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The urban railway is a rail transit system that is suitable for connecting the central urban area of the metropolitan area with the surrounding urban clusters, providing public-focused, large volume, fast and convenient transportation services. The urban railway requires that the on-board equipment at both ends of the train be able to perform head-to-tail communication, support automatic turn-back behind the station and automatically change ends in the station. This paper introduces in detail the head-to-tail communication method and technology based on MVB bus, which has been successfully applied to the urban railway on-board equipment. After laboratory testing and inspection, the head-to-tail communication method and technology proposed in this paper can achieve high safety and high reliability in data communication between the on-board equipment at the head and tail of the train, which is an important basic technology for urban railway trains to realize automatic turn-back behind the station and automatic end change in the station. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the distribution characteristics of railway video acquisition points, this paper classifies the section video collection points, analyzes the access requirements of the line patrol platform, and puts forward the construction scheme of line patrol platform, which includes four parts: line patrol center platform, station and depot patrol screens, workshop patrol terminals and data transmission channels. The line patrol center platform adopts the cloud collaboration technology to analyze, upload, and alarm on-site video stream, and is connected to the railway comprehensive video monitoring system and other external systems to share resources. Stations and depots are equipped with large patrol screens, and workshops are equipped with patrol terminals. Based on the characteristics of patrol platform construction, a supporting channel construction is proposed. This platform has three major functions including professional management enhancement, intelligent technical defense, and patrol strategy optimization. This paper provides the reference for the construction of railway line patrol platforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Automotive Digest is the property of Automotive Digest Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper aims to solve the problems in the data download and analysis process of CIR equipment (Cab Integrated Radio) in the railway industry. In response to the current challenges of long data download time and difficult manual analysis, etc., a design scheme for wireless data transmission and intelligent analysis system for CIR equipment is proposed. The current CIR equipment still relies on manual operations for downloading and analyzing data from recording units, which poses potential risks to railway transportation safety due to time lag and low efficiency. The system architecture designed in this article is divided into two parts: onboard acquisition equipment and trackside intelligent analysis system, which are connected through the existing LMD system for communication. The onboard data acquisition equipment is connected to the monitoring interface of the recording unit of locomotive CIR equipment through a dedicated cable, and the data is transmitted to the trackside server through wireless network. The trackside intelligent analysis system realizes functions such as data storage, intelligent analysis, and report statistics. Based on big data technology and distributed architecture, it improves the efficiency of data processing and analysis. The intelligent analysis module in the system can achieve functions such as remote monitoring of device status, intelligent analysis, intelligent evaluation of device usage, and standardized detection task evaluation. After on-site application verification, the system can shorten data download and analysis time, reduce labor costs, prevent CIR equipment failures in advance, and ensure railway transportation safety and efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spatial Modulation(SM) and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(OFDM) Multi-Mode Index Modulation (MM-OFDM-IM) techniques have significant advantages in Energy Efficiency(EE) and Spectral Efficiency(SE), respectively. The combination of multi-dimensional index modulation technology can apply multiple physical resources to meet the high demand for data transmission and system capacity in wireless communication systems. Therefore, SM and MM-OFDM-IM systems can be flexibly combined to construct an OFDM Multiple Mode Space Frequency Composite Index Modulation (MM-OFDM-SFCIM) based on space frequency combination. This system can retain the silent subcarriers in traditional subcarrier index modulation technique, expanding new composite coefficient dimensions and improving its SE and EE. Aiming at the complex characteristics of this system, this paper proposes a joint detection algorithm EL-REML (REML based on symbolic Energy and LLR) based on symbolic energy and log-likelihood. The simulation results show that the MM-OFDM-SFCIM system achieves about 30% improvement in SE compared to traditional space-frequency combination systems, and the EL-REML algorithm proposed in this system achieves a 3-4 dB improvement in BER (Bit Error Rate) compared to the LLR algorithm. Compared with traditional ML algorithm, this algorithm has lower computational complexity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective In recent years, there has been an explosive growth in data communication traffic. To address the demands for high-speed, high-capacity data transmission and the diversification of network application scenarios, 100 Gbit/s and Beyond (B100 Gbit/s) Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) hybrid networking has gradually gained attention as an efficient solution. This paper conducts an analysis of the requirements, key technologies, and practical case studies of B100 Gbit/s DWDM hybrid networking to provide technical support and guidance for constructing high-capacity and efficient communication networks. Methods This paper first elucidates the requirements for the development of B100 Gbit/s DWDM hybrid networks, including the need