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In order to adapt to the rapid development of green plant extract corrosion inhibitors, spinach extract (SPE) was selected as a corrosion inhibitor for Q235 steel in citric acid (CA) environment. SPE was extracted using a simple ethanol reflux method, and its main components, as well as their stability in CA, were confirmed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis). The corrosion inhibition performance of SPE on Q235 steel in 0.5 mol/L CA solution was investigated using various methods including weight loss, dynamic potential polarization (PDP), linear polarization resistance (LPR), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and contact angle measurements. Effects of temperature on the activation parameters (Ea, were studied by calculation. Results showed that chlorophyll was the main component of SPE, which exhibited good stability in a 0.5 mol/L CA solution. Furthermore, SPE significantly reduced the corrosion rate of Q235 steel in the 0.5 mol/L CA medium, acting as a mixed corrosion inhibitor for both cathodic and anodic reactions. With the increase of SPE concentration, both cathodic and anodic currents were reduced, active corrosion sites were blocked, the corrosion rate was decreased, and the corrosion inhibition efficiency was enhanced. The corrosion inhibition efficiency of Q235 steel obtained by weight loss method, PDP, LPR and EIS was more than 80% with 2.134 g/L of SPE concentration at 303 K. With the increase of system temperature, the corrosion inhibition efficiency of SPE on Q235 steel decreased, but the change was smaller. Compared to the blank system, the activation energy (Ea) of the system significantly increased after the addition of SPE. The effective components of SPE adsorped to the surface of Q235 steel in accordance with the Langmuir isotherm, predominantly through physical adsorption, and were characterized as monolayer adsorption. SPE exhibited good corrosion inhibition performance for Q235 steel in a 0.5 mol/L CA solution system, which was a green corrosion inhibitor with good application prospects in the pickling field. It could provide certain guidance for the development of plant extract-based corrosion inhibitors.

Objective·To investigate the mechanism of sevoflurane damaging neuron development in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of the neonatal mice after single or multiple sevoflurane anesthesia based on the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq).Methods·The neonatal mice were divided into multiple anesthesia exposure (Sev3) group, single anesthesia exposure (Sev1) group, and control group with 3 mice each. The Sev3 group received anesthesia with 3% sevoflurane and 60% O2 on postnatal day 6, 7, and 8, and the Sev1 group received anesthesia only on postnatal day 6. The PFC from mice in the 3 groups was harvested on postnatal day 9 for scRNA-seq. PFC cell profiles and neuronal subpopulation profiles of newborn mice after sevoflurane anesthesia were obtained by UMAP (uniform manifold approximation and projection) clustering, RNA velocity analysis, and transcription factor analysis (SCENIC). Differential expression gene analysis was performed. The biological processes and pathways of the differential genes were investigated through Gene Ontology (GO) database and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database; QuSAGE analysis was used to describe the activation of the cell cycle and Hippo signaling pathway gene sets. Transcript enrichment and stemness of PFC neuronal lineage cells of neonatal mice after sevoflurane anesthesia was determined by CytoTRACE score. The differentiation trajectory of PFC neurons was determined by using pseudo-time analysis, and the developmental nodes were resolved by BEAM analysis to identify key genes that determine different cell fates.Results·A total of 40 061 cells with 10 cell types were obtained from the PFC of newborn mice in the 3 groups by scRNA-seq. The down-regulated genes in the PFC cells after single sevoflurane anesthesia were enriched in cell differentiation, forebrain neuron differentiation, noradrenergic neuron differentiation, and cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron differentiation. The down-regulated genes after multiple sevoflurane anesthesia were enriched in positive regulation of cell differentiation. KEGG analysis showed that the down-regulated genes after single sevoflurane anesthesia were enriched in transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway, and the down-regulated genes after multiple sevoflurane anesthesia were enriched in the Notch signaling pathway. SCENIC analysis showed that early growth response 1 (Egr1) and SRY-box transcription factor 7 (Sox7) were up-regulated after both single and multiple sevoflurane anesthesia (both P

