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Objective To preliminarily summarize the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of functional movement disorder (FMD) based on movement disorders clinic in China. Methods and Results A total of 593 patients with movement disorders newly diagnosed in movement disorders clinic of 22 clinical medical centers from August to September in 2023 were included, including 37 patients (6.24%) with FMD and 556 patients (93.76%) with organic movement disorder. Comparison of the epidemiological characteristics of the 2 groups, the proportions of corona virus disease (COVID⁃19) infection (χ2 = 4.217, P = 0.040) and psychopsychological symptoms (χ2 = 18.694, P = 0.000) in the FMD group were higher than those in the organic movement disorder group, while age (t = 3.757, P = 0.000), age of onset (t = 3.720, P = 0.000) and proportion of hypertension (χ2 = 4.736, P = 0.030) were lower than those in the organic movement disorder group. Comparison of the clinical characteristics of the 2 groups, the FMD group had higher proportions of tremor (χ2 = 3.955, P = 0.047) and myoclonus (Fisher′s exact probability: P = 0.011) than the organic movement disorder group, and the proportions of parkinsonism (χ2 = 8.491, P = 0.004) and gait disorder (χ2 = 5.028, P = 0.025) were lower than those in the organic movement disorder group. Conclusions The age and age of onset, as well as the proportions of COVID⁃19 infection, hypertension, psychopsychological symptoms, tremor, myoclonus, parkinsonism and gait disorder with FMD were different from those with organic movement disorder in China.

At present, casein can be isolated from skim milk by membrane filtration technology, and micellar casein concentrate could be obtained by concentration, sterilization, drying. In this paper, the factors affecting the composition of micellar casein concentrate and its application in cheese production were reviewed. It was found that pH value, temperature and diafiltrant during membrane filtration all affected the composition of micellar casein concentrate, resulting in different concentrations of casein, whey protein, lactose and calcium. It is also possible to standardize raw milk by micellar casein concentrate to produce cheese with the same composition and quality. It is also possible to obtain different raw milk compositions by micellar casein concentrate having different components to produce cheese with desired quality and function. In conclusion, the addition of micellar casein concentrate could affect the composition, texture and flavor of cheese during cheese production, but these problems could be solved by adjusting the process parameters of membrane filtration and cheesemaking. Further research will be still required to find an economic way to preserve micellar casein concentrate and give it extended shelf life, good rennet properties to ensure cheese quality and yield.

When encountering heavy rain, the membrane surface with a relatively small slope is easy to accumulate water. Accurately simulating the deformation of the membrane surface at this time will help ensure the safety of the structure. The linear constitutive model of membrane material used in existing research is not suitable for simulating the deformation of membrane structure in rainstorm. This study conducts a uniform load test on a membrane structure to simulate the mechanical behavior of the membrane surface in rainstorm and obtains the deformation form of the structure when water is accumulated. The linear constitutive model and the double broken line constitutive model of membrane material are used in the finite element model of the membrane structure for load analysis. By comparing the deformation of the finite element model and the actual structure, it selects the constitutive model suitable for simulating the deformation of the membrane structure in heavy rain. The numerical simulation results show that the structural deformation simulated by the double broken line constitutive model is closer to the deformation measured in the experiment than the linear constitutive model. The research results can provide a reference for the selection of the membrane constitutive model and the analysis of membrane structure in rainstorm.

People commonly hypothesize that an independent variable follows a Gamma distribution in many areas,including hydrology,meteorology and insurance claim.Under the Gamma distribution assumption,Gamma regression model enables an outstanding fitting effect,compared with multivariate linear-regression model.Previous studies may be able to obtain a Gamma regression model trained only on a public dataset.However,when the datasets are provided by multiple parties,how to seek to address the problem of data privacy by training Gamma regression model without exchanging the data itself? A secure multi-party federated Gamma regression algorithm has been applied to this area.Firstly,the log-likelihood function is derived with the iterative method.Secondly,the link function is determined according to the fact,and the gradient updating strategy is constructed by the loss function.Finally,the parameters with homomorphic encryption are updated,then the training is completed.The model is tested on two public datasets,and the results show that under the premise of privacy protection our method can effectively use the value of multi-party data to generate Gamma regression model.The fitting performance of our method is better than that of Gamma regression model implements in a single part,and is close to the result yielded by centralized data learning model.

Objective: This study focused on improving comprehensive utilization rate of ziziphi spinosae semen resources. Methods: With the ultrasonic power, ultrasonic time, solid-liquid ratio, ethanol volume fraction and ultrasonic temperature as the influencing factors, and the extraction rate of isovitexin-glucopyranoside in ziziphi spinosae semen as the index, the extraction process parameters of isovitexin-glucopyranoside were optimized by response surface methodology. Results: The optimal extraction conditions of isovitexin-glucopyranoside were ultrasonic power 405 W, ultrasonic time 60 min, solid-liquid ratio 1∶16 （g/mL） and ethanol volume fraction 75%. Under the control of these conditions, the extraction rate of isovitexin-glucopyranoside was 0.705%, which was close to the predicted value （0.719%）, indicating that the predicted value of the extraction rate of isovitexin-glucopyranoside fit well with the actual situation. Conclusion: The ultrasonic assisted extraction of isovitexin-glucopyranoside is stable and reliable with high extraction rate.

