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In order to improve the utilization rate of tobacco stems and the processing quality of stem shreds, the processing parameters of tobacco stems sorting, steam and microwave co-expansion, expanded tobacco stem remoisture, tobacco stem recutting, airflow drying and other key process parameters in the processing of microwave expanded tobacco stem shreds were studied. The optimal process parameters were as follows: tobacco stem sorting process selected short stems with a length of ≥2 cm and fine stems with a diameter of ≥3. 0 mm. The material flow rate in the steam-microwave co-expansion process was set at 240 ~ 270 kg/ h, the superheated steam flow rate was 950~1050 kg/ h, the cavity temperature was 148~151 °, and the microwave power was between 36~39 kW. When the water washing time in the moisture regaining process of expanded tobacco stems was greater than 50 s, the moisture content of Conditions was 30. 5% The storage time after conditioning was not less than 4 hours. The combination method of front high and low back was used in the re-cutting process of tobacco stems. The slice thickness was 0. 60 mm, the cutting width was 0. 30 mm, the knife door pressure was 30~35 kN, and the knife roller rotation speed was within the range of 400~450 r/ min. The material flow rate was 150 kg/ h, the process gas flow rate was 6500 m³ / h, and the temperature was 196 °. The width of the stalk processed by the silk-making process was closer to that of the leaf stalk, the stalk structure was more uniform, and the overall quality of the stalk was better. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]