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Objective: Using single cell sequencing to analyze the characteristics of the immune repertoire of SARS-CoV-2 patients at different infection stages, and to explore the possible pathogenesis. Methods: Obtaining data in the NCBI database, and healthy control, progression and convalescence groups were set up. Analysis of single cell sequencing data by RStudio, Origin, Hipliot and Excel software. Results: TCR plays an important role in antigen recognition and virus clearance. Characteristics of the three immune repertoires are very different. The number of clones exceeded 26.92%. The length distribution of α chain CDR3 was concentrated on 14 amino acids, while β-chain was concentrated on 15 amino acids. The frequency of gene fragments in V and J regions were different, and the frequency of TRAV13-1, TRAJ20, TRBV20-1 and TRBJ2-1 were statistically significant (P<0.05). Further V-J gene combination analysis showed that there were significant differences in the frequency of single chain V-J between the control group and the progression group, the control group and the rehabilitation group (P<0.05). The highest frequency of αβ double chain V-J in the control group was TRAV19-J34-TRBV4-1-J2-1, the highest frequency of αβ double-stranded V-J in the progression group was TRAV12-1-J30-TRBV19-1-J2-1, and the highest frequency of αβ double chain V-J in the convalescence group was TRAV12-2-J52-TRBV7-9-J1-5. Conclusion: This study analyzes the global characteristics of T cells in the immune repertoire, which is helpful to understand the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 patients, timely and effective treatment of patients in the early stages of infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: The evaluation and management of cervical vascular pathologies before orthopedic manual therapy have great significance for reducing risks, ensuring patients’ interests and promoting optimal clinical decision-making. However, the research and exploration of this field in China are still in its infancy. In 2020, the International Federation of Orthopaedic Manipulative Physical Therapists (IFOMPT) released the International Framework for Examination of the Cervical Region for potential of vascular pathologies of the neck prior to Orthopaedic Manual Therapy (OMT) Intervention: International IFOMPT Cervical Framework (2020). This framework has important references and guiding values for the clinical practice of cervical manipulation in China. OBJECTIVE: To integrate and interpret the core content of the framework, to provide a reference for the clinical practice of cervical manual therapy in China. METHODS: On the basis of a full study of the framework, the authors interpret the core content of the framework from eight aspects including clinical reasoning, patient history, planning the physical examination, physical examination, risk and benefit. Meanwhile, seven databases including PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang, VIP and China Biomedical Literature Service System databases were searched by computer to screen clinical practice guidelines and expert consensus on neck pain. Through longitudinal comparison of multiple high-quality guidelines and consensus, the authors combine with the clinical practice in China to carry out discussion and analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: This framework expounds the management strategy and implementation path of cervical vascular disease evaluation before cervical manipulation from multiple dimensions, suggesting that we should improve clinicians’ attention to cervical vascular disease evaluation before manipulation, and construct evaluation criteria and implementation path with Chinese clinical characteristics. Meanwhile, we should further carry out basic scientific research with multidisciplinary techniques and promote shared decision-making and teaching model innovation to achieve the best clinical decision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose: Follow-up data of 6 737 patients undergoing surgery for gastric cancer were collected based on hospital registration, and the 1-, 3- and 5-years observed overall survival (OS) rates and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were analyzed to provide real-world research evidence for the prevention and control of gastric cancer and policy making in China. Methods: A total of 6 737 gastric cancer patients who underwent surgical treatment at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer center from 2015 to 2020 were included in this study. Clinical information and the follow-up endpoint data were collected through medical records review, telephone visits and death registry data linkage. The last follow-up date was November 30, 2023. Kaplan-Meier method was applied in evaluating the 1-, 3- and 5-year OS rate and DFS rate, and survival data were described by different subgroups including age group, gender, treatment period, tumor staging, and pathological characteristics. Results: With a median follow-up time of 50.99 months, the 5-year OS rate of surgically resected gastric cancer patients was 70.37%, and 5-year DFS rate in I-III stage cases was 69.46%. The 5-year OS rates of stage I, II, III and IV were 94.32%, 82.56%, 51.01% and 23.97%, respectively. The differences in survival among patients with different age, tumor location, gross classification, Borrmann classification and Lauren classification were significant. Conclusion: Staging is an important factor directly affecting the survival of gastric cancer patients. Screening and early diagnosis and treatment in large population, especially high-risk group, should be strengthened to further improve the patients' survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the relationship between frailty and social activity of the elderly in China, and to study the influencing factors of frailty in the elderly, so as to provide scientific basis for the healthy life of the elderly. Methods Based on 43 health related variables in China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2018 database, the frailty index (FI) was constructed to evaluate the frailty of the elderly. Binary logistic regression was used to explore the effect of social activity on the frailty of the elderly. Results A total of 1 519 elderly people aged 60 and above were included in the CHARLS 2018 database, including 401 frail elderly, with a frailty rate of 26.4%. The participation rate of the elderly in social activities was 48.5%, and there were 439 elderly people with high level of social activity, accounting for 28.9% of the total. After adjusting for confounding factors, the risk of debilitation in the elderly with high level of social activity was 41.9%, lower than that in those with medium and low level of social activity (0fl=0.581, 95%CH: 0.439-0.77). Conclusion The degree of social activity affects the frailty of the elderly, and the social activity of the elderly in China is generally low. The elderly should be encouraged to participate in social activities, and attention should be paid to the older and female elderly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was based on network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques, and investigated the active components and mechanisms through which Atractylodes macrocephala regulates oxidative stress. Active components and target proteins of Atractylodes macrocephala were screened