The compact storage system is a new storage technology in the field of intelligent logistics technology, and its most typical feature is that it can realize multi-depth storage of unit loads. In this paper, the path optimization problem of the co-existence of both single command (SC) and dual command (DC) operations of the stacker in the dual-port layout is studied, and the mathematical model of the problem is established with the shortest travel time of the stacker as the objective. A genetic algorithm (GA)-beam search (BS) hybrid optimization algorithm is designed to solve the model, and the optimal individual obtained by the GA is used as the initial path choice of the BS to avoid local optimum. The effectiveness of the model and algorithm is verified by numerical simulation, and the results show that the operation path optimization model of the stacker and the designed solution method can better adapt to the I/O tasks scheduling requirements in the compact three-dimensional warehouse with dual-port layout, get a more reasonable stacker scheduling scheme, and improve the storage efficiency.

Micro-addition of alloying elements is not only an effective method to improve the overall performance of aluminum matrix composites but also a proven workable low-cost technology in improving the reinforced phase/matrix interface structure and regulating the mechanical property of strength-toughness other than the physical processes such as electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration, as well as preparation technologies like bimodal structure and biomimetic layered materials, etc. In recent years, the research of alloying elements in TiB2 particles reinforced aluminum matrix composites has attracted much attention and achieved remarkable results which lay a good foundation for better understanding of its mechanism on the nano-level or even the atomic level. A series of latest developments on the properties of TiB2/Al composites by adding alloying elements at home and abroad were summarized, i.e. TiB2 particle morphology, microstructure and mechanical properties.The mechanism of micro-alloying and its prospect on regulating crack initiation and propagation, exerting intrinsic mechanical properties of micro and nano scale, along with coordinating the dilemma of strength-ductility trade-off were also forecasted, aimed at providing reference for the preparation of high-performance aluminum matrix composites.

Ti3SiC2 ceramic bulk with a relative density greater than 99% was prepared by hot pressing sintering (HP) using Ti3SiC2 powder as raw material, and the hardness, flexural strength and fracture toughness of HP Ti3SiC2 bulk were 775HV, 520.46 MPa and 7.62 MPa·m1/2, respectively. To evaluate its oxidation-resistance and thermal shock resistance, ultra-high temperature ablation tests were conducted under oxyacetylene flame without cooling. The results show that the Ti3SiC2 ceramics remain flat within 10 s of the ablation, no macrocracks within 25 s.SEM and XRD analysis reveal that Ti3SiC2 samples are decomposed and oxidized during the ultra-high temperature ablation, elements Si and C are oxidized into gaseous Si-O and C-O compounds, TiO2 (rutile) with a loose structure remains on the surface of the sample. To analyze the internal oxide layer, a dense layer composed of rutile TiO2 and Al2TiO5 is observed, under which an Al2O3 particle-enriched layer is found covering the substrate. The dense internal oxide layer can effectively prevent O2 from diffusing inward, thereby reducing the oxidation rate of Ti3SiC2. The high melting point and high viscosity Al2O3 particle layer can absorb a large amount of heat and then reduce the transfer of heat flow to the Ti3SiC2 substrate, thus improving the anti-ablation of the Ti3SiC2 material.

Various contents (0%, 2%, 5% and 8%,mass fraction,the same below) of TiB2/Al-4.5Cu composites were prepared by mixed salt reaction method. After T6 heat treatment, XRD, ICP, OM, SEM, EDS and tensile test at room temperature were adopted to observe microstructure and assess mechanical properties of the composites. XRD and ICP tests confirm that the alloys contained only α-Al, Al2Cu and TiB2,Al3Ti and Al2B phases are not found.OM and SEM observations show that the average grain size of α-Al in the matrix material is 167.5 μm, while is 110.4,87.2,75.2 μm in 2%, 5%, and 8% TiB2/Al-4.5Cu, respectively. TEM observation indicates that the TiB2 particles are quadrate and hexagonal structure dispersed in the grain boundary chiefly. Room-temperature tensile experiments show that with the increasing of TiB2 content, the mechanical properties of TiB2/Al-4.5Cu composites are improved gradually. Especially,for the composite with TiB2 mass fraction of 8%, the yield strength(YS), ultimate tensile strength(UTS),elastic modulus and microhardness are 356 MPa, 416 MPa, 92.5 GPa and 96.5HV, separately. However,the elongation(δ) decreases from 10.3% to 4.3%. Analysis suggests the enhancement of load transfer, fine crystal and dislocation proliferation are all the factors that greatly improve the mechanical properties of TiB2/Al-4.5Cu composites, in especial, the dislocation cell and loop distributed around TiB2 particles play a decisive role in enhancing the strength.

