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Due to the active sediment movement in sandy coasts, great changes may develop in the shoreline near the building after it is built into the sea. The downstream erosion problems and protective measures of buildings in sandy coast are reviewed and summarized based on the results of previous studies to facilitate further studies. On the basis of several typical cases such as that in the Friendship Harbor in Mauritania, the law of coastal changes in the downstream of sandy coastal buildings is analyzed from the aspects of coastline variation and sectional variation. The mechanism of water and sediment movement near protective measures such as groins, offshore breakwaters and offshore submerged breakwaters, is discussed, and soft protective measures such as artificial beach cultivation and by-pass sediment transport are summarized. Finally, the prospects for future research on coastal erosion of downstream sandy coastal structures and corresponding protective measures are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]