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Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Soil samples were analyzed in the water-level fluctuation zone of Chongqing from the Three Gorges Reservoir for the content and distribution characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Meanwhile, PAH congeners were analyzed and the potential sources of PAHs in soil were identified by isomer ratio, and the ecological risk of PAHs was evaluated by ecological risk model. The results showed that the content of ∑16PAHs in these regions ranged from 180.2 - 618.0 ng·g-1 (based on dry mass), and the median value was 421.1 ng·g-1 (based on dry mass), which was in the medium-low pollution level. All 16 kinds of PAHs were detected, and phenanthrene was the monomer with the highest abundance, which accounted for 19.5% - 32.8% of ∑16PAHs. The content of Σ16PAHs in these different elevations ranged from 281.0 - 794.1 ng·g-1 (based on dry mass), with the median val- ue of 610.2 ng·g-1 (based on dry mass), showing an increasing trend with the increase of elevation. Whereas the composition ratio of PAHs was dominated by 3- and 4-rings. The composition of PAHs in soil exhibited a moderate coefficient of variation. Human activities and water level fluctuation had a great influence on the distribution of PAHs in the soil from different elevations. Ecological risk assessment results showed that the fluoranthene, chrysene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, and benzo[g,h,i]perylene reached high-level risk. The isomer ratios indicated that incomplete combustion of fossil fuels and biomass were the main sources of soil PAHs. The results provided a theoretical reference for the prevention and control of PAHs in Chongqing of the Three Gorges Reservoir. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Halogenated aromatic compounds (HACs) exhibit environmental ubiquity, persistence, bioaccumulation, and diverse toxic effects, prompting widespread concern about their pollution and potential risks. This study investigated four categories of typical HACs in fish samples from five common species in South China. Results showed that the mean±standard deviation (range) of toxic equivalent quantity (TEQ) of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/ furans (PCDD/Fs), dioxins-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs), polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PBDD/Fs), and total dioxins (dioxins) were (0.0680±0.3230) pg⋅g-1(0 ~2.21 pg⋅g-1), (0.118±0.124) pg⋅g-1 (0.000451 ~0.528 pg⋅g-1), (0.139±0.164) pg⋅g-1 (0.00882 ~0.917 pg⋅g-1), and (0.325±0.366) pg⋅g-1 (0.0409 ~ 2.30 pg⋅g-1) (based on wet weight), respectively. All values were below the specified TEQ limit set by the European Union (EU) for dioxins in fish. Among the five fish species, mandarin fish exhibited the highest total TEQ and intake risk, followed by eel and catfish, while perch had the lowest. However, no statistical differences were observed in the TEQ among these five fish species. In comparison to global data, the concentrations of polybromodiphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in these fish samples (0.347±0.297) ng⋅g-1(0.0191 ~ 1.40 ng⋅g-1) (based on wet weight) were at moderate or low levels with a changing trend among species: salmon>eel>perch>mandarin fish>catfish. The PCDD/Fs in these fish samples were predominantly high-chlorinated, possibly originating from PCDD/Fs-polluted feed and the use of pentachlorophenol/pentachlorophenol sodium. PCB-118 and PCB-105 were the dominant congeners of DL-PCBs in these samples, primarily sourced from commercial PCB products and various metal smelting processes. The sources of PBDEs in these fishes included commercial PBDE mixtures and the debromination of high-brominated PBDEs. PBDD/Fs showed dominance in high-brominated PBDFs, and their pollution was closely associated with PBDEs. The intake carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk values of these four HACs via fish consumption ranged from 6.56x 10-6 to 2.87x 10-5 and 0.0314 to 0.114, respectively, for the residents from South China, with higher values for children compared to teenagers and adults. PBDD/Fs contributed significantly higher total TEQ and intake risks (45.6% on average) than the other HACs, emphasizing the ongoing need for continuous attention to their pollution in biota and associated risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Organic chlorine pesticides (OCPs) and antibiotics represent persistent organic pollutants and emerging pollutants, respectively. They can coexist in various environmental matrix, while their combined effects were seldom explored. Lindane was chosen to represent OCPs, and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TET) were chosen to represent antibiotics. The present study focused on the influences on tumor migration which is essential for both carcinogenesis and cancer treatment and aimed to explore the effects of the binary mixtures on the model organism Drosophila melanogaster. The individual effects showed that lindane significantly