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The research progress in thermal aging resistant silicone rubber based heat-proof materials in recent years was reviewed with 46 references. The inorganic modification effects of nano-carbon materials, graphite powder, talc powder, transition metal oxides and fiber fillers on the thermal aging resistance and mechanical properties of silicone rubber based heat-proof materials were emphatically introduced, and the main research directions of thermal aging resistant silicone rubber based heat-proof materials in the future were pointed out.

Objective To compare the effects of 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP)- and silane-based primers with those of MDP-based primers on zirconia-resin bonding via multiple levels of aging. Methods Zirconia blocks were divided into 4 groups (n = 21) according to the primer used: MDP-based Z-Prime Plus (ZP), silane-based Monobond-S (MS), MDP- and silane-based Clearfil Ceramic Primer (CCP) and no primer (Blank). After pretreatment with or without the primers followed by bonding with cement Duo-Link, each group was subdivided into 3 subgroups (n = 7) according to aging level: 24 hours of water storage at 37 ℃ (24 h), 30 days of water storage at 37 ℃(30 d), and 30 d plus 3 000 thermal cycles (30 d/TC). After aging, shear bond strength (SBS) tests and failure mode analyses were conducted. Results ZP, MS and CCP groups had greater SBSs than did the BLANK group (PPPvs. 24 h, PPP = 0.029) but lower than that of MS at 30 d/TC (P = 0.037). From 30 d to 30 d/TC, the percent decrease in the bonding strength of ZP was significantly greater than that of MS (82.43% vs. 64.90%). Conclusion MDP-based primers function better for zirconia-resin bonding when they contain silane coupling agents.

A case of Bowen's disease of toe is reported. A 39-year-old woman presented with red asymptomatic lesion on the medial side of the left big toe for over a month. Topical treatment with glucocorticoid was not effective. A similar rash appeared on the same area 5 to 6 years ago, and was surgically removed. Clinical examination revealed a demarcated red plaque 1.5 cm×1.5 cm in diameter, with dark red crust in the center, on her big left toe. The histopathological examination of the skin lesion showed heteroplasia of the squamous epithelium in the epidermis. The diagnosis was Bowen's disease. Following removal of lesion with electrocauterization, 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic (ALA-PDT) was given 4 times. The lesion completely subsided with no recurrence during 1-year telephone follow-up.

With the continuous innovation of genomics, proteomics and molecular biological detection technology, the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has changed from traditional chemotherapy to immunotherapy and targeted therapy. Among them, molecular tumor markers targeting tyrosine kinase pathways play more important roles in clinical practice. For advanced NSCLC patients with positive epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, there are many first-line drugs on the market and they could bring significant efficacy, thus completely subverting the treatment pattern of advanced NSCLC. Common mutations of EGFR in Chinese patients are located on exons 19, 20 and 21, of which exons 19 and 21 mutations are the more common types. Besides, there is also a subtype of EGFR mutations, known as EGFR 20 exon insertion (EGFR 20ins) mutation. The authors summarized the treatment of a lung adenocarcinoma patient with EGFR 20ins mutation accepting Furmonertinib mesylate, in order to provide effective references for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

The process of extracting seleno-protein from the selenium enriched Lyophyllum decastes mycelia cultured in a 20 L fermentor was optimized, and the effects of selenium enrichment on both types and contents of amino acids in Lyophyllum decastes mycelia were analyzed. Single factor tests and Box-Benhnken central combined response surface test were used to optimize process of extracting seleno-protein from Lyophyllum decastes mycelia. The content of protein was determined by 3,3'-diaminobenzidine spectrophotometry. The types and contents of amino acids in mycelia protein before and after selenium enrichment were compared by means of amino acid analyzer. The results showed that the optimal conditions of extracting seleno-protein from mycelia of Lyophyllum decastes were extraction temperature of 64 ℃, extraction time of 60 min, liquid-solid ratio of 200:1 g/mL, and extraction times of 2. The protein extraction rate was 75.13%, and the content of selenium in mycelia was 63.87 μg/g. The amino acid composition were analyzed by means amino acid score (AAS) and chemical score (CS), and the nutritional value of the protein in the selenium-enriched Lyophyllum decastes mycelia was evaluated. The varieties of amino acids in the selenium-enriched Lyophyllum decastes mycelia were abundant and the content of essential amino acids for human body was 17.20 g/100 g, 19.75% higher than that in the non-selenium-ecriched Lyophyllum decastes mycelia. The ratio of EAA/NEAA was 0.51, close to the recommended value proposed by WHO, and the values of both AAS and CS were close to the those in the model protein. In summary, the protein extraction rate could be improved by optimizing the extraction process, and there was selenium in the protein from selenium-enriched mycelia, which promoted the increase of amino acid content. The nutritional value of protein in selenium-enriched mycelia was higher than that in non-selenium-riched mycelia, and selenium-enrichec mycelia had potential edible and application value.