OBJECTIVES The Xiuwacu Mo-W deposit is a typical hydrothermal quartz vein deposit in the Yidun island arc Cu-Mo metallogenic belt, northwest Yunnan. Numerous studies have been conducted on rock and ore chronology and petrogenesis, dynamics, but its ore-forming fluid evolution has been rarely studied. OBJECTIVES To reveal the origin and evolution of ore-forming fluids of the Xiuwacu Mo-W deposit. METHODS Scanning electron microscope (SEM) cathodoluminescence method, and in situ trace element (LA-ICP-MS) and in situ Sr (fs-LA-MC-ICP-MS) isotope analyses of scheelite. RESULTS The occurrences of scheelite and the cathodoluminescence images indicated three generations of scheelite, Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ, with the middle stage scheelite being the most developed. The rare earth element pattern of the scheelite in the early stage was similar to that of the porphyritic granite. It showed a right-inclined pattern with light rare earth enrichment and a moderate negative Eu anomaly (δEu=0.42). The average Mo content was 3.0%, and the average 87Sr/86Sr was 0.7098, close to the specular feldspar granite (0.7075-0.7098). Compared with scheelite in the early stage, the content of light rare earth elements in the scheelite from the middle stage was low, and Eu also had a medium negative anomaly (δEu=0.37). Mo content was reduced to an average of 2445μg/g, and 87Sr/86Sr increased to 0.7113. The rare earth distribution pattern of scheelite in the later stage showed an arched pattern with relative enrichment of middle rare earth and no Eu anomaly (δEu=0.93). Mo content of scheelite decreased to 56μg/g, and average 87Sr/86Sr was 0.7083. Conclusion From early to late, the gradual decrease of light rare-earth elements, especially La and Ce, in scheelite indicates the crystallization of bastnaesite. The increase in δEu and the sharp decrease in Mo content indicate the transformation of ore-forming fluids from oxidation to reduction. The change of Sr isotope composition indicates the change in the source of ore-forming materials. The magmatic fluid contributed a lot in the early stage, and the large-scale interaction between the magma-hydrothermal fluids and surrounding rocks is responsible for the formation of scheelite in the middle stage. The strata provide amounts of Ca for scheelite formation, indicating that strong water-rock interaction played an important role in the formation of the deposit.

Objective Soft tissue balancing in knee joint is a key technique for successful operation of total knee arthroplasty(TKA). There is not a widely accepted metric for balance, manual balance has been achieved primarily through tactile feedback and visual cue. That makes difficulties in learners'training. A new electronic sensor can measure the pressure of medial and lateral compartment of knee, and is applied in the skill training of total knee arthroplasty. Methods Five trainee surgeons attended 14 electronic sensor balancing TKA separately, there are 70 cases in total. Trainee surgeons did manual balance, then it was checked by electronic sensor in 0°,45°,90°knee position. All cases were divided into 7 groups according to chronological order. The unbalance cases were recorded in each group and compared statistically. Results For 0°,45°,90°knee position, the first group has 7,6,5 unbalance cases respectively. During the training, the unbalance case number is decreasing, the seventh group has 1,1,2 unbalance cases at last. There is significant difference between the first and the seventh group for 0°,45°. It is demanding for 45°balancing with most unbalance cases. Conclusions Electronic sensor is a new tool for TKA training. It helps the trainee surgeons to master soft tissue balancing technique quickly and effectively.

In order to solve the problem that alumina based ceramic core is not easy to remove core, a certain amount of PA66 fiber was added as pore forming material to prepare porous aluminum based ceramic core by hot pressing. The influence of PA66 fiber content on the porosity, room temperature bending strength and sintering shrinkage of aluminum based ceramic core was investigated, and the mechanism of PA66 fiber content on the porosity of aluminum based ceramic core was analyzed. The results show that the porosity of alumina based ceramic core is significantly increased by adding PA66 fiber, and the sintering shrinkage of the core is effectively blocked. With the increase of PA66 fiber, the porosity of alumina based ceramic core is increased, and the bending strength and line shrinkage rate at room temperature are decreased. When the PA66 fiber content is 0.9%(mass fraction), the porosity of the aluminum based ceramic core is 41.14%, the bending strength is 15.33 MPa, and the linear shrinkage rate is 0.418%.