enhanced the tumor migration from the eye and brain of the larvae to the ventral nerve cord (VNC) in the concentration range of 40 -100 ng-g-1( P<0.05). SMX enhanced the tumor migration at the highest concentration of 400 ng-g-1, while TET increased the tumor migration from 600 to 1 000 ng-g-1 with a concentration-dependence. The binary mixtures were designed by direct equipartition method. The binary mixtures that contained lindane and SMX or TET significantly enhanced the tumor migration, with a dependence on the lindane-s concentrations. Compared with the predicted effects by independent action (IA) model, the binary mixtures showed synergistic toxicity interactions. Determination on the antioxidant responses showed that, lindane, SMX, TET and the binary mixtures commonly increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) while decreased glutathione (GSH). The effects of binary mixtures containing lindane and SMX on tumor migration were negatively correlated with their influences on catalase (CAT) activities, while such correlation was not observed in the effects of mixtures containing lindane and TET. Such difference was attributed to the different effects of SMX and TET on the antioxidants. Moreover, the effects of binary mixtures containing lindane and SMX, and those containing lindane and TET showed different hierarchical clustering positions. The effects of binary mixtures containing lindane and SMX on tumor migration were closely connected with both ROS and superoxide dismutase (SOD), while those of binary mixtures containing lindane and TET were closely connected with ROS. Such differences supported the attribution to the individual effects of SMX or TET on the antioxidants and also indicated that the antibiotic types can influence the toxicity mechanism of the binary mixtures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liquid crystal monomers (LCMs) are a class of synthetic organic chemicals with a diphenyl or bicyclohexane backbone with hydrogen atoms on the phenyl rings replaced with functional groups such as bromine, chlorine, cyano groups, or fluorine. LCMs have been used widely in liquid crystal displays (LCDs) in electrical and electronic products such as computers, mobile phones, and televisions. The rapidly developed LCD industry has also led to a continuous increase in the annual production volume for LCMs around the world. It has been estimated that demand for LCMs use in LCDs have rose to - 1 300 t by 2021. It has recently been suggested that LCMs should be considered to be emerging persistent organic pollutants of the environment because they may be persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic. LCMs are not covalently bonded to any of the other materials used in LCDs, so can be unintentionally released into the environment during manufacturing, use, disposal, and recycling of LCD devices and pose serious risks to ecology and human health. Environmental and toxicological research on LCMs in the scientific community has just recently been initiated, and information is deficient in many fields. In this paper, information published since 2018 about LCMs physicochemical properties, production, and emissions; analytical methods for accurately quantifying LCMs; LCMs concentrations, behaviors, and fates in various environmental matrices; and the risks posed by LCMs to humans is reviewed. Recent studies have mainly focused on target LCMs concentrations and distributions, and most studies have involved gas chromatography mass spectrometry with target ions or ion pairs monitored. Many unknown LCMs may be overlooked using such methods because data for LCMs production volumes and use in commercial LCDs are limited. It has previously been found that E-waste dismantling caused large amounts of LCMs in waste LCD panels to be emitted in E-waste recycling areas. LCMs have been detected in sediment, soil, municipal landfill leachate, indoor and outdoor dust, air, and other environmental media. This indicates widespread LCMs contamination of the environment, particularly in E-waste processing areas. Most LCMs are semi-volatile organic compounds, so air is expected to be the main medium in which LCMs released from e-products are transported to other areas. These results also provide indirect evidence that humans are exposed to LCMs in environmental media through ingestion, dermal contact, and inhalation. To date, LCMs have been detected in human tissues in only four studies, and the systematic exploration of bio-monitoring regarding LCMs in the human matrices is still scant. Fluorinated LCMs have been found to be the dominant LCMs in both environmental media and biota, and exhibit higher persistent, bioaccumulative, or even toxic potential than other LCMs. Future studies should focus on developing methods combining target and non-target analysis for identifying and quantifying novel LCMs. It is suggested that large-scale field research should be performed to investigate LCMs migration and transport mechanisms from E-waste recycling areas to other environmental matrices. Studies on bioaccumulation