for network capacity expansion and support for complex network architectures. Next, it focuses on introducing the key technologies of B100 Gbit/s DWDM hybrid networking, including constellation shaping, spectrum shaping, and flexible grid techniques. To support bitrate design in hybrid networking, a method for Optical Signal-to-Noise Ratio (OSNR) calculation in cascaded Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) communication systems is presented, utilizing parameters such as channel configuration information, signal optical power after transmitter, gain and noise parameters of EDFAs, to progressively calculate the output OSNR for each wavelength along the entire link. Finally, in conjunction with a foreign network case study and based on actual OSNR evaluation findings, a rational hybrid rate network design is performed, demonstrating the practical application of B100 Gbit/s DWDM hybrid networking in engineering projects. Results By employing B100 Gbit/s DWDM hybrid network, after flexibly configuring transmission rates and bandwidths according to OSNR evaluations, the deployment of hybrid rate networks at 200, 600 and 800 Gbit/s is achieved. This approach fulfills the high-capacity requirements of core sites while accommodating the long-distance, extensive span requirements of edge sites. Furthermore, network upgrades and expansion were smoothly accomplished within a three-year period. Conclusion Empirical evidence demonstrates that B100 Gbit/s DWDM networking effectively enhances network capacity, flexibility, and spectrum resource utilization. Moreover, it provides room for the continuous evolution of the networks, serving as a vital methods to advance the development of high-capacity optical transmission networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of Beidou navigation satellite system, a large number of studies have been conducted on the application data transmission of Beidou short messages in areas with frequent geological disasters. How to analyze its safety has become the key to engineering application. In this paper, FMEA is used to provide an application data safety analysis method based on Beidou short messages. In order to ensure the correctness of data as the starting point, possible failure modes are analyzed, especially the risks caused by data changes. According to the failure mode, the corresponding risk mitigation measures are given to prevent or mitigate the risks. This will provide safety assistance for the wide application of Beidou short message in the future rail transit field to improve the overall safety of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the railway signaling system, a data sending and receiving system based on DWC PCIE Core is designed to reduce the CPU resource occupancy of railway signaling system. The system adopts FPGA development board suite embedded with ARM Cortex-A9 dual core, which takes the advantage of the flexibility and scalability of FPGA, and uses configurable PCIE hard core IP module and configurable Ethernet hard core IP module. This paper mainly introduces the realization of highspeed and reliable data transmission through PCIE bus and Ethernet based on DMA modules between Host PC and FPGA and between FPGA boards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The wireless connection timeout is an important problem that interferes with the safe and stable operation of the CTCS-3 train control system. The CTCS-3 communication interface monitoring system is the main measure to maintain the security and stability of the GSM-R network. This paper briefly studies the problem of CTCS-3 wireless communication timeout, analyzes the data of wireless communication timeout based on the daily interface monitoring system, and summarizes the cause and process of wireless network timeout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The quantum secure communication technology is theoretically unbreakable; and has stronger security protection capabilities than traditional encryption methods. This paper proposes an applied design scheme for quantum secure communication in automatic fare collection (AFC) systems of urban rail transit on the basis of the actual requirements of the AFC system, and in view of the architecture and network transmission scheme of the AFC system. The quantum security equipment is deployed at the clearing center, the line center, and various stations; and the quantum secure communication technology is used to encrypt and transmit the sensitive information of the AFC system. Thus, the data transmission security of the core service system is ensured, and the security protection capability of the AFC system is improved. The proposed design scheme has the characteristics of high security, low impact on AFC system, low implementation difficulty, and strong replicability; and can provide reference for the application of the quantum secure communication technology in various AFC systems of urban rail transit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Against the background of the development of network security technologies such as railway communication data network and transmission network, and in accordance with the strategy of "integration, centralization and protection" for security protection in railway communication networks, this paper puts forward the concept of using the virtual firewall technology to share one network security protection system at the network security boundary of various communication network management systems. The proposed concept aims to achieve the purposes of service isolation, management and control isolation, and equipment resource sharing among various systems, so as to meet the network security needs of various network management systems for communication systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Test & Measurement Technology is the property of Publishing Center of North University of China and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to make two independently operated terahertz wireless LANs quickly complete coordinated convergence and improve the performance of the converged network, this paper proposed an efficient and fast convergence of MAC protocols（EFC-MAC）. Firstly, in view of the imperfection of the existing bridge node election mechanism and the shortcomings