Background Currently, there is a lack of clinical competence evaluation tools applicable of general practitioners (GPs) practicing in rural settings in China, resulting in the lack of researches on the clinical competence evaluation of GPs in rural. Objective To explore reliability and validity of an evaluation index system for consultation competency of rural GPs developed previously, and provide an evaluation tool with high reliability and validity for scientific and objective assessment of consultation competence of GPs in rural settings. Methods Based on the evaluation system for consultation competency of rural GPs, a corresponding questionnaire was designed, and points were assigned to each option on a 5-point Likert scale. From September to December 2022, GPs or assistant general practitioners (AGPs) who were working in rural township health centers in Guangxi Province were recruited as the research subjects by using the purposive sampling and stratified sampling methods, the questionnaire was distributed through a national web-based survey platform-"WJX" to them. Cronbach's α coefficient, split-half coefficient, critical ratio (CR) and correlation coefficients were calculated based on questionnaire data. Confirmative factor analysis was employed to fit questionnaire data and assumed model, and calculate three categories of indicators, including preliminary fit criteria (PFC), overall model fit (OMF), and fit of internal structural model (FISM), to verify the degree of fit and structural validity of the measured data. Results A total of 600 questionnaires were distributed and 366 were validly collected, with an effective recovery rate of 61.0%, 86.1% were registered as GPs and 13.9% as AGPs, who came from five cities, including Nanning, Guilin, Wuzhou, Baise, and Guigang, and 204 township health centers in Guangxi Province. Cronbach'α coefficient for the whole questionnaire or for every section was higher than 0.700, and Guttman Split-Half coefficient was 0.931. The initial first-order model met the PFC well; except for goodness of fit index (GFI), adjusted goodness of fit index (AGFI), and normed fit index (NFI), other indicators related to the OMF reached for the best levels in the modified first-order model. Apart from R2 for 9 observable variables less than 0.5, the FISM for the modified first-order model showed good effects. The initial second-order model indicated as similar effects on the PFC as the initial first-order model; the modified second-order model shared similar OMF with the modified first-order model; the modified second-order model was inferior to the modified first-order model in terms of the FISM. Eventually, questionnaire data fitted the modified first-order model better. Conclusion The evaluation index system for consultation competency of rural GPs shows high reliability and validity, which can be used for research and practical work on the evaluation of consultation competence evaluation of GPs in rural settings.

Background Training general practitioners (GPs) and improving the practice competence of "GP-centered" primary health care personnel are important directions of the development of human resources for primary health care in China. At present, there is lack of an index system applicable to evaluate clinical competence of GPs in the circumstances of primary health care in China, which not only hampers accurate identification of gaps in clinical competence of GPs, but also impedes sustainable improvement of the education and training of GPs as well as primary health care personnel. Objective To develop an evaluation index system for consultation competency of GPs in the circumstances of primary health care in China based on the original version of Leicester Assessment Package (LAP), so as to provide an index model reference for the objective evaluation of consultation competency of GPs. Methods Between May to August in 2022, a total of 15 experts were invited by using the purposive sampling method to implement the Delphi method by correspondence, to evaluate the importance, feasibility, and textual representation of each index in the initial evaluation index system for consultation competency of GPs. Analytic hierarchy process was adopted to calculate weight and combined weight for the first-level and secondary-level indexes. Results A total of two rounds of Delphi were conducted. The positivity coefficient, familiarity level, judgment coefficient, and authority coefficient were 100%, 0.77, 0.91, and 0.84 in both rounds of consultation; the mean score of the importance and feasibility of each indicator was 3.5, and the variation coefficient was 0.3. The Kendall coefficients for the importance and feasibility of the indexes in the two rounds of consultation were statistically different (P