characteristics of LCMs in biota should also be performed to allow the risks posed by LCMs to humans to be effectively assessed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Ammonia and microcystin-LR (MCLR) are commonly found pollutants in aquatic environments around the world. To explore the potential synergistic effects of ammonia and MCLR on the zebrafish intestine, adult female zebrafish were exposed to total ammonia nitrogen (30 mg⋅L-1),MCLR (10 µg⋅L-1) and a mixture of both (30 mg⋅L-1 + 10 µg⋅L-1) for a period of 30 d. Histopathological analysis showed that ammonia exposure led to a decrease in intestinal villis area, while MCLR exposure caused villus rupture and increased the ratio of vacuolization in intestines. The combination of ammonia and MCLR resulted in more serious damage in the intestine. Ammonia alone and in combination with MCLR significantly reduced the contents and related gene expression levels of intestinal lysozyme and β-defensin compared with the control group, indicating suppressed intestinal immunity in zebrafish. Moreover, the single and combined exposure to ammonia and MCLR increased the mRNA expression levels and contents of intestinal inflammatory factors IL-1β and TNF-α by activating NOD1/2 and TLR4a/4b signal pathways, leading to intestinal inflammation. Results of intestinal microbiota showed that both ammonia and MCLR caused changes in diversity. Ammonia nitrogen increased the richness of Firmicutes, while MCLR increased the richness of Actinobacteria and decreased the richness of Proteobacteria. The combined exposure to ammonia and MCLR significantly increased the abundance of Pseudomonas and Mycobacterium. Furthermore, their combined exposure reduced the number of OTUs of short-chain fatty acids producers and the contents of short-chain fatty acids in the intestine. In conclusion, the combination of ammonia and MCLR has a synergistic effect on the intestinal immunity and structure of intestinal flora in zebrafish, and their combined effects on the health of aquatic animals and the water ecosystem's integrity should not be underestimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Propylparaben (PrP) is widely applied in food, pharmaceuticals and personal care products as preservatives, and the extensive usage of PrP has posed potential threat to aquatic ecosystem. In this study, wild-sourced female mosquitofish were treated with different concentrations of PrP (0.15, 6.0 and 240.0 µg⋅L-1) for 4 d and 16 d respectively. The tissue sections as well as mRNA expression changes of antioxidant and endocrine-related genes from the brain, gills and liver, were analyzed to investigate the toxicological effects of PrP on mosquitofish. The results showed that different PrP exposure time resulted in varying degrees of damage to the gills and liver of mosquitofish. With the extension of exposure time, the expression of antioxidant-related genes in the brain was up-regulated, whereas the expression of antioxidant-related genes in the gills, as well as cat and cyp4501a genes in the liver, were down-regulated, and the oxidative stress response in the gills and liver gradually weakened. When female mosquitofish were exposed to PrP for 4 d, the endocrine-related genes in the brain increased firstly and then decreased with increasing PrP dose, while in the 16-d-PrP-exposure groups, the genes showed an increased trend compared with that of the control. After 4 d of PrP exposure, a significant difference was observed in the expression of the vtgB gene within liver tissues between the 0.15 µg⋅L-1 PrP group and the control group, as well as in the expression of the arβ gene within liver tissues between the 240.0 µg⋅L-1 PrP group and the control group; however, no significant differences were found in other endocrine-related genes among different PrP groups and the control group. When the exposure time was extended to 16 d, the expression of era, erβ, arα, arβ, vtgC and vtgB genes in the liver was all up-regulated in the three treatment groups, indicating that PrP had estrogenic effects on mosquitofish. This study revealed the toxic damage, oxidative stress and endocrine disrupting effects of PrP on mosquitofish, through the phenotypic variations in tissues and changes in mRNA expression of key functional genes, which will provide a scientific basis for the potential health risk assessment and safe application of PrP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are emerging pollutants posing potential threats to ecosystems and human health. This article reviews the presence and distribution of antibiotics and ARGs in China's Lake Taihu, analyzing pollution levels and exploring the risks to ecosystems and public health. Based on this analysis, we propose a set of recommendations and measures for addressing antibiotic and ARG pollution in Lake Taihu, aiming to provide a scientific basis for effective pollution control strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPP) is an aryl organophosphorus flame retardant, which is ubiquitously found in various environmental matrices. While previous in