BACKGROUND The Nanyangtian scheelite deposit is an important skarn scheelite deposit in Yunnan Province, which is located in Laojunshan W-Sn deposit area, Southeast Yunnan. Due to its complex geological background and multi-stage metallogenic characteristics, its mineralization age and genesis remain controversial. OBJECTIVES To explore the metallogenic age, genesis and material origins of two types of scheelite deposits in order to explore formation patterns. METHODS Molybdenum Re-Os isotope dating was used to constrain the age, whereas in situ trace element and in situ Sr isotopes of scheelite were used to determine the composition of trace elements and Sr isotopes in scheelite. RESULTS The Re-Os isochron age of molybdenite associated with scheelite in the feldspar-quartz mineral vein of Nanyantian was 151.0±1.3Ma, younger than the age of skarn mineralization, indicating a later mineralization event. The skarn-type scheelite was enriched in light rare earth elements with negative Eu anomaly (δEu=0.46). The average content of ∑REE, Mo and Sr in skarn scheelite were 65.60, 240.16 and 883.43μg/g, respectively. Feldspar-quartz vein-type scheelite showed a flat rare earth pattern with positive Eu anomaly (δEu=2.8) and average content of ∑REE, Mo and Sr were 194.40, 16.01 and 129.26μg/g, respectively. respectively. The skarn scheelite had a relatively low and uniform 87Sr/86Sr value of 0.71319 to 0.71491, indicating that the ore-forming fluids were mainly magmatic-hydrothermal in origin, whereas feldspar-quartz vein type scheelite had a wide 87Sr/86Sr range of 0.71537 to 0.72803, with an average of 0.72079, characteristic of metamorphic fluids. CONCLUSIONS The differences in trace and rare earth element contents between two types of mineralization indicate that they have different fluid sources. The negative Eu anomaly of the skarn-type scheelite indicates a high oxygen fugacity environment, whereas the feldspar-quartz vein-type scheelite is formed in a reductive environment in terms of positive Eu anomaly. Sr isotopes of two different types of scheelite display a feature of binary mixing, indicating that feldspar-quartz vein-type scheelite has a superimposed transformation effect on skarn-type scheelite, and the strong metasomatism of ore-forming fluids and surrounding rocks is the key to the formation of scheelite.

The experiment aimed to explore the effects of autumn supplementary feeding on the serum biochemical indexes of Oula sheep at different age stages. A total of 24 healthy and similar-conditioned Oula ewes at the ages of 6, 12, and 36 months were selected for each age group. The Oula sheep at each age stage were randomly divided into a grazing group (group 1) and a grazing + supplementary feeding group (group 1), with three replicates in each group and four sheep in each replicate. The pre-feeding period was 10 days and the formal experimental period was 60 days. The results showed that the average daily weight gain of the group ii was higher than that of the group i for 6-month-old and 12-month-old sheep ( P<0.05). In 6-month-old sheep of the group i, the serum E2 and GH levels were higher than those in the group i ( P<0.05). In 12-month-old and 36-month-old sheep of the group i, the ALP activity was higher than that in the group i( P<0.05). In 6-month-old sheep of the group i, the serum GLB level was higher than that in the group i( P<0.05). In 12-month-old sheep of the group, the IL-2 level was higher than that in the group ( P<0.05). In 36-month-old sheep of the group, the levels of GLB, IgM, IL-4, and IL-6 were higher than those in the group ( P<0.05). In 6-month-old sheep of the group, the serum GSH-Px activity was higher than that in the group ( P<0.05). In 12-month-old and 36-month-old sheep of the group, the SOD activity was higher than that in the group ( P<0.05). The study suggests that autumn supplementary feeding promotes the rapid maturation of 6-month-old ewes, enhances the growth, metabolic capacity, immune function, and antioxidant ability at different age in Oula sheep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of China's solid wood furniture industry is relatively mature. As a precious raw wood material, rosewood plays an important role in the solid wood furniture industry. The number of imported rosewood in China has also increased year by year. The traditional identification method of rosewood categories mainly relied on the experience of professionals, so accurate and scientific identification of rosewood was very important for both furniture industry and handicrafts. In this article, a rosewood recognition method based on the surrounding features of wood was proposed. The BP neural network algorithm was used to establish a recognition model, which has been proven to have good recognition effect and can provide a new method for the identification of rosewood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND The Kunyang phosphate deposit in central Yunnan is the largest marine sedimentary phosphorite deposit in China. The deposit is hosted in black shale of the Lower Cambrian Meishucun Formation. However, there is still some controversy on the material source of the phosphorite and the deposition age of the black shale. OBJECTIVES To precisely date the black shale and provide direct constraint for the depositional age of the phosphorite and to better understand the successive depositional environment evolution from the phosphorite to black shale in vertical profiles. METHODS Negative Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry (NTIMS) Re-Os isotope tracer and dating studies were performed on phosphorite of Zhongyicun Member and black shale of Shiyantou Member in the Kunyang phosphate deposit. RESULTS The Re-Os isochron age of black shale in the Shiyantou Member is 521.9±5.4 Ma, which directly constrains the deposition age of black shale in the Kunyang Phosphate deposit. The phosphorite and black shale samples have initial 187Os/188Os values from 0.6576 to 0.7671 and of 0.887, respectively. The phosphorite and black shale samples have 187Re/188Os values of 2.582-240.5 and 96.24-341.8, respectively. The δEu and δCe values of trace elements in the phosphorite and black shale show changes from low to high in the vertical profile. This evidence indicates that the formation of the Kunyang phosphorus deposit occurred in the period of rapid erosion in the mainland and a large amount of terrigenous debris involvement in diagenesis-mineralization also occurred. CONCLUSIONS Based on previous studies, the atmospheric oxygen content increased rapidly, aggravating the weathering of the continental crust and the input of a large number of highly radioactive terrestrial Os caused the initial 187Os/188Os initial ratio to increase gradually during the Cambrian Period. In addition, due to the rise of the global sea level, the paleo-marine environment of the Lower Cambrian Meishucun gradually changed from shallow water oxidization to deep water reduction. The Kunyang phosphorus deposit formed during the early stages of the sea-inward-cycle sedimentation.