of the network coordination and convergence mechanism, this paper proposed a mechanism to start the election of bridge nodes when the first network node applied for network access, and announced the election results in the BP period of the next superframe, and other mechanism to decide whether to apply for CTA to forward heartbeat messages according to whether the network had completed coordinated convergence. So that the network could complete convergence efficiently and quickly. Then, aiming at the problem that the application method of public time slots by network nodes are not flexible enough, this paper proposed a me-chanism to dynamically apply for CTA according to the amount of time slot remaining in P-CTAP, which improved the performance of the network. Finally, aiming at the problem that the bridge node switching mechanism is not clear, this paper proposed a mechanism to complete the bridge node switching by using a CAP period length. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol can effectively improve network throughput, improve slot utilization and reduce data transmission delay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Guangdong University of Technology is the property of Journal of Guangdong University of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Current bitmap collaboration models suffer from issues such as large volume of data transmission, poor flexibility, overlapping conflicts and storage pressure. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a collaborative editing model for complex bitmaps. Collaborative operation that sends only the coordinates and color change, featuring low data volume, multi-dimensional granularity, and overlap able. Adds a four-dimensional bitmap collaborative architecture with spatiotemporal relationship, and only saves the edited pixel data, which can save more storage space; A replica state control algorithm based on rollback that ensures operations are executed on correct replica. An algorithm that can dynamically generate branch versions according to the current state and policy configuration, solving the problem of too many branch versions. Finally, inferring model correctness based on the CCI model, develop a prototype collaborative editor “Co-Pixel”, execute experiments based on randomly generated operation sets, simulation of actual editing behavior against Adobe Lightroom. Results show that this model can avoid conflicts between independent operations to a greater extent, can reduce the algorithmic overhead in the consistency maintenance process, can flexibly adjust the intent retention policy, and can generate a version of the result that reduces the user’s intent maintenance effort. The model in this paper provides a good solution for collaborative bitmap editing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Control Theory & Applications / Kongzhi Lilun Yu Yinyong is the property of Editorial Department of Control Theory & Applications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Control Theory & Applications / Kongzhi Lilun Yu Yinyong is the property of Editorial Department of Control Theory & Applications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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In order to adapt to the characteristics of high real-time performance and large computation of the array signal processing system, this paper proposes a multifunctional array signal processing system based on FPGA. By adopting advanced large-scale high-performance FPGA and multichannel high-precision ADC chips, the synchronous acquisition and digital down conversion processing of 40 intermediate frequency signals can be accomplished, and 36 sets of beam data can be obtained by digital beam forming, by configuring various types of external interfaces, the network data interaction, serial port control, beam control and MGT high-speed data transmission can be achieved. In this paper, the hardware and software architecture of the system is presented, and the chip models, peripheral interface and the realization method of each software function module are introduced in detail. The measurement results indicate that the system meets the design requirements, has a strong array signal processing capabilities, as well as strong versatility and scalability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People prefer to use cloud storage due to its advantages of high scalability and low cost, but ensuring the integrity of cloud data has become a security challenge that needs to be solved immediately. In order to solve the security and efficiency problems of the TPA-based public audit schemes, some scholars proposed blockchain-based public audit schemes which not only increased the audit burden of data owners, but were static and did not support wrong data location operations. Therefore, this paper proposed a public audit scheme based on improved blockchain which supported dynamic data operations. The paper reduced the audit overheads of data owners by outsourcing part of the audit work to the consensus representative, designed a multi-level MHT with weights to support dynamic operations, and helped to locate the wrong data when the audit failed. Theoretical analysis and experimental evaluation show that compared with the existing schemes, the proposed scheme achieves desirable security, higher dynamic audit efficiency, less computation and communication overheads for data owners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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With the popularity of intelligent connected vehicles, user privacy of concerns has hampered the development of Internet of vehicles. This paper summarized the research status of the vehicle network aggregation scheme and analyzes the problems in the current scheme. Firstly, it introduced the mainstream system models and common attack models in the Internet of vehicles. Secondly, it summarized the security, efficiency and advantages of domestic and foreign Internet of vehicles aggregation schemes, and discussed them from three aspects: signature stage aggregation scheme, user data collection and transmission stage aggregation scheme and a cloud platform data processing stage aggregation scheme. Finally, this paper analyzed the existing problems and solutions of