vitro studies have emphasized the negative impact of EHDPP on lipid metabolism, there remains a dearth of in vivo research exploring its potential toxic effects and underlying mechanisms. In the present study, zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos (<2 hpf) were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations (0, 1, 10, 100, 250 and 500 µg ⋅ L-1) for 5 days. Results showed that 100, 250 and 500 µg ⋅ L-1 EHDPP may lead to developmental toxicity, evidenced by the increased malformation rate, reduced hatching rate, heart rate, survival rate and body length, in comparison with the control. The levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly reduced in 500 µg ⋅ L-1 EHDPP group compared to the control, suggesting that EHDPP caused disorders of lipid metabolism. EHDPP resulted in a notable reduction in the concentrations of ATP, SOD, and GSH, along with an elevation in ROS levels, suggestive of mitochondrial dysfunction triggered by EHDPP. Upon further analysis, it was revealed that the transcription of the 18rs-rrn gene was significantly reduced, while the expressions of genes involved in mitochondrial division (including mitochondrial fission protein 1 (fis1) and dynamin-related protein (drp1)), fusion (optic atrophy 1 (opa1)), and autophagy (PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (pink1) and FUN14 domain containing 1 (fundc1)) were notably upregulated, which may partially account for the mitochondrial dysfunction. Genes involved in lipid biosynthesis including acid synthetase (fas) and apolipoprotein E (apoe) genes were significantly downregulated, whereas genes related to lipid metabolism such as peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors (pparα and pparβ) and acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (acox1) were upregulated. These results implied that EHDPP may disturb fatty acid oxidation and lipid synthesis in zebrafish larvae which might result from mitochondrial dysfunction. In conclusion, our study found that EHDPP may induce lipid metabolism disorders. For the first time, we have demonstrated mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo resulting from the effects of EHDPP, potentially offering novel insights into the toxicity elicited by this compound. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have attracted significant attention as a emerging environmental contaminant. The biological toxicities and ecological health risks associated with PFASs have emerged as a popular subject for ecotoxicology related research. PFASs have a detrimental impact on individual microbes in the environment. Furthermore, prolonged exposure to PFASs can disrupt the composition, structure and enzyme activity of the microbial community in the environment, disrupting the normal cycling of materials and energy in the ecosystem. This paper reviewed the impact of PFASs on microbial community structure and diversity across various environmental media, namely freshwater, marine and soil. Additionally, it summarizes the effects of enzyme activity and function in response to PFASs. Based on these findings, an assessment of the future direction of ecological risk assessment of PFASs was conducted to provide a theoretical basis and support for unbiased environmental and ecological risk assessment of PFASs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concentration levels and emissions of synthetic chemicals are dependent on the geographical locations. It is of importance to develop multimedia environmental fugacity models with spatial differentiation, since the models can accurately predict multimedia environmental fate of chemicals. In this study, based on the regional environmental properties of China, a level III multimedia environmental fugacity model with spatial resolution of 50 km x 50 km was developed. A flame retardant decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) was selected for the case study. Distribution of BDE-209 in the multimedia environment in China was predicted. The model predicted that concentrations of BDE-209 were high in air and soil in the eastern regions of Shanghai, Shandong and Guangdong; as well as in water and sediments in the central and western regions of Shaanxi and Shanxi. The average concentrations of BDE-209 in air, water, soil and sediments were predicted to be 2.02 x 10-6 µg⋅m-3, 6.64 x 10-6 µg⋅m-3, 1.93 µg⋅kg-1 and 3.65 x 10 µg⋅kg-1, respectively. Soil and sediments are the main sink of BDE-209, accounting for 98.65% of the total mass in the simulated region. The multimedia environmental fugacity model with spatial differentiation characteristics is suitable for fate simulation of persistent toxic chemicals in China, which is beneficial to the prediction and management of chemical risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The intensive mining activities, industrial sewage discharges and agricultural sewage irrigations lead to large amounts of arsenic (As) entering into soils, inducing increased soil As pollution. Arsenic and phosphorus (P), belonging to the same group, exhibit similar