【Objective】 Available water for irrigation in Hetao irrigation district has been reduced consistently over the past decades. Improving its water management to alleviate soil salinity is critical to sustaining crop production in this region. The purpose of this paper is to seek optimal water-saving irrigation schemes for this region by using process-based models. 【Method】 The semi-distributed hydrological model (SahysMod) is used in our study. We consider spatial variability of numerous factors in the modelling, which include meteorology, hydrogeology, soil, irrigation and crops. The model is then combined with GIS to simulate the spatiotemporal dynamics of soil water and salt under different scenarios. Data measured from 2007 to 2012 and 2013—2016 were used to calibrate and verify the model, respectively. 【Result】 ①In a business as usual scenario, the annual drainage decreases first before gradually stabilizing, with the average annual drainage being 531 million m3; salinized lands in the middle and upper reaches of the irrigation district decrease slightly, but increase significantly in the lower reach. ②Considering water-saving in the whole irrigation district and ecological demand for water in the downstream and the Wuliangsuhai lake, the total water diversion from the canal head should be reduced by 15% from the current level. This will save up to 646 million m3 of water. ③If the current irrigation amount remains unchanged, the water utilization coefficient of the canal can be improved 17.6% at the best. ④If the reduction in total water diversion from Yellow River is the same, reducing irrigation amount in the field is the best way to boost salt leaching. In this scenario, reducing irrigation amount should be the priority, followed by improving water utilization coefficient of the canal. 【Conclusion】 In addition to saving water, considering ecological demand of the downstream for water is also important in optimizing water management in Hetao Irrigation District.

Objective·To explore the feasibility of applying improved pathological section boxes based on image post-processing and 3D printing technology to assisting artificial intelligence (AI) in stitching pathological images of bone tumors.Methods·Bone tumor patients who underwent tumor resection surgery between February 2022 and August 2022 were enrolled. Patients and their postoperative tumor specimens were examined by CT and MRI. The skeletal anatomical landmarks of bone tumors were used to register the preoperative CT, and MRI and the postoperative CT images. The personalized pathological slice box was improved and 3D printed to guide the cutting direction of bone tumor specimens. The large pathological slices were grid-like segmented and performed with hematoxylin-eosin staining. After AI stitching the pathological images, the pathological tumor boundaries were compared with the preoperative radiological boundaries.Results·Four patients with bone tumors (2 bone metastatic neoplasm, 1 osteosarcoma, and 1 chondrosarcoma; 3 males and 1 female) were collected to design the pathological section box with an average age of (40.25±25.70) years. The lesions included 3 cases of femur and 1 case of ilium. The mean maximum tumor diameter was (12.10±4.02) cm. The modified 3D printed pathological section box could fit the surface of bone tumor individually,and overcame the problems of difficult cutting or inaccurate cutting location caused by excessive movement of bone tumor specimens in the primary pathological section box. The pathological boundaries could be completely obtained and compared with the preoperative MRI boundaries for colocalization. The outline features of the section boxes could help AI to restore the permutation of pathological fragments, and the image stitching time decreased from the previous seventy hours to one hour while the boundary coincidence rates increased to 90%.Conclusion·The improved pathological section box of 3D printing can accurately assist AI in stitching pathological images, greatly improve the efficiency of pathological image stitching and achieve the colocalization between preoperative MRI and pathological images of bone tumor specimens.

