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Goaf roadway poses a vital threat to coal mine safety and miner’s life. The scale of the goaf roadway volume is relatively small, therefore, the ordinary geophysical prospecting method can hardly detect it accurately. Also, the drilling method can rarely hit the target precisely. For the purpose of detecting the goaf roadway more precisely, a roadwayborehole transient electromagnetic method( TEM), belonging to a 2 D operating method with fixed source and dynamic reception device, was proposed. This method, by arranging a fixed transmission cable over the borehole and shifting a receiving probe along the borehole to implement three-component observation, realized a high-precision detection for the borehole radial geological anomalous bodies. The device, with more complex observation curve, had harder inversion difficulties. By analyzing the data characteristics adopting asynchronous parallel GPU plus CPU finite-different time-domain 3 D numerical simulation method, this paper presented a related sliding time window wave-field inverse transformation algorithm, combined the both advantages of time segmentation and full time wave-field transformation algorithm, to transform data with higher accuracy. By studying the characteristics of time-distance curve of 2 D transient electromagnetic virtual wave field data, a corresponding dynamic correction algorithm was derived. By adopting equivalent conductive plane method, initial velocity model was constructed. Ultimately, based on virtual acoustic medium hypothesis, the roadway-borehole TEM data pseudo-seismic inversion was realized by the means of conjugate gradient full-waveform inversion technique. The inversion results of 3 D numerical simulation, flume simulation experiment and coalmine on-site simulation data showed that it had acquired favorable effect in exploring small-scale anomalous body on the radial direction of the borehole. In order to test the practicability and availability of this operating method in detecting water-logged goaf roadway’s shape, characteristics and scale, the author’s research group has conducted an case study in Shanxi’s coal mine. The research showed that the roadway-borehole TEM detection method is a great combination to underground geophysical exploration technology and drilling technology, and to make them supplement to each other. It is an effective application in goaf roadway with water detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]