chemical properties and behaviors. Arsenic is taken up by plants via root P transporters. After entering into plants, As competes and replace P in compounds, and binds with sulfhydryl groups causing protein inactivation, affecting plant growth and normal physiological metabolism. However, studies showed that As at specific levels affected plant physiological processes and plant growth. Therefore, this paper reviews the differences of As content and distribution in plants, illustrates the effects and mechanisms of As on plant biomass, nutrient uptake, growth or metabolism-related physiological and biochemical indexes (endogenous hormones, photosynthesis parameter, malondialdehyde, antioxidant enzymes, and osmotic substances), and rhizosphere properties and microbial community of plant growth promotion bacteria. The information helps to better understand the mechanisms for As-promoted plant growth in hyperaccumulators, and provides theoretical supports to develop strategies to improve plants As detoxicity and resistant ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acetamiprid (ACE), a prevalently used neonicotinoid insecticide, has been identified as a notable environmental contaminant due to its neurotoxic accumulation in ecological systems, impacting mammalian health. This research delves into the intricate interaction mechanisms between ACE and bovine serum albumin (BSA), employing a suite of multispectral methodologies, including fluorescence, ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, and circular dichroism. The study unveils that the interaction between BSA and ACE, across varying temperature ranges, is predominantly characterized by static fluorescence quenching. This mechanism facilitates the formation of a ground state complex, featuring at least one specific binding site. Thermodynamic analysis reveals a spontaneous nature of the ACE-BSA interaction, as evidenced by negative Gibbs free energy (Δ G). Furthermore, the interaction is thermodynamically driven by hydrogen bonding or van der Waals forces, inferred from the negative values of enthalpy (Δ H) and entropy (Δ S). The binding proximity, determined to be less than 7 nm through fluorescence and UV-vis spectroscopic measurements, suggests a potential non-radiative energy transfer between ACE and BSA. Notably, synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy indicates a significant conformational impact of ACE on BSA, with a pronounced effect on the tyrosine residues. Circular dichroism spectroscopy results corroborate these findings, revealing ACE-induced alterations in BSA's conformation, notably enhancing the stability of the α-helix structure and the overall protein organization, thus rendering the protein's microenvironment more hydrophobic compared to its native state. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the spontaneous and stable complex formation between ACE and BSA in environmental and biological matrices, with consequential structural modifications to BSA. This study lays the groundwork for further exploration into ACE's toxicological mechanisms within biological systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the J Lake system, which receives recycled water, was selected as the research object. The ecological risk assessment of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in both the water and sediment phases of the lake was conducted based on the multi-media regression model. The results showed that the hazard quotients (HQs) of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) and diethyl phthalate (DEP) in both water and sediment phases were less than 0.1, indicating a negligible risk to aquatic life in the lake. The ecological risks of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in the lake revealed significant spatial heterogeneity in the water phase the low-risk area of DBP accounted for 42.7%, while the medium-risk and low-risk areas of DEHP accounted for 93.5% and 5.6%, respectively, and in lake sediment phase the medium and low risk areas of DBP accounted for 0.5% and 69.2%, respectively, while the medium and low risk areas of DEHP accounted for 0. 9% and 68. 3%, respectively. Moreover, the ecological risks of DEP, DBP, and DEHP in the water phase varied greatly in different seasons, and the ecological risks of PAEs in sediment phase are similar to those in water. It is suggested that reducing the concentrations of DBP and DEHP in reclaimed water and controlling the production and use of DEHP at source can effectively reduce the risk level of DBP and DEHP in the receiving J Lake system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) belongs to perfluorinated and polyfluoroalkyl compounds (PFASs), and is a persistent organic pollutant that has been banned worldwide. As a substitute for PFOS, sodium p-perfluorinated noneoxybenzenesulfonate (OBS) has been widely produced and used in China, and has been detected in various environment media and human body. This article conducts a review of existing research on PFOS and OBS, summarizing their environmental behavior, population exposure, and toxic effects. It is recommended that although the bioaccumulation of OBS is weaker than that of PFOS, the biological toxicity of OBS still deserves attention. This article also discusses the limitations of this review and provides prospects for future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

