Search

BACKGROUND: With the comprehensive development of the agricultural ecological geological survey and the improvement of people’ s attention to the ecological environment in our country, the demand for biogeochemical reference materials in biological analysis food analysis and agricultural products analysis is increasing. The existing biogeochemical reference materials are in short supply, and there is an urgent need to develop new reference materials. With the full deployment and development of agro - ecological geological surveys, the demand for biogeochemical reference materials is increasing. OBJECTIVES: To reproduce tea composition reference materials (GBW10016a & GBW10052a) to take the place of old tea composition reference materials (GBW10016 & GBW10052). METHODS: According to the development needs of geological surveys, the focus of this paper is on the preparation of two tea reference materials, GBW10016a and GBW10052a. The progress includes sampling, processing and preparation, particle size test, uniformity test, stability test, content test, and calculation of identification value and uncertainty. In the sampling process, the sample collection locations are Wuyishan City, Fujian Province and Wuyuan County, Shangrao City, Jiangxi Province. The candidates are oolong tea and green tea. The tea samples both weigh 400kg. In the processing and preparation, the samples were cleaned, freeze-dried, heated and dried, ball milled, screened, sub-packed and inactivated. In the particle size test, the BT-9000s laser particle size distributor was used to test the particle size of the samples. The particle size of GBW10016a & GBW10052a centrally distributed in the range of 75μm to 200μm, and the cumulative distribution content reached 98% in the range of 175μm to 200μm. In the uniformity testing process, 15 bottles of samples were randomly selected for analysis of more than 30 elements. The analysis results show that the relative standard deviation of the elements is less than 7%, the measured values F in the variance test are less than the critical value F. It shows that the uniformity of the samples is acceptable. In the stability testing process, the short-term and long- term stability of the samples are good according to the analysis and testing in different time periods. In the content testing process, a total of 61 indicators were analyzed by accurate and reliable methods such as inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry / optical emission spectrometry ( ICP - MS / OES ) and atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS) in multiple laboratories. In the process of calculation of identification value and uncertainty, the Grubbs algorithm and the Dixon algorithm were carried out to check and exclude individual out - group data in the group at the first step. The Cochrane algorithm was used to carry out precision testing at the second step. The Shapiro-Wilk algorithm was used to complete the data normality test. The whole preparation process of the tea reference materials follow three specifications: Technical Norm of Primary Reference Materials (JJG 1006—1994), General and Statistical Principles for Characterization of Reference Materials (JJF 1343—2012) and The Production of Reference Materials for Geoanalysis(JJF 1646—2017). RESULTS: GBW10016a ( GSB - 7a) and GBW10052a ( GSB - 30a) tea reference materials are successfully reproduced, and have been approved as national first-class reference materials. The GBW10016a (GSB-7a) and GBW10052a (GSB-30a) are characterized by strong representativeness, multi-component planting, and accurate and reliable customization results. A total of 61 indicators are involved in this reproduction: Ag, Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Br, Ca, Cd, Ce, Cl, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Dy, Er, Eu, F, Fe, Gd, Ge, Hf, Hg, Ho, I, K, La, Li, Lu, Mg, Mn, Mo, N, Na, Nb, Nd, Ni, P, Pb, Pr, Rb, S, Sb, Sc, Se, Si, Sm, Sn, Sr, Tb, Th, Ti, Tl, Tm, U, V, Y, Yb, Zn. GBW10016a (GSB - 7a) contains 54 elements with certified values and uncertainties, and 3 elements with reference values. GBW10052a ( GSB - 30a ) contains 57 elements with certified values and uncertainties, and 3 elements with reference values. For GBW10016a (GSB-7a), Ag and Sn are added, and Ge and Tl are upgraded from the reference values of the original batch ( GBW10016) to the certified values. For GBW10052a, Al, Ag, Cl, I, N, S, Sb, Sc, Si and Sn are upgraded from the reference values of the original batch ( GBW10052 ) to the certified values. Due to the current level of analysis technology and objective conditions, the elements of Hf and Nb cannot be given reference values. CONCLUSIONS: The reference materials effectively support the needs of geochemical investigation and evaluation of the agricultural ecological environment, analysis of biological samples and