Sclerotinia stem rot is a broad-spectrum threat to rapeseed production, and Brassica juncea contains abundant genetic resources for resistance against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out screening, localization, and exploration of resistance loci for sclerotinia stem rot in Brassica juncea germplasm resources for the breeding of Sclerotinia-resistant rapeseed. In this study, the S. sclerotiorum resistance of Brassica juncea germplasm resources collected from various regions in Yunnan Province was evaluated under three different growth environments, and a whole-genome association analysis of S. sclerotiorum resistance loci was conducted based on the resequencing data of 91 Brassica juncea germplasm materials. According to the results of leaf identification under in vitro conditions in the three growth environments, one highly resistant germplasm material J7667 and one relatively resistant germplasm material J047 were selected. The resequencing data of the 91 materials were aligned to the reference genome of Brassica juncea for variation detection analysis, resulting in the detection of 11 337 871 SNPs and 40 170 Indels distributed on the 18 chromosomes of Brassica juncea. After data filtering, 403 211 high-quality SNPs were obtained. The phenotypic data of in vitro leaves, in vitro stems, and stem resistance to S. sclerotiorum of the 91 materials under the three growth environments were subjected to whole-genome association analysis using two analysis software, Emmax and Tassel. In the in vitro leaves, both analysis methods identified a total of 62 significantly associated SNP loci with resistance in the three different growth environments, including 23 and 39 significantly associated SNP loci in the Luoping winter sowing and Xiaoshao winter sowing environments, respectively, while no resistance loci were detected in the Xiaoshao summer sowing environment. In the stem of Luoping winter sowing, both methods detected 3 significantly associated SNP loci with resistance, while no significant SNP was detected in the stem of Xiaoshao summer sowing. In the Tassel method, closely located resistance SNP loci were detected on chromosomes A2, A8, and B2 in Luoping winter sowing and Xiaoshao winter sowing, while in the Emmax method, closely located resistance SNP loci were detected on chromosomes B5 and B8 in Luop-ing winter sowing and Xiaoshao winter sowing. In addition, this study mapped the previously identified S. sclerotio-rum resistance QTL loci and the resistance loci identified in this study to the reference genome of Brassica juncea. It was found that the resistance QTL intervals identified in this study (XLRA2-2, XLRA1-4) overlapped with the reported resistance QTL loci Sll2 and qsr10-1, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Xingcheng City, in Liaoning Province, is one of the advantageous apple production regions in the Bohai Bay area, where apple industry has greatly promoted rural revitalization. Studying the spatial distribution characteristics of soil fertility plays the basis role for realizing scientific fertilization in orchards and promoting high-quality development. Through the research on the spatial distribution and profile distribution of soil nutrients in apple orchards in Xingcheng, the data set of soil nutrient in 2019 was obtained, including soil pH, EC, SOM, TSN, AHN, AP, AK, ACa, AMg in soil layers 0-30 cm. Users can obtain the database by phone or email, or contact the Research Institute of Pomology, CAAS. The establishment and sharing of the dataset of soil nutrient characteristics of apple orchard in 2019 in Xingcheng can support the research for the distribution of soil nutrient, providing the theoretical basis for scientific fertilization, orchard soil fertility and fruit quality improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the efficacy of capreomycin adjuvant therapy for multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and its effect on quality of life and immune function. Methods Eighty-eight elderly pulmonary tuberculosis patients admitted to Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University from October 2019 to October 2020 were selected and divided into two groups according to the random number table method. The control group (n=44) used 4-6Am-Mfx (Lfx) -Pto- Cfz-Z-Hhigh-dose-E/5 Mfx(Lfx)-Cfz-Z-E, the research group (n=44) used capreomycin on the basis of the control group. The 6- Minute Walk Test (6MWT) measured value / predicted value and quality of life [36-Item Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36)] scores, safety evaluation results, chest CT cavity and lesion absorption rate and sputum culture turned negative were compared between the two groups, and the serum procalcitonin (PCT) expression levels and immune function were detected before and after treatment. Results The 6MWT measured value/predicted value of the research group and control group before the treatment were (0.48±0.11) and (0.64±0.13), which were significantly higher than corresponding (0.51± 0.12) and (0.58±0.14) after treatment (t=6.23, 2.520, P<0.05), the measured/expected value of 6MWT increased in both groups after treatment. Compared with the same group before treatment, the SF-36 scores for each dimension increased in both groups after treatment (P<0.01). The expression levels of serum PCT in the research group and control group before the treatment were (0.37±0.09) ng/mL and (0.12±0.03) ng/mL versus (0.36±0.11) ng/mL and (0.21±0.06) ng/mL after treatment (t=17.480, 7.940, P <0.01). Compared with the same group before treatment, serum PCT expression levels decreased in both groups after treatment. Compared with the same group before treatment, CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ were elevated in both groups after treatment (P<0.05 or P<0.01); after treatment, CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ were significantly higher in research group compared to the control group (t=4.21, 8.02, 2.04, P<0.05). The absorption rate of chest CT cavity and lesions and negative rate of sputum culture in the research group were 88.64% (39/44) and 81.82% (36/44), which were significantly higher than corresponding 63.64% (28/44) and 61.36% (27/44) in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions Capreomycin can improve the quality of life of MDR-TB patients, extend the 6-minute walking distance, and regulate serum PCT expression levels and immune function, to promote the absorption of chest CT cavity and lesions, and sputum culture to turn negative, and the security is acceptable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective The dorsal root entry zone (DREZ) is a hyperactive focus in neuropathic pain (NP) syndromes, and DREZotomy has been used in selective cases of NP. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic effect of microsurgical DREZotomy in chronic pain due to spinal cord and cauda equina injuries. Methods Two patients suffered with chronic pain due to spinal cord and cauda equina injuries were treated with microsurgical DREZotomy, and postoperative therapeutic effect and complications were observed. Results One patient had great pain, and the pain was alleviated 2 weeks after surgery, while carbamazepine (300 mg/d) was administered continously. Another patient was completely free of pain 2 weeks after surgery, and no recurrence occurred during 3-year follow up. No severe complications were found in the 2 patients. Conclusion Microsurgical DREZotomy is an effective approach in treating chronic pain due to spinal cord and cauda equina injuries.