Objective To investigate the effect of high-quality nursing for COVID-19 patients in makeshift hospitals. Methods A medical team of doctors and nurses was established to participate in the nursing of 528 COVID-19 patients in makeshift hospitals. A high-quality nursing program including environment evaluation, psychological care, sleep quality improvement, symptomatic care, safety management and diet care. Results There was no death or nosocomial infection case reported. No serious adverse event was reported throughout the study. Conclusion High-quality nursing plays an important role in relief of negative emotion, prevention of cross-infection and promotion of rehabilitation among COVID-19 patients in makeshift hospitals. (目的 探讨优质护理在方舱医院内新型冠状病毒肺炎患者中的应用效果。方法 医疗队援沪期间共参与方舱医院内528例新型冠状病毒肺炎确诊患者的护理工作, 护理内容包括环境评估、心理护理、睡眠护理、症状护理、安全及饮食护理等方面实施优质护理。结果 援沪期间, 舱内患者无死亡, 无院内感染和不良事件发生, 均痊愈出舱。结论 优质护理体现了以人文本的护理理念, 在缓解患者负性情绪、预防交叉感染、促进患者康复方面有着重要作用。)

Objective To investigate the correlation between vitamin D levels and the risk of early childhood caries (ECC), and to provide a reference for the primary prevention of ECC in children. Methods A total of 389 children aged 6 months to 48 months were enrolled in this study. Data of feeding patterns and oral health behaviors were collected, and decayed-missing-filled teeth (dmft) were recorded. The children were divided into an ECC group (dmft > 0, n= 146) and a caries-free group (dmft=0, n=243). Peripheral blood of fingertips was collected to detect the active form of vitamin D--25(OH)D in vivo, and the cariogenic activity of dental plaque was analyzed with the Cariostat test. Logistic regression analysis was carried out to analyze the correlation among caries related factors such as 25(OH)D levels and caries risk in patients with ECC. Results There was no significant difference in the prevalence of dental caries among 25(OH)D deficiency, insufficiency and normal children (χ2=2.320, P=0.313). There was no correlation between dmft and 25(OH)D levels (dmft=1-3, r < 0.001, P > 0.05; dmft > 3, r= 0.009, P > 0.05). The risk factors for ECC were age (OR=1.082, 95% CI: 1.045-1.121, P < 0.001), breastfeeding within 6 months after birth (OR=2.789, 95% CI: 1.581-4.921, P < 0.001), nighttime milk consumption or sleeping with a nipple (OR=4.187, 95% CI: 1.938-9.048, P < 0.001), and a high Cariostat value of 1.5-3.0 (OR=4.173, 95% CI: 2.014-8.646, P < 0.001). Conclusion There was no correlation between 25(OH)D level and caries in children aged 6-48 months. The risk factors for ECC are age, breastfeeding before 6 months old, nighttime milk consumption or sleeping with a nipple and high cariogenic activity (Cariostat value of 1.5-3.0). It is necessary to establish good feeding habits and oral hygiene habits for children while promoting breastfeeding.

Based on the band structure theory of phononic crystals, combined with the elastic wave equation and the Bloch theorem, the dynamic equation of the unit cell is established. The band gap of star-shaped periodic grid structure with negative Poisson's ratio is studied, including in-plane longitudinal vibration and out-of-plane bending vibration. It is found that the structure has rich band gap characteristics, and the lower frequency band gap is stable and wide. Band gaps of the two vibration modes are compared, and the influence of geometric parameters, such as the concave angle and slenderness ratio, on the equivalent elastic parameters and band gap is studied. It also analyses the vibration modes of the unit cell at the gap frequency. Results show that there is a complete band gap in which two vibrations are both suppressed. Concave angle and geometric parameters of the oblique beam are keys to the low-order band gap. The appearance of the rotating resonance mode leads to the lowest band gap. Band gap characteristics of the star-shaped periodic grid structure make it potentially valuable in engineering vibration and noise reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Frozen dough processing technology is one of the important preservation technologies of fermented flour products, which realizes the separation of dough making and steaming. Steamed stuffed bun plays an important role in Chinese food culture. At present, frozen dough is mainly used in industrial production of steamed stuffed bun, but the freezing process will have adverse effects on the structure of gluten network, yeast activity, and quality of the end product. In this paper, the effects of xanthan gum, guar gum, sodium stearoyl lactate and diacetyl tartaric acid ester of mono (di) glycerides on the rheological properties, specific volume, height-to-diameter ratio, texture and sensory quality of frozen dough and steamed stuffed bun were studied. On the basis of single factor experiment, the compound improver formula suitable for making frozen dough steamed stuffed bun was obtained by using response surface method. The results showed that, in the single factor experiment, the optimum additive amount of xanthan gum, guar gum, sodium stearoyl lactate and diacetyl tartaric acid ester of mono (di) glycerides was 0.1%, 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3%, respectively. In this condition, the comprehensive quality of frozen dough steamed stuffed bun was significantly improved. Based on the sensory score indexes, response surface optimization was carried out to obtain the optimized formula of improver: xanthan gum 0.1%, guar gum 0.11%, sodium stearoyl lactate 0.28% and diacetyl tartaric acid ester of mono (di) glycerides 0.35%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study adopts