and its ecological value is becoming more and more prominent with the implementation of the Yangtze River conservation strategy. Starting from the concept and characteristic of waterfront resources, this paper builds the theoretical framework and indicator system which could evaluate the value of waterfront resources. Then the economic and ecological functional values of waterfront resources along the Yangtze River are assessed, with the exploration about the zoning control strategies and planning suggestions for waterfront resources. Aiming to enrich the natural resources theoretical systems, finally, this study provides assessment and planning references for the Yangtze Economic Belt and other parts of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Central China Normal University is the property of Huazhong Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Central China Normal University is the property of Huazhong Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Central China Normal University is the property of Huazhong Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Central China Normal University is the property of Huazhong Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Central China Normal University is the property of Huazhong Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Central China Normal University is the property of Huazhong Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Central China Normal University is the property of Huazhong Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Central China Normal University is the property of Huazhong Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As the (Yangtze) River-(Dongting) Lake relationship changed and human activities increased,the water system pattern and connectivity in the Dongting Lake area have been also changed a lot,which exacerbated the deterioration of water environment and water ecology. Carrying out the researches on water system patterns and connectivity are important for the comprehensive improvement and ecological restoration of water systems of the Dongting Lake. Based on the network connectivity analysis method in landscape ecology,we created an evaluation index of water system pattern and connectivity including river frequency,river network density,circle degree of water system (α),node connection rate (β),and network connectivity (γ). Here,we analyze the current water system pattern and connectivity of the Dongting Lake Area compared to a planned water system,and we propose an optimized planning scheme for the studied water system. Our results demonstrate that the water system pattern and connectivity of the total area of the Dongting Lake are acceptable,but that there are large differences among sub-areas. The pattern and connectivity of the existing water system in the tail-stream area of the Xiangjiang and Zishui Rivers are at an acceptable level but are poor in the Song and Li Rivers area and the northern region of the Dongting Lake. The planned project will improve the water system connectivity efficiently in the Song-Li Rivers area,but not in the northern region. In the northern region,according to our optimized planning scheme,three indices (α,β,γ) increased by 13.2%,6.9% and 4.7%,respectively,compared to the existing water system,and our optimized planning scheme yielded an improvement of the proposed plan by 26%,9.4%,and 9.4%,respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The configuration of stepped channels in mountainous streams is influenced by the complex hydraulic characteristics,like the inflow,sediments and the larger slope river-bed. To further study its resistance mechanism,a new roughness height formula is derived and applied for the stepped channels by expanding the theory of roughness height of stepped channels configuration from the dimension of the hydraulic radius. The expression of Darcy-Weisbach form factor for the napping flow of the stepped channels is deduced. Thus the formula of total resistance factor is obtained from sources of resistance components. The results of the new formula shows that the error between the total flow resistance factor calculated from the three components and the actual field measured data is small based on the field data of different river sections. With the increase of Reynolds number and the size of step element,the resistance factor of sediment particles on the riverbed surface basically-stabilize at a certain. With the spill flow formed by the stepped riverbed configuration changing into the skimming flow,the resistance coefficient of the body gradually decreases,and the resistance factor of the flow generated by the larger loose boulder descends with the increase of Reynolds number. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Dalian University of Technology / Dalian Ligong Daxue Xuebao is the property of Journal of Dalian University of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Southern Yangtze University: Humanities & Social Sciences Edition is the property of Jiangnan Daxue and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to better understand the effect of the lake shrinkage on the flood process in a large lake,a quantitative analysis of the relationship between the lake shrinkage and the flooding in Dongting Lake was conducted,for which Jingjiang-Dongting Lake hydrodynamic model was applied and different scenarios of water area in the Dongting Lake were assumed. The results show that the water level and peak discharge will increase,and the peak time will occur earlier with the shrinkage of the lake. The water level in the West and South Dongting Lake would increase by around 2.0 m and the water level in the East Dongting Lake would increase by around 0.4 m if the area of Dongting Lake was shrunk from 2 670 km2 to 1 380 km2 when the 1996-type flood occurred in Dongting Lake. Moreover,the arrival time of the peak water level at Chenglingji station would be about 11 hours earlier,and the peak discharge would increase by about 4 300 m3/s. Hence,the flood disaster would be more severe in the Dongting Lake area if the lake continues to shrink from now on. In addition,the water surface slope changes a little in the West and South Dongting Lake. But the water surface slope increases a lot near the Lujiao station due to the water level in the East Dongting Lake is affected by both of the lake shrinkage and the water level in Yangtze River. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The storage capacity of Poyang Lake is influenced by the flow from the main stream of the Yangtze River and five rivers in the Poyang Lake basin. After the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) went into operation,hydrological changes in the main stream of the Yangtze River impacted water exchange between the river and Poyang Lake. Based on the analysis of measured data and factors influencing outflow at Hukou station,empirical formulas describing outflow at Hukou station and critical water level for lake storage capacity was established. The change in lake storage capacity in the months before and after the construction of the TGD was then analyzed quantitatively. The results show that the flows from the main stream of the Yangtze River and the five rivers in the Poyang Lake basin affected outflow and water storage capacity by changing the water level difference between Xingzi and Hukou stations and by changing the water level at Hukou station. But the Yangtze River and the five rivers in Poyang Lake basin dirrered in process and degree. Given no change in the water level at Hukou station,when the flow from the lake basin increased by 1 000 3/s,the outflow increased by 304 3/s. When the flow from the main stream of the Yangtze River increased by 1 000 m3/s,the outflow decreased by 723 3/s. In addition,the TGD already had an impact on the water storage capacity of Poyang Lake. The water volume of Poyang Lake decreased 49.4% in September,but increased 47.7% in May. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Sciencepaper is the property of China Sciencepaper and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sediment load entering the Yellow River Estuary has been greatly reduced and the river bed has been eroded because of the operation of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir,with the occurrence of remarkable channel adjustments. In order to describe comprehensively the bankfull channel geometry and flood discharge capacity in the Yellow River Estuary,a reach-averaged method was used in this study to calculate the reach-scale bankfull channel dimensions and bankfull discharge in the Yellow River Estuary annually from 1990 to 2016. Effects of channel evolution on the reach-scale bankfull channel dimensions and bankfull discharge in the study reach were investigated. In addition,empirical relationships were established between the reach-scale bankfull characteristic parameters and the previous four-year average fluvial erosion intensity during flood seasons in the Yellow River Estuary. These results show that both channel widening and channel incision occurred in the reach after 2003,and the variation in cross-sectional profiles in the Yellow River Estuary was mainly characterized by channel narrowing. Furthermore,bankfull discharge decreased with channel aggradation,and increased with channel degradation. Additionally,the correlation between each bankfull characteristic parameter and fluvial erosion intensity in the Yellow River Estuary was greater than 0.8,indicating the remarkable response of bankfull parameters to the altered flow and sediment regime at Lijin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, based on the damage mechanics principle, the prediction formulas of fatigue life of the paving system were proposed. Fatigue tests of compound beams prepared at paving layer construction site of Nanjing Fourth Yangtze River Bridge were used to validate the reliability of established model. Based on the actual overloading of Nanjing Fourth Yangtze River Bridge and the principle of equivalent replacement for top-level strain, the degradation law of the pavement’s fatigue life was obtained. Results indicated that predicting values from established model were closed to those from experimental measurements with a deviation rang of 10%. This suggested that the proposed prediction formulas were reliable. Results showed that the impact of overload on fatigue life was enormous.The more severe the overrun situation, the faster the fatigue life declined. Take the driver axis of 157 as an example, when overloaded30%, fatigue life decreased by 48%, and when overloaded 50%, fatigue life decreased by nearly 66%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]