Migraine headache is the most common type of headache in the clinic. The pain is serious and recurrent. It can affect patients' daily life, work and study, and even lead to depression, anxiety and other psychological disorders. Nowadays, the treatment of migraine mostly depends on drugs, which can not completely eliminate migraine. Furthermore, there are many side effects and complications in drug treatment. In order to cure magraine, scholars at home and abroad have actively explored in the surgical treatment of migraine, such as anatomy research and clinical curative effect. The occurrence of migraine is associated with four trigger sites, including supraorbital area, auriculotemporal area, occipital nerve area and intranasal trigger points. By the surgical decompression at the trigger sites, migraine can be cured or alleviated.

Objective To compare the efficacy of ultrasound-stellate ganglion block (US-SGB) with that of blind SGB (B-SGB) in the management of breast cancer patients with postoperative neuropathic pain (NP). Methods Forty-eight breast cancer patients with postoperative neuropathic pain were randomly assigned to either US-SGB group (N = 24) or B-SGB group (N = 24). The mean age of US-SGB and B-SGB groups were (51.35 ± 5.63) and (49.54 ± 4.77) years, respectively. Two blockade procedures with 8-day interval were performed on the affected side. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was assessed before treatment, and in the 4th and 8th week after treatment. Results In both groups, VAS scores were significantly decreased after 4 and 8 weeks. The VAS score in US-SGB group was decreased from 5.44 ± 1.52 before treatment to 2.68 ± 1.33 at 4th week and to 1.32 ± 0.85 at 8th week after treatment, while in B-SGB group decreased from 5.36 ± 1.21 before treatment to 3.31 ± 1.27 at 4th week and to 2.09 ± 1.02 at 8th week after treatment. The alleviation of pain in US-SGB group was more significant than that in B-SGB group (4th week: t = 2.251, P = 0.038; 8th week: t = 1.971, P = 0.029). Conclusion Both US-SGB and B-SGB techniques were effective in relieving pain in breast cancer patients with neuropathic pain. However, with postoperative favorable clinical efficacy, US-SGB was better in pain relief in comparison with B-SGB.

Objective To study the expression of Akt1 in hippocampal neurons in temporal lobe epilepsy, and explore its role in the development of epilepsy. Methods Two hundred and ten healthy adult male Sprague⁃Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into normal group (n = 10), lithium chloride (LiCl) group (n = 10) and epilepsy group (n = 190). LiCl⁃pilocarpine (PILO) was used for animal model of epilepsy. Total protein was extracted from hippocampus and rat brain slices were obtained at different time points (0 h, 1 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 7 d, 10 d, 30 d, 50 d) after status epilepticus (SE) in normal group and LiCl group. Western blotting technique was used for detection of total protein in the hippocampus, and gray value was analyzed by Quantity one software. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of Akt1 protein in the hippocampus and microscopic counting method (× 200) was used to quantify positive nerve cells in hippocampal region. Results Compared with the control group, the expression of Akt1 protein in the hippocampus in epilepsy group was significantly increased at the beginning of SE and achieved to the peak at 30 d after SE (0 h: 4.09±0.04, t = 2.445, P = 0.034; 30 d: 0.52± 0.03, t = 1.214, P = 0.002). The expression level was quickly reduced and was lower than normal value at 24 h after SE (0.27 ± 0.06, t = 4.294, P = 0.000), and no significant differences were seen at other time points. In comparison with LiCl group, the Akt1 protein expression in hippocampus in epilepsy group began to decrease at 1 h after SE, and reached to the lowest level at 24 h after SE (0.27 ± 0.06, t = 4.134, P = 0.000). At 48 h after SE the Akt1 expression began to increase and achieved to the level of LiCl group at 7 d after SE. In immunohistochemical staining: Akt1 protein positive cells in hippocampal CA3 area immediately increased after SE and achieved to the peak (46.70 ± 2.90) at 12 h after SE, but decreased to normal level (16.20 ± 2.50) at 48 h after SE. The positive neurons increased again (25.00 ± 2.30) at 10 d and reached to peak level (44.10 ± 1.80) again at 30 d after SE, but began to reduce to normal level (22.30 ± 2.60) at 50 d after SE. In LiCl group, Akt1 protein expression in CA3 area was higher than that in normal group at 0 h (P < 0.05). Akt1 protein positive cells in CA1 and CA2 areas showed no significant difference among different groups (P > 0.05, for all). Conclusion The dynamic process of Akt1 protein expression in hippocampus and the CA3 area of hippocampus after SE showed a higher, lower, and then higher presentation, suggests a possible cellular protective effect against apoptosis and promotion for cell survival. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2012.05.015