mixed methods to examine CGTN coverage of the Beijing Winter Olympics on Facebook, and the purpose is to describe the overall characteristics of the national image construction by the mainstream media via the international sports communication. This study finds that CGTN has basically formed a logic of national image construction with "athletes" as the cornerstone, "sports diplomacy" and "national strength" as the pillars, and "sports events", "mass sports" and "health and safety" as the characteristics in the episodic and storytelling international communication narrative space, which makes international sports communication and national image construction deeply intertwined. However, the study suggests that the lack of coverage of health and safety issues, the passive response of international public opinion, and the communication effect of national strength issues should be further considered and explored afterwards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective·To explore the value of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in pre-surgical planning of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP). Methods·The cases with DFSP in Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from May 2018 to March 2022 were enrolled. CT and MRI were conducted before surgery as a routine procedure. All the patients were randomly divided into MRI functional imaging group (CT plain scan and enhanced scan, MRI plain scan and enhanced scan, and DWI) and MRI conventional imaging group (CT plain scan and enhanced scan, and MRI plain scan and enhanced scan). The tumor boundaries of the two groups were outlined respectively by aligning CT with corresponding MRI images with computeraided design software Medraw [alignment of CT images with DWI images in MRI functional imaging group and alignment of CT images with dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE) images in MRI conventional imaging group] in order to complete the DFSP 3D tumor models and the 3D visualization reports, and to design surgical plans. The clinical characteristics of the two groups were completely collected. The recurrence rate and postoperative satisfaction evaluation of the two groups were compared. Results·A total of 34 cases with DFSP having completed clinical and imaging information were enrolled in this research with an average age of (36.56±13.07) years. The tumor location of occurrence included 10 cases in the abdominal walls, 9 cases in the chest walls, 4 cases in the maxillofacial regions, 3 cases in the thighs, 3 cases in the shoulders, 2 cases in the hips, 2 cases in the waists, and 1 case in the feet. The average tumor diameter was (2.25±0.92) cm. Seventeen patients were included in the MRI functional imaging group and MRI conventional imaging group respectively with an average follow-up of (9.97±7.82) months. There were no significant differences in the basic clinical information between the two groups (P>0.05). The recurrence rate of the MRI functional imaging group (0) was lower than that of the MRI conventional imaging group (29.4%), and the postoperative aesthetic satisfaction rate in the former group (100%) was higher than that in the latter group (70.6%). There were statistically significant differences in these results between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion·DWI is more advantageous for tumor boundary determination compared with conventional MRI; DWI-based preoperative image planning can reduce DFSP recurrence rate and improve aesthetics of the operative area to some extent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the pre-treated whey protein by ultrasound was used as the substrate for enzymatic hydrolysis. OPA and ELISA method were used to analyze the optimal conditions of ultrasonic pretreatment - enzymatic hydrolysis for whey protein by the crude enzyme of Kluyveromyces marxianus 1X1, in order to reduce the antigenicity of whey protein (characterized by the antigenicity of α-LA and β-LG). The results showed that the hydrolysis degree of whey protein was significantly affected by initial pH value and hydrolysis temperature, and the antigenicity of α-LA and β-LG was apparently influenced by initial pH value, and the interaction of ultrasonic interval time and ultrasonic power also played a role in affecting the antigenicity of α-LA and β-LG. The optimal conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis to transform whey protein by Kluyveromyces marxianus Z17 were obtained by response surface method: the reduction rates of α-LA antigenicity and β-LG antigenicity were predicted to reach the maximum at the ultrasonic interval time of 16 s, the ultrasonic power of 400 W, the initial pH of 6.16 and the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature of 18.48 t, which were 65.56% and 57.96%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this research is to explore the value of transabdominal colour Doppler ultrasonography in the uterine artery blood flow characteristics, uterine characteristics and diagnostic value of endometriosis. There were 100 cases of endometriosis in our hospital who were selected as the case group, and 100 healthy women in the same period as the control group. The results showed that the uterine volume and endometrial thickness of the case group were greater than those of the control group (P<0.05). After cervix was swayed, EDV of the case group was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05), while RI was greater than that of the control group (P<0.05). From the ROC curve, it can be seen that the AUC value exceeds 0. 