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Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a systemic inflammatory syndrome with multiorgan dysfunctions. Most of the children have evidence of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARSCoV-2) infection or a history of exposure to patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Children often present with fever, gastrointestinal symptoms, cardiac dysfunctions, shock and other multi-system symptoms. Cytokine storm (CS) is an inflammatory response triggered by external stimulations. Factors causing CS include iatrogenic, pathogenic, monogenic or autoimmune diseases. The pathogenesis of MIS-C is still unclear, which may be related to the over-response of immune system caused by SARS-CoV-2 infections. In this paper, the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 infection-related MIS-C are summarized, and the relationship between MIS-C and CS is discussed, aiming to provide references for the mechanistic investigation and clinical diagnosis of MIS-C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disease characterized by reproductive, endocrine and metabolic abnormalities, and its pathogenesis is still unclear. Mitochondria play a key role in a variety of life activities such as energy metabolism. The impairment of mitochondrial related regulatory mechanisms can lead to its dysfunction, such as mitochondrial genome abnormalities, energy metabolism abnormalities, oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis imbalance, reduced biosynthesis, cell proliferation and apoptosis imbalance, mitochondrial dynamics disorder and autophagy abnormality. Mitochondrial dysfunction is widely recognized as a related factor of many diseases. Studies have confirmed that mitochondrial gene regulation and dysfunction are closely related to the occurrence and development of PCOS. The treatment method based on mitochondrial function repair is a new direction of PCOS treatment. This paper reviews the research progress of mitochondrial dysfunction and PCOS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus with a complex pathological process that often involves the entire renal structure. Circular RNAs are non-coding RNAs with a covalently closed loop structure, which play a role in various physiological and pathological processes. During DKD, circular RNAs are involved in renal cell injury by participating in the regulation of cell cycle, cell differentiation and death, and regulating processes such as inflammatory factor release and stromal fibronectin expression. In this paper, we introduce the structure and function of circular RNAs and review the recent research progress of circular RNAs in DKD from the perspective of renal cell injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway is a classic autophagy pathway after spinal cord injury. Neuronal apoptosis, axon demyelination and inflammatory response after spinal cord injury are regulated by PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, and are related to neuronal autophagy. This paper introduces the main role of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and neuronal autophagy response after spinal cord injury, hoping to provide reference for further research on spinal cord injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Diabetes and its complications are closely related to the high incidence rate of atrial fibrillation (AF). Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i), as a new type of hypoglycemic drugs, can reduce the renal glucose threshold by inhibiting SGLT2 receptor and ultimately achieve the hypoglycemic effect by promoting urine glucose excretion. In addition to the hypoglycemic effect, SGLT2i also has a series of beneficial effects such as reducing blood pressure, reducing body weight, lowering blood uric acid and reducing proteinuria. SGLT2i can not only reduce the risk of cardiovascular death and heart failure, but also more and more evidence shows that SGLT2i plays an important role in reducing AF occurrence. This paper summarizes the potential role of SGLT2i in AF, and its related mechanisms, which provides a new way for the prevention and treatment of AF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traumatic brain injury is the disease with high rate of death and disability. The primary injury after trauma is more important in prevention, and the secondary injury is the focus of clinical treatment. After traumatic brain injury, intestinal bleeding, increased permeability and imbalance of microbiota will gradually appear. The improvement of intestinal environment can promote the recovery of neurological function after brain trauma. There are many ways of two-way communication between brain and intestine, namely brain-gut axis. It has been reported that the treatment of brain-gut axis can improve the secondary injury of a variety of nervous system diseases including stroke. Therefore, this paper aims to review the brain-gut axis and its function in nervous system diseases, so as to promote the research of brain trauma and brain-gut axis, and create new ideas for the treatment of traumatic brain injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) is a common opportunistic pathogen from human respiratory tract. The lower immunity can cause the disease. After the biofilm (BF) is formatted by Hi at the site of infection, the antibiotic sensitivity is declined, which often causes the chronic disease, inducing the difficulty in clinical treatment. In recent years, the pathogenicity of Hi BF and BF form related factors have gradually become the focus of clinical and basic research. This paper reviewed recent studies as following. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exosomes are bilayer lipid membrane vesicles formed by the fusion and release of encapsulated polycystic body and cell membrane into the extracellular environment. Exosomes are rich in proteins, RNA and lipids, which can mediate intercellular communication and participate in various physiological and pathological processes. Autophagy is a process, in which cells encapsulate organelles, proteins and RNA that need to be degraded in the double-layer membrane vesicles to form autophagosomes, and combine with lysosomes to form autophagosomes and degrade contents. In recent years, many studies have revealed the molecular mechanism of the interaction between exosomes and autophagy, and found that the mTOR signaling pathway, toll-like receptor signaling pathway and STAT3/Bcl-2 signaling pathway are all important related pathways for exosomes to regulate autophagy and participate in the process of exosomes to regulate autophagy. In this paper, the mechanism of exosome regulating autophagy and its research progress are reviewed, which will provide new inspiration and help for future research on the application of exosome regulating autophagy in more diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cardiovascular disease, as a disease with high mortality and disability rates, is a constant threat to human health. In recent years, with the continuous development of research, it has been reported that intestinal flora and its metabolites are also involved in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases (including atherosclerosis, heart failure and hypertension). By improving the composition of intestinal flora and its metabolites can improve the progression of cardiovascular diseases. This treatment has become a new target for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In this paper, the composition of intestinal flora, the role of intestinal flora metabolites and the relationship between intestinal flora and its metabolites and atherosclerosis, heart failure, hypertension and other diseases were reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease with dystransmission at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), which is mediated by acetylcholine receptor antibody, dependent on cellular immunity and participated by complement. MG is closely related to thymic diseases, so in addition to the medical treatment, thymectomy is an important way to treat MG. Based on the latest literature at home and abroad, and the experience of more than ten experts in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, this paper has written an expert consensus on antibody typing, preoperative examination, surgical indications, surgical methods, postoperative treatment and follow-up of MG, hoping to guide the surgical treatment of MG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mitochondrion as the energy metabolism center of cells, meet the high energy demand of heart through oxidative phosphorylation. Cardiac activities such as myocardial contraction and intracellular homeostasis are powered by mitochondrial ATP. The integrity and proper function of mitochondria are fundament of cardiac physiological activities. The mitochondrial dysfunction characterized by abnormal respiratory chain function and ATP synthesis deletion is involved in the development of many cardiovascular diseases. In the early stage of diseases, the mitochondrial quality control, the prevention of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress have become a new therapeutic target to reduce cardiac damage and improve cardiac function in cardiovascular diseases. This paper reviews the mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiovascular diseases and the related novel therapeutic strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)