In view of problem that current underground explosion-proof computer has no monitoring function for electric quantity of battery, a design scheme of electric quantity of battery monitoring system of underground explosion-proof computer based on USB protocol was proposed. In the system, small single-chip microcomputer with AD conversion is used to collect and process electric quantity of battery, the collected data is transmitted to module of USB to serial port，then sampling value of electric quantity of battery can be got by upper computer through virtual serial port. The test result showed that the indexes of the system accord with working time of load, data transmission has higher reliability and relative error of AD conversion can meet with demands of collection of electric quantity of battery.

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2010.06.006

In order to solve the problem that rescue communication system, which is laid casually in process of emergency rescue for mine accident, has no function of real-time communication among satellite, ground and underground and remote command center cannot directly get information of disaster situation, a mine communication device for emergency rescue commanding which combined with underground wired audio and video communication system and ground satellite video communication system was proposed and realization scheme of audio and video transmission by satellite of the device was mainly introduced. The prototype test result showed the device has stable networking, long communication distance and strong anti-disaster ability, which solves the problem of real-time communication among satellite, ground and underground in emergency rescue commanding.

To achieve the goals of carbon emission-peak and carbon neutrality, the energy conservation problem of subway air-conditioning system has become more and more prominent. Since the load of the subway equipment management room varies obviously with the start and stop of the equipment, the traditional air-conditioning system of constant air volume cannot change the air supply volume of the system, which would cause the waste of the cooling capacity. The air-conditioning system of variable air volume can be used to achieve the air supply on demand for different rooms at different times. This paper builds a simulation platform of the VAV air-conditioning system for a subway station in Zhengzhou and the platform is integrated with the load model of the subway equipment room to achieve on-demand air supply. The simulation platform is used to simulate the control characteristics and air volume characteristics of the VAV system. By adjusting the valve opening of the VAV-box terminal, the demanded air volume of the room is supplied on according to different load demands. The results show that the actual operating air volume basically matches the demand air volume and the deviation is less than 1%. The control effects of room temperature between the constant air volume system and the VAV system are compared. The room temperature with the constant air volume system is decreased to 34 °C, which is lower than the design temperature of 36 °. While, the room temperature with the VAV system can be precisely controlled at 36 °, and the waste of cooling capacity is avoided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of problems that charger of Ni-MH batteries based on MAX713 is only used in charging for 1～16 Ni-MH batteries and exists virtual filling, the paper proposed a design scheme of intelligent charger of Ni-MH batteries which can charge for more than 16 Ni-MH batteries. The charger takes MAX713 as basis and uses serial way to link batteries, and is added timing detection function which can ensure fully filling of Ni-MH batteries through controlling relay by single-chip microcomputer. The actual application showed that the charger has certain practicability.

The quality of postharvest fruit is susceptible to deteriorate, resulting in economic losses, and the disease caused by pathogen is one of the main reasons for the deterioration of postharvest fruit quality. At present, the research on postharvest disease loss of fruit is mainly focused on the pathogenic mechanism of pathogens, although few has been reported on the resistance response of fruits after infected by pathogens. In this paper, the physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms of postharvest response to pathogen infection were reviewed, including the effects of pathogen infection on fruit cell structure, fruit defense enzyme system and the role of fruit metabolites in disease resistance. The research status of fruit disease resistance genes was also discussed. The response of harvested fruits that were infected by pathogens was deeply reviewed from the physiological, biochemical and molecular mechanisms, which laid the foundation for the research and development of new techniques of fruit preservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the efficacy of decompression of peripheral nerve for greater occipital neuralgia. Methods A total of 62 patients with greater occipital neuralgia were given greater occipital nerve decompression under local anesthesia, and were followed up 6-12 months later. Results There were 54 cases cured, 5 cases effective, 2 cases ineffective, and 1 case lost during the follow-up period. Conclusion The decompression of peripheral nerve is a safe and effective method for greater occipital neuralgia.