food and agricultural products. With the development of ecological environmental research and food safety and hygiene inspection, people pay more and more attention to the characteristic elements, and the requirements are increasing. Problems still exists in the analysis of biological samples, such as discrete analysis results of the same method between laboratories and systematic errors among the main analysis methods of individual elements. There are technical difficulties in the analysis of some elements. Analysis and testing technology needs to be continuously improved to cope with the characteristics of a special biological sample matrix, low composition content and difficult testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fujian tea culture is mainly famous for Kungfu tea, but eating Lei tea is popular in some areas where Hakka people live in northwest Fujian. Jiangle Lei tea, which is listed in the preservation list of intangible cultural heritage in Fujian Province, is an important part of Hakka Lei tea and the epitome of Hakka Lei tea culture. Taking Jiangle Lei tea as the research object, this paper analyzes its origin, production process and social value, as well as various factors of Jiangle Lei tea inheritance from the perspective of food anthropology, trying to explore how Jiangle Lei tea has become a local cultural symbol during its evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background——As a characteristic agricultural industry, tea industry is the leading industry for farmers to get rid of poverty and increase income in tea-producing areas. Fujian, as a major tea-producing province, not only has a better industrial foundation, but also has distinctive characteristics of tea industry development, which is representative and typical. Methods——Employing coupling coordination degree model and obstacle degree model, the coupling coordination degree of tea industry and regional economy in Fujian was analyzed and the obstacle factors were diagnosed. The data are derived from the Statistical Yearbook of Fujian from 2011 to 2021,the Statistical Yearbook of China’s Tea Industry from 2011 to 2017,and the Statistical Bulletin on National Economic and Social Development of Fujian from 2011 to 2020. Results——Through the analysis, the following conclusions can be drawn: (1) The tea industry in Fujian moves towards a high level of coupling with the regional economy. From 2011 to 2020,the coupling degree values were maintained between 0.7 and 1.0,and the push-pull interaction between the tea industry and economic development showed an increasingly strong trend, which led to the increase of the coupling degree value, and began to grow to and maintain the highest level in 2015.This shows that the tea industry and regional economy have entered a high level of coupling from the grinding stage. (2) The relation of Fujian tea industry and regional economy gradually moves to benign interaction and efficient coordination. In addition, the coupling coordinated development is the leading type in tea industry system from 2011 to 2015.In 2017, the synchronous development of subsystems was transformed into the dominant type of regional economic system, and the two subsystems were alternately dominated from 2018 to 2020.On the whole, the coupling development type of the two has gone through three stages, namely, from the imbalance recession stage, transition stage to the coordinated development stage. And the system changes from mild disorder to high-quality coordination. (3) Tea export volume, yield, output value, tea garden area and contribution rate of primary industry are the main obstacle factors. From 2011 to 2015,the export volume of tea has always been the first obstacle factor, followed by tea yield and tea garden area. From 2018 to 2020,the ranking of the top five obstacle factors has changed, the impact of tea exports has gradually decreased, and the proportion of tea output value in GDP has gradually increased, ranking first in 2020. Conclusions and Discussions—According to the research results, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) There is a strong interaction between the tea industry and the regional economy in Fujian Province, and it has developed from a low level of mutual restraint to a high level of mutual promotion.. (2) The obstacle degree of the subsystem of TE system in Fujian Province has not changed much. Starting from the main obstacle factors, this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to promote the coordinated development of tea industry and regional economy: (1) It is necessary to improve tea quality, promote tea exports. (2) It is required to deepen the processing level and improving the output value of tea. (3)It is expected to enrich the form of industrial integration and improve comprehensive benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]