the Internet of Vehicles aggregation scheme, and looked forward to the future research direction of the network of vehicles convergence scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Control Theory & Applications / Kongzhi Lilun Yu Yinyong is the property of Editorial Department of Control Theory & Applications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Railway Signalling & Communication Engineering is the property of Railway Signalling & Communication Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Railway Signalling & Communication Engineering is the property of Railway Signalling & Communication Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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In order to solve the problem that the navigate on pilot ( NOP) cruise speed control capability of vehicles equipped with NOP is reduced due to the sensor performance limitation in the visual field blind area, this paper introduces safety of the intended functionality design method and fusion communication delay, and proposes the NOP cruise speed control performance optimization method. Firstly, the risk assessment of NOP cruise speed control function is carried out based on the system theory process analysis method (STPA), the triggering conditions of safety risks are obtained, the safety objectives are proposed, and the system optimization is carried out according to the safety objectives. Secondly, the delay of communication equipment is studied by means of real vehicle experiment to obtain the regular characteristics of communication delay and the communication delay data of vehicle-vehicle communication under different working conditions. Based on the measured data, a delay law model is established, and the communication delay is introduced into the calculation model of the safety vehicle distance. Based on the analysis of the delay law based on the actual data, a vehicle cruising speed control distance model considering the communication delay is constructed to describe the trend of the communication delay changing with the working condition. Then, according to the established vehicle cruise speed control distance model considering communication delay, parameters such as speed, displacement and coordinates of environmental vehicles are accurately compensated and corrected to compensate for the impact of communication delay on system decisionmaking, thereby improving the performance and reliability of vehicle-vehicle communication system. Then, the NOP cruise speed safety control strategy in the limit scenario of vehicle-vehicle interaction at the intersection section is formulated. By judging whether the coordinate system projections of the two vehicles overlap, the collision risk between the two vehicles is detected. When the collision risk exists, the vehicle is controlled to carry out emergency deceleration braking at the maximum braking speed. In addition, the Carsim/Prescan/Simulink joint simulation platform was built to simulate and verify the NOP driving condition of the vehicle in the extreme scenario of the intersection, and the decision-making system was used to control the cruising speed of the vehicle in the simulation test system. When the simulation accident occurred, the trigger condition analysis of the test result was carried out. The cause of unsafe behavior is analyzed and the safety target is obtained. Then the decision system is optimized according to the safety target to improve the performance of NOP cruise speed control function. Finally, validation experiments are carried out with real vehicles to ensure that the strategy can work reliably in the real traffic environment. The results show that the proposed V2X- NOP cruise speed control function in the vehicle-road collaborative environment starts the emergency deceleration braking time in the extreme scene such as the blind field of vision, and the speed response is up to 1. 56 s and the acceleration response is up to 2. 26 s in advance compared with the bicycle perception mode. The reliability of NOP cruise speed control ability is enhanced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming to address the low efficiency of central server authentication and the poor protection of vehicle privacy caused by the rapid movement of vehicle nodes, this paper proposed a blockchain-based security authentication protocol for the Internet of Vehicles. The protocol utilized the Fabric consortium blockchain to store temporary public keys and pseudonyms for vehicles and completed vehicle identity authentication by calling smart contracts. At the same time, it negotiated a session key to ensure data integrity and confidentiality during communication. The pseudonym mechanism effectively avoided the risk of identity privacy leakage during data transmission. The protocol used the RAFT consensus algorithm to efficiently achieve data consensus. The security analysis and experimental results show that the proposed protocol not only has the ability to resist various network attacks but also has low computational overhead and good blockchain storage performance, meeting the real-time communication requirements of Internet of Vehicles communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the advent of the 5G era and the increasing public awareness of the Internet, the public has paid more and more attention to the protection of personal privacy. Due to malicious communication in the process of data encryption, to ensure data security and safeguard social and national interests, the research work on encrypted traffic identification is particularly important. Therefore, this paper describes the TLS traffic in detail and analyzes the improved technology of early identification method, including common traffic detection technology, DPI detection technology, proxy technology, and certificate detection technology. It also introduces machine learning models for selecting different TLS encrypted traffic characteristics, as well as many recent research results of deep learning models without feature selection. The deficiencies of the related research work are summarized, and the future research work and development trend of the technology have been prospected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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