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin is hard and brittle. Adding fly ash (FA) will increase the hardness of PVC composites and deteriorate the processing plasticity, thus limiting the application range of PVC/FA composites. Dioctyl terephthalate (DOTP) and tris(2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanuric acid (THEIC) were used to improve the mechanical properties of PVC/FA composites. The effects of the ratio of DOTP and THEIC on the thermal stability, mechanical properties and electrical properties of PVC/FA cable composites were investigated. The results show that the combination of DOTP and THEIC can improve the thermal stability and mechanical properties of PVC/FA cable composites. When adding 29 phr DOTP and 1 phr THEIC at the same time, the elongation at break of PVC/FA2 composite is 107.98%. Compared with the composite without plasticizer, the elongation at break of PVC/FA2 is increased by 105.31%. The thermal decomposition temperature in the first stage and the second stage of PVC/FA2 is increased by 11.1 °C and 6.0 °C respectively, and the processability of the composite is significantly improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the largest organelle in eukaryotic cells, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays a crucial role in regulating intracellular protein folding, translation and assembly. Multiple quality control mechanisms in the ER ensure accurate modification of proteins in the ER lumen are accurately modified, thus maintaining calcium homeostasis, oxidative stress, cellular senescence and apoptosis. These mechanisms include ER stress (ERS), ER autophagy (ER-phagy, ERPA) and ER-associated degradation (ERAD). Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is an age-related degenerative disease of the spine. Although the pathogenesis of IDD has not been fully elucidated, emerging evidence suggests that the ER quality control system may be involved in its progression. Previous studies have focused on mitochondrial quality control and its related mechanisms in diseases, with limited systematic summaries on the ER quality control system. In this paper, we comprehensively reviewed the molecular mechanisms of the ER quality control system and investigated its association with IDD. In addition, we summarized the potential therapeutic strategies targeting the ER quality control system to attenuate IDD progression, offering new insights into the pathogenesis and regenerative repair strategies of IDD.

To study the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon density in grassland and explore the relationship between organic carbon density and influencing factors is of great significance to the management and maintenance of grassland ecosystems in Gannan Autonomous Prefecture, which is conducive to realizing the goal of "double carbon," promoting carbon sink, and mitigating climate change. Taking Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu Province as the research object, based on data from two CMIP6 future climate scenarios (SSP126 and SSP585), the CENTURY model was used to simulate and predict the temporal and spatial changes in soil organic carbon density in grassland of Gannan during 2023-2100. The main conclusions were as follows:① From 2023 to 2100, total organic carbon density, slow organic carbon density, and inert organic carbon density all showed a downward trend, whereas active organic carbon density fluctuated first and then increased. Meanwhile, the total organic carbon density, active organic carbon density, slow organic carbon density, and inert organic carbon density under the SSP585 scenario were higher than those under the SSP126 scenario. ② Mann-Kendall mutation analysis showed that the abrupt change in the difference of soil total organic carbon density (Δsomtc) occurred in 2030. The abrupt change in the difference of soil active carbon density (Δsom1c) occurred in 2027. ③ During the study period, the average soil organic carbon density of Gannan grassland was 7 505.69 g·m -2 under the SSP126 scenario and 7 551.87 g·m -2 under the SSP585 scenario. Gannan grassland soil organic carbon density was higher in the west and lower in the east, and the coefficient of variation was relatively stable. ④ The results of partial correlation analysis showed that precipitation was positively correlated with soil organic carbon density, whereas temperature was significantly negatively correlated with soil organic carbon density under future climate scenarios. ⑤ The results of the Theil-Sen Median trend analysis and Mann-Kendall test showed that under the two climate scenarios, the soil organic carbon density in Gannan showed an overall downward trend, in which Luqu County showed the fastest downward trend and Dibe County showed the slowest.

The existing one-time identity authentication technology cannot continuously guarantee the legitimacy of user identity during the whole human-computer interaction session, and often requires active cooperation of users, which seriously limits the availability. This study proposes a new non-contact identity recognition technology based on cardiac micro-motion detection using ultra wideband (UWB) bio-radar. After the multi-point micro-motion echoes in the range dimension of the human heart surface area were continuously detected by ultra wideband bio-radar, the two-dimensional principal component analysis (2D-PCA) was exploited to extract the compressed features of the two-dimensional image matrix, namely the distance channel-heart beat sampling point (DC-HBP) matrix, in each accurate segmented heart beat cycle for identity recognition. In the practical measurement experiment, based on the proposed multi-range-bin & 2D-PCA feature scheme along with two conventional reference feature schemes, three typical classifiers were selected as representatives to conduct the heart beat identification under two states of normal breathing and breath holding. The results showed that the multi-range-bin & 2D-PCA feature scheme proposed in this paper showed the best recognition effect. Compared with the optimal range-bin & overall heart beat feature scheme, our proposed scheme held an overall average recognition accuracy of 6.16% higher (normal respiration: 6.84%; breath holding: 5.48%). Compared with the multi-distance unit & whole heart beat feature scheme, the overall average accuracy increase was 27.42% (normal respiration: 28.63%; breath holding: 26.21%) for our proposed scheme. This study is expected to provide a new method of undisturbed, all-weather, non-contact and continuous identification for authentication.