Dendrites are formed on the interface because its stability is destroyed in the charging process for metal-air battery, which leads to the safety and short life of the metal-air battery. Focused on the problems, the researchers Investigated the dendrites growth though theory, experiment and simulation to suppress it. In this paper, the mechanism of dendrites growth in the electrodeposition for metal-air batteries was firstly addressed and analyzed. Then, the resent researches about the dendrite suppression methods in the charging process for metal-air batteries were overviewed. The results show that the modification and structural design of the metal negative electrode and the improved electrolyte can effectively inhibit the dendrites growth. Adjusting the temperature nearby the anode interface to regulate the uniform deposition can inhibit the growth of dendrites. From the present investigation and results, the following research method should combine the experiment and simulation and focus on the synergistic effect of current characteristics, electrolyte properties an dcatalyst catalytic performance on dendrite suppression. The theory of dendrites suppression can be revealed and the effective method of dendrites suppression of metal anode for metal-air battery can be obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Media art and literature has formed a new set of rules for textual production and symbolic control out of the logic of communication. With an inherent structure of significance and dimension of temporality, media art and literature not only provide a new form of development for art, but also offer more possibilities for artistic imagination to engage in social life. According to the process of communication, the communication of literature and art via media involves three domains: "media" at the level of production, "story" at the level of content, and "senses" at the level of aesthetics. Due to the interconnection and interaction between these three domains, the inherent "communicative attributes" of media art and literature intensify the tension between literary and artistic autonomy and heteronomy. The artistic identification of media art and literature and their anxiety need to be self-consistent in the reconstruction of artistic knowledge, discursive negotiations, and games. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment optimized the extraction process of flavonoids from the branches and leaves of Tamarix ramosissima and determined the oxidation activity. On the basis of single factor and orthogonal test, the optimum technological parameters of ultrasonic extraction of flavonoids were determined, and the total reducibility and DPPH· and OH· scavenging ability of flavonoids were determined. The results showed that under the conditions of ultrasonic power of 100 W, 60% ethanol, 40 °C, ultrasonic for 40 min and three cycles, the average yield of total flavonoids in wild Tamarix ramosissima was 38.727 mg/g, which has a good scavenging ability for DPPH· and OH·. The experiment indicates the optimized process has higher yield of total flavonoids, and the flavonoid has better anti-oxidant ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lossless data compression systems are prone to transmission errors, and the effect of bit errors presents a spreading trend as the decoding progresses, which limits its applicability in the areas such as noisy wireless channels and file systems that may be damaged. Lossless data compression algorithm LZW can be widely used in file formats such as GIF, PDF, and TIFF. In this paper, the redundancy of the LZW compressed data was used to propose a design scheme of the error repair algorithm, and present the relevant theoretical basis. This scheme was arranged to be compatible with the standard LZW algorithm, meaning that the files compressed by the proposed scheme could still be decompressed by the standard LZW decoder. Experimental results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on a type of stamping welding hydraulic torque converter, a blade thickness full factor test was designed. Firstly, the main effects and the interaction effects of torque converter external characteristics were analyzed, combining with numerical simulation of flow field. The results show that, the main effects make the capableness of the torque converter descend along with the blade thickness increasing and the interaction effects of blade thickness are not obvious. And then, the numerical variation effects of blade thickness on performance were analyzed. The results show that, the increased thickness of the vane can induce a decline of the torque transmitted by the torque converter and this decline is from slow to fast. Finally, the blade thickness was optimized based on the study results. Combined with the actual thickness of the engineering board, the blade thickness was determined and a verification test was carried out. Similar to the variation of pump rotation moment with blade thickness, turbine torque decreases with the increase of blade thickness, especially in the low speed ratio region of torque converter. When the blade thickness is within 3 mm, for each increase of 0. 5 mm thickness, the turbine torque value decreases by 0.5%, and when the blade thickness exceeds 3 mm, the turbine torque changes faster, and for each additional 0. 5 mm, the maximum change of the pump rotation moment is about 3. 8%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of urban entomology in China began in the mid-1980s and great progress has since been made in this field. Urban ecosystems differ from natural or agricultural ecosystems because urbanization has a significant impact on the biology of urban insects. Urban pests have their own characteristics, and the concepts and methods of integrated pest management therefore need to be modified to suit urban environments. Urban pests mainly include health pests, storage product pests and garden pests. Research on urban pests has increasingly become of interest to entomologists. In this review, we mainly focus on the ecological traits of urban insects, the characteristics of the urban pest community, the status of genome sequencing, molecular mechanisms of resistance and integrated pest management in urban ecosystems. We also describe the internal causes of urban pest outbreaks and the principles for formulating integrated pest control strategies. Meanwhile, future research directions and prospects for new control methods for urban pests are discussed to provide a basis for developing new control strategies for these pests in China. Finally, we also discuss several control strategies based on molecular, or insect incompatibility, technology that could be promising additions to future urban IPM programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]