People spend about one third of life time on sleeping, and exposure to semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in bedroom during the sleep may cause adverse health effects in humans. Dust is an important sink of indoor SVOCs, while levels of the SVOCs and corresponding health risks in the indoor dust are still unclear. Therefore, a comprehensive screening of the SVOCs is necessary to identify the dominant pollutants in indoor environment. In this study, settled dust samples were collected in bedrooms from 19 Chinese homes to investigate the occurrence, potential sources and health risks of the indoor SVOCs. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used for high-throughput screening of 895 SVOCs in the indoor dust samples. Based on the health risk assessment method proposed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, the health risks of the SVOCs with detection frequencies >10% to infants and adults were assessed, considering ingestion, inhalation and dermal absorption from dust. A total of 85 SVOCs were detected in the indoor dust samples, including 20 n-alkanes, 12 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, 6 phthalates, 8 organophosphate esters, 7 alcohols, 6 substituted benzenes, 9 phenols, 9 pesticides, 4 esters, 2 fatty acids and 2 others, with the total concentrations ranging from 92 xgxg-1 to 1.4x103 xgxg-1 (median value: 4.3x102 μg·g-1 ). Among the 85 SVOCs, the phthalates were found to be the most abundant SVOCs in the dust, with the mean contribution of (40.9 ±11.7)% to the total SVOCs concentrations. Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) was the predominant phthalate, accounting for (63.1±14.5)% of the total phthalate concentrations. The results of the health risk assessment indicated that the hazard index (HI) of SVOCs in the dust were negligible for adults. However, 4 SVOCs, including styrenated phenol (HI =7.2x10-2 ), DEHP (HI =3.8x10-2 ), myristic acid (HI = 2.2x10-2 ) and stearyl alcohol (HI =1.1x10-2 ), were found to pose low non-carcinogenic risks to infants via dust ingestion. In addition, the carcinogenic risks (CR) of fluoranthene (3.7 x10-6 ) and pyrene (2.8 x10-6 ) were found to exceed the acceptable risk level of 10-6 . The present study clarified the current pollution status of the SVOCs in indoor dust based on high-throughput screening method, and provided basic data for prevention and management of SVOCs risk in the indoor environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coral reef ecosystem, which is one of the most important marine ecosystems, is suffered from serious degradation due to climate change (such as global warming and ocean acidification) and human activities (such as overfishing, chemical pollution). Organic ultraviolet absorbents (OUVs) are a kind of emerging "pseudo-persistent" organic pollutants. Previous studies indicated that OUVs have an importantly negative influence on coral health and are ubiquitous in various coral reef regions. To systematically understand the toxicity mechanism and ecological risk of OUVs to corals, this paper reviewed the toxicological effects of OUVs on corals from the perspectives of toxicological experiment design and toxicological effect endpoint. The results show that OUVs are toxic to corals at individual, tissular and molecular levels, with the toxicological endpoints of lethality, bleaching, tentacle retraction, [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liquid crystal monomers (LCMs) are significant chemicals commonly used in thin-film transform liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD). With the huge number of LCD devices produced, many such devices end up being discarded and at best end up in e-waste sites, which raises the worry of eventually being released and entering into the natural environment. Now they have been detected in diverse sites, such as e-waste dismantling sites, landfills, and residences. As a new class of potential emerging pollutants with persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity, LCMs have certain environmental impacts and health risks, which deserve more attention. This paper briefly reviews the research progress of analysis methods, composition and distribution in the environment, and transformation mechanism in the atmosphere of LCMs. At the same time, in view of the environmental behavioral parameters and toxicity of LCMs, this paper expounds the shortcomings of health risk assessment methods and relative research of LCMs. Some suggestions for the comprehensive assessment of LCMs in environmental media, traceability, migration and transformation of LCMs in the environment, and toxicological studies of LCMs with high detection rates are also proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]