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Shen Shiwan was a translator and physician for both Chinese medicine and western medicine in the period of the Republic of China. This paper examined the life and the main academic contributions of Shen Shiwan. It was found that Shen's main contribution were translating medical works, founding journals and opening the door of Chinese medicine to the world. Additionally, he introduced western medicine, such as pathology, fertility and nutrition to Chinese medical professionals. He also introduced the medical schools of Japanese traditional medicine (Chinese medicine in Japan, Han Yi) into China. Shen's contribution in medicine played an important role for the medical professionals in China in understanding the development of western medicine and Chinese medicine in Japan.

Chen Xunzhai was a famous Fujian traditional Chinese medicine expert in the period of the Republic of China. There are different records of his native place in the existing literature. By reviewing the published journals and books, interviewing Chen Xunzhai's scattered works and genealogy and visiting his descendants, this article conducted investigations and researches and confirmed that Chen Xunzhai, also named Guangcheng, was born in Shangyang Village, Gaopo Town in Yongding County of Fujian Province. He was the 22nd generation of descendants of Chen family in Shangyang Yingchuan County, not the descendant of the Chen family in Jiang Tian Nanyang of Chang Le City. Neither was he the seventh-generation grandson of Chen Xiuyuan. The findings of this paper will lay the foundation for the further researches on Chen Xunzhai.

Medical appraisal is one of the important means to determine whether there are faults in medical behavior and to deal with medical disputes. The issue of whether the medical lawsuit of traditional Chinese medicine should be submitted to traditional Chinese medicine, western medicine or forensic identification began to be debated since the Republic of China. With the efforts of the traditional Chinese medicine community, the Prescription Appraisal Committee of the National Medical Center of the Republic of China was established, which obtained the peer appraisal right for the lawsuit of traditional Chinese medicine. This paper takes the case of Yan Yulin's negligence causing death, which was sent by Shandong High Court to the National Medical Center in 1937, as an example, to explore the general situation of the identification system of the traditional Chinese medicine litigation in the period of the Republic of China, in order to provide reference for the establishment of the judicial identification system of medical damage in traditional Chinese medicine.

Foreign members of Chinese Society of Medical History were more than one-third in Republic of China. But they have not gotten enough attention. This paper introduces their life, and researches on history of medicine of 13 foreign members, includes B. E. Read, Edward.H.Hume, L. S. Huizenga, W. W.Cadbury, H. G.Earle, Frederick Reiss, Maxwell, J.L, W. R.Morse, C. N. Frazier, T. C.Greene, Franz Hübotter, L. G.Kilborn, H. E.Sigerist. Their researches on Chinese medical history played an important role in the western society knowing about traditional Chinese medicine and its medical culture.

Because of long history and excellent medical skills, the Song gynecology is regarded as one of the "four great masters" of the gynecology in Zhejiang province. The monographs survived of Song gynecology are at least four, besides the earliest one Songshi Nüke Cuoyao (, Synopsis of Song ' s Gynecology )(1612), there is Songshi Bochuan Chanke Quanshu (, Complete Treatise on Gynecology of Song Bochuan ), Songshi Nüke Chanhou Pian (, Chapter of Puerperal Disease from Song ' s Gynecology ), which are formed in Qing dynasty, and Linzheng Lu (, Clinical Records ) formed in the Republic of China era.And Jingli Songshi Nüke (, Meticulously Sort Out Song ' s Gynecology ), which might belong to School of Song's gynecology, and Nüke Milu (, Secretive Records of Gynecology ) were found in records. This paper excavates and sorts these 6 Song's gynecological monographs, carries out in-depth research on the changes of editions, spread and origins, and clarify the general situation of song's gynecological monographs.

Orthodox medical education in Taiwan dates back to the beginning of the Japanese occupation. The Japanese first established a hospital in Taipei (Taihoku in Japanese), and created a "Medical Teaching Institute for Taiwanese", which was the embryonic form of medical education in the period of Japanese occupation. In 1899, a formal institution of medical education was established in the form of the Medical School of the Governor - Generalship of Taiwan. Later, in 1919, it was renamed the Medical College of the Governor - Generalship of Taiwan, and in 1922, its name was again changed to Taihoku Medical College. In 1936, Taihoku Imperial University created a school of medicine, which in 1945 after the liberation from the Japanese was renamed the College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, whose first dean was Dr. Tu Tsung - Ming. At the same time, Taihoku Imperial University Hospital was renamed National Taiwan University Hospital. The College of Medicine, National Taiwan University was the only institution of medical education after the island was restored to Chinese control. During the past 50 years, medical education has undergone major change and development. By 1990, the number of medical colleges in Taiwan had increased to eleven. This paper described the College of Medicine, National Taiwan University and its hospital before and after the restoration, the background and development of medical education in Taiwan. It also describes the College's achievements in the realm of education, research and healthcare trends.

The aboriginals of Taiwan who settled the island prior to the Han nationally can be divided into two groups, sinified plain people and less sinified mountain dwellers. The mountain dwellers fall into different groups; the Atayal, Saisiat, Bunun, Tsou, Rukai, Paiwan, Puyuma, Ami, and Yami. Before modern medicine penetrated the lives of the aboriginal, disease was treated by sorcery or by empirically applied herbal medicines. We visited various townships in Taiwan, including Chenggong, Daren, Haiduan, Puyuma, Changbin, and Yanping of Taidong County, Taidong City, and the offshore island of Lanyu; Mudan, Pindong County; and Fuxing, Taoyiuan County. We thereby covered the Ami, Paiwan,, Bunun, Puyuma, Yami, and Atayal groups. Although the aboriginals of Taiwan belong to the Malayo-Poly-nesian cultural system, there are nevertheless major differences among them. The aboriginals of Taiwan believe disease to be a punishment of the gods or the malicious interference of evil spirits. The various groups have distinct shamanistic rituals. This paper discusses the practices of sorcery in the Paiway, bunun, and describes the herbal remedies used by them.

During the 38 years of Dutch occupation, by dispatching doctors from the East Indie Company to Taiwan, working at the trading institution for clinical purpose, the Dutchman achieved its missionary and ruling aims. This paper analyses the causes of the Dutch not being able to root on Taiwan. Comparison is made on the medicines between the periods of Dutch occupation and the period of Japanese closed-door policy.