65. EDV, RI, uterine volume and endometrial thickness are all high in sensitivity and specificity. The missed diagnosis rate and misdiagnosis rate were also within a controllable range. In a word, the uterine artery blood flow parameters and uterine morphological characteristics have certain clinical reference value for the diagnosis of endometriosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The green solvent-free single polyurethane waterproofing coating was prepared through adjustment of formulation process with low viscosity environmental protection vegetable ester, instead of volatile petroleum solvent. The effects of environmental vegetable ester content on VOC content, drying time, viscosity and tensile properties were discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considered as a health-harmful and climate-relevant pollutant, particulate matter (PM) has become a serious concern in China for recent years. Source apportionments of Chinese major cities show that fugitive dust can explain a large percentage of PM sources, while soil wind erosion contributes substantially to fugitive dust. Conservation tillage plays an important role in promoting crop growth and increasing production as well as in preventing wind erosion. Researches have been done to assess the benefits of conversation tillage in several perspectives respectively, whereas little concentrating on its comprehensive benefits. For better assessing the benefits of conservation tillage on eco-environmental, social and economic aspects comprehensively, a 3-tired index system was constructed based on field surveys, experiments and literatures, and tested in the case study of Tianjin. The assessment system included 3 indices of Grade-1 eco-environmental index, Grade-2 social index and Grade-3 economical index. Eco-environmental index included 4 sub-indices in Grade-2: soil physical-chemical properties, water retention ability of soil, soil resistance to wind erosion, and weeds and insects indices, respectively. Social index involved 2 sub-indices: agricultural mechanization rate, transfer of rural labor. The last 2 Grade -2 indices are input, and output subject to economical index. There were 19 more detailed indices in tire-3 to cover better range of this assessment. Three tillage modes utilized in Sujiayuan Village in Dagang District, Tianjin including traditional tillage and two kinds of conservation tillage (no-tillage with mulch and subsoiling) were analyzed to verify the feasibility of this index system. Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) method was adopted and the weights of indices were calculated by standard deviation method in this assessment. The values of soil anti-erosion efficiency and soil particulate emission rate subject to soil resistance to wind erosion were calculated by a wind tunnel experiment conducted in Dagang district. A questionnaire survey was conducted in Sujiayuan Village to get values of agricultural mechanization rate and all the economical indices. An intensive literature research has been performed to get the rest of the indices' values considering the similarity of climate and agrotype between Sujiayuan Village and places from where those values were obtained. According to the coverage of data collected, an eco-environment assessment with 11 indices involved and a comprehensive assessment with 19 indices included were conducted respectively. The results showed that conservation tillage performed more benefits than traditional tillage on the eco-environmental, social and economic aspects. Traditional tillage, no-tillage with mulch and subsoiling scored 0.182, 0.540, 0.875 in eco-environment assessment, respectively, and 0.279, 0.435, 0.584, in comprehensive assessment, respectively. At last, several problems were noted for the further study or utilization: 1) Due to the lack of knowledge about standards of each indices, it's hard to define the detailed "rank" (or "evaluation value") of specific index, which lead to the result that this assessment value only reflectes the relative superiority but not the practical gaps of these tillage modes; 2) Most values of indices were obtained from literatures; Despite the similarity of climate and agrotype, significant biases may potentially exist; and 3) Geographical condition varies among different areas, it is rational to utilize this assessment method with local conditions carefully considered. This study provides a useful tool for comprehensive assessment of conservation tillage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To construct and analyze the differential expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNA) and mRNA in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). To explore the miRNA and mRNA of OSCC development and progression. Methods The differential expression profiles of miRNA and mRNA were built by high-throughput deep sequencing technology. Using Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, the roles of differentially expressed miRNA and mRNA in cell cycle, cell proliferation, cell differentiation and cell apoptosis were analyzed. Results Seventy-seven differentially expressed miRNA and 1 298 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified in OSCC. GO analysis showed that 73 miRNA had found target mRNA in cell cycle, cell proliferation, cell differentiation and cell apoptosis of OSCC. Moreover, a miRNA could regulate multiple mRNA. Conclusion The differential expression profiles of miRNA and mRNA have close relationship with the development and progression of OSCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]