from the TCMSP database, while oxidative stress-related targets were obtained from GeneCards and OMIM databases. Using STRING 11.5 platform and Cytoscape 3.7.2 software, a network of Atractylodes macrocephala-components-targets and a PPI network were constructed, and core targets were identified. The DAVID database was utilized for GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. Molecular docking using AutoDockTools software examined the binding efficacy of active components with core targets. The results showed six main active components, including 12-kirenol acyl-8-epi-heliangolide, 14-acetyl-12-kirenol acyl-8-epi-heliangolide, α-amyrin, β-sitosterol, 3β-acetoxyatractylone, and 8β-ethoxyhirsutinolide, along with 133 key targets. GO functional enrichment yielded 460 terms, and KEGG pathway annotation identified 127 signaling pathways, including TNF, AGERAGE, IL-17, and PI3K-Akt pathways. Molecular docking results demonstrated favorable binding activity between Atractylodes macrocephala active components and core targets, with α-amyrin showing the highest binding ALB, EGFR, MAPK1, NQO1, and PTGS2. The study indicates that Atractylodes macrocephala may exert its antioxidant effects by regulating signaling pathways such as TNF, AGE-RAGE, IL-17, PI3K-Akt, and oxidative stress-related targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Cryopreservation can better ensure the integrity of the vascular structure. How to reduce its immunogenicity to improve rejection after transplantation has attracted more and more attention. OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress of freezing treatment to reduce vascular immunogenicity after allogeneic vascular transplantation in order to provide a reference for clinical research. METHODS: A systematic search of Chinese and English databases CNKI, WanFang and PubMed, as well as online websites Baidu and Google Scholar since the establishment of the database has published literature on reducing vascular immunogenicity after allogeneic vascular transplantation. Keywords were “cardiovascular disease, endothelial cells, cryopreservation, blood vessel transplantation or vascular graft, immunogenicity, immune rejection, allograft or allogeneic transplantation or allograft transplantation and cryoprotectant”. A total of 68 articles were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The review found that the rejection of allogeneic vascular transplantation can be reduced by improving the existing freezing technology, which mainly involves the selection of freezing and thawing methods and cryoprotectants. (2) The existing research suggests that the freeze-drying method is superior to the low-temperature cryopreservation, but due to the limited conditions, it is still dominated by low-temperature cryopreservation. Among them, vitrification cryopreservation, slow rewarming and the use of stainless steel and even silver-containing materials are better than programmed cryopreservation and rapid rewarming. (3) The combined selection of permeable and non-permeable cryoprotectants can further reduce the occurrence of rejection while reducing their toxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and immune cell infiltration patterns in hypertensive nephropathy (HN). Methods: Downloaded gene chip dataset of HN and healthy human renal tubulointerstitial tissue samples from GEO database, and used R software to analyze DEGs. Metascape online analysis platform was used to analyze functional enrichment of DEGs. Three machine learning algorithms, LASSO, SVM-RFE and RF, were used to screen feature genes and verify the diagnostic value. Finally, CIBERSORT algorithm was used to analyze immune cell infiltration. Results: Total 277 DEGs were obtained. Functional enrichment analysis showed that they were related to many immune-related processes, such as innate immune response, humoral immune response and response to cytokines. Three characteristic genes, CISH, GADD45A and ZFP36, were obtained by machine learning algorithm, which had good diagnostic value. Immune cell infiltration analysis showed that Tregs and macrophages M1 infiltrated more. And there was a correlation among many kinds of immune cells. Conclusion: Pathogenesis of HN may be related to a variety of immune-related processes, Tregs and macrophages M1 may play a key role in pathogenesis of HN. CISH, GADD45A and ZFP36 are potential diagnostic markers of HN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the development status and research trend of premature ejaculation treatment. Methods By systematically searching the Web of Science (WoS) core collection database, the related literatures to premature ejaculation treatment were obtained from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2020. The distribution characteristics, research hotspots, and research frontiers of global research literatures on premature ejaculation treatment were visually analyzed using CiteSpace software. Results A total of 2 433 articles were included, and 10 keyword clustering labels were formed. Research hotspots mainly focused on the epidemiological characteristics and treatment of premature ejaculation, and research trends on systematic evaluation of diseases and nursing care. Conclusion The treatment of premature ejaculation has received increasing attention in the last two decades. In the future, we will strengthen international exchanges to promote research on premature ejaculation treatment in China relying on the cultural background of the Chinese medical field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore medication rules of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of teratozoospermia based on clinical literature data mining for providing guidance methods for teratozoospermia treatment. Methods Clinical literatures on teratozoospermia treatment with traditional Chinese medicine from database establishment to December 31,2022 were retrieved and collected from the database of CNKI, Wanfang and VIP. SPSS and Excel were used for data mining to summarize the clinical medication rules of teratozoospermia. Results A total of 101 related literatures were initially retrieved, and 57 clinical literatures were ultimately obtained, including 64 prescriptions containing 145 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine. Eight syndrome elements were extracted, mainly including essence deficiency, blood stasis, damp-heat and yin deficiency. The disease mainly located in kidney, spleen and liver. Cuscuta chinensis and Lycium barbarum were the most common clinical drugs, and the main drugs were tonic drugs. The property of the drug was warm and mild, the taste of the drug was mainly sweet, and the meridian tropism was mainly in the kidney, liver and spleen. Association rule analysis showed that there were 8 pairs of combinations with high correlation strength, and the results of hierarchical cluster analysis revealed 3 categories. The network visualization of association rules indicated that the core drugs included 16 kinds such as dodder, wolfberry fruit, cornus officinalis, prepared rehmannia root, etc., and the compatibility correlation between drugs was high. Conclusion The basic pathogenesis of teratozoospermia is essence deficiency and kidney deficiency, damp-heat descending and blood stasis blocking collaterals. The main treatment is to tonify deficiency, clear heat, remove dampness and activate blood circulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]