Based on the whole life cycle perspective, the carbon emissions of the provincial construction industry in China from 2011 to 2019 were calculated from the production, construction, operation, and demolition stages of building materials. A spatial correlation network matrix of the carbon emissions in the construction industry was constructed by using the modified gravity model, and the structural characteristics of the correlation network were described by introducing social network analysis. Through the quadratic assignment program, the spatial correlation matrix of carbon emissions in the construction industry and its influencing factors were regressed and analyzed. The conclusions were as follows:① the spatial correlation network of carbon emissions in China's construction industry clearly existed. The network density and network correlation numbers were gradually rising, and the network tightness and stability were gradually improving. ② Shanghai, Tianjin, Beijing, and Jiangsu had a higher degree centrality and closeness centrality, which are the core and dominant positions of the spatial correlation network of carbon emissions in the construction industry. Zhejiang replaced Shanghai in the top four from 2013 to 2018, and the betweenness centrality of each province had unbalanced characteristics. ③ Beijing, Tianjin, Jiangsu, Inner Mongolia, Shanghai, and Shandong were "net beneficiaries" blocks, receiving the carbon emissions from other regions. Four provinces, Guangdong, Chongqing, Fujian, and Shandong, belonged to the "broker" sector, achieving a dynamic balance between the production and consumption sides of building carbon emissions. The remaining 20 provinces played a "net spillovers" role, actively sending carbon emissions from the construction industry to other provinces. The correlation between blocks was much greater than the correlation relationship within the blocks. ④ Industrial structure, urban population, spatial adjacency, consumption level, and construction industry process structure had a significant influence on the spatial correlation of carbon emissions in the construction industry. The greater the inter-provincial differences in industrial structure, urban population, spatial adjacency, and consumption level, the greater the similarity of inter-provincial construction industry process structure, and the stronger the spatial correlation and spatial spillover of the construction industry carbon emissions. Finally, according to the evolution characteristics and influencing factors of the spatial correlation network of building carbon emissions, relevant countermeasures and suggestions were provided for the collaborative carbon reduction development of the construction industry region.

Objective To investigate the effect of staphylococcal nuclease and tudor domain containing 1(SND1) on the biological function of osteosarcoma cells and decipher the mechanism of SND1 in regulating ferroptosis in osteosarcoma cells via SLC7A11. Methods Human osteoblasts hFOB1.19 and osteosarcoma cell lines Saos-2,U2OS,HOS,and 143B were cultured,in which the expression level of SND1 was determined.Small interfering RNA was employed to knock down the expression of SND1(si-SND1) in the osteosarcoma cell line HOS and 143B.The CCK8 assay kit,colony formation assay,and Transwell assay were employed to examine the effect of SND1 expression on the biological function of osteosarcoma cells.Furthermore,we altered the expression of SND1 and SLC7A11 in osteosarcoma cells to investigate the effect of SND1 on osteosarcoma ferroptosis via SLC7A11. Results The mRNA and protein levels of SND1 in Saos-2,U2OS,HOS,and 143B cells were higher than those in hFOB1.19 cells(all P <0.01).Compared with the control group,transfection with si-SND1 down-regulated the expression level of SND1 in HOS and 143B cells(all P <0.01),decreased the viability of HOS and 143B cells,reduced the number of colony formation,and inhibited cell invasion and migration(all P <0.001).The ferroptosis inducer Erastin promoted the apoptosis of HOS and 143B cells,while the ferroptosis inhibitor Ferrostatin-1 improved the viability of HOS and 143B cells(all P <0.001).After SND-1 knockdown,Erastin reduced the viability of HOS and 143B cells,while Ferrostatin-1 restored the cell viability(all P <0.001).After treatment with Erastin in the si-SND1 group,the levels of iron and malondialdehyde were elevated,and the level of glutathione was lowered(all P <0.001).The results of in vivo experiments showed that SND1 knockdown inhibited the mass of the transplanted tumor in 143B tumor-bearing nude mice( P <0.001).Knocking down the expression of SND1 resulted in down-regulated SLC7A11 expression(all P <0.001) and increased ferroptosis in HOS and 143B cells( P <0.001, P =0.020). Conclusions SND1 presents up-regulated expression in osteosarcoma cells.It may inhibit ferroptosis by up-regulating the expression of SLC7A11,thereby improving the viability of osteosarcoma cells.